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    Quadrature Amplitude Modulation

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    Eysha qureshi
    Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM) is a modulation technique that encodes two message signals by shifting their frequency spectra to a carrier frequency. It modulates the signals by multiplying them with a cosine carrier wave and a 90 degree phase shifted sine carrier wave. After demodulation using the same carriers, bandpass filters are used to extract the original message signals from the modulated signal by removing unwanted frequency components. QAM allows for more data transmission over the same bandwidth as AM but is more susceptible to noise. It is used in applications like digital television and AM stereo systems.

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    Quadrature Amplitude Modulation

    Uploaded by

    Eysha qureshi
    55 views9 pages
    Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM) is a modulation technique that encodes two message signals by shifting their frequency spectra to a carrier frequency. It modulates the signals by multiplying them with a cosine carrier wave and a 90 degree phase shifted sine carrier wave. After demodulation using the same carriers, bandpass filters are used to extract the original message signals from the modulated signal by removing unwanted frequency components. QAM allows for more data transmission over the same bandwidth as AM but is more susceptible to noise. It is used in applications like digital television and AM stereo systems.

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    Quadrature Amplitude Modulation in Simulink

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    Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM) is a modulation technique that encodes two message signals by shifting their frequency spectra to a carrier frequency. It modulates the signals by multiplying them with a cosine carrier wave and a 90 degree phase shifted sine carrier wave. After demodulation using the same carriers, bandpass filters are used to extract the original message signals from the modulated signal by removing unwanted frequency components. QAM allows for more data transmission over the same bandwidth as AM but is more susceptible to noise. It is used in applications like digital television and AM stereo systems.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    55 views9 pages

    Quadrature Amplitude Modulation

    Uploaded by

    Eysha qureshi
    Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM) is a modulation technique that encodes two message signals by shifting their frequency spectra to a carrier frequency. It modulates the signals by multiplying them with a cosine carrier wave and a 90 degree phase shifted sine carrier wave. After demodulation using the same carriers, bandpass filters are used to extract the original message signals from the modulated signal by removing unwanted frequency components. QAM allows for more data transmission over the same bandwidth as AM but is more susceptible to noise. It is used in applications like digital television and AM stereo systems.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 9

    Quadrature Amplitude Modulation

    Task 1:
    Show and explain time domain representation of original, modulated and demodulated signals

    Give and explain frequency domain representation of original, modulated and demodulated signals

    Model Design
    Time Domain Representation

    Message Signal 1- 300Hz

    Message Signal 2- 200Hz

    Carrier Signal- 3Khz

    Here we used two carrier signals operating at the same frequency but separated by 90 degrees phase by
    using a variable time delay and adjusting the time delay to one quarter of the time period of the original
    carrier that was a cosine. In this way we generated a sine wave using a cosine wave.
    Modulated Signal
    We modulated message signal 1 by using the original cosine function with zero phase delay and the other
    message signal by using the 90 degree phase shifted cosine i.e. sine wave.
    Demodulated
    We demodulated the two modulated signals by using the same carriers. We multiplied the first modulated
    signal by the cosine signal (zero time/phase delay) and the other modulated signal by the 90 degree phase
    shifted cosine by giving time delay to the original carrier signal.

    Before Filter
    After Filter

    Due to multiplication of the modulated signal with the carrier signal, unwanted frequency components
    were also super imposed. So we applied band pass filter to acquire our original message signal. The time
    domain representation is given above. The details of the filters used are given in the next part.
    Frequency Domain Representation

    Message signal 300 Hz

    Message signal 200Hz


    Modulated Signal
    We modulated the first message signal by multiplying it with the cosine signal. The frequency spectrum
    of the message signal was shifted on the frequency of the carrier signal i.e. 3k Hz. The bandwidth of the
    modulated signal for message signal 1 is 600 Hz. Similarly, we modulated message signal 2 by
    multiplying it with the phase shifted or time delayed cosine signal. The frequency spectrum of the
    message signal was shifted on the frequency of the carrier signal i.e. 3k Hz. the bandwidth of message
    signal 2 is 400 Hz.

    message signal 300Hz

    Message signal 200 Hz


    Demodulated signal
    For demodulation of the modulated signal, we had to multiply the modulated signal with their respective
    carrier signals. But after the multiplication the demodulated signals contained unwanted frequency
    components. So, we used band pass filter with the pass band range of 295-305 Hz for the first signal and
    195-205Hz for the other signal.

    Message signal 300 Hz

    Message Signal 200Hz


    Task 2
    What are the advantages and disadvantages of QAM

    Give practical applications of QAM

    Advantages

    i. QAM allows for more data to be transmitted over roughly the same bandwidth as simple AM.
    Two message signals (each of B) in the bandwidth (2B).

    Disadvantages

    i. QAM is more susceptible to noise because the states are closer together so that a lower level of
    noise is needed to move the signal to a different decision point.
    ii. Receivers for use with phase or frequency modulation are both able to use limiting amplifiers that
    are able to remove any amplitude noise and thereby improve the noise reliance. This is not the
    case with QAM.
    iii. When using QAM that contains an amplitude component, linearity must be maintained.
    Unfortunately linear amplifiers are less efficient and consume more power, and this makes them
    less attractive for mobile applications.
    iv. Requires coherent demodulation with exact phase and frequency

    Practical Applications
    i. QAM is how the two channels of color difference modulation are implemented for analog
    television.
    ii. QAM is how the Kahn AM stereo system works

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