Designing and Fabrication of Double acting Hacksaw Machine

Avi Rana*1, Deepak Bailwal*2, Gagan Bansal3, Ashish Rawat4 and Himanshu Pandey5
*1, *2,4,5 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Graduate Student, Graphic Era Deemed to be University, Dehradun,
India
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Graphic Era Deemed to be University, Dehradun, India
*Corresponding Author: [email protected] (9412989922), [email protected]
ABSTRACT: - The objective of this work is to automate the conventional power hacksaw machine in order to
achieve high productivity of work-pieces than the power hacksaw machine using a Double hacksaw blade. The
operator need not measure the length of the work-piece that is to be cut. The machine feeds the work-piece with the
help of a shaft, which is driven by a DC motor. A DC motor is used to bring about the reciprocating motion required for
cutting the work-pieces. With the help of this multi-way power hacksaw machine, the four metal bars can be cut
simultaneously to get the high-speed cutting rate and to achieve mass production for maximum profit in related
companies. This project is very much useful and easy to install by the user and also the motor used will not only
operate with the help of electricity but also through conventional source of energy like solar energy.
Keywords: - Scotch Yoke Mechanism, fabrication, sliding mechanism, double acting hacksaw, Designing.
1. INTRODUCTION
In present condition many electrically operated power hacksaw machines of different companies with different
specifications are available for the use in the shop floor. These machines are so precise that they can cut metal bars
with minimum time made up of different materials but they have one and major disadvantage that those are able to
cut a single piece of the bar at a time. For industries to achieve the mass production, it is necessary to cut metal bars
with high rate. So it is impossible to depend upon conventional single frame power hacksaw machines and need the
improvement in technology and design of such machines. With the help of this multi-way power hacksaw machine, the
four metal bars can be cut simultaneously to get the high-speed cutting rate and to achieve mass production for
maximum profit in related companies. As this machine overcomes all the limitations and drawbacks of conventional
hacksaw machines, it is also helpful for small-scale industries due to its simple working and operating conditions
along with its compatibility, efficiency and affordable price. This project is about cutting the wood, metal, pipe, angle,
channel, flat plates, rods and such other things. This project is very much useful and easy to install by the user.
However, the author's name can be used along with the reference number in the running text. The order of reference
in the running text should match with the list of references at the end of the paper.
1.1 History of Hacksaw Machine: The saw was one of the first great innovations of the Metal Age. It was developed
with smelted copper, from which a blade could be cast. Many of the early copper saws have the general appearance
of large meat-carving knives. Egyptian illustrations from about 1500 BC onward show the saw being used to rip
boards, the timber being lashed to a vertical post set into the ground. Though
International Conference on Mechanical Industrial System Engineering (ICMISE’2018), Graphic Era Deemed to be University,
Dehradun, 1st 2nd June’2018 28
there is no evidence of the type of saw used, Egyptians were able to saw the hard stone. The blade was probably
toothless and rode on an abrasive material such as moistened quartz sand. The 7 1/2-foot granite coffer still in the
Great Pyramid carries saw marks. During the Bronze Age, saws became much more widespread in woodworking. It
was at this time that the modern form of the saw began to come into play. Some of the saws used resembled
hacksaw blades of today. Iron saws started to be produced in the mid-7th century BC.

1.2 Motivation
When we searching for our project in the market we show the demand of hacksaw blade is considerably increasing
day by day with the growth of industrialization, engineering sector, real estate, automobile sector etc. It is used in
almost every sector for cutting of materials like the angle, channel, flat plates, rods and such other things. It is also
required in auto repair shops, general repairing workshops, fitting shops, welding shops and technical institutes. Govt.
department of Railway, Defense, PWD, Postal & Telegraph and others are one of the main users of it. In India large
nos. of small enterprises are engaged in its manufacturing. By considering its demand, new production unit has a
great prospect. So from that, we have concluded that the future base hacksaw machine is used for very costly
machinery and in locomotives. The user can use this project in small industry, which cannot afford costly machinery.
2. LITERATURE SURVEY
2.1 Definition
Hacksaw Machines offered by us are used for metal cutting ranging from transportable model to giant size machine.
Owing to smooth & speedy functioning abilities, these hacksaw machines operations spontaneously for aiding the
worker in consistently carrying his work with ultimate competence. A sewing machine is a machine tool designed to
cut material to a desired length or contour. It functions by drawing a blade containing cutting teeth through the
workpiece. The sewing machine is faster and easier than a hand saw and is used principally to produce an accurate
square or mitred cut on the workpiece.
2.2 Scotch Yoke Mechanism
The scotch yoke is a mechanism for converting the linear motion of a slider into rotational motion or vice-versa. The
piston or other reciprocating part is directly coupled to a sliding yoke with a slot that engages a pin on the rotating
part. The shape of the motion of the piston is a pure sine wave over time given a constant rotational speed. The
Scotch yoke (also known as slotted link mechanism) is a reciprocating motion mechanism, converting the linear
motion of a slider into rotational motion, or vice versa. The piston or other reciprocating part is directly coupled to a
sliding yoke with a slot that engages a pin on the rotating part. The location of the piston versus time is a sine wave of
constant amplitude, and constant frequency is given a constant rotational speed. The term scotch yoke continues to
be used when the slot International Conference on Mechanical Industrial System Engineering (ICMISE’2018), Graphic Era
Deemed to be University, Dehradun, 1st 2nd June’2018 29
in the yoke is shorter than the diameter of the circle made by the crank pin. For example, the side rods of a locomotive
may have scotch yokes to permit vertical motion of intermediate driving axles.
2.3 Construction
The scotch yoke mechanism is constructed with iron bars. Here the crank is made in some length and the yoke is also
made using the same material. It is noted that the minimum length of the yoke should be double the length of the
crank. The crank and yoke are connected with a pin. Iron bars are welded to both sides of the yoke to get the
reciprocating motion The yoke with the iron bars is fixed on the display board with the help of c clamp. Now the crank
is welded to the end of the shaft of the motor. Now the pin on the crank is connected to the yoke.
3.HACKSAW MACHINE
3.1 Types of Hacksaw Machine
i. Light duty hacksaw machine.
ii. Hydraulic hacksaw machine.
iii. Power hacksaw machine.
iv. Circular band hacksaw machine.
v. Horizontal swing type band saw machine.
vi. Band hacksaw machine.
vii. Jigsaw machine.
viii. Universal type circular hacksaw machine.
ix. Double column band saw machine.
x. Chainsaw circular machine.

Fig -1: Scotch Yoke Mechanism

3.2 Working Principles Hacksaw Machine using Scotch yoke Mechanism
A hacksaw machine is work on the principle of SCOTCH YOKE MECHANISM in this rotary motion of the shaft is to be
converted into the reciprocating motion of hacksaw frame. Working principle of hacksaw machine is very simple. First
of all, the hacksaw machine is put on the ground and after that, whatever metal, wood, PVC, is cut is fixed on vice at
required length, after that the electric motor is connected with electricity. Now start the electric motor so due to that
the shaft of the motor and the hollow disc will be rotated and also rotate the eccentric Centre and link connect to it.
Due to rotation of links the hacksaw frame will be reciprocated on the metal and cutting of metal is done. International
Conference on Mechanical Industrial System Engineering (ICMISE’2018), Graphic Era Deemed to be University, Dehradun, 1 st 2nd
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Fig -2: Hacksaw Machine
3.3 Assembly of Hacksaw Machine
For assembly of hacksaw machine first of all on
the base plate electric motor is mount vertically,
the hollow disc having internal circle radius is
same as the radius of the shaft of the motor is fit
on the shaft and also the disc has an eccentric
center, a metal bar is a weld at the eccentric
center. The links one end is connected with the
end of hacksaw frame and the second end is
connected with the metal bar of eccentric centre.
The buckle type elements are connected at the
end of hacksaw frame and the link is connected
to this buckle, pipe provides support to the
hacksaw frame, the pipe is connected to the
base. Vice is also fit on the pipe and which also
connect with the base.
Features of Hacksaw Machine
i. Power efficiency.

ii. High productivity.

iii. Superb performance.
iv. High operational fluency.
v. Sturdy and robust design.

3.4 Hacksaw Blades

The hacksaw blade consists of different parts:
i. 2 pin holes

ii. Centerline

iii. Side

Fig.3 Hacksaw blade [Courtesy: -

http://www.dollfiedreams.com/viewtopic.php?f=3
9&t=11015&start=10]
3.5 Characteristics of Hacksaw Blade
The hacksaw blade has 2 main characteristics:
(1) Teeth pitch which is the number of teeth per
25 mm.

Fig 4 Teeth pitch [ Courtesy: -

http://www.blackburntools.com/articles/saw-
tooth-geometry/index.html]
(2) Blade length which is the length between
the centres of its pin holes.
International Conference on Mechanical Industrial
System Engineering (ICMISE’2018), Graphic Era
Deemed to be University, Dehradun, 1st 2nd
June’2018 31
4. INDUSTRIAL PURPOSES Evolution of Wear in a Scotch-Yoke Mechanism.
4.1 Advantages Journal of tribology, 125(3), 678-681.
i. The weight of the machine is less. [5] Budinski, K. G., & Budinski, M. K. (2009).
Engineering materials. Nature, 25, 28.
ii. It reduces the work of labour.
[6] Waldherr, A. (1989). U.S. Patent No.
iii. Easy to make because of simple construction. 4,835,869. Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and
iv. High production rate. Trademark Office. International Conference on
v. Cost is less. Mechanical Industrial System Engineering
(ICMISE’2018), Graphic Era Deemed to be University,
vi. Easy maintenance and maintenance cost is Dehradun, 1st 2nd June’2018 32
less.
vii. It
resists all atmospheric effects.
4.2 Disadvantages
i. Time consume more.

ii. Speed variation is required for cutting the

different metal
4.3 Applications
i. In engineering industry.

ii. In construction industry.

iii. In Workshop.

5. CONCLUSIONS
As per the above discussion, we concluded that
to overcome problems in conventional hacksaw
machines, due to high efficiency, easy to
operate and affordable price the proposed
model of multi-way power hacksaw the machine
is helpful and completes all the expectations
needed for the mini-industries. Future scope of
proposed research work to increase the
production rate cuts the metal bars easily. It can
withstand the vibrations, no hazards from a jerk,
no special training required to operate it. After
studying this report, we have to know that how
the A hacksaw machine will work and knowing
the construction and how mechanism work in
the machine. We learnt how the theoretical
design is possible in practise. Another hacksaw
machine is only cut one part at one time but this
machine cut the four parts at a time, this
hacksaw machine has lighter weight compared
to another machine. The cost of the machine is
less and easy to operate so it affordable for all
industry. The material cast iron which is used
will give the high strength than alloy steels. This
project is very much useful and easy to install by
the user and also the motor used will not only
operate with the help of electricity but also
through conventional source of energy like solar
energy
REFERENCES
[1]. R. Subhash, C.M. Meenakshi, K. Samuel
Jayakaran, C. Venkateshwara, R. Sasidharan,
“Fabrication pedal power Hacksaw.
[2] Peart, G. R. (1902). U.S. Patent No. 706,447.
Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark
Office.
[3] Martin, J. A., & Erisoty, G. J. (1998). U.S.
Patent Application No. 29/081,671.
[4] Sawyer, W. G., Diaz, K. I., Hamilton, M. A., &
Micklos, B. (2003). Evaluation of a Model for the
[7] Lipcha, B., Kadam, A., Gadakh, S., Yadav, A., & Pathan, F. U. RECTIFICATION OF POWER
HACKSAW MACHINE.
[8] Kalpakjian, S., & Schmid, S. R. (2014). Manufacturing engineering and technology (p. 913). Upper Saddle
River, NJ, USA: Pearson.