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Assignment 1

The document contains a 10 question assignment on smart materials and intelligent systems design. The questions cover various smart materials including piezoelectric materials, shape memory alloys, magnetostrictive materials, and electroactive polymers. Several questions ask about material properties, constitutive equations, actuator preparation steps, and coupling factors. The assignment tests understanding of different smart materials, their behaviors under various stimuli, and their applications in actuator design.

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Prakash Singh
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
1K views

Assignment 1

The document contains a 10 question assignment on smart materials and intelligent systems design. The questions cover various smart materials including piezoelectric materials, shape memory alloys, magnetostrictive materials, and electroactive polymers. Several questions ask about material properties, constitutive equations, actuator preparation steps, and coupling factors. The assignment tests understanding of different smart materials, their behaviors under various stimuli, and their applications in actuator design.

Uploaded by

Prakash Singh
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Assignment 1

Smart Material and Intelligent System Design


(NOC19-ME68)
TOTAL = 20 marks

1. Which of the following is not a smart material? (1 marks)


a. Piezoelectric material
b. Magnetostrictive material
c. Magneto-rheological fluid
d. Carbon fiber reinforced composite
e. Shape memory alloy

2. Which one of the following phenomena is not in correct combination? (2 marks)


a. Electric field + strain = Reverse piezoelectricity
b. Magnetic field + strain = Magneto caloric effect
c. Heat + strain = Thermal expansion Phase transition
d. Light + strain = photo-striction
e. Magnetic field + strain = Joule effect Magnetostriction

3. Which one of the following smart material gives highest free strain upon actuation? (1 marks)
a. PZT
b. PVDF
c. Terfenol-D
d. NiTiNOL
e. EAP

4. Mark the correct constitutive equation for piezoelectricity for the Converse effect. (2 marks)
a. 𝜖 = 𝑆 𝐸 𝜎 + 𝑑𝐸
b. 𝜖 = 𝑑𝜎 + 𝜇 𝜎 𝐸
c. 𝜖 = 𝑆 𝐸 𝑑𝜎 + 𝜇𝑑𝐸
d. 𝜖 = 𝑑𝜎 𝐸 + 𝜇 𝜎 𝐸
e. 𝜖 = 𝑆 𝐸 𝑑𝜎 𝐸 + 𝜇 𝜎 𝑑𝐸

5. A PZT sheet of length 0.0508 m, width 0.0254 m, and thickness 0.000254 m, is subjected to a force
along 1-direction. Assume that an electronic circuit moves the charge generated by the PZT sheet to
a capacitance C. As a result ,we can assume E=0 for the sheet. Calculate the voltage V developed due
to a force F=25N, for a capacitance C=100nF, and d31=-274 x 10-12m/V. (5 marks)
a. -12.6 V
b. -13.7 V
c. -12.131 V
d. -11.98 V
e. -10 V
Assume all the charge generated, q, by the applied stress is transferred to the capacitance, C.

Solution: The sensor equation along the ‘1’ direction, for a sheet with electrodes normal to the
‘3’ direction can be written as
𝜎
𝐷3 = 𝑑31 𝜎1 + 𝑒33 𝐸 ; Here as per question, E=0

For a sheet of length lc, width bc and thickness tc, assuming all the charge q generated by the
applied stress is transferred to the capacitance C,

𝑞 𝐹
𝐷3 = = 𝑑31
𝑏𝑐 𝑙𝑐 𝑏𝑐 𝑡𝑐

In addition, the charge on the capacitance is related to the voltage generated by


q = D3lcbc = CV
Voltage developed on capacitance,
𝑑31 𝐹𝑙𝑐
𝑉= = −13.7 𝑉
𝐶𝑡𝑐

6. Arrange the following in correct steps for preparation of a Piezoceramic actuator:


1- Powder preparation 2- High temperature sintering 3- Shape forming 4- Finishing (2 marks)
a. 1-2-3-4
b. 1-3-2-4
c. 2-1-3-4
d. 3-1-2-4
e. 3-2-1-4

7. Which one of the following is the correct actuator constitutive equation of Magnetostrictive
material? (2 marks)
a. 𝜖 = 𝐵 𝐻 𝜎 + 𝑑𝐻
b. 𝜖 = 𝑆 𝐻 𝜎 + 𝜇 𝜎 𝐻
c. 𝜖 = 𝑆 𝐻 𝑑𝜎 + 𝜇 𝜎 𝐻
d. 𝜖 = 𝐵 𝐻 𝑑𝜎 + 𝜇 𝜎 𝐻
e. 𝜖 = 𝑆 𝐻 𝜎 + 𝑑𝐻

8. Out of the following four are examples of Electronic EAP, and one is of Ionic EAP. Which one is IEAP?
(1 marks)
a. Dielectric EAP
b. Carbon Nanotubes
c. Ferroelectric Polymers
d. Liquid crystal elastomer
e. Electrostrictive paper
9. Shape Memory Effect is defined as: (3 marks)
a. The actuation behaviour of a SMA caused due to formation of stress induced martensite from
austenite phase at constant temperature.
b. Recovery of a strains imparted on a SMA at a certain temperature upon application of stress.
c. Recovery of a strains imparted on a SMA at a lower temperature as a result of thermal
activation.
d. The actuation behaviour of a SMA caused due to formation of stress induced austenite from
martensite phase at constant temperature.
e. Training a SMA to recover strain upon application of stress and thermal activation.

10. Coupling Factor for a Magnetostrictive Material (based on standard symbols) is: (1 marks)
𝑑𝑀
a.
√𝑆 𝜎 𝜇 𝐻
𝑑𝑀
b. 𝐻
𝑑𝑀
c.
√𝑆 𝐻 𝜇 𝜎
𝜇𝜎
d. 𝑑𝑀 𝐻
e. None of the options

𝑑𝑀 𝑚
Coupling factor,𝐾 = , where 𝑑𝑀 = 𝑀𝑎𝑔𝑛𝑒𝑡𝑜𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑒 𝑐𝑜𝑒𝑓𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑡 ( )
√𝑆 𝐻 𝜇𝜎 𝐴
2
𝑆 𝐻 = 𝐶𝑜𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑖𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝑚𝑎𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑥 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑚𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑙 𝑎𝑡 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑡 𝑚𝑎𝑔𝑛𝑒𝑡𝑖𝑐 𝑓𝑖𝑒𝑙𝑑 (𝑚 ⁄𝑁)
𝜇 𝜎 = 𝑃𝑒𝑟𝑚𝑒𝑎𝑏𝑖𝑙𝑖𝑡𝑦 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑚𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑙 𝑎𝑡 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑡 𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑠 (𝑇 − 𝑚/𝐴)

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