Things to Remember!

Sieve:
Alternate Standard Moisture Content
3 in 75 mm
2 in 50 mm 1000 g
1 in 25 mm 500 g
¾ in 19 mm Compaction Method C&D
½ in 12.5 mm 300 g
3⁄ in 9.5 mm
8
No. 4 4.75 mm Compaction Method A&B, PCCP 200 g Concrete Agg.
No. 8 2.36 mm Asphalt Mix, Masonry Composite Agg.
No. 10 2.00 mm FDT, Sand & Gravel 50 g Soil Agg.
No. 16 1.18 mm
No. 20 0.840 mm
No. 40 0.425 mm PI Test, Binder 25 g
No. 50 0.30 mm
No. 100 0.15 mm
No. 200 0.075 mm

 No. 12 Separation after Abrasion

 Fineness Modulus = (Summation Sieve No. 3⁄8, 4, 8, 16, 30, 50, 100) divide by 100

Classification Limits & Assignment: Allowable Slump:

One Project ₱150M Side Wall & Arches 4”
ME I Two Project ₱250M Beams & Columns 3”
Three Project ₱200M Slabs, Walls, Parapets & Tops 2”
One Project No Cost Limit Heavy mass of concrete 2”
ME II Two Project ₱300M Slip Form 1½” (40mm)
Three Project ₱250M

Item 311 Strength Deficiency (Payment): Item 311 Thickness Deficiency (Payment):
less than 5% 100 0mm to 5mm 100
5% to less than 10% 80 6mm to 10mm 95
10% to less than 15% 70 11mm to 15mm 85
15% to less than 20% 60 16mm to 20mm 70
20% to less than 25% 50 21mm to 25mm 50
25% or more 0 25mm or more remove

Material shall be tested according to AASHTO T250

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Class of Cement Use:

Class A All superstructures & heavily reinforced substructures. The important parts of the structure
included are slabs, beams, girders, columns, arch ribs, box culverts, reinforced abutments,
retaining walls & reinforced footings.
Class B Footings, pedestal, massive pier shafts, pipe bedding, & gravity walls, unreinforced or with
only a small amount of reinforcement.
Class C Thin reinforced sections, railings, precast RC piles & cribbing & for filler in steel grid floors.
Class P Pre-stressed concrete structures & members.
Seal Concrete deposited in water.

Class Min. Cement Max. Water Min. Compressive Slump (mm) Size of Coarse
Content Cement Ratio Strength (28 days) Aggregates
A 9 0.53 20.7 MPa 50-100 1½” – No.4
B 8 0.58 16.5 MPa 50-100 2” – No.4
C 9.5 0.55 20.7 MPa 50-100 ½” – No.4
P 11 0.49 37.7 MPa 100 max ¾” – No.4
Seal 9.5 0.58 20.7 MPa 100-200 1” – No.4

 Testing Cylinder = 20 to 50 psi

 Testing Beam = 125 to 175 psi
 Post Tensioning of Cylinders of Pre-stressed Conc. Structures = 28 MPa
 Conc. Piles be moved (28 day) = 80%
 Shotcrete = 5.2 MPa (min. compressive strength)
 Hydraulic Cement Type I = 25 MPa
 Water-Cement Ratio of Portland Cement Mortar Cubes = 0.485
 If no beam sample, 14 days core conc. pavement = 24 MPa
 28 day Mortar Type I Portland Cement = 27.6 MPa (ASTM C150)
 Compressive strength of mortar sample at 3days & 7days must not be less than 23.46
MPa which is 85% of 27.6 MPa (28day sample)
 Lean concrete prior to the placing of RSB = 13.8 MPa
 Pre-cast concrete units = 20.682 MPa (7% Water Absorption)

Limitations:
104 200 201 202 203 300
Abrasion (AASHTO T-96 50% max 50% max 45% max 50% max 45% max
PI (AASHTO T-90) 6% max 6% max 6% max 6% max 4%-10% 4%-9%
LL (AASHTO T-89) 30% max 35% max 25% max 25% max 35% max
CBR (AASHTO T-193) 30% max 80% max 80% max 100% 80% min

Water Ph Value = 4.5 to 8.5

Bulk Sp. Gr. = Density

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Variations:
105 200 201 300
Permitted variation from design thickness of layer ±20mm ±10mm +15mm
-5mm
Permitted variation from design level of surface +20mm +10mm +5mm +15mm
-30mm -20mm -10mm -5mm
Permitted surface irregularity measured by 3m 30mm 20mm 5mm 5mm
straight edge
Permitted variation from design cross fall or ±0.5% ±0.3% ±0.2% 0.2%
camber
Permitted variation from design longitudinal grade ±0.1% ±0.1% ±0.1% 0.1%
over 25m length

 ITEM 311
Abrasion = 40% max, PI = less than 6%, LL = 30%, Slag = 1,120 kg/m3
Soundness (Coarse) = 12 mass %, Soundness (Fine) = 10 mass %
Cement Factor = 9, Mineral Filler = not greater than 4
Max Abrasion of Coarse Agg. for Paving Conc. = 40%
High PI means less Binder

Types of Chemical Admixture: CHB:

A Water-Reducing Admixture Average Individual
B Retarding Admixture Load Bearing 6.9 MPa 5.5 MPa
C Accelerating Admixture Non-Load Bearing 4.14 MPa 3.45 MPa
D Water-Reducing & Retarding Admixture Moisture Content = 45% (max)
E Water-Reducing & Accelerating Admixture Absorption = 240 kg/m3 (max)
F Water-Reducing, High Range Admixture Tolerance of length, height, width = ±3mm
(Superplasticizer)

Removal of Forms & Falseworks: Type of Test:

days % Coarse Agg Grading, Sp. Gr.,
Centering under girders, beams, frames or arches 14 80 Absorption, Unit
Floor Slabs 14 70 Weight, Abrasion
Columns 2 70 Fine Agg Grading, Sp. Gr.,
Walls 1 70 Absorption, Unit
Side of beams & all other vertical surface 1 70 Weight
Soil Agg Grading, LL, PL,
(Subbase, Base, Compaction, CBR,
Surface
Courses) Abrasion

Minimum Lap for Splicing:

Grade 40 (280) Grade 60 (420) But not less than
Tension 24 times bar diameter 36 times bar diameter 300mm
Compression 20 times bar diameter 24 times bar diameter 300mm
Staggered minimum separation = 40 bar diameter

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Compaction Test (MDR): Degree of Compaction:

T-99 T-180 Embankment 95%
5.5lb (2.5kg) 10lb (4.5kg) Subbase 100%
12 inches drop 18 inches drop Base 100%
25 blows 56 blows Bituminous 97% (-2)

% Passing No. 200 % Mass Passing:

104 15 max ITEM 701 (Hydrated Lime)
200 0-12 max No. 20 100
201A 0-12 max No. 200 85-100
201B 2-14 max
202A 2-14 max ITEM 703A (Mineral Filler)
202B 5-15 max No. 30 100
300 50 (crushed) No. 50 95-100
or 2⁄3 No. 40 No. 200 70-100

IRI (PCCP): IRI (Asphalt):

3.5 below 100% 3.50 & Below 100%
3.51 – 4.00 90% 3.51 & Above No Payment
4.01 – 4.50 70%
4.51 – 5.00 55%
5.01 – 5.50 35%
5.51 – 6.00 15%
Above 6.00 0%

Tolerance for Bituminous Mix: Details of Welds:

Passing No. 4 & larger sieves ±7% size of fillet weld max. thickness of part
Passing No. 8 to No. 100 sieves ±4% 5mm 13mm
Passing No. 200 sieve ±2% 6mm 19mm
Bituminous Material ±0.4% 8mm 32mm
Temperature of mixture ±10% 10mm 51mm
MC (time introduce into the mixing unit 1% 13mm 152mm
Density 2% 16mm or over 152mm & above
Surface Tolerance 6mm  max size of fillet weld may be used along the
Compacted Pavement -5mm edge of material 6mm or more in thickness shall
be 1.5mm less than the thickness of material.
 1800lbs, 60°C, 75 blows

Stone for Riprap: Abrasion Test (Steel Spheres):

Class A 300mm Grading A 12 spheres
Class B 500mm Grading B 11 spheres
Class C 600mm Grading C 8 spheres
Class D 800mm Grading D 6 spheres
 weight of cast iron or steel sphere is
390-455 grams

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Minimum Test Required in Soil:

ITEM 104 1,500m3 = Grading, Plasticity, Compaction
& 105 500m2 = (per layer) FDT (1 group 3 insitu)
300 m3 = Grading, Plasticity
1,500m3 = Abrasion, Compaction
ITEM 200
2,500m3 = CBR
500m2 = (per layer) FDT (1 group 3 insitu)
300 m3 = Grading, Plasticity
1,500m3 = Quality, Compaction
ITEM 201
2,500m3 = CBR  Quality Test:
500m2 = (per layer) FDT (1 group 3 insitu) Grading, Plasticity,
300 m3 = Grading, Plasticity Abrasion
1,500m3 = Quality, Compaction, Fractured Face
ITEM 202
2,500m3 = CBR  Plasticity Test:
500m2 = (per layer) FDT (1 group 3 insitu) PI, LL, PL

Unsuitable Materials: Curing PCCP:

LL 80 1. Cotton of Burlap Mats
PI 55 2. Water proof Paper
Density 800 kg/m3 3. Straw Curing
Water Content 100 4. Impervious Membrane Method
5. White Polyethylene Sheet

Drainage Steel Grating with Frame: Concrete Surface Finishing:

Test Load Class 1 Ordinary Finish
Class A 10KN Class 2 Rubbed Finish
Class B 80KN Class 3 Floated Finish
Class C 150KN
Class D 210KN
Class E 400KN
Class F 600KN
Class G 900KN

For General Concrete Construction (Portland Cement): Batching Tolerance:

Type I other four not required Portland Cement ±1%
Type II exposed to moderate sulphate action or Water 1%
where moderate heat hydration is required Aggregates 2% max
Type III for highly strength concrete Bins and Scales 0.5%
Type IV low heat hydration Batching 1.5 hours
Type V high sulphate resistance Admixture 3% (calcium
chloride not
allowed)

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Job Mix Formula:

1. Percentage of aggregate Penetration Percentage
passing each specified size. to be added
Asphalt Cement 40-300 5-8%
2. Percentage of bituminous Blown Asphalt 0-30
material to be added Liquid Asphalt
3. Temperature of the mixture Cutback 4.5-7%
delivered on the road Emulsified 6-10%
4. Kind and percentage of
additive to be used Cutback asphalt (SC, MC, RC)
5. Kind and percentage of Emulsified asphalt (Anionic, Cationic)
mineral filler to be used

Rate of Application:
Prime Coat (Cutback RC or MC) 1 to 2 L/m2
Tack Coat (Cutback RC or Emulsified) 0.2 to 0.7 L/m2
Seal Coat (Cutback RC or Asphalt Cement) 1.5 to 3.0 L/m2 (Cutback RC)
0.9 to 1.8 L/m2 (Emulsified Asphalt)
Road Mix Surface Coarse 0.20 L/m2 to 10.00 L/m2
Bit. Curing Seal (after final rolling) 0.5 to 1.0 L/m2
Special Curing Agent 4L/14m2
Curing Compound (one or two uniform application) 0.25 L/m2
Portland Cement Treated Plant Mix Base Course (after final rolling) 0.5 to 1.0 L/m2

Seal Coats:
Type I Type II Type III
Bit. Materials (L/m2) 0.2 – 0.5 0.51 – 1.0 1.01 – 1.50
Cover Agg. (kg/m2) none 5.0 – 10.00 10.01 – 14.00

Gabions: Mattresses:
length shall be multiples of 2,3, or 4 times the width length shall be 0.17m, 0.23m, or 0.3m
height shall be 0.5 – 1.0m width and length tolerance ±5%
width, height and length tolerance is ±5% height tolerance ±10%
Density 1,400 kg/m3 diameter tolerance ±0.10mm
Soundness 9% 5 cycle

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Minimum Requirements for Submission of Samples:

Materials Minimum Testing Requirements Minimum Quantity/Volume
of Materials for Each
Sample Submitted
1. Cement 1 sample per 2000 bags 10kg
2. Asphaltic Material 1 sample per 40T or 200 drums 5L
3. Asphalt Mix 1 sample per 130T 20kg
4. Aggregates 1 sample per 1,500m3
a. Coarse Aggregate 70kg
b. Fine Aggregate 50kg
5. Soil Aggregates 1 sample per 1,500m3
a. Classification 20kg
b. Routinary Tests 50kg
c. MDR Test and CBR 50kg
6. Non-Reinforced Concrete 2 pipes min. /0.5 of no. of pipes 2 pipes
Pipes
7. Reinforced Concrete Pipes 1 sample per 50 pipes or 2% of no. 1 pipe
pipes (1m length)
8. Steel Pipe (Galvanized) 1 sample per 500 lengths 2pcs of 100mm long taken
from both ends w/ thread
9. Concrete Hollow Blocks (CHB) 1 sample per 10,000 units
a. Strength 3 units
b. Moisture Content 3 units
10. Steel Bar 1 sample per 10T 1m
11. Steel Sheet (Galvanized) 1 sample per 1,000 sheets 3pcs 60mmx60mm
12. Wire Strand 1 sample per 20T 2m
13. Gabion 1mx2m
14. Paints 1 sample per 100 cans 1-4L can
15. Joint Filler (Pre-Molded) 1 – 400mmx400m
16. Curing Compound 1L
17. Concrete Cylinder 1 sample per 75m3 1 set (3 cylinders)
18. Concrete Beam 1 sample per 75m3 or 1day pouring 1 set (3 beams)
19. Concrete Core 5 holes for every km/lane
20. Asphalt Core 1 core for every 100m
21. Water
a. Chemical Analysis 500ml
b. Sediment Load Analysis 500ml
22. Structural Steel/Sheet 1 sample per 50T reduced section as
prescribed
23. Hydrated Lime 1 sample per 100T

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