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    Types of Earthing (As Per IEC Standards) : TN Network

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    wakeel yasin
    The document discusses different types of earthing systems according to IEC standards. There are three main types - TN, TT, and IT networks. TN networks have earthing at the source, TT networks have independent local earthing at customer premises, and IT networks have no direct or high-impedance earthing connection. Within TN networks there are subtypes based on whether the protective earth (PE) and neutral conductors are combined (TN-C) or separate (TN-S). Country standards may adopt or modify the IEC types, for example the UK uses a TN-C-S system called Protective Multiple Earthing.

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    Types of Earthing (As Per IEC Standards) : TN Network

    Uploaded by

    wakeel yasin
    338 views6 pages
    The document discusses different types of earthing systems according to IEC standards. There are three main types - TN, TT, and IT networks. TN networks have earthing at the source, TT networks have independent local earthing at customer premises, and IT networks have no direct or high-impedance earthing connection. Within TN networks there are subtypes based on whether the protective earth (PE) and neutral conductors are combined (TN-C) or separate (TN-S). Country standards may adopt or modify the IEC types, for example the UK uses a TN-C-S system called Protective Multiple Earthing.

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    this document contain the IEC standard of earthing

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    IEC Standards

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    The document discusses different types of earthing systems according to IEC standards. There are three main types - TN, TT, and IT networks. TN networks have earthing at the source, TT networks have independent local earthing at customer premises, and IT networks have no direct or high-impedance earthing connection. Within TN networks there are subtypes based on whether the protective earth (PE) and neutral conductors are combined (TN-C) or separate (TN-S). Country standards may adopt or modify the IEC types, for example the UK uses a TN-C-S system called Protective Multiple Earthing.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    338 views6 pages

    Types of Earthing (As Per IEC Standards) : TN Network

    Uploaded by

    wakeel yasin
    The document discusses different types of earthing systems according to IEC standards. There are three main types - TN, TT, and IT networks. TN networks have earthing at the source, TT networks have independent local earthing at customer premises, and IT networks have no direct or high-impedance earthing connection. Within TN networks there are subtypes based on whether the protective earth (PE) and neutral conductors are combined (TN-C) or separate (TN-S). Country standards may adopt or modify the IEC types, for example the UK uses a TN-C-S system called Protective Multiple Earthing.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 6

    Types of Earthing (as per IEC Standards)

    Introduction
    In the preceding article we studied the basics of Earthing and also the basic most Earthing type where the neutral is
    grounded at source and optionally grounding is done even at customer side.
    Besides this, International Standard – IEC 60364 formally defines different types of Earthing arrangements. Let us
    examine them here in detail.

    IEC Standard for Earthing


    IEC Standard 60364 specifies a Two Letter Codes to identify type of earthing. It also defines three families of
    Earthing arrangements.
     The two letter code is based on Source Side – Device Side Earthing.
     The First Letter indicates how the Earthing is done on Source side (Generator / Transformer).
     The Second Letter indicates how the Earthing is done on Device side (place where electricity is consumed at
    customer premises).
    The Letters used are as follows:
    T – (French word “Terre” meaning Earth) – It means direct connection of a point to earth
    I – It means that either no point is connected to Earth or it is connected via high impedance
    N – It means that there is direct connection to neutral at the source of installation which is in turn connected to the
    ground
    Based on a combination of these three letters, there are three families of Earthing arrangements proposed by IEC as
    below:
     TN Network
     TT Network
     IT Network

    TN Network
    In TN type of earthing system, one of the points of the source side (Generator or Transformer) is connected
    to earth. This point is usually the star point in a three phase system. The body of the connected electrical
    device is connected to earth via this earth point on the source side. See fig. below which depicts this:
    In above diagram:
    PE – Acronym for “Protective Earth” – is the conductor that connects the exposed metallic parts of the consumer’s
    electrical installation to the ground.
    N –Also called Neutral. It is the conductor that connects Star point in a 3 phase system to the earth.
    There are three sub-types of TN networks as below:
     TN-S
     TN-C
     TN-C-S
    TN-S: In this, separate conductors for Protective Earth (PE) and Neutral run from Consumer’s electrical installation till
    the source. They are connected together only at the power source.
    TN-C: In this, there is a combined conductor called PEN (Protective Earth-Neutral) which is connected to earth at the
    source.
    TN-C-S: In this type of earthing, part of the system uses a combined PEN conductor for earthing, whereas for
    remaining part of the system uses separate conductor for PE and N.
    Usually, the combined PEN conductor is used near the source of the system.

    TT Network
    In TT type of earthing system, consumer employs its own local earth connection in the premises, which is
    independent of any earth connection at source side.
    This type of earthing is preferred in telecommunication applications, because this system is free of any high or low
    frequency noise that comes through neutral wire connected to the equipment.
    IT Network
    In IT type of earthing system, there is either no connection to earth at all, or it is done via a high impendence earthing
    connection.
    Country Specific Earthing Standards
    UK – Uses Protective Multiple Earthing (PME) – which is a form of TN-C-S type of earthing
    Australia / New Zealand – Also uses TN-C-S type of earthing know as Multiple Earth Neutral (MEN) system
    USA / Canada – Uses TN-C for the feed from Transformer but uses TN-C-S within the structure at customer
    premises
    France / Japan / Denmark – Uses TT type of earthing and customer must make its own arrangement for its own
    earthing connection

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