Blower General G1 001 12 EN PDF
Blower General G1 001 12 EN PDF
Blower General G1 001 12 EN PDF
DISPLACEMENT BLOWERS
AERZENER MASCHINENFABRIK
GMBH
G1-001 | 12 | EN
15 0 0 7. 2 011
Aerzen Positive Displacement Blowers
for the oil-free conveying and compression of air and gases
Aerzen Positive Displacement Blowers (of the „Roots“ Wide range of selection
type design) have been manufactured since 1868 The extensive number of models and sizes avail-
and today are highly developed standard production able facilitates the selection of the optimal ma-
machines designed and adapted to find use in a wide chine for any given application. Machines handling
variety of applications. capacities ranging from approx. 30 m³/h to ap-
The following are only a few examples of the many ap- prox. 84000 m³/h in either vertical or horizontal
plications in which Aerzen Blowers can be used: flow configuration can be supplied.
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Operating principle
Two symmetrical rotors convolute
in opposite directions. The medium to be conveyed
flows into the housing surrounding the rotors, and is
displaced in a positive manner from the inlet to the Since the rotor clearances are kept to a minimum, ef-
discharge side via the chambers formed between the ficiency under operating conditions is highly favourable.
rotors and the housing. At the very moment the rotor The output volume varies very slightly with changes in
tip clears the edge of the pre-inlet channel, the volume load (see page 4).
of the gas displaced is compressed by the backflow of
the pressurized gas present in the conveying piping at The power required to compress the flow at inlet condi-
the discharge socket. The final pressure automatically tions is, theoretically:
Q . Δp
adjusts itself to the pressure level in the downstream Pth = 0
piping and components. The flow required to convey 600
all types of gases under various operating conditions This power must be increased to compensate for the
can be calculated once specific blower data are known. mechanical friction in the bearings, timing gears, seal
Each rotor revolution results in the displacement and components, as well as in the dynamic losses occurring
compression of the so-called scoop volume qo (litre/ in the blower nozzles and the conveying chamber.
revolution). The scoop volume shows a constant for each The power required at the blower coupling is:
blower size. This results in the theoretical capacity
Pk = Pth + Pv (kW)
n.q 0 The main component i.e. the theoretical power for
Q0 = (m3/min)
1000 compression, is thus independent of the type of gas
involved, and directly proportional to both the operating
The actual capacity is obtained by deducting the amount
pressure differential and the blower speed. Since no
of gas Qv slipping back through the clearances from the
internal compression takes place, the power absorbed
theoretical capacity:
when operating without load is nearly equal to the
Q = Q - Q (m3/min)
1 0 v power loss Pv.
This represents approximately 3 to 5 % of the full load
The amount of slippage through the clearances depends
power rating transmitted via the coupling.
on the density of the gas at the inlet, the differential pres-
sure Δp and the total area F of the clearances.
Due to the sum of all manufacturing tolerances, power
The volumetric efficiency is
consumption and intake volume flow can show a toler-
Q1 Qv ance of ± 5 %.
ηv = =1-
Q0 Q0
3
Volumetric performance curves of a positive displacement blower
Noise behaviour
Due to more and more severe environmental requirements further noise reduction
for positive displacement blowers and other machines is necessary. If these are pure
machine noises it is relatively simple by using acoustic hoods.
But in case the sound input, led through the conveying flow into the piping, has to be
reduced, only two possibilities remain:
1. secondary measures
2. primary measures
Silencers, pulsation silencers, sound insulation of the piping etc. are costly
secondary measures.
For good reasons the Aerzener Maschinenfabrik has decided for the primary meas-
ures i.e. to reduce noises already in their origin. Therefore the 3-lobe blowers have
been developed.
The goal was attained by the development of positive displacement blowers with
integrated pulsation reduction. The blower-cylinder was equipped with so-called pre-
inlet channels of which type, size and position have been determined experimentally.
Together with the 3-lobe rotary pistons an essentially softer opening to the discharge
side will result and the usual back flow pulse reaches the conveying chamber only
considerably weaker (see blower-symbole on right of page).
But there is still a second noise source within blowers. It is the so-called squeezing
pulse which arises when the piston head of one piston dips into the depression of the
other one. Due to the position and shaping of the pre-inlet channels the phase position
and amplitude can be connected so that they extinguish each other.
In practice this can naturally not be reached by 100 %. However attempts have
shown that a reduction of the noises by up to 20 dB(A) is attained.
fixed bearing
movable bearing
helical timing
oil thrower
gears
piston-ring-oil
slinger-sealing
oil thrower
gear case
cylinder roller
bearing
5
Housing Special designs:
The housings are made of high quality grey cast iron Double oil-purged radial seal rings at gas conveying.
(GG 20). The blower housing requires no additional Double-oil-purged radial seal rings with shaft sleeve
cooling, even at high loads. Up to the size GM 80L, and air-cooled seal ring housing (from profile 18 cool-
the blower feet are bolted on. ing water channel) are used in high vacuum designs. A
double-acting mechanical seal with a seal oil circulation
Timing gears system for applications involving pressure-tight housings
The helical timing gears are tempered, and then ground rated for static internal pressures of up to 25 bar.
to an exacting degree of precision. The positioning and
fastening of the gears onto the shafts takes place via Sealing configuration, gas blower series GRa, GRb
taper interference fit, guaranteeing both excellent con- and GR
centricity and reliable adherence. These models feature bearing housings which are
outboard of the conveying chamber. The four shaft
passages at the conveying chamber are sealed from
Special materials atmosphere by means of double-acting mechanical
Non-standard materials such as nodular graphite cast seals, which are either water- or oil-purged and cooled,
iron (GGG 40), cast steel (GS - C 25) and CrNi - cast or by labyrinth type packing. These machines are also
steel are available for special applications. Special re- available with soft packing seals.
quirements, however, must be clarified with the manu-
facturer in advance! Sealing configuration, gas blower series GQ
The four shaft passages at the conveying chamber are
Sealing configuration, serie GM sealed by means of special mechanical seals.
These models are designed to convey air or neutral
gases. The conveying chamber is sealed from the oil Lubrication
chambers by means of an oil slinger in conjunction Positive Displacement Blowers are splash lubricated.
with piston ring labyrinth type seals featuring a gener- The oil thrower discs and timing gears carry the lubri-
ously dimensioned central vent chamber (condensate cant to the ball and roller bearings. In special cases
channel), and which plays a crucial role in ensuring where splash lubrication is inadequate as a result
that the medium conveyed remains clean and oil-free. of high operating speeds or operating temperatures
The drive shaft is sealed by means of a radial seal ring requiring oil cooling, or where an oil recirculation
installed in the housing cover. system is required in conjunction with oil-cooled me-
chanical seals, a central forced oil lubrication system
is supplied (refer to the operating instructions for oil
grades).
Drawing cutout:
Oil sealing to conveying chamber,
adjusting bearings, helical timing gears
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Aerzen Positive Displacement Blowers in standard design
3-lobe positive displacement blowers type GM 22 sizes GM 3 S to GM 1080 L
intake volume flow approx. 30 to 65.000 m³/h
Materials
Housing parts (cylinder, side plates, gear case
and housing cover) made of GG-20.
Shafts made of C 45 N and rotors made of
C 45 N (GM 3 S up to GM 80 L).
Shafts and rotors are forged in one piece.
GM 90 S and GM 130 L: Rotors and shafts made
of EN-GJS-500-7.
GM 150 S up to GM 1080 S: Rotors made of
EN-GJS-400-18, shafts made of C 45 N.
Helical timing gears made of 16 Mn Cr 5 E.
GM 3 S
In case other materials are needed,
please ask for!
Shaft sealings
Conveying chamber seal by 4 piston ring laby-
rinth seals with oil slingers at each shaft end.
On request, 4 radial seal ring-piston ring labyrinth
seals are available.
Driving shaft seal by radial seal ring.
In case of gastight design of the driving shaft
2 radial seal rings are used with an intermediate
grease trap.
7
Aerzen Compact Blowers (units) in standard design
Type DELTA BLOWER Gen. 5 12 sizes intake volume flow of approx. 30 to 5.400 m3/h
Type DELTA BLOWER intake volume flow of approx. 5.400 to 15.000 m3/h
Type Compact Blower I/3 4 sizes intake volume flow up to 20.000 m3/h
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Unit sizes
5
Generation
GM 3 S up to GM 240 S
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Aerzen Bulk Vehicle Blowers
Type GM 4 sizes intake volume flow 600 up to 2.250 m³/h
GM 13.f7
GM 25 S
GM 35 S
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Aerzen High-Pressure Blowers
Type GM...dz housing compression-proof for PN 25 5 sizes intake volume flow 60 up to 6.000 m³/h
Fields of application
Conveying of air and neutral gases.
Operating pressure range up to max.
Pe = 25 bar gauge where the medium
has the corresponding inlet pressure.
1 oil reservoir (with electric
Max. differential pressure 2000 mbar. oil heating on request)
2 oil pump
Design 3 water-oil cooler
4 double-oil filter
Housing with circular flanges and o-ring 5 oil drain
seals, lube- and purge oil supply by complete 6 oil sight glass
7 oil filling
oil unit, oil chambers under gas pressure.
9 non-return valve
10 oil overflow valve
Shaft sealings 11 level switch
12 diff. pressure
Conveying chamber by combined oil slinger
oilfilter
piston ring labyrinth seals with condensate 13 contact thermo-
chamber between the piston rings or shaft meter oil pressure
15 reg. mech. seals/
seal ring - piston ring labyrinth seal. lubricat. points
16 oil return flow
The drive shaft is sealed via compressed-oil- 17 cooling water
purged double-acting mechanical seal.
Direction of flow
Vertical, from top to bottom.
Drive
Direct coupling with motor or via flexibly
coupled spur gear. Diagram: "oil supply unit"
Booster-design
• Type GM...d
• Max. pressure increases of 1,0 bar abs. to
2,0 bar abs.
• Housing compression-proof for PN 25 with
o-ring sealings
• Splash lubrication
• Driving shaft seal by 2 shaft seal rings with
grease trap
• Drive direct via flexible coupling or over-
hung via narrow v-belt
GM 11.2 dz
High-pressure blower unit
with compressed-oil lubrication
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Aerzen Process Gas Blowers I
Type GR/GRa/GRb 12 sizes intake volume flow 100 up to 50.000 m³/h
Shaft sealings
Conveying chamber sealed by
a) pressure relieved soft packings with purge gas con-
nections,
b) pressure relieved carbon ring - labyrinth seals with
purge gas connections,
c) double-acting mechanical seals, oil-purged
d) double-acting mechanical seals, water-purged.
Direction of flow
Vertical, from top to bottom.
GR 17.14 up to 21.22
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Aerzen Process Gas Blowers II
1) Type GQ . . . xz 5 sizes intake volume flow 2.000 up to 80.000 m³/h
2) Type GQb . . . xz 1 size intake volume flow 35.000 up to 100.000 m³/h
GQ 17.14 up to GQ 22.23
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Aerzen Vacuum Pressure - Blowers with pre-inlet
Type GM . . . Sm 6 sizes, intake volume flow 60 up to 16.000 m³/h
for an absolute pressure at inlet of approx. 200 mbar against atmosphere
Type GM . . . Lm 3 sizes, intake volume flow 16.000 up to 50.000 m³/h
for an absolute pressure at inlet of approx. 400 mbar against atmosphere
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Aerzen Vacuum Blowers with pre-inlet cooling
Type GMa/GMb/GMc . . . mHV 11 sizes, theoretic nominal intake volume flow 250 up to 61.000 m³/h
Shaft sealings
The conveying chamber is sealed by means of an oil
slinger in combination with 4 piston ring labyrinth seals.
The drive shaft is sealed by double radial seal rings with
grease barrier.
Direction of flow
Vertical, from top to bottom.
Shaft sealings
The conveying chamber is sealed by means of an oil
slinger in combination with 4 piston ring labyrinth seals.
The drive shaft is sealed by double radial seal rings
with grease barrier.
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Information concerning Positive Displacement Blower - Units
Unit designs:
1.) DELTA BLOWER, overpressure, indoor suction
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Accessories Silencing
Our blower units normally include the standard acces- In order to reduce the intake - and discharge noises for
sories for continuous operation. The installation is ef- conveying air on blowers, silencers are used at intake
fected on flat, load bearing surfaces, elevated floors or - and discharge side.
steel structures, a rigid installation on concrete founda- The type of silencer used depends on the degree of
tions is also possible. In most cases the blowers are silencing required.
driven by a three-phase asynchronous motor and - for In case of very high sound loads additional pipe silencers
adjustment of the volume flow - a belt drive. Upon de- can be used for suppression of the pressure pipe. The
mand special designs as direct coupling, intermediate noise radiation from the machine casing is reduced by
spur gear or special materials are also available. means of acoustic hoods (enclosures).
Aerzen acoustic hoods can either be supplied together
Installation with the compact blower packages, or added later. It is
In case the blower is installed at places where solid advantageous to install large blower packages or mul-
borne noise and vibrations are to be expected, the tiple machines in separate, noise insulated rooms.
Aerzen standard version „Installation on flexible
machinery mountings“ must be selected. Then it is also Safety measures
necessary to flexibly connect the blower package to Aerzen Positive Displacement Blowers are protected
plant piping. from overload by suitably sized vacuum and/or pressure
When conveying air, flexible rubber sleeves connected relief valves.
to plant piping using clamps suffice; however, bellow Where the inlet or discharge piping are closed in the
type expansion joints should be used in gas absence of such protective devices, excessive vacuum
and high pressure service. or pressure builds up due to the positive displacement
feature, resulting in possible damage on the blower.
Flow volume regulation However these valves do not replace the protection from
Due to forced conveyance a regulation of positive dis- the side of the plant. When conveying gases - which
placement blowers cannot be effected by throttling of must not be discharged to atmosphere -, it is important
the intake flow volume. The conveying volume is to ensure that the hot gases are not recirculated directly
independent from the counter pressure which the blower back to the blower inlet: the recirculated gas must first
has to overcome. be cooled. Only where blowers operate under extremely
Therefore an energy efficient flow volume can only be low pressure loads or during start-up it is possible to
achieved by a speed regulation although sometimes a dispense with a cooler.
bypass - or blow-off regulation is still selected. Check valves (Aerzen scope of supply) must be installed
The volume recirculated in by-pass operation must be directly downstream of the discharge
cooled, as the blower will otherwise be subject to socket and the pressure relief valve to prevent the blower
thermal overload. from running in reverse upon shut-down while operating
under load.
Where several blowers operate in parallel, it is essential
that check valves be installed.
Starting
Aerzen Positive Displacement Blowers can generally
be started up against full system pressure in the case
of direct starting motors. Where drive motors are star-
delta started or internal combustion engines are used,
however, care must be taken to start the blower under
unloaded conditions in consideration of the starting
torque characteristics of these drive machines.
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Guidelines concerning inquiries 3. Flow capacity required (m³/h or m³/min.)
Refer to the conditions at inlet or mass flow
We make every effort to offer our customers the type (kg/h or kg/min.).
and blower model best suited to meet the requirements
of their particular application. 4. Intake conditions
In order to guarantee optimal selection, the following Intake temperature t1 (°C) and ambient temperature tu
information should always accompany the inquiry: (°C). Absolute intake pressure P1 (bar) or altitude of site
in meters above sea level.
1. Type of medium to be conveyed
For gases, the following data is required: 5. Pressure rise Δp (mbar) or absolute discharge
specific density ρ or gas constant R as well as specific pressure Pabs.(bar)
heat cp or specific heat ratio χ = cp/cv or the gas Where operating conditions fluctuate, both the normal
composition (% weight or volume). and the maximum possible pressure should be indicated.
2. Condition of medium to be conveyed
Saturated or dry. Include details on impurities, if applica-
ble, and whether the gas is neutral or corrosive.
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The largest Aerzen Positive Displacement Blower for the conveying of 100.000 m³/h gas, pressure difference 860 mbar, in a steel
cooling plant. Length 3750 mm, width 2400 mm, height 3000 mm, engine output 3300 kW, weight 28 t.
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A good address - everywhere
A central point of the Aerzen company policy is the
local presence at the customers.
Local representation
Representation or subsidiary company