India: On The Edge of Decline

Scholarly Research Journal for Humanity Science & English Language,
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PEER REVIEWED & REFERRED JOURNAL, JUNE-JULY, 2019, VOL- 7/34
INDIA: ON THE EDGE OF DECLINE
Rajni Bala1, Ph. D. & Alisha Gill2

1
Assistant Professor, Ramgarhia College of Education, Phagwara, Punjab
E-mail Id: [email protected]
2
Researcher, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab E-mail Id: [email protected]
Abstract
We all are continuously talking about the freedom of women and her developing status in the present
society. But by analysing the daily cases covered by the media proved that the position of women in
this era of globalization is still pathetic. Still women are brutally raped, harassed and murdered by
the people. We have various examples which prove the pathetic condition of women. In 2012,
Nirbhaya was brutally gang raped in a moving bus in Delhi. According to the National Crime
Records Bureau (NCRB) 2013 annual report, 24,923 rape cases were reported across India in 2012.
In August 2013, a 22-year-old photojournalist, who was interning with an English-language
magazine in Mumbai, was gang-raped by five persons, including a juvenile, when she had gone to the
deserted Shakti Mills compound, near Mahalaxmi in South Mumbai, with a male colleague on an
assignment. On 14 March 2015, a 71-year-old nun was allegedly gang-raped in Ranaghat, West
Bengal by intruders at Convent of Jesus and Mary. NCRB said that 34,651 rapes were reported in
2015 across the country. On 29 March 2016, the corpse of Delta Meghwal, a 17 year old Dalit girl,
was found in her hostel's water tank. Following the registration of the police case the hostel warden,
physical education teacher and principal were arrested by Bikaner police and kept under judicial
custody. The Tribune; India’s largest newspaper said that according to the NCRB in 2017, a total of
38,947 cases of rape were registered in the country under Protection of Children from Sexual
Offences Act (POCSO) as well as Section 376 and other related sections of the Indian Penal Code. In
june, 2017, a 14-year-old was reported as having been raped by six minors and then thrown from a
train. A 19-year-old mother with an eight-month-old baby was gang raped in Gurugram’s Manesar in
a shared auto. On May 9,2017; the decomposing body of a woman was found near the Industrial
Model of Township in Rohtak. A young girl of eight years was sexually assaulted by her Uncle. Four
women were gang-raped on the Jewar-Bulandshahr road, off the Yamuna Expressway. A seven-year-
old, who was sleeping next to her mother, was picked up from her house in Amreha Budawan village
in UP and raped. A 26-year-old woman from Sikkim was raped by three men in a moving car on the
Delhi-Gurgaon border. A 45-year-old man was arrested in Mangaluru's Sasihitlu area of Suratkal on
the charge of sexually abusing a minor daughter who later gave birth to a girl child, Police said. In
April 2017, a physically challenged minor girl was raped inside the Lord Jagannath Temple, said the
police. The incident happened after the girl went inside for “darshan” and the temple was more or
less deserted. Only in 2018 there are various cases of rapes registered. An eight-year-old innocent
girl was brutally raped for days in kathua, named Asifa. She was sedated, tortured before finally
killing her inside a temple. 13-year-old boy allegedly raped a nine-year-old girl at his home in
Mainpuri, Uttar Pradesh. A 25-year-old man raped and then killed a 10-year-old in Chhattisgarh
during a wedding. In Nagaon district in Assam, an 11-year-old girl was raped and then burnt alive. A
four-month-old baby was raped and murdered in the Rajwada area. A 17 years old girl was rapped
by the boys on bike while returning from bank. There is wide discrepancy among reports of rape and
sexual assault. For example, according to the People's Union for Civil Liberties (PUCL), the majority
Copyright © 2017, Scholarly Research Journal for Interdisciplinary Studies
Dr. Rajni Bala & Alisha Gill
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of those assaulted in 2007 were poor women from remote areas and Dalits. SR Darapuri of the PUCL
alleged, "I analysed the rape figures for 2007 and I found that 90% of victims were Dalits and 85% of
Dalit rape victims were underage girls." Darapuri allegations do not match with the data compiled by
National Crime Records Bureau of India, which found 6.7% of rape and sexual assault victims were
Dalits in 2007. The rape cases which were reported in 2008 were 21,467 ; in 2009 , 21,397 cases ; in
2010, 22,,172 cases; in 2011, 24,206. In 2019, A woman from Agra was allegedly raped inside an
apartment in Greater Noida by two men after she was brought there on the pretext of getting her a
job. A three-year-old girl was allegedly raped by a 15-year-old youth at Barondha village in Madhya
Pradesh's Satna district, police said. The incident occurred this morning when the accused, a student
of class 8, allegedly lured the victim under some pretext to an agriculture field and raped her, a
police officer said. Shilpa Shinde who is the Bollywood actress, gets rape threats for supporting
Navjot Singh Sidhu against Pulwama attack. The national registry of sex offenders, maintained by the
National Crime Records Bureau, has a database of offenders convicted under charges of rape, gang
rape, POCSO and eve teasing. "As of now, we have uploaded details of over five lakh sex offenders,"
a senior Home Ministry official said. The news covered by The new Indian express, A day after the
brutal murder of 20-year-old Sri Dharani at Guntupalli Buddhist caves in Kamavarapu Kota mandal,
police on Monday said they suspected the role of three men in it. The investigators were trying to
ascertain if the girl was raped before she was killed. The Punjab Police has arrested two men who
had allegedly gang-raped a 21-year-old woman in Ludhiana district. The victim had alleged that she
was gang raped by at least 10 men after she and her friend were attacked and abducted.Both were
taken in their car to an isolated plot in the Issewal area of Ludhiana district and the woman was gang
raped while her friend was held captive. Rape is considered to be, one of the most heinous crimes
towards the individual and its individuality. Number of rape cases are increasing daily that shows
crime against women is still unstoppable. In modern times, one side everybody is talking about the
empowerment of women and on the other side women are brutally raped. Thousands years ago manu
said that women should behave the slave of man. Man should control woman; physically and
mentally. And we all see the same thing happened with women in modern times. The condition of
women is not changed. Still woman is trying to raise her voice for freedom and equality.
Scholarly Research Journal's is licensed Based on a work at www.srjis.com
Not only rape, there are other crimes which are regularly reported by the government against
women. Murders, dowry deaths, honour killings, Female foeticide, and Sex-Selective
Abortion, insult to modesty, Human Trafficking and Forced Prostitution, domestic violence,
forced and child marriage, acid throwing, perpetuation, kidnapping. Sexual offence, including
its most extreme form, rape, in India is widespread. As women is a sufferer and they are
suffering a lot in every field and every place. Today women are doing jobs in different areas
and sometimes they should have to work outside the house for betterment of their financial
status. The number of registered cases of sexual harassment at the workplace rose by 54%
from 2014 to 2017, according to data presented in Lok Sabha. As many as 70% women said
they did not report sexual harassment because they are afraid of percussions, according to a

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survey of harassment at workplace conducted by the Indian Bar Association in 2017.One

particular problem is that the range of extremely violent crimes against women is large and
the official categories are unbelievably foul—acid attacks, ‗deaths caused by acts done with
intent to cause miscarriage‘, cruelty by husband or his relatives, dowry deaths, abetment of
suicide of women, causing miscarriage without women‘s consent, human trafficking, besides
rape and gang rape.This means sexual harassment at the workplace is increases. Yet, it is
undoubtedly a growing problem. Sexual harassment is classed by the government under the
broad category of ‗assault on women to intent to outrage her modesty‘.This broad category
also includes ‗assault or use of criminal force to women with intent to disrobe‘, plain ‗insult
to modesty‘, voyeurism and stalking. So, clearly, the definition is pretty comprehensive—as
indeed are the specific provisions with regard to sexual assault at the workplace.But it makes
little sense to isolate sexual harassment at the workplace from other gender-related crimes.
And when all crimes against women are taken together, according to the home ministry‘s
records, there number is 338,954 in 2016, roughly the same as in 2014, with a tiny dip in
2015.As far as sexual assault goes, there were around 27,500 reported cases in 2016 alone.
But tragedy is only 30% of women complain against sexual harassment. We are talking of
around 70% of women who do not complain against sexual harassment. A very rough back-
of-the-envelope figure of 100,000 sexual assaults a year—or 275 cases every single day—
should be unacceptable in any society.And even this figure is very conservative, if one takes
into account an article in Mint, which mentiona that 99% of sexual assaults (all sexual
assaults, not just in the workplace) in India go unreported. It is all very intimidating that the
situation of the woman is still miserable. In society, even today, the status of a woman is low.
Because of that she is not getting respect anywhere. Even our film industry cant stop itself to
aware the people of nation about the pathetic condition of women in this modern era of
women empowerment. Like, Pink movie shows the working status of women in present India
and also tell us the worst condition of women who are staying outside their home.
India is a secular nation but only in documents. We are still the slaves of the caste system
which shows the worst condition of India. Undoubtedly India is the developing nation at the
international level. But that growth is only in papers, but the reality is we are still suffering
from the worst condition which includes castesim, unemployment, worst condition of
women, unawareness. We regularly hear the news that in India violence is held against
downtrodden in various areas. In this modern times downtrodden are the suffers. Despite of
various provisions given by Indian constitution to the downtrodden. These people are not
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enjoying freedom. Society‘s reaction to Dalit progress can be gauged from the settings and
details of several caste crimes. Whether it was the attack in Rajasthan where a Dalit groom
rode a horse, in Odisha when Dalits decided to vote against the sarpanch‘s candidate, in
Biharwhen a DJ played music at a Dalit wedding, the social boycott of Dalits in Andhra
Pradesh for installing a statue of Ambedkar, or the alleged murder of a Dalit man in Kerala
for marrying a woman from an affluent family, violence against Dalits seems to flare in
places where social progress has led Dalits to narrow some historic caste differences and
approximate what the traditionally privileged segments of the society see as their
entitlements. Dalits, long victim to a caste-based system of social hierarchy that regards them
as ‗untouchables‘, comprise around 17 per cent of India‘s total population. Dalits still face
severe hardship and exclusion from mainstream society, with prejudicial attitudes and
practices underlying much of Indian society today. In November 2015, for instance, after
devastating floods swept through Tamil Nadu, hundreds of Dalit families who lost their
homes and livelihoods found themselves neglected by government relief efforts. In January
2016, for example, a deaf-mute Dalit woman was gang-raped and thrown from a train in
Uttar Pradesh, and at the beginning of February 2016 when a man was arrested for raping a
deaf-mute Dalit girl in Berhampur, Odisha. With a total of 33,655 cases in 2012, 39,408 cases
in 2013 and 47,064 cases in 2014-the rising cases of atrocities on Dalits show that India
doesn't treat more than the substantial chunk of its population well. On 21 April 2010, 18
Dalit homes were burnt and two Dalits—17-year old Suman and her 60-year old father Tara
Chand—were burnt alive. The incident happened after a dog barked at Rajinder Pali, son of a
Jat while he was passing by Balmiki colony at night on his bike. On 11 July, 1996, 21 Dalits
were slaughtered by Ranvir Sena militiamen in Bathani Tola, Bhojpur, Bihar. Among the
dead were 1 man, 11 women, six children and three infants, who were deliberately singled
out by the attackers. On 1 December 1997, Ranvir Sena gunned down 58 Dalits at
Laxmanpur Bathe. On January 5, 2006, Bant Singh, Mazhabi, Dalit Sikh, was attacked and
beaten by unknown assailants. On September 29, 2006, four members of the Bhotmange
family belonging to the Mahar community were killed by a mob of 40 people belonging to
the Maratha Kunbi caste in Kherlanji, a small village in Bhandara district of Maharashtra. On
May 16, 2015 in Nagaur district in Rajasthan, three dalits were crushed under tractor by Jats
over a decade old land dispute. In 1991, a young dalit graduate was beaten up after his feet
unintentionally touched a Reddy man in a Cinema hall. On 25 December 1968, the powerful
landlords of village Kilvenmani killed 44 people including five men, 16 women and 23
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children. The victims were dalits working on the fields of these landlords. On 20 October
2015, two children Vaibhav 3 and Divya (nine month old) were charred to death. On October
9, A dalit family was stripped naked on road including a woman. Gautam and his brothers
were robbed on gun point on Tuesday evening while they were watering their farmland.
Even in 2018, Indian society doesn‘t seem to get rid of caste based discrimination and
violence. The National Crime Records Bureau data for 2015 and 2016 showed that the
number of crimes reported against Dalits had risen from 38,670 to 40,801, with Uttar
Pradesh, Bihar and Rajasthan with most instances of crimes against Scheduled Caste
people.On 7 May 2017 , In Deri village of Madhya Pradesh, a Dalit groom, Prakash Bansal,
is allegedly beaten up on his way to the wedding venue by four upper caste men for ‘daring’
to ride a decorated car to his wedding. On June 2017 ,A farm worker, Mareppa Harijan,
and his son Ningappa, from Haligondakanal village in Karnataka were tied to a tree and
beaten up by another villager, who suspected Ningappa had eloped with his daughter. On
September 2017 ,Two Dalit men from a village near Gandhinagar in Gujarat areallegedly
thrashed by members of Rajput community for ―sporting a moustache‖. On 30 September
2017 ,In Gangur village of Karnataka, five Dalits were assaulted during the Vijayadashami
procession. Violence breaks out as backlash from the upper castes, who had prohibited entry
of Dalits in the village temple, only to be overruled by the police. In July 2016, in Una town
of Junagadh district, two young Dalits who were skinning the carcasses of cows that they had
been asked to collect were accused of killing the cows and beaten brutally. Relatives of a
young girl belonging to an Other Backward Classes community suspected that she had eloped
with a Dalit youth in Akoladi village. On the morning of September 13, 2012, a mob armed
with weapons and kerosene descended on the house of the youth, who was sleeping inside.
The newly elected Dalit sarpanch of Loliya, who refused to toe the line of the dominant non-
Dalit Bharwal caste in the village, was tormented because he faced caste-related harassment
on a daily basis to the extent that his harassers were finally externed from the village.
Enraged by this, they murdered him one morning in 2014 when he was in the fields. A Dalit
girl, 15, of Sobhavad village was dragged to her school library and raped. Soon, the friend of
the attacker, too, raped her, threatening to expose her ordeal with the first accused. May 26,
2015, a cousin visiting the girls on a religious occasion was also raped by the accused by
threatening to expose the video of her two cousins. On December 25, 2015, Laljibhai, who
lived at Vadli village with his family of seven, was about to shut his door for the night when a
non-Dalit man appeared and abused him verbally and physically and abducted his daughter.
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Satish Rathod of Maua village earned his living by driving a rickshaw. A few non-Dalits
approached him to borrow money, which he refused. On May 12, 2016, Rathod sold his old
rickshaw with planned to buy a new one. On September 22, 2016, members of a Dalit family
were attacked in Mota Karja village for refusing to remove the carcass of a dead animal.
Pravinbhai Rathod of Tadaja village was killed on October 17, 2016, because he refused to
lend money to a non-Dalit man. On Diwali day, November 4, 2016, two Patel men beat Dalit
children in Maniyari village for lighting crackers by saying that celebration of Diwali by
Dalits was not tolerated by them. A 25-year-old Dalit man had gone to a soda shop at
Hodthali village on November 15, 2016, when a non-Dalit man insulted him and asked him
to leave the place. A non-Dalit man‘s buffalo died in Par village and he asked the Dalits in
the village to remove it. But they refused to do so, as this happened in the wake of the Una
incident: they told him to dispose of the carcass himself. On April 16, 2017, a Dalit passing
by a tubewell project in Meta village took photographs of the site for some reason. This
enraged the contractors who beat the man so mercilessly that he died. On April 18, 2017,
Dalits who were part of the celebrations at the opening of a new temple in Malanpur village
were segregated at meal time and given separate plates. A Dalit woman went every day to
non-Dalit homes in Vadavalli village to collect vadu, or leftover food. On May 14, 2017, five
Thakur men grabbed her at night with intent to rape but were forced to let her go following
her loud protests. On September 25, 2017, just as celebrations of 85 years of the Poona Pact
were on, two Dalit youths were assaulted by Kshatriyas in Limbodra village, 15 kilometres
from the State capital. The reason: they had dared to sport a moustache. On October 1, 2017,
Dalits at Bhadraniya village had gone to watch the garba dance at a temple. At 4 a.m., a Patel
man abused them for sitting near the temple. On February 16, 2018, Bhanubhai Vankar
immolated himself in protest against unnecessary delays by the Revenue Department. A
former revenue official, he was helping fellow Dalits get ownership of their land in Dudhka
village. Nanjibhai, a young Dalit man from Manekwada village, encouraged his wife to fight
the panchayat election and she won. Nanjibhai was under constant threat ever since he filed
an application under the Right to Information Act for information on certain corrupt practices
in the panchayat. A 21-year-old Dalit man was hacked to death at Timbi village on March 29.
His fault was that he used to ride a horse and continued to do so even though non-Dalits had
told him to not to do that. There are various other incidents which are happened daily against
the Dalits in India. Recently one more incident reported by a newspaper that the nose of the
dalit was cut because of taking meal with upper caste people in a wedding. The navbharat
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times newspaper reported a news in which the condition of Dalits mentioned, in ahmedabaad
Dalits were beaten because they bought new clothes on the occasion of new year. These all
incidents against the Dalits are increasing day by day. As the hindu literature, Dalits were
born from the feet of Bhrama. But scientifically there is no prove of such type of things.
There is still a question that why those people are suffering the caste discrimination and on
which basis? Now the time has come to find the answer of this question.
India, not only become the hub of caste discrimination and worst condition of women. But it
also the hub of various types of scandals which put India on the edge of decline. In 2006,
Abhishek was accused of receiving kickbacks of approximately $200 million, through a $4-5
billion Indian military deal involving the Indian government‘s purchase of six Scorpène-class
submarines. Further, in 2012, the CBI raided his residence and establishments after
registration of multiple cases of corruption and money laundering against him and his wife.
He was arrested in 2012. In 2012, the Karnataka State Minorities Commission submitted a
report alleging that 27,000 acre of land controlled by the Karnataka Wakf Board had either
been embezzled or allocated illegally. The said property was supposed to be donated to the
underprivileged and poor through the Muslim charitable trust.This scam seems to be straight
out of a Hollywood movie. In 2002, Abdul Karim Telgi was charged for counterfeiting stamp
paper in India. He appointed 350 fake agents to sell stamp papers to banks, insurance
companies, and stock brokerage firms. The scam spread across 12 States and the amount
involved was pegged at Rs 200 billion. September 2012 unearthed a scam that involved
bureaucrats, political leaders and several ministers from the ruling political party. The
Comptroller and Auditor General, India‘s audit watchdog, reported inefficient and possibly
illegal allocation of coal blocks between 2004 and 2009.While initially the loss to the
exchequer was pegged at Rs 10.7 lakh crore, the final report stated that the scam amounted to
Rs 1.86 lakh crore. This scam surfaced when it was revealed that the government, in 2008,
had undercharged mobile telephone companies for frequency allocation licences. These
licences are used to create 2G spectrum subscriptions for cell phones. A posh 31-storey
building located in Colaba, Mumbai, was constructed for the welfare of war widows and
personnel of Defence ministry. In 2011, the Comptroller and Auditor General of India
observed that over a period 10 years the society flouted various Environment ministry
rules. It was noted that politicians, bureaucrats and military officers bent several rules
concerning land ownership, zoning, and floor-space index. The Commonwealth Games scam
took India by storm in 2010 involving a pilferage of around Rs 70,000 crore. Since its
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inception, the games were tangled in a maze of corrupt deals. This included inflated
contracts, criminal conspiracy, cheating, and forgery. Dubbed as ‗India’s Enron
scandal‘, the 2009 corporate scam shook the Indian investors and shareholders community.
Ramalinga Raju, the Chairman of Satyam Computer Services, confessed that he had
falsified the company's accounts, inflating the revenue and profit. The fraud involved Rs
14,000 crore. The Bofors scandal is known as the hallmark of Indian corruption. The Bofors
scam was a major corruption scandal in India in the 1980s; when the then PM Rajiv Gandhi
and several others including a powerful NRI family named the Hindujas, were accused of
receiving kickbacks from Bofors AB for winning a bid to supply India‘s 155 mm field
howitzer. If you haven‘t heard of Bihar‘s fodder scam of 1996, you might still be able to
recognize it by the name of ―Chara Ghotala,‖ as it is popularly known in the vernacular
language. In this corruption scandal worth Rs.900 crore, an unholy nexus was traced involved
in fabrication of ―vast herds of fictitious livestock‖ for which fodder, medicine and animal
husbandry equipment was supposedly procured. The Hawala case to the tune of $18 million
bribery scandal, which came in the open in 1996, involved payments allegedly received by
country‘s leading politicians through hawala brokers. From the list of those accused also
included Lal Krishna Advani who was then the Leader of Opposition. Although not
corruption scams, these have affected many people. There is no way that the investor
community could forget the unfortunate Rs. 4000 crore Harshad Mehta scam and over Rs.
1000 crore Ketan Parekh scam which eroded the shareholders wealth in form of big market
jolt. The Satyam scam has been India's biggest accounting scandal so far. The founder of the
company confessed to forging the company's accounts and presenting false information about
revenues, interest liabilities, cash balances and operating profits to the board, regulators,
investors and all other stakeholders and was found guilty for misleading the market. It was
alleged that in a bid to save the UPA coalition government led by Manmohan Singh in 2008,
which had lost the majority after the left parties withdrew support over the India-US civilian
nuclear deal, the MPs of the BJP were bribed. The CBI had arrested a few prominent
politicians in the Saradha group financial scandal. The scheme was more of an informal
banking system or a small saving scheme in which companies raised funds either through
legal ways like collective investment schemes or they forged financial documents such as
teak bonds or fictitious ventures. It targeted people from low-income groups and those with
no access to banking facilities. In February 2012, the Supreme Court cancelled 122
telecommunications licences awarded to companies in 2008. The licences were issued by
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former minister Andimuthu Raja, who is accused of mis-selling bandwidth in what has been
called India's biggest corruption scandal. He is alleged to have issued the frequency licences
on a "first-come, first-served" basis instead of auctioning them. Mr Raja denies wrongdoing.
In March last year, a former aide of Mr Raja, who owned a real estate company, committed
suicide . Auditors estimate the alleged mis-selling of the licences cost the exchequer nearly
$40bn (£24.5bn) in lost revenue in what some analysts are calling India's biggest ever scandal
. The scandal has claimed two other politicians: Mr Raja's colleague in the southern DMK
party, MP, was arrested last year in connection with the scandal; and Textile Minister
Dayanidhi Maran resigned last year following allegations that he coerced the founder of the
mobile phone firm Aircel to sell off his stake to a firm favoured by the minister. He denies
the allegation. In March 2012, army chief Gen VK Singh said a defence industry lobbyist had
offered him a bribe of $2.7m (£1.7m) if the army bought hundreds of trucks that the general
considered "sub-standard". The general's allegation, made in an interview with The Hindu
newspaper , provoked outrage in parliament and Defence Minister AK Antony promised an
investigation. He acknowledged the general had come to him with the allegation more than a
year earlier and asked for a written complaint. The general did not put the complaint in
writing and both men seemed to have dropped the matter. here was uproar in India's
parliament on 17 March 2011 after a leaked cable from the whistle-blowing Wikileaks
website described how a senior Congress aide showed a US embassy official "chests of cash"
allegedly used to bribe MPs to support the government in a crucial vote of confidence in
2008. The vote was over a controversial deal between India and the US which paved the way
for India to massively expand its nuclear power capability. The government's left-wing allies
withdrew support, but Congress narrowly survived the vote. Opposition parties at the time
accused the government of offering cash for votes. In early March 2010 the head of India's
anti-corruption watchdog, PJ Thomas, was forced to resign by the Supreme Court on the
grounds that he himself faces corruption charges. The decision was an embarrassment for
Manmohan Singh because he chaired the committee that cleared his appointment and
publicly supported him.Mr Thomas says the charges - which are 20 years old - are baseless.
He has never been arrested and the charges have also never been tested by a judge in court. In
November 2010 Ashok Chavan, the chief minister of Maharashtra, one of India's most
prosperous states, was forced to quit over his alleged role in a scam involving homes for war
widows . n March 2012, a retired bureaucrat and two former army personnel were charged
with criminal conspiracy, cheating, forgery and criminal misconduct in connection with the
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case. Free India's corruption graph begins. V. K. Krishna Menon, then the Indian high
commissioner to Britain, bypassed protocol to sign a deal worth Rs 80 lakh with a foreign
firm for the purchase of army jeeps. The case was closed in 1955 and soon after Menon
joined the Nehru cabinet.
S.A. Venkataraman, then the secretary, ministry of commerce and industry, was jailed for
accepting a bribe in lieu of granting a cycle import quota to a company.
In one of the first instances of corruption in educational institutions, Benaras Hindu
University officials were accused of misappropriation of funds worth Rs 50 lakh.
The Life Insurance Corporation of India, under the Centre's pressure, bought shares worth Rs
1.2 crore in firms owned by Haridas Mundhra to bail him out of a crunch. The case
compelled T.T. Krishnamachari to resign as finance minister.
Shipping magnate Jayant Dharma Teja took loans worth Rs 22 crore to establish the Jayanti
Shipping Company. In 1960, the authorities discovered that he was actually siphoning off
money to his own account, after which Teja fled the country.Pratap Singh Kairon became the
first Indian chief minister to be accused of abusing his power for his own benefit and that of
his sons and relatives. He quit a year later.
Orissa Chief Minister Biju Patnaik was forced to resign after it was discovered that he had
favoured his privately-held company Kalinga Tubes in awarding a government contract.Well
before the company was set up, former prime minister Indira Gandhi's name came up in the
first Maruti scandal, where her son Sanjay Gandhi was favoured with a licence to make
passengercars. The Indian Oil Corporation signed a Rs 2.2-crore oil contract with a non-
existent firm in Hong Kong and a kickback was given. The petroleum and chemicals minister
was directed to make the purchase.
With the exposure of this scandal concerning A.R. Antulay, then the chief minister of
Maharashtra, The Indian Express was reborn. Antulay had garnered Rs 30 crore from
businesses dependent on state resources like cement and kept the money in a private trust.
HDW, the German submarine maker, was blacklisted after allegations that commissions
worth Rs 20 crore had been paid. In 2005, the case was finally closed, in HDW's favour. A
Swedish firm was accused of paying Rs 64 crore to Indian bigwigs, including Rajiv Gandhi,
then the prime minister, to secure the purchase of the Bofors gun. An attempt was made to
sully V.P. Singh's Mr Clean image by forging documents to allege that he was a beneficiary
of his son Ajeya Singh's account in the First Trust Corp. at St Kitts, with a deposit of $21
million.
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Indian Airlines's (IA) signing of the Rs 2,000-crore deal with Airbus instead of Boeing
caused a furore following the crash of an A-320. New planes were grounded, causing IA a
weekly loss of Rs 2.5 crore.
Harshad Mehta manipulated banks to siphon off money and invested the funds in the
stockmarket, leading to a crash. The loss: Rs 5,000 crore. At the World Economic Forum,
Madhavsinh Solanki, then the external affairs minister, slipped a letter to his Swiss
counterpart asking their government to stop the probe into the Bofors kickbacks. Solanki
resigned when INDIA TODAY broke the story.
Aided by M. Gopalakrishnan, then the chairman of the Indian Bank, borrowers-mostly small
corporates and exporters from the south-were lent a total of over Rs 1,300 crore, which they
never paid back.
As food minister, Kalpnath Rai presided over the import of sugar at a price higher than that of
the market, causing a loss of Rs 650 crore to the exchequer. He resigned following the
allegations. Jharkhand Mukti Morcha leader Shailendra Mahato testified that he and three
party members received bribes of Rs 30 lakh to bail out the P.V. Narasimha Rao government
in the 1993 no-confidence motion.
Pickle baron Lakhubhai Pathak raised a stink when he accused former prime minister P.V.
Narasimha Rao and godman Chandraswami of accepting a bribe of Rs 10 lakh from him for
securing a paper pulp contract.
Former minister of state for communication Sukh Ram was accused of causing a loss of Rs
1.6 crore to the exchequer by favouring a Hyderabadbased private firm in the purchase of
telecom equipment. He, along with two others, was convicted in 2002.
The accountant general's concerns about the withdrawal of excess funds by Bihar's animal
husbandry department unveiled a Rs 950-crore scam involving Lalu Prasad Yadav, then the
state chief minister. He resigned a year later.
C.S. Ramakrishnan, MD, National Fertiliser, and a group of businessmen close to the P.V.
Narasimha Rao regime fleeced the government and took Rs 133 crore from the import of two
lakh tonne of urea, which was never delivered.
The scandal surfaced following CBI raids on hawala operators in Delhi in 1991. But it was
S.K. Jain's diaries that had heads rolling.
Mohammed Azharuddin, till then India's cricket captain, was accused of match-fixing. He
and Ajay Sharma were banned from playing, while Ajay Jadeja and Manoj Prabhakar were
suspended for five years.
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Tehelka, an online news portal, used spycams to catch army officers and politicians accepting
bribes, in their sting operation called Operation Westend. Investigative journalism turned
another corner in the country.
The mayhem that wiped off over Rs 1,15,000 crore in the markets in March 2001 was
masterminded by the Pentafour bull Ketan Parekh. He was arrested in December 2002 and
banned from acccessing the capital market for 14 years.
Under the pretext of gilt trading, Rs 600 crore was swindled from over 25 cooperative banks
in Maharashtra and Gujarat by a Navi Mumbai-based brokerage firm Home Trade. Sanjay
Agarwal, CEO of the firm, was arrested in May 2002.
The sheer magnitude of the racket was shocking-it caused a loss of Rs 30,000 crore to the
exchequer. Disclosures of the mastermind behind it, Abdul Karim Telgi, implicated top
police officers and bureaucrats.
K. Natwar Singh was unceremoniously dropped from the Cabinet when his name surfaced in
the Volcker Report on the Iraq oil-for-food scam. India is a nation where unemployment and
poverty are the biggest problems. Every year, thousands of students awarded by the different
degrees in different areas but there are no jobs for them. Thousands of students commit
suicide and thousands of students are the sufferers of poverty. But nation don‘t have the
proper solutions for those people. And on the other hand some people who do the scams and
scandals in which large amount of money is wasted. Government is not able to take the
proper action against those people. The number of scams is increasing daily. Some are
reported and some are those which are not reported by the government. This shows that the
internal situation of our nation is worst. NDTV reported the biggest scam By vijay mallya,
Vijay Mallya First Person To Be Booked Under New Anti-Financial Fraud Law. Mallya and
his companies have been embroiled in financial scandals, and controversies since 2012.
Mallya left India on 2 March 2016 after saying he wanted to move to Britain to be closer to
his children. A group of 17 Indian banks are trying to collect approximately ₹9,000 crore
(US$1.3 billion) in loans which Mallya has allegedly routed to gain 100% or a partial stake in
about 40 companies across the world. Several agencies including the Income Tax Department
and the Central Bureau of Investigation are investigating Mallya for charges including
financial fraud and money laundering.The 17 banks added a joint petition at the Supreme
Court of India in March 2016 to try to prevent Mallya from leaving the country, but the
Indian government indicated that he had already left. Reliance industries limites is one of the
biggest industry of India. Reliance continues to be India‘s largest exporter, accounting for 8%
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of India's total merchandise exports with a value of Rs 147,755 crore and access to markets in
108 countries.Reliance is responsible for almost 5% of the government of India's total
revenues from customs and excise duty. It is also the highest income tax payer in the private
sector in India. This biggest industry is also included in various scams and scandals. Seminar
magazine (2003) detailed Reliance founder Dhirubhai Ambani's proximity to politicians, his
enmity with Bombay Dyeing's Nusli Wadia, the exposes by the Indian Express and Arun
Shourie about illegal imports by the company and overseas share transactions by shell
companies. As early as 1996, Outlook magazine addressed other controversies related to fake
and switched shares; insider trading; and a nexus with the state-owned Unit Trust of India.
Five main allegations concerning Reliance, and which have plunged the Indian capital
markets into a period of uncertainty unsurpassed since the days of the securities scam were:
Reliance issued fake shares, It switched shares sent for transfer by buyers to make illegal
profits, It has indulged in insider trading in shares,It established a nexus with the Unit Trust
of India to raise huge sums of money to the detriment of UTI subscribers, It attempted to
monopolise the private telecom services market through front companies. The Central Bureau
of Investigation (CBI) filed a chargesheet in a Mumbai court against Reliance Industries
Limited (RIL), in May 2014, ONGC moved to Delhi High Court accusing RIL of pilferage of
18 billion cubic metres from its gas-producing block in the Krishna Godavari basin, A
business jet owned by Reliance Industries (RIL) was grounded by The Directorate General of
Civil Aviation (DGCA) on 22 March 2014 during a surprise inspection. We usually see that
all the scams and scandals are done by the big industries and rich people. Lust for the money
among them is increased daily and the poor people and a normal citizen of India become the
sufferer.
Time to time riots took place in India. It shows that our nation was suffering from the worst
condition. in 1947 when India and Pakistan become independent, 14.5 million people crossed
borders to ensure their safety in an increasingly lawless and communal environment. When
British authority gone, the newly formed governments were completely unequipped to deal
with migrations of such staggering magnitude, and massive violence and slaughter occurred
on both sides of the border along communal lines. Estimates of the number of deaths were
around roughly 500,000, with low estimates at 200,000 and high estimates at one million. In
1969, in Gujrat there were communal riots. The rioting started after an attack on a Hindu
temple in Ahmedabad, but rapidly expanded to major cities and towns of Gujarat. The
violence included attacks on Muslim chawls by their Dalit neighbours. In the 1984, Sikhs in
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Punjab had sought autonomy and complained about domination by the Hindu. Indira Gandhi
government arrested thousands of Sikhs for their opposition and declared Emergency. Indira
Gandhi's attempt to "save democracy" through the Emergency, India's constitution was
suspended, 140,000 people were arrested without due process, of which 40,000 were Sikhs.
During the 1984 anti-Sikh pogroms in Delhi, government and police officials aided Indian
National Congress party worker gangs in "methodically and systematically" targeting Sikhs
and Sikh homes As a result of the pogroms 10,000–17,000 were burned alive or otherwise
killed, Sikh people suffered massive property damage, and at least 50,000 Sikhs were
displaced.Anti- bhramin riots of 1948, pre-existing social tensions between the castes,
resentment among non- bhramins towards the socio political dominance of bhramins in the
region said to be a major cause. Turkman gate demolition and rioting of 1976, killing of delhi
residents who refused to move residence. From 1984 to 1988 in Punjab, there were various
incidents occurred under the anti sikh riots. These are train passenger massacre I, II, III,
Hond-chillar massacre, desri ground massacre, mallian massacre, bus passenger massacre,
jagdev kalan massacre, rajbagh massacre. The number of riots increased time to time.
Bombay riots of 1993, which were the hindu muslim communal riots as an effect of
demolition of babri masjid in ayodhya. Ramabai killings of 1997 in which a team of state
researve police force members fired upon a crowd pretesting the recent desecration of a statue
of Dr.B.R Ambedkar. Laxamanpur bathe massacre of 1997 in which upper caste ranvir sena
enter village at night and kill 58 dalits. Amaranth pilgrim massacre of 2000 in which mostly
women and children were burnt alive. Gujrat violence of 2002, communal violence. Terrorist
were attacked on akshardham temple in 2002, Raghunath temple in 2002, nadimarg in 2003,
kaluchak in 2002, marad in 2003, Varanasi in 2006, doda in 2006, samjhauta express in 2007
and the worst attack by terrorists occurred in 2008 ehich is known as 26/11 in which 11
coordinated attacks by Pakistan terrorists, casualties include people of various nationalities,
and Israeli victims. Maoists were also attacked. Maoist attack in dantewada in 2010, naxal
attack in darbha in 2013. In 2012 there was a violent situation in Assam because of
communal disturbance. Muzaffarnagar riots in 2013, because of communal disturbance
between hindus and muslims. Amaranth yatra attack in 2017 by Lashkar- e- taiba. Haryana
riots in 2017, caused by rape conviction of gurmeet ram Rahim singh, charged honeypreet
insan. The Naxalite–Maoist insurgency is one of the major ongoing porblem in India,between
the Naxalites and and the Indian government. The list of naxal affected states are Orissa 15
districts affected,Jharkhand 14 districts affected, Chhattisgarh 10 districts affected,Bihar 7
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affected districts, Madhya Pradesh 8 affected districts and Maharashtra 2 districts affected.
We all usually hear the news of naxal attacks in different areas of our nations and these
attacks increased time to time. March 11, 2014: 15 security personnel were reported killed in
a Maoist attack in Chhattisgarh‘s Sukma district.February 28, 2014: Maoists attack police
personnel in Dantewada district of Chhattisgarh. Six police officials including an SHO were
killed in the attack.July 2, 2013: The Superintendent of Police for Pakur, Jharkhand and four
other police officials were killed an attack by Naxals in Dumka area in the state.May 25,
2013: In one of the deadliest attacks by Maoists in recent history, 25 leaders from the
Congress party were killed including former state minister Mahendra Karma. Chhattisgarh
Congress chief Nand Kumar Patel was also killed in a Maoist attack in Darbha valley in
Chhattisgarh.October 18, 2012: Maoists kill six CRPF jawans and eight left injured
including a deputy commandant in the force. The naxals adopt the method of ambush by
landmines followed by a gunbattle with the policemen. The attack took place in Gaya
district.June 29, 2010: 26 CRPF jawan killed in Maoist ambush attack in Chhattisgarh‘s
Narayanpur district. Attack was part of a string of large attacks in the year which was one of
the bloodiest in terms of naxal killings.May 8, 2010: Naxals carry out an explosion of a
bullet-proof vehicle in Chhattisgarh‘s Bijapur district. The incident kills eight CRPF
personnel.April 6, 2010: In one of the largest naxal attacks on security personnel, Maoists
killed 75 CRPF personnel in Dantewada district. A state police official was also killed in the
attack.April 4, 2010: The elite anti-naxal force Special Operations Group suffers setback. 11
personnel of the SOG were killed in a landmine blast in Koraput district in Odisha.February
15, 2010: At least 24 personnel of the Eastern Frontier Rifles (EFR) were shot dead by
Maoists when they attacked the EFR camp in Sealdah in West Bengal‘s West Midnapore
district.October 8, 2009: Maoists attack Laheri police station in Maharashtra‘s Gadchiroli
district. The ambush kills 17 policemen and leaves several injured.September 26, 2009: The
sons of BJP MP from Balaghat Baliram Kashyap are killed at Pairaguda village in Jagdalpur
in Chhattisgarh.September 4, 2009: Maoists killed four villagers of Chhattisgarh‘s Bijapur
district. The villagers belonged to Aaded village.July 27, 2009: Naxals triggered a landmine
in Chhattisgarh‘s Dantewada district. The blast kills six persons.July 18, 2009: A villager is
killed by naxals in Bastar. Maoists also torched a vehicle in a separate incident. The vehicle
was being employed for road construction work in Chhattisgarh‘s Bijapur district.June 23,
2009: A group of motorcycle borne armed naxals opened fire in the premises of Lakhisarai
district court in Bihar. They freed four of their comrades including the naxal group‘s zonal
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commander of Ranchi.June 16, 2009: 11 police officers were killed in a landmine attack
carried out by Maoists. The blast was followed up by armed assault. The Maoists, in a
separate attack Maoist ambush by naxals in Beherakhand in Palamau district, Jharkhand. four
policemen were killed and two others were left seriously injured. June 13, 2009: Two
landmine attacks and a bomb blast in Bokaro killed 10 policemen. The attack left several
others severely injured.June 10, 2009: During a routine patrol in Jharkhand‘s Saranda forest
area, nine policemen including officers and CRPF officials were ambushed by naxals.May
22, 2009: Police personnel are attacked by Maoists in jungles in Maharashtra‘s Gadchiroli
district. At least 16 police officials were killed in the attack.April 22, 2009: Maoists carried
out one of the most daring operations. A Maoist party hijacked a train with at least 300
people on board. They then took the train to Jharkhand‘s Latehar district but they had to flee
later.April 13, 2009: Maoists kill 10 paramilitary troops in eastern Odisha. The attacks takes
place near a bauxite mine in Koraput district.July 16, 2008: Naxals killed 21 policemen after
they blew up a police van with a landmine. The attack takes place in Odisha‘s Malkangiri
district.Dantewada 2015,In less than 72 hours, Maoists struck Dantewada thrice killing
seven jawans and blowing up an Anti-Landmine Vehicle of the Chhattisgarh
police.Aurangabad, Bihar (2016), Ten CRPF commandos belonging to its Commando
Battalion for Resolute Action (CoBRA) were killed in an IED blast by Naxalites in the
forests of Bihar‘s Aurangabad district. Four Naxals were also killed in the encounter that
lasted for nearly eight hours. Koraput, Odisha (2017), Seven personnel of the Odisha police
were killed when their vehicle was blown up, allegedly by Maoists, in a landmine blast on
NH 26 near Sunki in Koraput district.The vehicle was transporting a few assistant drivers of
the police department to Cuttack for training. There were 13 passengers, including the driver.
Sukma, Chhattisgarh (2017), Twelve CRPF personnel were killed when they "walked into
an ambush," laid by Maoists in Sukma. The incident took place around 9.15 am when more
than hundred CRPF personnel were on way to provide security to a road construction party.
The troops first came under heavy fire and when they moved to take defensive positions they
tripped on IEDs, which led to serial explosion. Still these attacks are going on. But what is
the reason behind those attacks. It is very important to find the answer of this question. The
main reason of these attacks is, the land of those people is captured by the government
forcefully and those people being tortured. Naxals want to win respect. There are various
other reasons of this movement. Those people suffering with the corrupted local officials.
they call the movement, a revolution and demanding a radical restricting of the social,
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political and economic order.naxalits are basically Dalits and adivasis..they are suffering
from the cultural humiliation, weak access to health care, education and power, restricted and
limited access to natural resources, multifaceted forms of exploitation, social atrocities,
displacement and deficient rehabilitation programs, political marginalization and suppression
of protests. The bad condition of tribal people became worst. So those people want their
rights and they continuously do attacks. This movement is famous among the unemployed
youth of those areas.
India is now on the edge of decline and crime is increasing in India. It is right to say fault
with somewhere in the field of education.We have many examples of this. In 2016, one of
Bihari girl named Ruby Rai, the Arts (Humanities) topper of Bihar state board, was asked to
name the subjects she had studied for scoring an exemplary 444 marks out of 500. Ruby‘s
reply wasn‘t a slip of tongue, she even elucidated that it is a subject pertaining to cooking.
Even before the reprehensible image of Bihar‘s cheating scandal, in which parents climbed
walls of an institute (ironically named after the ‗Nai Talim‘ advocate – Gandhi) to help their
children cheat in 10th Boards examinations faded from world‘s recounting, here was a state
board topper astounding educators with her unfamiliarity of even the name of the subject she
scored the highest marks in, let alone its content. In 2013 one more scandal came in front of
the people of nation i.e India‘s medical education system hit by the scandal. A police
investigation found that a criminal network had gotten hold of a leaked copy of the question
paper and sent the answers to candidates via messaging app WhatsApp during the exam. The
network had provided several candidates (who had each paid up to 2 million rupees) with tiny
Bluetooth devices, vests tagged with micro SIM cards, and wristwatches fitted with cameras,
so that answers could be relayed in real-time to them via wireless devices. Medical students
and doctors were hired to solve the multiple-choice questions. There is another scandal in the
field of education i.e The Vyapam scam was an entrance examination, admission and
recruitment scam that was unearthed in the Indian state of Madhya Pradesh in 2013. It
involved scamsters including politicians, senior and junior officials and businessmen
systematically employing imposters to write papers, manipulate exam hall seating
arrangements and supply forged answer sheets by bribing officials. The scam involved 13
different exams conducted by Vyapam, for selection of medical students and state
government employees (including food inspectors, transport constables, police personnel,
school teachers, dairy supply officers and forest guards) where the final results were rigged.
The exams were taken by around 3.2 million students each year, many of whom were
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actually paid proxies for other undeserving students. It also included an "engine-bogie"
system wherein seating arrangements were manipulated so that a paid smarter student was
seated between two others to allow the latter to copy answers from the former. One of the
major international journal ―the economist‖ published an article ― india has made primary
education universal, but not good.‖ This article stated that India has long had a lopsided
education system. In colonial times the British set up universities to train civil servants, while
neglecting schools. the quality of schools remains a scandal. Many teachers are simply not up
to the job. Since 2011, when the government introduced a test for aspiring teachers, as many
as 99% of applicants have failed each year. Some teachers, having paid bribes to be hired in
the first place, treat the job as a sinecure. India spends about 2.7% of GDP on schools, a
lower share than many countries. Narendra Modi, the prime minister, once vowed to bump up
education spending to 6%. Mr Modi‘s government has made encouraging noises about
toughening accountability and improving curriculums. His promise to create a ―new India‖
will be hollow if his country is stuck with schools from the 19th century. Corruption is not
only demanding in the field of education, corruption has been prominent in the field of
education.
Dr. B. R Ambedkar had compiled the constitution in which we have provision for free and
compulsory education and universalization of education in the constitution in the Article 45
but the target of this article is yet to be achieved.30 crore people of India are illiterate. 2 lakh
schools are without buildings. There is only one teacher each in 1 lakh and 75 thousand
schools. According to Kapil Sibbel report 36 crore children leave their schools after 5th class.
13 crore children have not seen the face of schools yet. Higher education is out of the range
for the poor people because it is very expensive. In our constitution the provision was made
that free and compulsory education will be provided within 10 years from the commencement
of the constitution but till now this target has not been achieved rather we are far away from
the achievement of this aim. Sarva Shiksha abhiyan is going on, which shows that we still are
behind to achieve what our ancestors had thought of.thre is provision of Right to Education in
the constitution but it is being snatched by making higher education costly in a country like
India where according to Sen Gupta report 87% people are leading life below poverty
line.they are earning Rs. 6,11 and 20 per head daily. Mostly people are earning 6 Rs. Perday.
How can such people be able to get higher education so unwillingly they are bound to opt for
labour work then how can we say that we are democratic where only rich people are able to
have higher education. The original inhabitatnts of India were not allowed to take education
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and they were in majority i.e 85%. Now those are called SC/BC/minorirties,weaker sections
including women. Primary education is being made unimportant by not giving much attention
to govt. schools. Those are on the edge of decline. Higher education is being made costly. Is
it possible for the 87% people who are earning Rs 6-20 daily per head to educate their
children in private schools in which fees is high? Tina Munim Ambani opened a school in
which she is charging Rs. 4 lakh per head at K.G level. Only 10% people are entering higher
education in India. 93% downtrodden dropout in higher education, where is the justice?i
India is having 25 lakh temples in India and 14 lakh schools. The nation of Sarasvati and
Lakshmi is going to be kangal. It happened during last 20 years. Crime, murders, rapes,
unemployment scandals, corruption. This is because of the implementation of the policy of
LPG.justice of human rights commission Sh.A.S Anand said that during last 20 years 2 and
half time number of prisoners increased than the capacity of jails because unemployed think
in jails they can have meal at least. In India 60 thousand tone wheet is destroyed every year in
godowns but on the other hand 24 crore people are the victims of hunger. In such cases how
the will power can be made strong?according to one survey India is one of 8 corrupt nations.
728$ (kharab of Rs of India) is deposited in Swiss banks with illegal way. 72% farmers are
facing financial crises. Inflation rate has increases upto 11.4% in India. Cases of crores of Rs.
Have been filled against leaders. Youth of India of the age group 17-30 is involved in crime.
During 1990-1991, policy of LPG (liberalization, privatization and globalization) was
introduced. Due to this policy education is being privatised. But privatised has not led to any
improvements in the standards of education whether it is of higher level, professional level or
primary level. Private institutions are given so much independence. This world leads to
plethora of problems such as high fee structure, capitation fee, exploitation of teachers etc.
with the advent of privatisation, there has been an enormous growth in the number of private
professional institutions but this is at the cost of quality of education. Students facing the
burden of commercialization and corruption.93% students specially downtrodden dropout in
higher education. Only 10% of the total student population enters higher education in India as
compared to 15% in China and 50% in the major industrial countries. This is only because of
higher education is expensive and condition of primary education is worse in India. 30 crore
people are illiterate in India.
Is privatisation possible in India? Where two and half crore women are involved in sex work
only for rearing their children; 10 lakh poor children die after falling down in gutters because
they are living near gutters. 1 crore children are bonded labourers. Their age is below 12
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years and they have to work upto 16 to 18 hours. 4 crore people are victims of T.B. 16 crore
women do not take bath for many days because they do not have soap and water. 60
thousands crore ton of wheat which is destroyed every year in godowns but on the other hand
24 crore people are victims of hunger and starvation . crores of people are homeless. They are
living under open sky. Many women are compelled to be serogative mothers due to their
poverty. Rate of unemployment, poverty and crime is increased. Free sim cards are being
provided. All kind of technology has reached house of common man at low rate but education
is costly which is the greatest investment for the development of a country. In our
constitution it was stated that 6% of GDP will be spent on education. But now rate of
expenditure on education is less than 2%. Education is the property of a nation. But India has
lost its property.
According to multinational poverty India (2010) the position of poverty in 8 states of India is
more dangerous than 26 African countries. The number of poor people is 41 crore in 26
African countries and the number of poor people in 8 states of India is 42.8crore. These 8
states are Bihar, Uttarpradesh, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand Madhyapradesh ,Odissa, Rajasthan
and West Bengal. Lndia is going to be number one in relation to poverty and starvation .ln
1947 South Korea was number one poor country. But now it is on the path of development.
Every day 25000 children die of hunger and starvation .660000 children die of preventive
diseases The rate of poverty in India is increasing day by day. China was the poor country but
it has attained 9th place in relation to development .ln china only 3% people are below
poverty line but in India 87 crore people they are unable to fulfill their basic requirements .
450 per lakh women die during delivery in India due to lack of good medical facilities .This
number in Nigeria is 19 thousand, 18 thousand in Afganistan , 12 thousand is Bangladesh ,14
thousand in euthopia,14 thousand in Pakistan, 10 thousand in Indonasia , Sudan and Keneya .
In India 81 lakh children die during infancy period .This is only due to poverty. According to
Global hunger report, India stands at 67 among 88 nations on the basis of the survey of 8
states in India.
Infant death rate and death rate during pregnancy is higher in India among all nations. 72%
farmers are facing financial crisis. But acc to survey conducted by F.A.O(U.N.) (2009) in
India employment was reduced to 44% in 2008 , in 2009, 51% . 87% people are downtrodden
and wage earners in unorganized sectors. During 2009 people died of hunger and starvation
in the world and the majority of people among them belonged to India. 20% children die due
to not having nutritious food. 48% children are not getting nutritious diet. 90% children are
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anaemic, 6 crore and 10 lakh children are not developing properly because of lack of
balanced diet. Thousand of children are losing their lives due to malnutrition every year. Low
income of 87 crore people is not standing in to the support of fulfilling their minimum
requirements. On 5th feb 2011 supreme court made a statement in one-case. That
Daraunacharya made injustice to Eklavya but at that time shudras were deprived of
education by different way and now they are being deprived Of education by different way.,
But the purpose is the same.
LPG is the conspiracy to make Indian slave because it is an international capitalism. Today
55% Indians are illiterate. Today in India 3 crore cases are under discussion. 32 lac in high
court, 40,000 in Supreme Court. Injustice gave birth to naxalite movements. According to
survey conducted in 2007, there were 623 judges and out of which 592 judges were from
upper caste and 18 were from SC, sts, OBC minority. The person who are to protect
constitution are going against constitution by implementing 80-90% reservation in the
appointment of judges belonging to the upper castes. There are 73 crore farmers in India and
they are being destroyed by SEZ and farmers are committing suicides and they are compelled
to be labourers. This year total 20 crore will become beggars. But some people are not feeling
shame on it. 87% people are below poverty line. And Chief Minister of Delhi Mrs. Sheela
Dixit said person can take care of his family in 6 Rs. Also. Chairman of Planning
Commission Ahluwalia changed the explanation of poverty. He said, in village, income of
Rs. 24 and 26 daily is sufficient for a person to take care of his family .We can get LPG
Cylinder in Rs. 800/- and he said Rs. 600 monthly income is sufficient for a family.
When India got freedom, the population of India was 33 crore but now 33 crore Original
inhabitants sleep on footpath. Today 47% children of the age five years are the victims of
malnutrition. 83% people do not have food to eat to capacity. They do not have clothes to
wear. 98% out of total prisoners are original inhabitants of India. We can see the 'Hindu'
Newspaper of April 7, 2012 A report was published that in jail the number of shudra women
is larger than the number of others because if these women use weapon for their self respect,
they are put to jails. Today in India there are 838 industries but no industry is owened by any
shudra. According to Crime Bureau Report 2006 every week, three people belonging to scs
and sts are murdered, 4 ladies belonging to SC's and ST's are raped. Houses of 11 persons
belonging to SCs and STs are burnt. One person belonging to SCs and STs is tortured with in
every 18 minutes. This is the situation of shudras even after 65 years of independence, these
people are facing injustice but no FIR is registered. 50% children of scs and sts are the
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victims of malnutrition. They are the victims of physical and psychological diseases.
According to Human Development Index, India's number is 134 in relation to development.
If we talk of the development of scs, sts and OBC India's number is last in relation to
development. Two crore jobs of scs, sts and obcs have been abolished in India. Adivasis are
being murdered for the land which is being given to 27000 foreign companies. This has given
birth to naxalite movements which has spread over 212 districts out of 612 districts in India
but it is said India is developing fastly i.e at 9% growth rate.
Dalit literacy rate is low in India. The 1991 census of India reported that Dalit communities
were one of the least literate social groups in the country, with only 30% of Dalit children
recognized to have basic reading and writing skills. Throughout the 1800s and into the mid
1940s, conditions for Dalit children within the Indian education system were very poor. Due
to discrimination from higher castes, the Dalits did not feel comfortable attending schools.
Dalit children were compelled to sit outside the school, listening on the veranda while those
in higher castes would be taught inside. Teachers, who refused to touch the Dalit children
even with sticks, would throw bamboo canes as undeserved punishment while children of
other castes were permitted to throw mud. Still this is happening in many areas of the
country.The efforts being put forward by the government lost momentum over the next few
decades however, as the rate of primary schools being constructed slipped from 5.8% in the
1960s, to 2.1% during the 1970s, and eventually down to only 1.3% through the 1980s.In
India, Bihar is in the top five poorest states of India. Abuse of the Dalit caste is particularly
high in Bihar. This combination of persecution, discrimination and poverty leaves Dalit
children in Bihar extremely vulnerable. Currently, schools in Bihar are legally obliged to
include children from all castes, but because of the prevailing prejudice, most of these
schools are either abandoned, barely functioning or allowing Dalit children to attend, but
treating them with cruelty and neglect. Dalit children are frequently discriminated against,
being made to sit at the back of the class and restricted from touching or interacting with
children from other castes. As a result, those who do make it into school often drop out at an
early age. According to UNICEF Dalit girls have the highest rate of exclusion from school
due to social discrimination. 51% Dalit children drop out of elementary school as opposed to
37% children from non-Dalit and non-Adivasi communities. In a 2014 report, the Human
Rights Watch found pervasive discrimination against students from marginalised
communities in schools across six states of India. In 2013 The Hindustan Times reported that
in Madhya Pradesh an elected government official made it compulsory for Dalit parents
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applying for a scholarship for their school going children to submit photos with dead animals.
The total number of out of school Dalit Children according to the National Sample Survey is
a staggering 2 million. The UNICEF report from 2014 notes that in ‗areas with a
concentration of SC, ST or Muslim communities, civic services like electricity supply, water
supply, etc. are poor. A report from Bihar by Community Correspondent Sheila Shekh shows
that a Dalit village has not had access to electricity for over a decade. The National Crime
Records Bureau reported a 19% rise in crimes against Dalits between 2013 and 2014.
Independent research shows that between 2007 and 2011, just on the basis of cases reported
by the media, 18 Dalit students in colleges and universities have committed suicide. This is
the real ‗death of merit‘. Students like Rohith have overcome insurmountable odds. PhD
students comprise 0.34% of the total number of students in higher education and the All India
Survey On Higher Education does not give the numbers of Dalit students among the PhD
scholars. Illiteracy and drop-out rates among Dalits are very high due to a number of social
and physical factors. The forms of structural discrimination and abuse that Dalit children face
in schools are often so stigmatising that they are forced to drop out of school. In addition,
Dalit children face discriminatory attitudes from fellow students and the community as a
whole, in particular from higher caste members who perceive education for Dalits as a threat
to village hierarchies and power relations. A another case, Rohith Vemula, a highly
ambitious, politically oriented, 26-year-old Ph.D. candidate at the University of Hyderabad
killed on January 17, 2016. Vemula belonged to a Dalit community and was the son of a
single mother. Before killing himself, he wrote a suicide note. It provides his deep reflection
on the living of a Dalit who is transgressing societal structures and pursuing doctoral studies.
It‘s 2018 and the untouchability related oppression still continue in many forms and the
oppressors reinvent modern methods of discrimination and inhuman treatment. Modern form
of untouchability is forcing Dalits not to vote; there‘s an institution of
false/malicious/vexatious suit or cases against Dalits in government employment. The UGC
guideline of prevention of discrimination in higher educational institutions came into light
after University of Hyderabad student Rohit Vemula‘s suicide. As Dalits continue to struggle
to seek equality in everyday life and in the social order, the mindset of both rural and urban
class prevent it. And that is why Rohit Vemula happened, that is why Una happened, and that
is exactly why Bhima-Koregaon happened in the second decade of the 21st Century. This
fight for equality is going to define the 21st century India for us, whatever might be the
economic progress we achieve. We all know India is considered as a secular nation but by
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seeing this type of discrimination with the human beings, how can we say that India is a
secular nation. According to our constitution education is a field which is free for all and
everyone has right to take the equal education. But it is not true. We all are still suffering the
biggest threat which is discrimination even in the field of education.
Not only downtrodden but the situation of women in the area of education is still pathetic.
There‘s an African proverb which goes ―If you educate a man you educate an individual but
if you educate a woman you educate an entire nation‖ and this is the single most important
thing that our country needs to understand at this moment. In 2015 3.7 million eligible girls
were out of school and in rural areas girls receive an average of fewer than four years of
education. a large gender gap emerges which was highlighted in the 2011 census that showed
the male literacy rate to be 82.14% while for females it lags behind at 65.46%. In our so-
called ‗modern India‘, estimates show that for every 100 girls in rural India only a single one
reaches class 12 and almost 40% of girls leave school even before reaching the fifth standard
and more than 15% children in schools can‘t read a simple story in Hindi, our national
language. A 2010 report conducted by the National Council for Teacher Education estimated
that an additional 1.2 million teachers were needed to fulfil the RTE act requirements and
merely 5 % of government schools complied with all the basic standards and infrastructure
set by the act. Moreover40% of classrooms had more than 30 students and over 60% didn‘t
have any electricity and over 21% of the teachers were not professionally trained. India is
ranked 105 amongst 128 countries in its Education for All Development Index. The 2011
Census report indicates that literacy among the women as only 65.46 percent. It is virtually
disheartening to observe that the literacy rate of women in India is even much lower to the
National average, i.e., 74.04. In India a survey was conducted which showed results
supporting this fact that the rate of infant mortality is related inversely to female rate of
literacy and level of education. The survey as well suggested correlation between economic
growth and education. The UNESCO put its effort in order to achieve the equal opportunity
of education regardless of age, gender, race or any other difference in social and economic
status. According to reliable sources, 50% of all girls have never been to school. Whereas,
two out of ten girls of the age 6 to 11 years have not yet enrolled in schools. The national
female literacy rate when India gained independence was tragically low at 8.6%.The female
education rate of India at 65.6% is significantly lower than the world average at 79.7%. The
situation is more critical in rural areas, where fewer girls go to schools as compared to boys
and the number of dropout rate is alarming among girls. According to UNICEF‘s statistics,
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18% of girls in India are married by the age of 15, and 47% are married by 18. Starting from
2005, the international community promised to have as many girls as boys in schools.
Unfortunately, this didn‘t come true. Female illiteracy rate varies in different states. Rural
areas of India have the lowest female literacy rate. Rajasthan, India‘s seventh largest state has
less than 52.66% female literacy rate. A majority of Indian adolescent girls are not attending
any educational institution, and it's not because they are working, but because they are either
forced to do household duties, are dependent or engaged in begging, suggests a recent report
by the National Commission for Protection of Child Rights' (NCPCR). The NCPCR
report states that around 39.4 percent of adolescent girls in the 15-18 age group are not
attending any educational institution, and a vast majority — around 65 percent — of them are
"either engaged in household activities, are dependents, or, are engaged in begging,
etc".Additionally, around 2.5 crore children, especially adolescent girls, are not involved in
any of the schemes run by the government, according to this India Today report. "Adolescent
Girls in India are especially disadvantaged given their low enrolment rate and educational
attainment levels. They are among the most economically vulnerable groups who typically
lack access to financial capital and have more limited opportunities to gain the education,
knowledge, and skills that can lead to economic advancement," said the NCPCR report. The
eleventh Annual Status of Education Report (ASER 2016) released in New Delhi on 18
January 2017, by Pratham Education Foundation had revealed similar findings. The report
had said that in some Indian states the proportion of girls (age group 11-14) out-of-school
remained greater than 8 percent. These states were Rajasthan (9.7 percent) and Uttar Pradesh
(9.9 percent). Joining them in 2016 was Madhya Pradesh (8.5 percent).In September 2017,
The Times of India had reported that 8.4 crore children in the country didn't attend school at
all. Contrary to popular belief that children don't go to school because they are forced to
work, the Census data had shown that just 19 percent of them were forced to work. Recently,
another analysis had found that out-of-school children in Asia had a negative impact on GDP
growth, The Hindu Business Line Reported. India‘s annual loss of GDP due to out-of-school
children could up to 0.30 percent, or worth $6.79 billion, the report had said. Undoubtedly,
this is a alarming situation for our nation, which is suffering from discrimination, scandals,
riots, gender inequality, naxal attacks and specially faulty education system.
Number of riots, scandals, rapes, massacre, cases of violence against downtrodden is
increased in India. These are taking place in the name of religion, caste, racism etc. casteism
is on the top in India. Fault lies somewhere in the field of education. This all is happening
(Pg. 9165-9191) 9190
because philosophy like Buddhist philosophy is not taught in the schools. Buddhist education
sustem should be adopted so that people could learn how to make peace, how to inculcate the
values among students, how to handle the situation, how to give equal education to all the
human beings without the caste discrimination and gender discrimination. Unless political
democracy is changed into social democracy based upon the principles of justice, equality,
liberty, fraternity and cooperation, unless caste system is abolished, unless the exploitation of
downtrodden is abolished, unless classless society is established, unless fare and impartial
policies are framed on the part of government, unless all people of India and seriously
educated, unless judiciary becomes representative, unless exploitation against women,
minorities, weaker sections of the society is abolished, unless representation is given
according to their number, unless male dominated society is abolished, unless cruelty against
female and downtrodden is abolished, unless constitution of India is implemented seriously,
unless right to education is implemented properly, unless all Indians become educated which
is the property of a nation, unless investment in the field of education is considered the best
investment for the development of our nation, unless the expenditure on education is
increased at least up to the extend which has been mentioned into our constitution (6% of the
GDP was to be spent but at present less than 2% is being spent on education) unless feeling
of universal brotherhood is developed, unless the youth of nation is provided right direction,
unless true history is taught to Indians, unless target of universalization is achieved, unless
values are inculcated, unless new social system without exploitation, without discrimination
and without sorrow is implemented the ideology of Mahamanav Buddha will remain relevant
because for this cause Mahamanav Buddha for the whole life sacrificed his life. So there is
need of time to understand and study the Buddhist education system to make India shine in
this world.
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Scholarly Research Journal for Humanity Science & English Language,

Online ISSN 2348-3083, SJ IMPACT FACTOR 2017: 5.068, www.srjis.com

INDIA: ON THE EDGE OF DECLINE

Rajni Bala1, Ph. D. & Alisha Gill2

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Copyright © 2017, Scholarly Research Journal for Interdisciplinary Studies

survey of harassment at workplace conducted by the Indian Bar Association in 2017.One

K., Radhika, Problems in the Indian Education System. Retrieved from:

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