API 14C ANALYSIS

FLOWLINES........................................................................................................................................................................................2
HEADER / MANIFOLD......................................................................................................................................................................3
PRESSURE VESSELS.........................................................................................................................................................................4
PRESSURE VESSELS CONT...............................................................................................................................................................5
ATMOSPHERIC VESSELS................................................................................................................................................................6
PUMPS..................................................................................................................................................................................................7
COMPRESSOR....................................................................................................................................................................................8
HEAT EXCHANGERS........................................................................................................................................................................9
PIPELINES.........................................................................................................................................................................................10
FLOWLINES

Flowline Line No. :

Flowline Description :

Undesirable Event Cause Detectable Abnormal Condition at Primary Secondary

Component Protection Protection

Overpressure Blocked or Restricted outlet High Pressure PSH PSV

Downstream choke plugged
Hydrate plug
Upstream control failure
Changing well conditions
Closed Outlet Valve
Leak Deterioration Low Pressure and backflow PSL & FSV ESS
Erosion
Corrosion
impact damage
vibration

A High Pressure Sensor (PSH) Device Tag No.

1. PSH Installed
2. Flowline segment has a maximum allowable working pressure greater than the maximum
shut in pressure and is protected by a PSH on a downstream flowline segment
B Low Pressure Sensor (PSL)
1. PSL Installed
2. Flowline segment is between the well and the first choking device and is less than 10feet
(3m) in length or in the case of an underwater installation, reasonably close to that distance
C Pressure Safety Valve (PSV)
1. PSV Installed
2. Flowline segment has a maximum allowable working pressure greater than the maximum
shut in pressure
3. Two SDV's (one of which may be the SSSV) with independent PSH's, relays and sensing
points are installed where there is adequate flowline volume upstream of the block valves to
allow sufficient time for the SDV's to close before exceeding the maximum allowable
working pressure
4. Flowline segment is protected by a PSV on the upstream segment
5. Flowline segment is protected by a PSV on the downstream component that cannot be
isolated from the flowline segment and there are no chokes or other restrictions between the
flowline segment and the PSV
D Flow Safety Valve (FSV)
1. FSV Installed
2. Flowline segment is protected by FSV in final flowline segment
HEADER / MANIFOLD

Header Line No. :

Header Description :

Undesirable Event Cause Detectable Abnormal Condition at Primary Secondary

Component Protection Protection

Overpressure Blocked or Restricted outlet High Pressure PSH PSV

Hydrate plug
Upstream control failure
Changing well conditions
Closed Outlet Valve
Leak Deterioration Low Pressure and backflow PSL & FSV ESS
Erosion
Corrosion
impact damage
vibration

A High Pressure Sensor (PSH) Device Tag No.

1. PSH Installed
2. Line and equipment are protected by upstream PSH
B Low Pressure Sensor (PSL)
1. PSL Installed
2. Line and equipment are protected by upstream PSL
C Pressure Safety Valve (PSV)
1. PSV Installed
2. Line and equipment have a maximum allowable working pressure greater than the
maximum pressure that can be imposed by the injection source
3. Line and equipment are protected by an upstream
D Flow Safety Valve (FSV)
FSV Installed
PRESSURE VESSELS

Vessel No. :

Vessel Description :

Undesirable Event Cause Detectable Abnormal Condition at Primary Secondary

Component Protection Protection

Overpressure Blocked or Restricted outlet High Pressure PSH PSV

Inflow exceeds outflow
Gas blowby from upstream component
Pressure control system failure
Thermal expansion
Excess heat input
Under Pressure Withdrawl exceeds inflow Low Pressure PSL & FSV ESS
Thermal contraction
Open outlet
Pressure control system failure
Liquid Overflow Inflow exceeds outflow High Liquid Level LSH LSH and PSH *
Liquid slug flow
Blocked or restricted liquid outlet
Level control system failure
Gas Blowby Liquid withdrawl exceeds inflow Low Liquid Level LSL PSH / PSV or vent
Open liquid outlet *
Level control system failure
Leak Deterioration Low Pressure. Low Liquid Level PSL and FSV ESS
Erosion
Corrosion
Impact damage
Vibration

Excess Temperature Temperature control system failure High Temperature TSH Safety devices on
High inlet temperature heat source
PRESSURE VESSELS cont.

Vessel No. :

Vessel Description :

A High Pressure Sensor (PSH) Device Tag No.

1. PSH Installed
2. Input is from a pump or compressor that cannot develop pressure greater than the maximum
allowable working pressure of the vessel
3. Input source is not a wellhead flowline(s), production header, or pipeline and each source is
protected by a PSH that protects the vessel
4. Adequately sized piping without block or regulating valves connects gas outlet to
downstream equipment protected by a PSH that also protects upstream vessel
5. Vessel is a final acrubber in a flare, relief, or vent system and is designed to withstand
maximum built up back pressure
6. Vessel operates at atmospheric pressure and has an adequate vent system
B Low Pressure Sensor (PSL)
1. PSL Installed
2. Minimum operating pressure is atmospheric pressure when in service
3. Each input source is protected by a PSL and there are no pressure control devices or
restrictions between the PSL(s) and the vessel
4. Vessel is a scrubber or small trap, is not a process component, and adequate protection is
provided by downstream PSL or design function (e.g. vessel is gas scrubber for pneumatic
safety system or final scrubber for flare, relief or vent system)
5. Adequately sized piping without block or regulating valves connects gas outlet to
downstream equipment by protected by a PSL that also protects the upstream vessel.
C Pressure Safety Valve (PSV)
1. PSV Installed
2. Each input source is protected by a PSV set no higher than the maximum allowable
working pressure of the vessel and a PSV is installed on the vessel for fire exposure and
thermal expansion
3. Each input source is protected by a PSV set no higher than the maximum allowable
working pressure and at least one of these PSV's cannot be isolated from the vessel
4. PSV's on downstream equipment can satisfy relief requirement of vessel and cannot be
isolated from the vessel
5. Vessel is a final scrubber in a flare, relief or vent system, is designed to withstand maximum
built up backpressure, and has no internal or external obstructions, such as mist extractors,
back pressure valves, or flame arrestors
6. Vessel is a final scrubber in a flare, relief or vent system, is designed to withstand maximum
built up backpressure, and is equipped with a rupture disk or safety head(PSE) to bypass
any internal or external obstructions such as mist extractors, back pressure valves, or flame
arrestors
D High Level Sensor (LSH)
1. LSH Installed
2. Equipment downstream of gas outlet is not a flare or vent system and can safely handle
maximum liquid carry over
3. Vessel function does not require handling separated liquid phases
4. Vessel is a small trap from which liquids are manually drained.
E Low Level Sensor (LSL)
1. LSL installed to protect each liquid outlet
2. Liquid level is not automatically maintained in the vessel, and the vessel does not have an
immersed heating element subject to excess temperature
3. Equipment downstream of liquid outlet(s) can safely handle maximum gas rates that can be
discharged through the liquid outlets(s) and the vessel does not have an immersed heating
element subject to excess temperature. Restrictions in the discharge line(s) may be used to
limit the gas flowrate
F High Temperature Sensor(TSH)
1. High temperature sensors are only applicable to vessels having a heat source
2. TSH installed
3. Heat source is incapable of causing excess temperature
G Flow Safety Valve (FSV)
1. FSV installed on each outlet
2. The maximum volume of hydrocarbons that could backflow from downstream equipment is
insignificant
3. A control device in the line will effectively minimise back flow
ATMOSPHERIC VESSELS

Vessel No. :

Vessel Description :

Undesirable Event Cause Detectable Abnormal Condition Primary Secondary

at Component Protection Protection

Overpressure Blocked or Restricted outlet High Pressure

Inflow exceeds outflow
Gas blowby from upstream component
Pressure control system failure
Thermal expansion
excess heat input
PUMPS

Pump No. :

Pump Description :

Undesirable Event Cause Detectable Abnormal Condition at Primary Secondary

Component Protection Protection

Overpressure Blocked or Restricted outlet High Pressure PSH PSV

Excess Backpressure
High inlet pressure (centrifugal)
Overspeed
Fluid Density increase
Leak Deterioration Low Pressure and backflow PSL & FSV ESS
Erosion
Corrosion
impact damage
vibration

A High Pressure Sensor (PSH) - Pipeline Pumps Device Tag No.

PSH Installed
B High Pressure Sensor (PSH) - Other Pumps
1. PSH Installed
2. Maximum pump discharge pressure does not exceed 70% of the maximum allowable working
pressure of the discharge system
3. Pump is manually operated and continuously attended
4. Small, low volume pumps. E.g. chemical injection
5. Pump discharges to an atmospheric vessel
6. Pump is a Glycol powered glycol pump
C Low Pressure Sensor (PSL) - Pipeline Pumps
1. PSL Installed
2. Pump does not handle hydrocarbons

D Low Pressure Sensor (PSL) - Other Pumps

1. PSL Installed
2. Pump is manually operated and continuously attended
3. Adequate containment is provided
4. Small, low volume pumps. E.g. chemical injection
5. Pump discharges to an atmospheric vessel
E Pressure Safety Valve (PSV) - Pipeline Pumps
1. PSV Installed
2. Pump is kinetic energy type and incapable of generating a head greater than the maximum
allowable working pressure of the discharge system
F Pressure Safety Valve (PSV) - Other Pumps
1. PSV Installed
2. Maximum discharge pressure is less than the maximum allowable working pressure of the
discharge system
3. Pump has internal pressure relief capability
4. Pump is glycol powered pump glycol pump, and the wet glycol low pressure discharge piping
is rated higher then the maximum discharge pressure
5. Pump is a Glycol powered glycol pump and the wet glycol low pressure discharge piping is
protected by a PSV on a downstream component that cannot be isolated from the pump

G Check Valve(FSV)
1. Check Valve installed
 COMPRESSOR

Vessel No. :

Vessel Description :

Undesirable Event Cause Detectable Abnormal Condition at Primary Secondary

Component Protection Protection

Overpressure Failure of upstream pressure control device High Pressure PSH (suction) PSV (suction)
(suction) Compressor Valve Failure
Leak (suction) Deterioration Low Pressure PSL (suction) ESS
Rupture
Accident
Overpressure Blocked Outlet High Liquid Level PSH (discharge) PSV (discharge)
(discharge) Excess backpressure
Leak (discharge) Deterioration Low Liquid Level PSL (discharge) ESS
Rupture and FSV
Accident (discharge)
Excess Temperature Compressor Valve Failure High Temperature TSH ESS
Excess Compression Ratio
Insufficient Flow
Cooler Failure

A High Pressure Sensor (PSH) - suction Device Tag No.

1. PSH Installed
2. Each input source is protected by a PSH that will also protect the compressor
B High Pressure Sensor (PSH) - discharge
1. PSH Installed
2. Compressor is protected by downstream PSH, located upstream of any cooler, that cannot
be isolated from the compressor
C Low Pressure Sensor (PSL) - suction
1. PSL Installed
2. Each input source is protected by a PSL that will also protect the compressor
D Low Pressure Sensor (PSL) - discharge
1. PSL Installed
2. Compressor is protected by downstream PSH, located upstream of any cooler, that cannot
be isolated from the compressor
E Pressure Safety Valve (PSV) - suction
1. PSV Installed
2. Each input source is protected by a PSV that will also protect the compressor
F Pressure Safety Valve (PSV) - discharge
1. PSV Installed
2. Compressor is protected by downstream PSV, located upstream of any cooler, that cannot
be isolated from the compressor
3. Compressor is kinetic energy type and incapable of generating a pressure greater than the
maximum allowable working pressure of the compressor or compressor discharge piping
G Check Valve(FSV)
1. Check Valve installed
H High Temperature Sensor (TSH)
1. TSH installed
HEAT EXCHANGERS

Exchanger No. :

Exchanger Description :

Undesirable Cause Detectable Abnormal Condition at Primary Secondary Protection

Event Component Protection

Overpressure Blocked or Restricted outlet High Pressure PSH PSV

Excess Backpressure
High inlet pressure (centrifugal)
Leak Deterioration Low Pressure or High Pressure (Tube Leak) PSL PSH, ESS
Erosion
Corrosion
impact damage
vibration

A High Pressure Sensor (PSH) Device Tag No.

1. PSH Installed
2. Input source to heat exchanger section cannot develop pressure greater than the maximum
allowable working pressure of the heat exchanger section
3. Each input source is protected by a PSH that also protects the heat exchanger section
4. A PSH is installed on a downstream component and cannot be isolated from the heat
exchanger section by block or regulating valves
B Low Pressure Sensor (PSL)
1. PSL Installed
2. Minimum operating pressure is atmospheric pressure when in service
3. PSL installed on another component will provide necessary protection and the PSL cannot be
isolated from the heat exchanger section when the heat exchanger is in service
C Pressure Safety Valve (PSV)
1. PSV Installed
2. Each input source is protected by a PSV set no higher than the maximum allowable working
pressure of the vessel and a PSV is installed on the vessel for fire exposure and thermal
expansion
3. Each input source is protected by a PSV set no higher than the maximum allowable working
pressure of the heat exchanger section and at least one of these PSV's cannot be isolated from
the heat exchanger section
4. PSV's on downstream equipment can satisfy relief requirement of heat exchanger section and
cannot be isolated from the heat exchanger section
5. Input sources to the heat exchanger section cannot develop pressure greater than the
maximum allowable working pressure of the heat exchanger section and the heat exchanger
section cannot be overpressured due to temperature or pressure in the other section
6. Each input source is protected by a PSV set no higher than the maximum allowable working
pressure of the heat exchanger section and the heat exchanger section cannot be
overpressured due to temperature or pressure in the other section
PIPELINES

Pipeline No. :

Pipeline Description :

Undesirable Cause Detectable Abnormal Condition at Primary Secondary

Event Component Protection Protection

Overpressure Blocked or Restricted outlet High Pressure PSH PSV

Thermal Expansion
Inflow exceeds outflow
Leak Deterioration Low Pressure PSL and FSV ESS
Erosion
Corrosion
impact damage
vibration

A High Pressure Sensor (PSH) Device Tag No.

1 PSH Installed
Flowline segment has a maximum allowable working pressure greater than the maximum shut in
pressure and is protected by a PSH on a downstream flowline segment
2

B Low Pressure Sensor (PSL)

1 PSL Installed
Flowline segment is between the well and the first choking device and is less than 10feet (3m) in
length or in the case of an underwater installation, reasonably colse to that distance
2

C Pressure Safety Valve (PSV)

1 PSV Installed
Flowline segment has a maximum allowable working pressure greater than the maximum shut in
pressure
Two SDV's (one of which may be the SSSV) with independent PSH's, relays and sensing points are
installed where there is adequate flowline volume upstream of the block valves to allow sufficient
time for the SDV's to close before exceeding the maximum allowable
Flowline segment is protected by a PSV on the upstream segment
Flowline segment is protected by a PSV on the downstream component that cannot be isolated
from the flowline segment and there are no chokes or other restrictions between the flowline
segment and the PSV
D Flow Safety Valve (FSV)
1 FSV Installed
2 FSV Installed
3 FSV Installed
2 Flowline segment is protected by FSV in final flowline segment