Republic of the Philippines

PANGASINAN STATE UNIVERSITY

WRITTEN REPORT
IN
FOUNDATION OF EDUCATION I

“SOCIOLOGICAL FOUNDATIONS:
SOCIAL PROBLEMS”

PREPARED BY:

ACE A. EVANGELISTA
TOPIC: “SOCIAL PROBLEMS”

Sociology
It is the study of human beings living in groups, of how people act and
interact under different social situations, and how they relate themselves to one
another.

Social Problems
A. Drug Addiction
Drug addiction is both serious national and international problem.
Causes
a. Membership in a “barkada”. If the members of a barkada are
drug addicts, any incoming member will eventually become
drug addict too because of the influence of the old
members.
b. Overuse. A drug may be taken by a patients as a pain
reliever but because of constant use, the patient becomes
addicted to the drug
c. Curiosity. Some persons, especially the young ones, are
curious about the effects of a drug and they experiment
using it. Later, they become habituated to use of the drug.
d. Frustration. Some persons who are highly frustrated may take
drugs to lessen the impact of their disappointment and
depression.
e. Victim of Pusher. Some persons, especially women and
children, become victims of a pusher. The pusher gives them
free food and drinks under the guise of friendship and
kindness until they become habituated to the drug.
f. Removal of inhibition. Some persons may be inhibited to do
something under their normal consciousness; consequently,
they take the drugs to weaken the inhibition.
g. Boredom. This is especially true with rich people who have
high incomes from their investments or inheritance. They do
not need to work and are idle most of the time. Because of
idleness, they become bored and to lessen their boredom,
they take drugs.
h. Ignorance. Ignorance of the evil effects of drugs may lead a
person to take drugs to enjoy the feeling of being “high” until
he becomes addicted.
i. Easy to access to drugs. When drugs are easily available,
some people are tempted to try taking them. Then they
become addicted.
Evil Effects of Drug
a. The personality of the addict becomes disorganized. His
mental powers fail to recognize logical relationships and are
discordant.
b. His physical health also deteriorates. He looks messy,
haggard, and malnourished because he loses his appetite to
eat.
c. The more he is addicted, the more he craves for the drugs.
When he runs out of money to buy the drug, he resorts to
 stealing or even killing to procure it. Thus, he becomes a
menace to society.
B. Juvenile Delinquency
Juvenile delinquency as the term connotes the commission of anti-
social acts by young persons, usually minors.
Juvenile delinquency may be in the form of disobedience, theft,
robbery, holdups, rape, prostitution, etc.
Causes
a. Congestion
b. Frustration
c. Joining a gang
d. Psychological needs
e. Poverty
f. Idleness
g. Lack of spiritual and moral values.
C. Lack of Peace and Order
The occurrence of gloomy picture may be attributed of the
following causes:
a. Ideology. Some Filipinos have embraces the communistic
ideology. They want to wrest control of government by all means
so that they can push through with their program of government.
b. Poverty. Because of extreme necessity of basic needs especially
food, some people resort to petty thefts, jewelry snatchings,
holdups especially in jeepneys, buses, and taxis, and robbery.
c. Get-rich-quick mentality. Some people have this mentality and
they engage in bank holdups and robberies, kidnaps for ransom,
and carnappings from which they get away with hundreds of
thousands and millions of pesos. Graft and corruption in the
government is rampant too.
d. Lack of Spiritual and moral values. People with rich spiritual and
moral values rarely commit crimes against others. It is the
unprincipled individuals who consider that what yours and mine
are also theirs.
e. Ineffective law enforcement. When criminality is rampant it
means that the law enforcement is ineffective. This is because
the wrong doers get away free and unpunished.
D. Sex Problems
a. Premarital relations. Having sexual relations before legal
marriage.
b. Extra-marital relations. Married people having sexual relations
with others not their spouses.
c. Frigidity and impotence. Frigidity is the absence of sexual desire
on the part of a woman and impotence is the failure of erection
of the male organ. If the woman is frigid and the man is sexually
impotent, sexual incompatibility results. The sexual desire of a
partner cannot be satisfied by the other.
d. Prostitution. A woman is paid immediately
Sex Problems in the Country
1. Incest. Sexual intercourse between father and daughter, mother
and son, brother and sister.
2. Wife-swapping. Exchanging of wives.
3. Hippie-family. Several men and women living together intimately
and having sexual relations among themselves.
 4. Homosexuality. Sexual attraction to the same sex.
5. Nymphomania. Very extreme sexual desire in women.
Causes of Sex Problems
1. Trial marriage
2. Contraceptives
3. Poverty
4. Congestion
5. Influence of movie stars
6. Desire for luxury
7. Working women
8. Lewd shows
9. Women’s lib
10. Weakening of close family ties
11. Accessibility of hotels and motels
12. A spouse working abroad
13. Lack of strong spiritual and moral values.
Negative Effects of Sex Problems
1. Untimely pregnancy. This is the result of premarital sex
relationship. If a boy does not want to wed the girl, it is a big
problem for her and her family. Since honor is involved, the girl
may resort in her death. In some cases, the girl commits suicide.
2. Broken Home. If a husband or wife engages in extramarital
relations and other one discovers this, the spouses may end up
separating from each other. Their children will suffer the effects
of the separation.
3. Venereal diseases and/or AIDS. Venereal diseases and AIDS
often afflict people who are engaged in prostitution. There is also
transmission of the disease in extra-marital relations. The ordinary
venereal diseases are curable but so far, no drug has been
found yet to cure AIDS.
E. Population Explosion
Population in the Philippines is increasing by leaps and bounds.
Causes
1. Values and beliefs
2. Medical consciousness
3. Ignorance of Birth control methods
4. Poverty
Negative Effects of Overpopulation
1. Poverty
2. Retarded national economy
F. Poverty
Causes
1. Overpopulation
2. Calamities
3. Unemployment
4. Graft and corruption
Naturally, the effects of poverty are deprivation of even the basic
necessities of life, low quality of life, low education, low morale,
feeling of insecurity, malnutrition, and theft and robberies.
G. Gambling
Legal ir illegal, gambling is a problem. the more common forms of
gambling are gambling in the casino, jueteng, cockfighting, and
card games.
 Causes
1. Recreation
2. Strong belief in “luck”
3. Get-rich-quick mentality
4. Lack of strong spiritual and moral values.
Negative Effects of Gambling
1. Some people becomes impoverished because of gambling
2. They lose fortunes especially if luck is not on their side.
3. Excessive gambling at night causes deterioration in the health of
individual.
4. Since gambling has no economic value, time spent in it is useless

REFLECTION:

Social problems are the issues that directly or indirectly affect the majority
or all the members of a society. Social problems affect the fabric of the
community and they lie beyond the control of one individual no matter how
much the power he or she holds. Some of the social issues that are considered
as problems are violence, pollution, injustice and many others.
For a social issue to be classified as a problem, it must be getting attention
from the public. There must be some public outcry about the issue. The issue
must also have a gap between social ideals and social reality. It must run
counter to the values of society at large. It must also get the concern of the
majority in society. The condition that is to be called a problem should have the
capability to get a solution through the collective action of the general public.
It is hard to find solutions or to implement recommendations for many
social problems. This is because; social problems affect a vast majority of the
population of the society. These people are all being affected by the problem in
different ways hence each has a different suggestion of the solution to the
problem. Implementation of recommendations is equally as hard since
everyone being affected is supposed to take part and this does not necessarily
happen.