Descriptive Text

Definition of Descriptive Text

Descriptive Text is a text which says what a person or a thing is like. Its purpose is to describe and
reveal a particular person, place, or thing.”

Generic Structure of Descriptive Text

o Identification : Identifies phenomenon (person, place, or thing) that will be described

o Description : Describes parts, qualities, characteristics, etc

The Characteristics / Language Feature of Descriptive Text:

o Specific participant bandengan beach, my house, borobudur temple, uncle Jok

o The use of adjective to describe noun : a beautiful beach, a handsome man
o Use simple present tense

Example of Descriptive Text

Jakarta City

Jakarta is the capital city of Indonesia. It is centrally located within the country on the northwest
coast of Java Island at the mouth of the Ciliwung river. Jakarta dominates Indonesian’s
administrative, economy, cultural activities, and is a major commercial and transportation hub within
Asia-with a population of about 9 million, Jakarta has more people than any other cities in Indonesia.

The climate is hot and humid year-round. Rainfall occurs throughout the year, although it is the
heaviest from November to May. To average annual precipitation in Jakarta is 1, 790 mm. The city
lies on a flat, low plain and is prone to flooding during periods of heavy rainfall. Kota is city’s oldest
commercial area. It is located south of the old Sunda Kelapa harbour. Glodok, the south of Kota is a
banking, retail and residential neighborhood with a large Chinese population. Merdeka Square with
Monas (The National Monument) dominates the city’s central district. Surrounding the square are
Istana Merdeka, the presidential palace, the National Museum, and the Istiqlal Mosque.

Exercise :

I am so happy to have a close friend. She is my beloved classmate, Fafa. We have known each
other since we were in grade 8. we were I the same class and we still are in grade 9 until now.

Fafa is a very kind and friendly girl. She is always ready to help other people. Although she comes
from a rich family, she never looks down on other people. She is very sociable and has a lot of
friends. She can interact easily with people from different ages. Therefore, she is also popular
among teachers and parents.
 1. What is the text about?
a. The writer’s sister.
b. The writer’s family
c. The writer’s deskmate
d. The writer’s best friend
2. What is the main idea of paragraph two?
Fafa has a good characters
Fafa comes from a rich family
Fafa is an eight grader student.
Fafa is popular among neighbors.
3. What is the main idea of paragraph two?
Fafa has a good characters
Fafa comes from a rich family
Fafa is an eight grader student.
Fafa is popular among neighbors.

My grandmother is very gentle, love and caring person. She never raises her voice at anyone. She
has lived with me for as long as I can remember. She takes care of me when mom goes to work
My grandmother is very neat and tidy person. She has very dry grey hair which she usually pulls up
into a bun. She has dark brown eyes that twinkle whenever she sees me. I hardly ever see them
wet.
Grandmother likes to tell stories. She usually tells me brief stories of her childhood and expresses
them very well with her tired, wrinkled hands. Sometimes, she also tells story about grandfather who
has passed away. My dear grandmother always says good things about him. She once told me that
he was the nicest person she had ever met

4. The main idea of the third paragraph is that Ari’s grandmother…

a. Likes to tell brief stories of her childhood.
b. Is a very gentle, loving and caring person
c. Loves Ari’s grandfather very much
d. Always takes care of Ari
5. What is the text about?
a. Ari’s story
b. b. Ari’s grandmother
c. c. Grandmother’s hobby
d. d. Grandmother’s childhood
6. She takes care of him when Mom and Dad go to word.
The underlined phrase is closest in meaning to …
a. Be wise
b. Play with
 c. Give money
d. Be responsible for

Built in 1962, Palembang’s Ampera Bridge was officially opened three years later. The bridge
was originally called Bung Karno Bridge after the president, but his following his fall, it was
renamed the Ampera Bridge. From Sultan Mahmud Badaruddin II Airport, you can get there
by taxi or rented car. It is less than a 30 minute drive from the airport. Fifty meters from the
Ampera Bridge you will see a market selling local foods and souvenirs, called Pasar 16 llir.
Not far from it, you can find a lekeur (carving) center and a songket (woven fabrics) center.
The Ampera Bridge is closed for access by cars or motorcycles. Policeman are standby there
to stop cars and motorcycles from passing by. However, this icon of Palembang can be
enjoyed most by walking. Not only you can take pictures of the bridge and the Musi River
below, but also feel the breeze and enjoy the walk.

7. What was the first name of Ampera Bridge?

a. Musi Bridge

b. Palembang Bridge

c. Bung Karno Bridge

d. Ahmad Yani Bridge

8. What does paragraph two tell us about?

a. The suggestion of taking a walk for your health

b. The best way to enjoy the Ampera Bridge

c. The way to get to the Ampera Bridge

d. The traffic in the Ampera Bridge

9. From the text we can conclude that …

a. It is suggested to visit the Ampera Bridge in the early morning to avoid the traffic jam

b. The closest shopping place from the Ampera Bridge in the carving center

c. People are suggested to walk from the airport to the Ampera Bridge

d. The Ampera Bridge is above the Musi River

10. “Not only you can … but also feel the breeze and enjoy the walk” (Paragraph 2)

The underlined word has nearly the same meaning as …

 a. Grace

b. Wind

c. Storm

d. Sensation

Studio one is one of the biggest indoor theme park in Singapore. Located in the heart of singapore,
studio one is one of the most visited attraction . it is closed to Singapore shopping avenue and can be
reached with most public transportation. As an indoor theme park, Studio One has the most complete
facilities. Besides the hotel and the mall, Studio One also offer various entertainments. Dsiney World,
one of the iconic destination, resembles all Disney’s characters. You can experience patting and
swimming with dolphin in the Dolphin Marine. For this, however, you need to register yourself to the
counter they will brief you before you swim

11. The text abovmainly discuss Studio One in terms of its ...

a. Location

b. Transportation

c. Accomodation

d. Attraction

12. In Disney World, visitors are entertained with ...

a. Cartoon’s life

b. Animal’s life

c. Underwater life

d. Adventure life

13. What should you do if you want to swim with dolphins?

a. Pat the dolphins

b. Report to the counter

c. Brief the counter

 d. Bring dolphins food

14. “they will brief you before you swim” what does they (Paragraph 2) refer to ...

a. Dolphins

b. b. People in the counter

c. Counters

d. Visitors

The aurora often appears as acurtain of lights, but they can also be arcs or spiral, often following
lines of force in earth’s magnetic field. Most are green in color but sometimes you’ll see a hint of
pink and strong displays might also have red, violet, and white colors. The lights typically are seen
in the far north –the nations bordering the artic ocean – Canada and Alaska, Scandinavian countries,
Iceland, Greenland and Russia. But strong displays of the lights can extend down into more
southerly latitudes in the United States. And of course, the light have counterpart at Earth’s south
polar regions.

The colors in the aurora were also a source of mistery throughout human history. But sciense says
that different gases in earth’s atmosphere give off different color when they are excited. Ooxygen
gives off the green color of the aurora, for example. Nitrogen causes blue or red colors

15. What does the text tell us abou?

a. The history of aurora

b. The characteristic of aurora

c. The brilliant light in earth’s atmosphere

d. The mystery of natural lights

16. The different color of aurora is caused by ...

a. The location of its appearance

b. The reflection of fire in the sky

c. The position of the earth’s magnetic field

d. The different gases in the earth’s atsmophere

17. What happen when aurora appears in southerly latitudes in the United States?
 a. It is more beautiful

b. The gases are lighter

c. The lights are brighter

d. The color are stonger

18. This text will likely attract the attention of students who ...

a. Like to study about light

b. Have high curiosity in colors

c. Want to know more about eart’s magnetic field

d. Are interested in natural phenomenon

On the banks of the Chao Phraya, Bangkok’s “River of Kings”, lies a hotel that has already set new
standards of hospitality for this celebrated city.
Set in magnificently lanscaped tropical gardens, the Shangri-La Bangkok provides guests with all the
charm and warmth of the orient and, at the same time, unsurpassed range of facilities and leisure
activities. There is a choice of 12 superb settings in which to wine and dine, a large free-form swimming
pool that overlooks the river, conventoin and meeting facilities for up to 2000 people, and a 24-hour
business centre.
And, from every single guest room and suite, there is a breathtaking view of all the exotic hustle and
bustle of the fabled “River of Kings”. One might expect such a well-equipped and positioned hotel to be
miles away from the city center but, at Shangri-La Bangkok the busness district and main shopping areas
are mere minutes away.
From more than 200 years, Bangkok’s granduer has been reflected in the waters of the Chao PhrayA.
Today, the Shangri-La Bangkok towers beside this majestic river, offers its guests the golden promise of
the East.

19. For how many people the meeting facilities are up to?
A. 5000 people.
B. 4000 people.
C. 2000 people.
D. 1000 people.
E. 500 people.
20. The text mainly focuses on…
A. Bangkok’s granduer.
B. Bangkok’s ”River Kings.”
C. The water of the Chao Praya.
D. The majestic river in Bangkok.
E. Shangri-La Bangkok.

Grammar Overview

Test

The Shard is an 87-storey skyscraper, which sits in the heart of London. It is known as the shard of glass.
Construction began in 2009 and was completed three years later in 2012, making it Western European’s
tallest building.
Designed by architect Renzo Piano, The Shart is the second tallest free standing structure in the UK. Its
exterior boasts 11,000 glass panels — that’s equivalent in area to eight football pitches or two-and-a-half
Trafalgar Squares.
The building was developed to have multiple uses, describes on the website as a ‘vertical city where
people can live, work and relax’. This motto was clearly taken on board that was found on the 72nd floor
towards the end of construction.

1. What is the text about?

A. The architect Renzo Piano
B. The Shard glass panels
C. The Shard, building in London
D. The tallest building in London
E. The heart of London
2. In Europe, the Shard gains popularity on its …
A. Location
B. Function
C. Height
D. Age
E. Usage

3. What probably makes people interested to stay in the Shard?

A. It has multiple uses
B. It is the tallest building in UK
C. It was built by famous architect
D. It is located in the heart of London
E. It is very cheap
4. “…, making it Western European’s tallest building.” What does the underlined word “it” refer to?
A. The Shard
B. The glass
C. London
D. Skyscraper
E. Renzo Piano

Orchard Road is a Boulevard which becomes business and entertainment center in SingaporE. Orchard
Road is surrounded by a lush tropical and flower gardens which are beautiful. At first, Orchard Road is
just a suburban street lined with orchards, plantations nutmeg, and pepper farming. However, in the
1970s, it turned into a shopping center in SingaporE. In 1960 and 1970 entertainment industries began to
enter this roaD. Shopping centers such as mall and Plaza was built in 1974.
Orchard Road runs along about 2.2 km. This road is one-way street flanked by a variety of shopping
malls, hotels and restaurants. The shopping area which is nearly 800,000 square meters provides a wide
range of Things, food, and entertainment. In this area there are many options that can satisfy visitors from
all walks of life starting from the luxury branded things to the Popular branded, from exclusive restaurants
to fast food.
There are so many ways that can be accessed to get to Orchard road such as: by taxi, bus or drive your
own car. For those who are driving to Orchard Road can be entered from the west through the Napier
RoaD. Vehicles from Dunearn Road can turn to left at the intersection of the Marriott Hotel junction.
Vehicles that come from Paterson can turn right onto Orchard RoaD. Orchard is always crowded so you
have to be careful in order not to get lost.

5. The text mainly focuses on

A. Singapore
B. Orchard Plantation
C. Plaza and Mall
D. Orchard road as business and entertainment center
E. Shopping Center

6. Which statement is TRUE?

A. At first Orchard Road is a crowded settlement
B. Orchard road became business and entertainment center since 1974
C. Vehicles from Dunrean road turn to the left at intersection of the Marriott Hotel junction >>>>>>>>
D. Orchard road is infamous place at Singapore
E. Orchard road is not surrounded by flower garden

7. In the third paragraph the writer describes about?

A. The location of Orchard Road
B. The things that we can see at orchard road
C. The direction to get to Orchard Road
D. The history of Orchard Road
E. The distance of Orchard Road
8. Words “it” in line 4 refers to?
A. The plantation
B. Luxury branded things
C. The plaza
D. Singapore
E. Suburban street
9. The word “satisfy” in line eighth has the closet meaning with?
A. Pleased
B. Free
C. Frighten
D. Threat
E. Loved

Venice is a city in northern Italy. It has been known as the “Queen of the Adriatic”, “City of Bridges”, and
“The City of Light”. The city stretches across 117 small islands in the marshy Venetian Lagoon along the
Adriatic Sea in northeast Italy.
Venice is world famous for its canals. It is built on an archipelago of 117 islands formed by about 150
canals in a shallow lagoon. The islands on which the city is built are connected by about 400 bridges. In
the old centre, the canals serve the function of roads, and every form of transport is on water or on foot.
You can ride gondola therE. It is the classical Venetian boat which nowadays is mostly used for tourists,
or weddings, funerals, or other ceremonies. Now, most Venetians travel by motorised waterbuses which
ply regular routes along the major canals and between the city’s islands. The city has many private boats.
The only gondolas still in common use by Venetians are the Traghetti, foot passenger ferries crossing the
Grand Canal at certain points without bridges.

10. What does the text tell you about?

A. Gondola.
B. Traghetti.
C. Venice
D. Italy.
E. Venetian boat
11. What transport crosses the Grand Canal for foot passengers at certain points without bridges?
A. Gondolas.
B. Traghetti.
C. Waterbuses.
D. Lagoon.
E. Ship
12. From the text we can say that Venice belongs to a city of ….
A. water
B. ceremonies
C. buses
D. funerals
E. Gondola
13. What does the second paragraph of the text tell us about?
A. The forms of transport in the worlD.
B. The canals and roads that people like to usE.
C. The archipelago that has a lot of islands.
D. Venice as the world famous for its canals.
E. Venice is the city of light

Petruk cave is one of the leading tourist attractions in Kebumen, Central JavA. The cave is located in the
dukuh Mandayana Candirenggo Village, Ayah District, Kebumen regency. In the petruk cave there is no
lighting that illuminates the cavE. It is still very natural cave so that petruk cave is very dark to be entereD.
Petruk cave’s name is taken from the punokawan of puppet characters that is Petruk. The cave Named
Petruk cave because the length of cave is as long as petruk’s nose.
In the cave there are 3 floors that are the first is a basic cave, Hindu caves and Petruk cavE. The base
cave is a short cave which is just 100 meters away. The cave is used for tourist attractions. Hindu cave is
part of the cave that is usually used to put offerings to the ancestor. Inside Petruk cave there are so many
stalactites and stalagmites which are really awesomE. If you want to explore this cave, you must be led
by guides who are ready to take you through the cavE. After arriving at the end of the cave, you can see
the beach or waterfall located near at the end of the cave

14. What is the text purpose?

A. To inform readers about tourism in Kebumen
B. To entertain reader about Petruk Cave
C. To explain the reader about floors in Petruk Cave
D. To Introduce The Local tourism in Kebumen
E. To describe Petruk Cave
15. Why did Petruk cave named as one of character in Punokawan puppet?
A. Because the cave is belong to Petruk
B. Because Petruk is the first explorer of the cave
C. Because Petruk is buried at the cave
D. Because the cave’s length is as long as Petruk’s nose
E. Because the cave’s depth is as deep as Petruk’s hair
16. Which part of Petruk Cave which used for place to put foods for ancestor?
A. In the basic cave
B. In petruk cave
C. In Hindu cave
D. In front of the cave
E. Inside the cave
17. What is stalactites means?
A. A type of formation that hangs from the ceiling of caves
B. Types of formation that lay on the floor of caves
C. Types of food given to ancestor
D. Someone who guide the visitor in the cave
E. Kind of animals in the cave
18. What is “lead” means in paragraph 2?
A. Guide
B. Take
C. Bring
D. Put
E. Plac

Natural Bridge National Park is luscious tropical rainforest.

It is located 110 kilometers from south of Brisbane and is reached by following the Pacific Highway to
Nerang and then by travelling through the Numinbah Valley. This scenic roadway lies in the shadow of
Lamington National Park.
The phenomenon of the rock formed into a natural ‘arch’ and the cave through which a waterfall cascades
is a short one-kilometer walk below a dense rainforest canopy from the main picnic areA. Swimming is
permitted in the rock pools. Night-time visitors to the cave will discover the unique feature of the glow
worms. Picnic areas offers toilets, barbeque, shelter sheds, water and fireplaces; however, overnight
camping is not permitted.

19. What is the function of paragraph 1?

A. as an identification
B. as an orientation
C. as a thesis
D. as a classification
E. as an abstract

20. The text above is in form of………….

A. hortatory exposition
B. narrative
C. description
D. report
E. explanation

21.What is the communicative purpose of the text?

A. to present two points of views about natural bridge national park
B. to explain the bridge national park
C. to describe the bridge national park
D. to retell the bridge national park
E. to persuade readers to treat preserve the bridge nationl park

22. Where is the natural bridge national park located?

A. 110 kilometers from South of Brisbane
B. 110 kilometers from Pacific Highway
C. 110 kilometers from Numinbah Valley
D. 110 kilometers from Lamington National Park
E. 110 kilometers from Nerang

23. What the visitors will see in the night?

A. a common glow worm
B. the unique feature of the glow worms
C. a great dark cave
D. the unique rocks
E. the fantastic bridge

24. The word ‘luscious’ in the text means………..

A. succulent
B. dense
C. dull
D. dry
E. arid

Natural Bridge National Park is luscious tropical rainforest.

It is located 110 kilometers from south of Brisbane and is reached by following the Pacific Highway to
Nerang and then by travelling through the Numinbah Valley. This scenic roadway lies in the shadow of
Lamington National Park.
The phenomenon of the rock formed into a natural ‘arch’ and the cave through which a waterfall cascades
is a short one-kilometer walk below a dense rainforest canopy from the main picnic areA. Swimming is
permitted in the rock pools. Night-time visitors to the cave will discover the unique feature of the glow
worms. Picnic areas offers toilets, barbeque, shelter sheds, water and fireplaces; however, overnight
camping is not permitted.

25. What is the function of paragraph 1?

A. as an identification
B. as an orientation
C. as a thesis
D. as a classification
E. as an abstract

26. The text above is in form of ………….

A. hortatory exposition
B. narrative
C. description
D. report
E. explanation
27. What is the communicative purpose of the text?
A. to present two points of views about natural bridge national park
B. to explain the bridge national park
C. to describe the bridge national park
D. to retell the bridge national park
E. to persuade readers to treat preserve the bridge nationl park

Masjid Sultan Suriansyah is a historical mosquE. Built 300 years ago, this building is the oldest mosque in
South Kalimantan. The mosque is located in the North Kuin Village of Banjarmasin. It was built in the
reign of Sultan Suriansyah known as Pangeran SamuderA. He was the first Banjarnese King who
converted into Islam. This mosque was found on the bank of the Kuin River, near KampungKraton, which
was destroyed by the Dutch colonial.
The construction of Masjid Sultan Suriansyah was uniquE. The roof is layereD. It took the Banjar’s past
architecture before Islam camE. Different from any other old mosques in Banjar, the mihrab has its own
roof, separated from the main building.

28. Masjid Sultan Suriansyah was constructed in the era of ….

A. Banjar people
B. Dutch colonial
C. Kalimantan King
D. Sultan Suriansyah
29. What is mainly discussed in the text?
A. A king reign
B. A palace complex
C. An Islamic location
D. A historical mosque
30. From the text we know that ….
A. Some construction of the mosque takes the local style
B. Banjar people burned down the mosque
C. There is nothing special from this mosque
D. The Dutch colonial built the mosque