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    Inclined Plane Experiment

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    Renae Savannah
    This document provides instructions for a laboratory experiment on inclined planes. The objectives are to study the relationship between forces, angle of inclination, and friction coefficients for different materials. Static friction acts to prevent motionless objects from moving, while kinetic friction resists motion of sliding objects. Formulas are given for static and kinetic friction in terms of normal force and friction coefficients. Students are asked to plot forces, draw free body diagrams, name applications of inclined planes, discuss sources of error, and analyze results to find friction coefficients for different materials and angles.

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    Inclined Plane Experiment

    Uploaded by

    Renae Savannah
    194 views3 pages
    This document provides instructions for a laboratory experiment on inclined planes. The objectives are to study the relationship between forces, angle of inclination, and friction coefficients for different materials. Static friction acts to prevent motionless objects from moving, while kinetic friction resists motion of sliding objects. Formulas are given for static and kinetic friction in terms of normal force and friction coefficients. Students are asked to plot forces, draw free body diagrams, name applications of inclined planes, discuss sources of error, and analyze results to find friction coefficients for different materials and angles.

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    This document provides instructions for a laboratory experiment on inclined planes. The objectives are to study the relationship between forces, angle of inclination, and friction coefficients for different materials. Static friction acts to prevent motionless objects from moving, while kinetic friction resists motion of sliding objects. Formulas are given for static and kinetic friction in terms of normal force and friction coefficients. Students are asked to plot forces, draw free body diagrams, name applications of inclined planes, discuss sources of error, and analyze results to find friction coefficients for different materials and angles.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    194 views3 pages

    Inclined Plane Experiment

    Uploaded by

    Renae Savannah
    This document provides instructions for a laboratory experiment on inclined planes. The objectives are to study the relationship between forces, angle of inclination, and friction coefficients for different materials. Static friction acts to prevent motionless objects from moving, while kinetic friction resists motion of sliding objects. Formulas are given for static and kinetic friction in terms of normal force and friction coefficients. Students are asked to plot forces, draw free body diagrams, name applications of inclined planes, discuss sources of error, and analyze results to find friction coefficients for different materials and angles.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 3

    UNIVERSITI KUALA LUMPUR

    MALAYSIA FRANCE INSTITUTE


    MECHANICAL ENGINEERING SECTION

    Laboratory Experiment Sheet


    ENGINEERING MECHANICS 1

    INCLINED PLANE EXPERIMENT

    OBJECTIVE

    The objectives of the experiment are to study the relationship between forces, angle of inclination
    and the coefficient of friction for various types of materials.

    THEORY

    An inclined plane is a simple machine, consisting of a sloping surface, whose purpose is to reduce
    the force that must be "directly" applied to raise a load. Note that the force required is not reduced,
    but is "spread out" to allow the application of less force over a longer period. From this experiment
    the explanation of the free body diagram about an inclined plane will reveal.

    Normal
    force, N
    Applied Friction
    force, F force, fs

    Weight, W = mg
    Figure 1: free body diagram for static friction

    To identify the different between static friction and kinetic friction, kinetic friction acts to resist
    the motion of an object sliding across a surface, static friction is the force which keeps a motionless
    object from being pushed or pulled across a surface.
    If a block is at rest on a horizontal surface, it is acted upon only by the normal force and the
    gravitational force. If the surface is inclined by a small angle, θ, a component of the gravitational
    force acts downward along the surface of the board. The magnitude of this component is mg sinθ.
    If the block doesn't slide, then it is acted on by the static frictional force, fs, which exactly balance
    the mg sinθ component of the object's weight.

    If the inclination of the surface is increased further, the static friction reaches a maximum strength.
    Unlike kinetic friction, which is roughly constant at low speeds, static friction varies to resist other
    forces on the block. The formula for static friction, gives only the maximum possible value of the
    static frictional force. The formula is as follows:

    fs max = μs N

    fs max
    Static friction coefficient: μs =
    𝑁
    For applied forces greater than the maximum force of static friction or if the surface is inclined so
    much the block starts to slip and then the value for friction becomes kinetic friction (fk) and the
    box is then under a net force so it start accelerates. The formula for kinetic friction:

    fk = μk N

    By Newton’s second law,

    Σ F = Fapplied + fk = Fapplied - μk N = ma = 0

    Fapplied = μk N

    𝐹 𝑎𝑝𝑝𝑙𝑖𝑒𝑑
    Kinetic friction coefficient: μk =
    𝑁

    Coefficient of friction can be determine by using trigonometry, where,

    Σ F = f - μk N = ma = 0

    W sin θ - μk W cos θ = 0

    𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝜃
    μk = 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜃
    = tan θ =
    𝐻
    𝐵
    Analysis and discussion

    1. Plot static and kinetic force versus load, analyze the data and find the coefficient of
    friction.
    2. Draw Free Body Diagram at the inclined plane
    3. Name some application by using this mechanism and explain it.
    4. Discuss 2 possible source of errors (other than parallax error) and how it’s can effect the result

    Endorsed by :

    Technical Unit Leader HOS/ PC


    Sign & Stamp Sign & Stamp

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