Bru Apron Drive

Brussels Airport Handbook
Traffic Rules
© Brussels Airport Company V18.09 1

Traffic rules 18/12/2018
Contents
Change in to the Traffic Rules .............................................................................................. 7

Indications of the Changes .............................................................................................. 7
Procedure concerning the changes ................................................................................. 7
General safety principles ................................................................................................................. 9
Airport badge and driving licence ........................................................................................ 9

Enforcement ........................................................................................................................ 9
Personal safety ................................................................................................................... 10
Smoking and drinking ........................................................................................................ 11
Damage or injury................................................................................................................ 11
Traffic rules airside......................................................................................................................... 13
Basic principles................................................................................................................... 13
Speed-limits ....................................................................................................................... 14
Signs and markings airside ................................................................................................. 14
Service drive with single white line (edge line) ............................................................. 16
Intersection of a service-drive with a taxiway or taxilane ............................................. 16
Mandatory stop ............................................................................................................. 17
“Aircraft crossing” (Prioriteit vliegtuigen) – mandatory stop........................................ 17
Special warning sign....................................................................................................... 18
Stopbar on a service drive ............................................................................................. 18
Markings on the apron....................................................................................................... 19
Stand numbering ........................................................................................................... 20
Markings on a stand ...................................................................................................... 20
Cargo Pre-positioning area: White dots ........................................................................ 23
Right of way ....................................................................................................................... 24
Marshallers ........................................................................................................................ 25
Vehicle movements and parking ....................................................................................... 25
Parking ........................................................................................................................... 27
Service-drives ................................................................................................................. 28
Maneuvering area .......................................................................................................... 31

Runway safety zones ..................................................................................................... 31
Safety zones and distances around aircraft ....................................................................... 32
Safety zone around parked aircraft (engines not running) ............................................... 32
Anti-collision lights ......................................................................................................... 36
Pedestrians and two-wheeled vehicles airside.................................................................. 36
Vehicles and equipment ................................................................................................................ 38
Identifiability ...................................................................................................................... 38
Cleaning and maintenance ................................................................................................ 39
Type approval and certification ......................................................................................... 39
Storage of equipment ........................................................................................................ 40
Access passes and permits ................................................................................................. 42
Requests for access passes ............................................................................................ 42
Accompanied access ...................................................................................................... 43
Unregistered vehicles ........................................................................................................ 44
Slow Vehicles ................................................................................................................. 44
Samples .............................................................................................................................. 45
Exceptional conditions ................................................................................................................... 47
Diplomatic mail .................................................................................................................. 47

Apron Warning system ...................................................................................................... 47
High winds .......................................................................................................................... 48
Thunder and lightning ........................................................................................................ 48
Freezing conditions, winter operations ............................................................................. 49
Reduced visibility ............................................................................................................... 49
Hazardous materials .......................................................................................................... 50
Fuelling/defueling .............................................................................................................. 51
Environmental impact........................................................................................................ 52
Infrastructure ................................................................................................................................. 53
Boarding bridges ................................................................................................................ 53

Emergency stop buttons for boarding-bridges.............................................................. 54

Docking Guidance System (DGS) ....................................................................................... 56
Emergency stop (aircraft stop) buttons ......................................................................... 56
Hydrant refuelling system (HRS) ........................................................................................ 58
Collection points for Cargo, Mail and Baggage found on the tarmac. .............................. 59
Collection point for found and/or damaged cones ........................................................... 60
Temporary storage for (technically) defect equipment .................................................... 60
61
Foreign Object Debris – FOD.......................................................................................................... 62
Airport Driving-license ................................................................................................................... 64
Categories .......................................................................................................................... 64
Conditions .......................................................................................................................... 65
Issue ................................................................................................................................... 65
Validity ........................................................................................................................... 66
Loss or theft ................................................................................................................... 66
Class A license .................................................................................................................... 66
Class B license .................................................................................................................... 67
Sanctions ........................................................................................................................................ 68
Categories of offence ......................................................................................................... 68

Methods of determining speeding .................................................................................... 69
Measures in case of violations of speeding limits ............................................................. 69
Procedures related to all other traffic offences ................................................................ 70
Appeal procedure .............................................................................................................. 71
Definitions ...................................................................................................................................... 73
Important telephone numbers ...................................................................................................... 77
Context – why these rules exist

To improve traffic-safety and encourage correct and responsible driving airside, Brussels
Airport Company has drawn up the rules contained in this document. Provisions for
enforcing the rules have also been put in place.

Everyone working airside is expected to be familiar with these rules, and anyone driving
a vehicle airside (without a follow-me) is required to hold an airside driving license. The
use of vehicles airside is to be kept to the minimum consistent with operational
requirements.
These rules are included in the Brussels Airport Handbook and everyone can consult the
Handbook:
 on Brussels Airport Company web-site www.brusselsairport.be

 on the Safety Management Unit web-site www.brusafety.be
If these rules or any point in them seem open to more than one interpretation, the
Dutch text is to be taken as authoritative.
These traffic-rules have been drawn up to apply the following regulations:
 articles 30 and 31 of the Royal Decree of 27 May 2004, which concerns the
transformation of the Brussels International Airport Company (B.I.A.C.) into a
“naamloze vennootschap van privaat recht” and the airport infrastructure
 article 7,3° of the Royal Decree of 21 June 2004, which awards the operating
license for Brussel-Nationaal airport to B.I.A.C.;
 the Resolution of 31 March 2006, by the Regulatory Service for Rail Traffic and the
operation of Brussel-Nationaal airport, which defines the Conditions of Use for the
airport infrastructure and also the additional provisions for making these
conditions known.
 Terms of reference TER-RUL 02

Change in to the Traffic Rules

The text of the Traffic Rules is updated on a regular basis. A total overview of the
amendments can be found in the change log published hereunder. Each new publication
will have a serial number.
The changes to the document will be necessary in the following cases:
 Changes in the national and international laws, as well as the rules concerning
safety in general and safety at the airport in particular.
 Important changes concerning the procedures, employees, equipment and
facilities.
The changes in the traffic rules will be communicated on the OAM forum, the Apron
Safety Committee and the Safety Bulletins.
Indications of the Changes

When there is a change, it is easy to identify it and see what has been changed since the
last publication by:
New text or update
The new and the adapted texts will be highlighted in green.
Texts to be deleted
The texts to be deleted will be highlighted in gray.
A summary of the changes (Change log) of each version give an overview of all the
changes made.
Procedure concerning the changes

Any change to the traffic rules will be made on request and under the responsibility of
the Head of Aerodrome Services. The changes will be executed by himself or a member
of his staff. This staff member is identified by his/her initials as indicated in the change
log.

Table of the changes to the traffic rules
Nr Text reference Change date Experts Tick correct box

Initials
area deleted new update
1 Pag.62 19/10/2017 JLP/DVH X

Driving
license/Conditions
2 Pag.62 21/12/2017 JLP/DVH X

Driving
license/Conditions
3 Pag. 34 (point 3.38.1) 24/05/2018 WGE/JLP X (picture

change of sorage area removed)
for chocks & cones at
the Pier B
4 Pag 40 (point 4.9 24/05/2018 WGE/JLP X

storage of equipment)

General safety principles
Topics
In this chapter:
Airport badge and driving licence .................................................................................................... 9
Enforcement .................................................................................................................................... 9
Personal safety ............................................................................................................................... 10
Smoking and drinking .................................................................................................................... 11
Damage or injury............................................................................................................................ 11
Airport badge and driving licence

Everyone using a vehicle airside must hold:
2.1
 an airport badge or a temporary access permit, clearly visible whenever the holder
is airside or in the baggage-sorting hall, which is considered as airside
2.2
 a currently valid class A airport driving license.
 All movements on Airside should be duty related and the begin /end must be on
Airside. All movements which might be performed Landside may not be executed
via Airside.
Enforcement
Airside Inspection of Brussels Airport Company is responsible for supervising airside
traffic (including the controlled parts of the perimeter road). This department has the
authority to halt airside traffic, change the regulations or take special measures in
exceptional circumstances.
2.3
Instructions given by Airside Inspection are to be obeyed even if they conflict with these
Rules.
2.4
All identity-cards, access permits and airport driving licenses required when driving
airside must be shown to Airside Inspection staff immediately upon request. Every
member of staff authorized to request these documents will identify him or herself.

Anyone who happens not have his or her airside driving license immediately available
must present it to Airside Inspection for inspection the same day.
Infringements of the Airside Traffic Rules will be recorded by Airside Inspection, and
administrative measures may be taken as a result.
Personal safety
2.5
Staff working (or in a vehicle) airside must wear high-visibility clothing (reflective/day-
glow material to EN ISO standard 20471 (class 2)). This rule also applies to:
 the baggage-sorting hall, which is considered as airside

 Air-crew, except during accompanied transfer between crew-bus and aircraft.
Large groups of visitors who are accompanied airside can be exempted from this rule if
Airside Inspection give permission.
Day-glow jacket and airport badge

Smoking and drinking

2.6
Smoking or lighting a flame is forbidden airside, even inside vehicles and mobile
equipment
2.7
It is forbidden to drive a vehicle or other mobile equipment, while under the influence of
alcohol, anesthetics, sleeping-pills or other substances (for example, recreational or
prescription drugs) that could have an impact on driving or risk putting other airport
users in danger. This is also valid for persons executing their duties on airside without
necessarily driving a vehicle or other mobile equipment.
Anyone with a blood-alcohol level of more than 0.5 mg per liter is considered as under
the influence of alcohol.
Damage or injury
2.8
In the interests of airport safety, Airside Inspection must be notified immediately of any
incident causing damage (however minor) to an aircraft
2.9
Airside Inspection must be notified immediately of any accidents that involve casualties,
or that cause damage to airport infrastructure owned or operated by Brussels Airport
Company.
Airside Inspection +32 2 753 69 00
Each stakeholder must be assured that their staff performed their duty in a safely way.
In case of accident and/or incident the handler will performed a grounded investigation
to the cause of this accident / incident. The report will be sent spontaneously to the H&S
department of Brussels Airport Company.
BAC keeps all right of an audit. BAC may, in case of negligence, on the involved
stakeholder’s expenses, take the needed actions.
2.10
Anyone involved in any accident, and any witnesses, must remain at the scene until
Airside Inspection arrive to make a report, and then identify themselves and explain
their role.
If a witness then needs to leave the scene without delay, because of commitments than
cannot be rescheduled, he or she may leave the scene with the permission of the person

who has to make the report. After meeting these commitments, the witness must lodge
a report with Airside Inspection.
2.11
Requests for urgent medical assistance must be reported to the number 02 753 63 63.
Fire & Emergency Services are responsible for the response co-ordination. If an
ambulance/ MUG (paramedics) is/are required, Fire & Emergency Services is responsible
for the emergency call. Aerodrome Services will provide the escort for the vehicle(s) to
the place where they are needed.

Traffic rules airside
Topics
In this chapter:
Basic principles............................................................................................................................... 13
Speed-limits ................................................................................................................................... 14
Signs and markings airside ............................................................................................................. 14
Markings on the apron................................................................................................................... 18
Right of way ................................................................................................................................... 23
Marshallers .................................................................................................................................... 25
Vehicle movements and parking ................................................................................................... 25
Safety zones and distances round aircraft ..................................................................................... 32
Pedestrians and two-wheeled vehicles airside.............................................................................. 36
Basic principles
3.1
The principles of the “Algemeen reglement op de politie van het wegverkeer” (General
regulations for road traffic – Royal Decree of 1/12/1975) apply, unless these Airside
Traffic Rules modify them.

Speed-limits
The following local speed-limits apply:
3.2
 the maximum speed allowed on the perimeter road is 50 km/h
3.3
 the maximum speed allowed on the service-drives is 30 km/h
3.4
 the maximum speed allowed on the aircraft stand service-drives is 5 km/h
3.5
 the maximum speed allowed on the stands is 5 km/h
3.6
 the maximum speed allowed when reversing is 5 km/h
3.7
 the maximum speed allowed in the baggage sorting room is 5 km/h
Electrical vehicles used the bag rooms must be equipped with an automatic speed
limit system. The requirements were detailed in the user’s conditions and
published in het BHB.
3.8
 whenever dangerous driving behavior is noticed such as , but not limited to,
speeding in the vicinity if aircraft stands, exits of the baggage sorting area or
driving in a dangerous way not suitable for the type of vehicle used
Are unacceptable and are considered serious offences.
Airside Inspection is authorized to carry out speed-checks, according to agreed
procedures, and these checks can lead to the suspension of an airside driving license or
to other measures. These checks can be performed by means of speedguns or
determining the speed by driving behind the vehicle.
These speed limits do not apply to vehicles of the safety and emergency services
vehicles when their flashing lights are on.
Signs and markings airside

The following colors are used for road-markings:
 WHITE for markings related to safe movement for vehicles and for vehicle parking
on aprons
 YELLOW for markings related to safe movement for aircraft (centerline for
taxiways and markings on the stands)
 RED for markings indicating a possible danger

Double white line (edge line)

3.9
Crossing this line without permission from Airside Inspection and/or traffic control is
forbidden
Service drive with single white line (edge line)

3.10
Crossing this line is only allowed when the destination is outside the service drive;
vehicles must remain on the service-drive until as close as possible to that destination
Intersection of a service-drive with a taxiway or taxilane

3.11
Where a service-drive intersects with a taxiway or a taxilane the edge line of the
service-drive is marked with a checkered line. Crossing this line is forbidden.

Mandatory stop
3.12
Drivers must come to a complete stop before passing any Stop sign.
“Aircraft crossing” (Prioriteit vliegtuigen) – mandatory stop

3.13
Even when no aircraft is visible, drivers must come to a complete stop before passing
any Aircraft Priority sign.

Special warning sign

3.14
This special warning sign indicates that on this location jetblast from aircraft may
occur.
Stopbar on a service drive

3.15
A service drive stopbar is a system of red beacons inserted in the pavement of a service
drive and that may be lit for a longer period of time.
It is strictly prohibited to cross a lit service drive stopbar at all times and an alternative
routing must be chosen by the driver of the vehicle.

Markings on the apron
 Pier A
 service-drive next to Pier A
 service-drive on Apron
Fig. 1. Markings on the apron
 Diagram showing stands 159-161 on Pier A, with one service drive in front of the stands and
one behind them

Stand numbering
 stand numbers for

vehicles
 taxiway centre-line and

stand numbers for
aircraft
Fig. 2. Stand numbering for vehicles and aircraft
Markings on a stand
  
Fig. 3. Markings on a stand

Legend
1. The hatched area marked in red is the operating area of the boarding-bridge:
parking and waiting are forbidden here
2. The yellow line is the centerline pilots follow to park an aircraft
3. The red/white line is a safety line that marks the limits of the equipment staging
area
Equipment staging area: white/red/white

The equipment staging area is the area between the white edge line of the service-drive
and the white/red/white stand safety line.
3.16
Equipment required for handling an aircraft may be brought here, no more than twenty
minutes before the aircraft is due to arrive. The equipment must be removed as soon as
the handling activities are completed – this is not a parking area.
On Aprons 3 and 4 (power-in/power-out stands), broken red/white lines are used; see
photo above right.
On Apron 51c (power-in / power-out stands) defined areas are painted in broken white /
red lines. In these areas it is allowed to preposition chocks and cones 20’ before the
aircraft is due to arrive. The equipment must be removed as soon as the handling
activities are completed. This is not an equipment parking area.

On the staging area of certain stands surfaces have been painted with GSE
identifications (e.g. stairs, GPU, …). These surfaces are to be used for the pre-positioning
of such equipment before the arrival of the flight only and in accordance with the terms
of use of the staging areas
Equipment parking area: white
3.17
Area defined with white lines: equipment and vehicles may be parked here. There is no
restriction on parking in an equipment parking area.
Defined zones with a full white line and where a textbox mentioned to which airport
user this zone is assigned. The not assigned parking boxes are free for all airport users.
Equipment parking area next to safety line: double white line
3.18
Where an equipment parking area is next to a safety line, a second white line is added.
There is no restriction on parking in an equipment parking area.

Equipment Parking Area
Cargo Pre-positioning area: White dots

3.18 bis
On apron 9 there are, next to the normal staging areas, also cargo pre-positioning area’s
foreseen. These can be found on wide-body stands only. These area’s may only be used
for the pre-positioning of cargo and/or post planned for the handling of wide-body
aircrafts. These zones are characterized by angled line pieces on the corners filled with
short lines (+/- 10 cm) (see image hereunder). These zones may not be used for the pre-
positioning of the equipment. These zones must be free directly after the departure of
the aircraft.
Aircraft stand service drive
3.19
An aircraft stand service-drive is a service-drive the edge lines of which feature

triangular markings as shown in the image above
An aircraft stand service-drive may only be used for traffic heading towards or
returning from an adjacent aircraft stand. No through-traffic is allowed. An exception
on this rule can be made for fuel trucks, winter ops vehicles, mobile aircraft stairs
and emergency services.
The speed limit on an aircraft stand service-drive is 5km/h.
Right of way
3.20
Absolute priority must be given to moving aircraft (towed, pushed or moving under their
own power) and to any aircraft when its anti-collision lights are on.
General airside traffic must also give way to the following, in descending order of
importance:
3.20.1
 help- and rescue-service vehicles if their blue flashing lights and/or sirens are on
3.20.2
 security service vehicles and marshallers’ vehicles, if their yellow flashing lights are
on
3.20.3
 passengers on foot
3.20.4
 vehicles already on the aprons, when coming from the manœuvring area
3.20.5
 vehicles already on the service-drive, when coming from the aprons

Marshallers
3.21
No-one may block the line of sight between pilot and marshaller while the marshaller is
giving signals.
3.22
When marshalling activity needs to use a service-drive, the marshaller must park his
vehicle diagonally across the service-drive. All traffic on that service-drive must stop
until the marshalling activity is completed. It is strictly forbidden to drive behind the
marshaller whilst performing marshalling duties
Vehicle movements and parking

3.23
Everyone driving airside must take care to avoid putting anyone in danger. Special
attention must be paid to aircraft leaving or approaching their stand.
3.23.1
Reversing is only allowed where driving forward is impossible
3.23.2
Driving over any hose (for example, fire-hose or PCA connector) or cable is forbidden.
Special attention must be paid to cables hanging from boarding-bridges.
3.23.3
Drivers must make sure the way is clear before moving off, and must be aware of the
height of the vehicle where clearance is limited.
3.23.4
When reversing, vehicles which may not be clearly visible must be fitted with adequate
visible and audible warnings; alternatively, they must be accompanied by a second
person who stands out of the path of the vehicle and remains in eye-contact with the
driver.
3.23.5
Tow-trucks may not start towing (or preparing to tow) an aircraft until its anti-collision
lights are on.
3.23.6
Vehicles over 3.5 m high must have a visible reminder of their height in the driving-
cabin, where the driver can see it.
3.23.7

Drivers must make sure before moving off make that any load is protected, and that all
vehicles and mobile equipment have been cleared of loose strips of plastic, ropes, loose
planks and similar material that might fall off. Freight may only be carried in vehicles
approved and fitted for freight-transport.
3.23.8
A towing-truck must not haul more than 6 attachments (trolleys, dollies or trailers). The
total length of a towing-train (tractor/towing-truck and attachments) must not exceed
30 m.
3.23.9
People may only be carried in passenger-vehicles
3.23.10
Loaded baggage-carts must be kept closed at all times (whether in use or parked)
3.23.11
The pole of the carts or trailers must be put in an upright position every time it is not
connected
3.23.12
It is forbidden to transport baggages on top of carts or ULD’s.

The transport of pieces of baggages on top of or in (open) vehicles is only allowed when
enough protection such as adequate railings is present to prevent baggages from falling
down.
3.23.13
 Live animals such as PETS or assistance animals may only be transported in suitable
carts. The cages must be stowed in such a way that these will stay in the upright
position during the transport to and from the aircraft.
 Weather conditions shall be taken into consideration when transporting these
animal and appropriate measures must be taken whenever necessary to guarantee
the wellbeing of the animal.
 Live animals shall not remain in the carts longer than the time necessary to
transport these to their destination on the airport.
 A specific zone for carts with live animals is available under the Connector. De
user’s conditions were published in the BH. Each user must report to the Airside
Inspection.

3.23.14
It is forbidden to drive underneath the moveable parts of boarding bridges.
3.23.15
Using a trunking while driving is equated with a portable telephone which included in
the general regulations on road-traffic police stated below:
 Except if his/her vehicle is stationary or parked, the driver may not use a hand-
held portable telephone
 Using a hand-held portable telephone or trunking is therefore prohibited while

driving.
Parking
Parking is forbidden:
3.24.1
 on areas marked with red or white hatching
3.24.2
 over fuel-pits and valve-rooms for the hydrant refuelling system (HRS)
Fig. 4. Fuel-pit
3.24.3
 in front of emergency exits
3.24.4

 in front of doors, gates and steps used by passengers or air-crew, except for buses
while passengers and air-crew are boarding or alighting
3.24.5
 if it obliges other vehicles to reverse; special attention must be paid to fuel-supply
trucks
Other restrictions that apply:
3.24.6
Vehicles and handling equipment may only be parked in clearly-marked parking areas.
3.24.7
On stands, vehicles and handling equipment should where possible be parked so that
they can leave their parking place without having to reverse
3.24.8
Vehicles parked with their engines running to bring hydraulic/pneumatic systems up to

pressure or keep them there must use hand-brake, outriggers (stabilisers) or blocks to
prevent them from moving
3.24.9
Keys of unattended vehicles must be removed at all times. Exceptions are slow vehicles
as indicated in art. 4.18 of these traffic rules
Service-drives
3.25
The service-drives are roadways on an apron, marked by single, solid white lines and
reserved for safe movement of vehicles and ground equipment. They must always be
used.
3.25.1
The service drives situated behind the aircraft stands, indicated in orange on the
pictures below, are forbidden for:
 cars
 Busses and minivans
 Delivery vans

Fig. 1. Apron 3
Fig. 2. Apron 50
Fig. 3. Pier A – Pier B

Fig. 4. Apron 60
These service drives have been marked with a prohibition sign as indicated here below.
This sign has been painted on the ground.
Fig. 5. Prohibition sign for cars, delivery vans and (mini)busses
3.26
Vehicles which are too big to use the service drives may drive, exceptionally and on their
own responsibility, outside the service drives on condition that this does not endanger
aircraft or other road-users.
3.27

When driving to a destination outside the service drives, drivers must follow the service-
drives to the shortest possible distance from their destination. Only when they reach
this point may they cross the solid, single line marking the edge of the service-drive.
3.28
Where a service-drive crosses a taxi-way, drivers must never obstruct an approaching

aircraft or bring in it in danger.
Maneuvering area
3.29
No-one may take a vehicle on the maneuvering area without permission from the
control-tower. Anyone entering the zone, is obliged to follow the instructions from the
control-tower and to stay in permanent radio-contact with the traffic control.
3.30
Every vehicle used on the maneuvering area without a follow-me vehicle must be
painted yellow and equipped with yellow flashing lights. Two exceptions apply:
Help- and emergency services vehicles belonging to the airport fire brigade must be
painted red and equipped with blue flashing lights
Push-back vehicles and towing vehicles need not comply with this rule; they must,
however, always take the shortest possible route when leaving the maneuvering area
3.31
Flashing lights must be turned on so that vehicles can easily be tracked by the control-
tower.
3.32
To drive on the maneuvering area, drivers must hold a class B airport driving licence (see
“Driving-licence classes”) or be accompanied:
By a follow-me car in radio contact with the control-tower
For Winter Operations, by a convoy leader who holds a class B airport driving licence and
is in radio contact with the control-tower
Runway safety zones

3.33
Runway safety zones are identified by:
 markings
 signs
 stop bars
Crossing a lit stop-bar is absolutely forbidden.
Safety zones and distances around aircraft

Brussels Airport Company has included this section in the airside traffic rules because of
the danger to vehicles that jet-blast and suction represent. Observing the advised
minimum distance from aircraft reduces the risk of related incidents and accidents.
When running, aircraft engines have an impact on their surroundings because of blast
(thrust) and because of suction. Special attention is therefore required when using
vehicles close to aircraft whose engines are running.
When driving a vehicle on a service drive, it is prohibited to overtake a taxiing airplane
on a parallel taxiway.
The use of PED (Personal Electronic device; cell phone, trunking ,tablets, laptop with a
network connection,...during fuel activities, within the safety perimeter of 3m around
the hydrant pit, hydrant dispenser hoses , refuelling and vent pipes , is FORBIDDEN.
Safety zone around parked aircraft (engines not running)

The safety zone extends for a minimum of 4.5 meters from the outline of the aircraft.
Only vehicles strictly required for handling duties are allowed in this zone.

Fig. 6. Safety zone round parked aircraft
3.34
Except for ground-staff who connect the external power supply to the aircraft and place
chocks under the nose-wheel, no-one may approach an aircraft (on foot or with any
vehicle) before the engines have been shut down and the anti-collision light is off.
3.35
Driving under the wings or body of an aircraft, unless absolutely necessary for handling
activities, is forbidden.
3.36
Every vehicle must come to a complete stand-still (safety stop) before entering the
safety zone round an aircraft; this reduces the risk of a collision with the aircraft if the
brakes fail.
3.37
No motorised vehicles may come within 4.5 m of an aircraft, except for specially adapted
vehicles which are connected to the aircraft; for example, catering trucks. These vehicles
must be accompanied by a second person, unless they are specially equipped with a
glass front, a transparent roof-light or a wide-angle camera and monitor.
3.38
During parking of the airplane on stand : chocks & cones will be put ready for use
outside the safety zone, i.o.w. inside the staging area- Unrolled 400Hz-cable is allowed
when retained by a person also situated outside the safety zone. The cable lies before
stop position 1, by which it cannot be driven over by an airplane. (Only applicable on
stands with 400Hz-pits).
As soon as the airplane has made a complete stop and the headman gives the sign;
chocks on the nose gear and cones are placed and 400Hz cable connected. The
determination of order can be subject of discussion between handler and airline.
Brussels Airport does not give any guidelines concerning this.
As soon as all engines are shut down and the anti-collision lights are off: all other
persons and equipment are authorized in the safety-zone.
3.38.1
Safety cones and wheel chocks shall be used and placed in the following manner:
Safety Cones:
Safety Cones as shown in the picture below may only be used for securing an aircraft
and may not be removed from the stand. Any inappropriate use of or damage to these
cones must be reported to Airside Inspection.
Narrow body aircraft need to be secured using at least 4 safety cones (of which 2 cones
must be placed at the aircrafts wingtips and at least 2 should mark the engines).
Wide body aircraft are to be secured with safety cones placed at all engines and at both
wingtips.

Aircraft Wheel Chocks:

At least 2 wheel units need to be secured by means of aircraft wheel chocks. For safety
reasons, propeller engine aircraft are exempted from this rule, only the nose gear needs
to be secured by means of aircraft wheel chocks.
All safety cones and aircraft wheel chocks need to be stored correctly after use. Cones
and chocks may not be removed from the aircraft stand for where they are foreseen and
intended to be used.
Safety zones for aircraft with motors running
Fig. 7. Safety zones for jet-engined aircraft

3.39
It is forbidden to enter the safety zone of an aircraft with engines running.

The safety zone extends to:
 Minimum 7.5 meters in front of the running engine of an aircraft standing still.
 Minimum 75 meters behind the running engine of an aircraft standing still.
 Minimum 125 meters behind the running engine of a taxiing aircraft
 Minimum 7.5 meters from the wing tips of a taxiing aircraft.
3.40
When crossing in front of an approaching aircraft, the vehicle must be at least 200
meters away from the aircraft.
Anti-collision lights
3.41
Every aircraft moving on the movement area must turn on its anti-collision lights, during
the day as well as at night. "Moving” covers taxiing, being towed, or temporarily at a
stand-still during taxiing or towing.
Pedestrians and two-wheeled vehicles airside

3.42
Pay particular attention to pedestrians.
3.42.1
There must be a distance of at least 1 meter between moving vehicles and pedestrians.
3.42.2
Pedestrians must stay on the marked footpaths and pedestrian-crossings.
3.42.3
Where there is no foot-path, pedestrians must keep to the left-hand side of the
perimeter road (facing oncoming traffic) and walk in single file
3.42.4
Pedestrians must not cross the aprons
3.42.5
Pedestrians may not use the parts of the service drive that intersect with a taxiway or
taxilanes. These intersections are marked with a checkered line on the edge of the
service drive.

3.42.6
Passengers must always be accompanied by staff from a handling company or an airline.
3.42.7
It is forbidden to walk between connected trailers except for personnel of ground

handling services who use these ULD’s and trailers for operational reasons. At all times
operational procedures must be respected.
3.43
Using a bicycle, a moped/scooter or motorcycle airside is forbidden, with the exception

of police motorcycles on official business. These must always use the shortest available
route.

Vehicles and equipment
Topics
In this chapter
Identifiability .................................................................................................................................. 38
Cleaning and maintenance ............................................................................................................ 39
Type approval and certification ..................................................................................................... 39
Storage of equipment .................................................................................................................... 40
Access passes and permits ............................................................................................................. 42
Unregistered vehicles .................................................................................................................... 44
Samples .......................................................................................................................................... 45
Identifiability
4.1
Every vehicle used or intended to be used airside must be clearly identifiable at a

distance. This applies to both the non-registered as well the registered vehicles with a
permanent permission to access the airside (red sticker).
Only exception: vehicles from protocol are exempt of identification.
4.1.1
All vehicles must display the company name or some other identifying mark (for
example a logo) on both sides of the vehicle on a central and sufficient visible. This
identifying mark must be registered with Airside Inspection.
The only exception to this are vehicles possessing provisional permission to access
airside (orange card / vignette), with identification being made as follows:
- Magnetic plates provided with company name on both sides of the vehicle on a central
and sufficient visible;
- A printed A3 or A4 size provided with company name attached behind the side
windows on both sides of the vehicle, provided the windows are not tinted. If the
windows are tinted, identification will have to be attached to the outside of the
windows.
4.1.2
The letters used must be at least 10 cm high.
4.1.3
All trailers (eg. Dolleys) must be clearly identifiable by means of painted corners and
markings, which will allow to identify the owner.
Cleaning and maintenance

4.2
Both drivers and owners must make sure their vehicles and mobile equipment is
properly maintained and tested, as recommended by the manufacturers. Any vehicle or
mobile equipment that may present a risk to traffic safety must immediately be taken
out of service.
4.3
All vehicles and mobile equipment must be correctly maintained. It must be washed
regularly, and repainted when necessary. All motorised vehicles used inside aircraft
safety-zones need to be fitted with reflectors or reflective tape that show their outline.
4.4
All motorised vehicles must be equipped with lighting, in accordance with the applicable
European guidelines (CEN standards).
Type approval and certification

4.5
Registered equipment and vehicles must be tested as legally required, and checked
regularly as recommended by the manufacturer.
4.6
Mobile equipment and unregistered vehicles must be maintained by the company

responsible, according to an agreed maintenance schedule.
4.7
Inspection records must be produced for Airside Inspection on request.
4.8
Gas-powered vehicles are allowed airside under condition that these vehicles are never
used in closed buildings.
The storage of gas (compressed or not) airside must be approved by the following
departments of Brussels Airport Company:

 Safetymanagement
 Fire department
 Environmental department
 Airside Inspection
4.8 bis
Vehicles with year of construction from 2018 equipped to access the manoeuvre area
(VTS, Airband) may not be fitted with an AM/FM radio and/or CD player, since using
these would disrupt communication with air traffic control.
Storage of equipment
4.9
Hoses, or cables (for example, PCA and 400Hz.) as well as cones, chocks and other
equipment must be stored correctly after use.
Fig. 8. Equipment storage area at Pier A

The PCA boxes under the BB at the Pier B are not meant to be used as storage area for
the cones and chocks. Concrete blocks at the Pier B were installed to store correctly the
cones and chocks.
Fig. 9. Storage area for cones and chocks at Pier B
Special storage areas for cones and chocks are provided on the remote stands.
Fig. 10. Storage area for cones and chocks – remote stands
4.10
400 Hz pits must be kept closed when not in use.
4.11
Tools, equipment or vehicles must not be left where there is a risk they may blow or roll
away.
4.12

Containers must always be anchored, or stored within the container area as follows:
 On a trailer
 On a ULD stacker system
 With a rope and roped together (this is only allowed in a ULD zone equipped with
Heras fencing.)
4.13
Where a handler or contractor does not act on a request from Airside Inspection to
remove an obstruction, Airside Services will have the obstruction removed at the
expense of the handler, owner or contractor concerned. The person concerned will be
notified and may submit a request for the return of the item(s) involved; the related
costs will have to be repaid, and there will be an administrative surcharge. Items that
have not been returned within 3 months of the notification can be sold as scrap.
Access passes and permits

4.14
Using private vehicles or vehicles of a private nature is not permitted except in very
exceptional circumstances. Assigning this is assessed by the committee indicated for this
purpose.
Every permitted vehicle brought or used airside must have an access pass. This pass
must be clearly visible from outside the vehicle, as explained on the back of the pass.
The Operations department of Brussels Airport Company issues four types of access
pass/permit for vehicles:
 Red access pass for airside only. Access passes for unregistered vehicles can be
restricted to a specific zone, if required.
 White/yellow access pass for unregistered vehicles.
 orange access permit for temporary access to non-public areas of the airport
 To access the perimeter road, the vehicle needs to be registered.
For examples of the different access passes, see “Samples”.
Requests for access passes

Access passes must be requested by submitting the appropriate request-form to the
Operations department of Brussels Airport Company.
The request must be signed by the company representative known to Operations as
responsible for access permits.
Where access passes are needed because works to be carried out for Brussels Airport
Company or another company based at the airport involve access to non-public areas of

the airport, the request must be submitted by the person in Brussels Airport Company
responsible for these works.
Only one access pass can be requested on each form. Each request must be
accompanied by a photocopy of the vehicle registration document and a photocopy of
the insurance policy covering the vehicle. For coaches and buses a photocopy of the
operating license is also required, plus a copy of the global insurance where applicable.
Every access pass or temporary access permit is issued for a fixed period. The maximum
period is one calendar year, except for:
 yellow/white access passes, valid for 5 years

 orange cards, temporary access permits valid for a maximum of one month
If an access pass is lost, a new pass can be issued after the loss has been declared in
writing and a new request has been submitted. There is a fixed administrative charge for
the new pass.
If an access pass has to be replaced for another reason, for example fitting a new
windscreen, the replacement will only be issued after the original pass has been
produced.
4.15
If a vehicle and/or its access pass is stolen, both Operations and Security must be
informed immediately.
The administrative charge set by Brussels Airport Company must be paid before an
access pass is issued. The list of charges can be consulted at the Operations office.
Accompanied access
4.16
People and vehicles without a valid access pass or permit must be accompanied by a
follow-me vehicle (to be requested from Airside Inspection) or by someone responsible
for their presence airside who holds a valid airport driving licence.
However, these vehicles must also have been provided with the necessary identification
(whether permanent or not) on both sides of the vehicle.
4.16.1
Vehicles which must enter the Airside area must wait on the follow-me vehicle for
further escort Airside in the foreseen “follow-me waiting zones” near the WP Tarmac
and the WP Hangar 40. These “follow-me waiting zones” are easily recognized by the
following traffic sign and marking on the floor.

Unregistered vehicles
All unregistered vehicles must:
4.17
 have a sign at the back, where the number-plate would normally be, identifying
the owner with the company name or logo and the fleet-number of the vehicle
This sign must match the standard model designed by Brussels Airport Company:
red or black numbers at least 10 cm high, on a white background
4.18
 Display an access sticker issued by the Operations department of Brussels Airport
Company, on the windscreen or on the engine compartment of the vehicle.
This yellow and white access pass shows the name of the company and the fleet-
number of the vehicle. .
Slow Vehicles
“Slow vehicle” means:
 all handling equipment described in the CEN standards 12312, covering mobile
steps for passengers, baggage conveyors, fuel bowsers, de-icing trucks,
maintenance platforms with a hydraulic scissor-lift, push-back and nose-wheel
lifters, scissor-lifters and container transporters, water-, toilet- and waste vehicles,
power-trucks (ground power units or GPU), air-conditioning vehicles and air
starters
 agricultural or forestry tractors
 any trailer pulled only by one of the vehicles named earlier this list
Airside Inspection may in exceptional circumstances consider other vehicles as “slow
vehicles”. Requests for this sort of exemption must be submitted by fax on the number
02 753 69 09.

Samples
Fig. 11. Access permits for airside (red)
Fig. 12. Acces permit for Airside and arrival CURB (red / blue)

Fig. 13. Access permit for unregistered vehicles
Fig. 14. Temporary access pass

Exceptional conditions
Topics
In this chapter
Diplomatic mail .............................................................................................................................. 47
Apron Warning system .................................................................................................................. 47
High winds ...................................................................................................................................... 48
Thunder and lightning .................................................................................................................... 48
Freezing conditions ........................................................................................................................ 49
Reduced visibility ........................................................................................................................... 49
Hazardous materials ...................................................................................................................... 50
Fuelling/defueling .......................................................................................................................... 51
Environmental impact.................................................................................................................... 52
Diplomatic mail
5.1
Embassy vehicles are not allowed airside, unless special security conditions apply or an
exemption is agreed by the Local Security Committee (LOVECO).
Apron Warning system

An Airside Apron Warning System has been installed.
This system has been installed on different airside locations (see map below). These
visual aids, each comprising of three differently colored lights, supplemented by an
audible signal (horn) will warn for immediate danger (in case of lightning) or for certain
meteorological conditions (snow or heavy wind).

The meaning of the different colours is explained here below:
The rules described here below are not affected by this new system, which must be seen
as a visual and audible means to make people aware.
High winds
5.2
When Airside Inspection issue a warning of high winds (predicted wind-speeds in excess
of 25 knots), extra measures to secure handling material (for instance, containers) must
be taken. PCA's may no longer be connected to the aircraft when wind is exceeding 25
knots.
In the event PCA's may no longer be connected, the yellow light of the Apron Warning
System will be activated.
Thunder and lightning

When there is a danger of lightning-strikes, Airside Inspection issue a warning and the
Automatic Terminal Information Service (ATIS) shows “Lightning procedure in progress”.
In the event of Thunder and Lightning, the red light of the Apron Warning System will be
activated.
5.3
Until the warning is cancelled by a second message from Airside Inspection, the
following activities are forbidden:
5.3.1
 fuelling/defueling aircraft
5.3.2
 wearing headsets and using headsets connected to an aircraft
5.3.3
 loading and unloading
5.3.4
 standing in the open or under aircraft
5.3.5
 handling explosive or inflammable material in the open
5.3.6
 embarking/disembarking passengers, unless the aircraft is already connected to
the boarding bridge
Freezing conditions, winter operations

5.4.1
When an air-temperature below 3°C is forecast, pouring water on aprons is forbidden.
5.4.2
When snow and/or de-icing operations were being carried out, all of the processing
equipment must be removed from the staging areas on the empty stands, to allow the
winter operations to run smoothly.
In the event of winter operations, the blue light on the Apron Warning System will be
activated.
Reduced visibility
In bad light or bad weather, in winter conditions and most of all in fog, special attention
is required where a service-drive crosses a taxi-way.
By extreme reduced visibility some service drives crossing taxiways might be close for all
traffic. The equipment use will be a service drive stop bar.

5.5
Speed and style of driving must be modified accordingly.
5.6
Motorized vehicles must use their headlights at night, in half-light (dawn and dusk) and
when visibility is poor (mist, heavy rain, snow …).
Hazardous materials
5.7
Transport of hazardous materials must be in accordance with international agreements

(ICAO – IATA)
5.7.1
Hazardous materials which may react with one another must be transported in such a
way that leaks will not make a reaction possible. Table 9.3.A (separation of hazardous
materials) of the IATA Dangerous Goods Regulations and Table 5.1 of the ICAO Technical
Instructions apply.
5.7.2
Before bringing hazardous materials airside, the handling company must make sure that
all hazardous packages are correctly marked and labelled. The handling company must
also be sure that the packages show no signs of leaks or other damage.
5.7.3
A package may only be transported airside and placed on board an aircraft when it has
been inspected immediately before being transported, by an appropriately-qualified
member of the handling-company’s staff.
5.7.4
Packages must be correctly secured and arranged so that they cannot come into contact
with another package or with the sides of the vehicle, even in case of accident.
5.7.5
Fully enclosed red trailers:
 only this type of trailer may be used for transporting hazardous materials; these
trailers must be clearly labelled when in use
 these trailers must be at the front of the string
 these trailers must not be used for transporting non-hazardous materials
5.7.6

In case of accident or damage, the driver must make all documentation related to
hazardous materials available to Airside Inspection and to the fire service as quickly as
possible.
5.7.7
Vehicles with canvas/tarpaulin sides must not be used for the transport of hazardous
materials.
Fuelling/defueling
5.8
An emergency escape-route for fuel-tankers must be kept clear at all times.
5.9
No motorized vehicle may come within 3 m of the vents of the aircraft fuel-tanks, except
when this is required for handling purposes
5.10
If any fuel is spilt, fuelling/defueling must be stopped immediately. Airside Inspection

must be informed immediately.
5.11
If a vehicle is standing in spilt fuel, starting the engine of the vehicle is forbidden.
5.12
Driving through spilt fuel is forbidden.
5.13
Defueling may only start when the fire services are present. Contact Airside Inspection
to request fire-service assistance for defueling. Defueling is not allowed when there are
passengers on board.
The presence of the fire department is not mandatory during the fuelling / defuelling of
an aircraft. The requirements can be consulted in the procedure “Fuelling with
passengers on board” published in the BHB
When the assistance is is required during the fuelling / defueling of an aircraft, the fire
department will come on position. This intervention will be invoiced at the airline. The
requirements can be consulted in the Fire & Emergency procedure “MOB015-
recommend aircraft” published in annex in the Aerodrome Manual.

5.14
In the fuel safety zones (meaning a 3m zone around the fuel pits, the ventilation shafts
and the fuel valves of the aircraft) the use of PED (Personal Electronic Devices including
cell phones, trunking devices, laptops with internet connection, …) is forbidden during
fuelling activities.
Environmental impact
5.15
Accidents and incidents with an impact on the environment must be reported to Airside
Inspection (tel. 02 753 69 00) immediately.

Infrastructure
Topics
In this chapter
Boarding bridges ............................................................................................................................ 53
Docking Guidance System (DGS) ................................................................................................... 56
Hydrant refuelling system (HRS) .................................................................................................... 58
Collection points for Cargo, Mail and Baggage found on the tarmac. .......................................... 59
Collection point for found and/or damaged cones ....................................................................... 60
Boarding bridges
Fig. 15. Markings related to boarding-bridges

Legend

 The red hatched area marked is the operating area of the boarding-bridge: parking
and waiting are forbidden here.
 The white block indicates the parking position for the wheels of the boarding
bridge
 Green light: indication the boarding bridge is parked in the correct parking position
Fig. 16. Parking position for boarding-bridge
6.1
When the boarding bridge is not in use, it must be parked with the wheels in the
white-painted area so that aircraft arriving can reach the stand safely.
Emergency stop buttons for boarding-bridges

Every boarding-bridge is equipped with emergency stop buttons, both at tarmac level
and in the control-cabin. Anyone may use these emergency stops if necessary.
Fig. 17. poster for Boarding Bridge Stop

Fig. 18. External emergency stop for Pier A boarding-bridges
Fig. 19. External emergency stop for Pier B boarding-bridges

Docking Guidance System (DGS)
Fig. 20. DGS indicator – mounted on the facade (Pier A, Pier B) or on a pole
(apron 3 and 60)
6.2
When the docking guidance system is active, this means an aircraft is due to arrive on
the stand. Drivers and vehicles are therefore restricted to the equipment staging area.
6.3
Every boarding bridge is externally equipped with a green light. This light will be
illuminated when the bridge is parked in the correct rest position and does not
constitute an obstacle for incoming airplanes. The park position is the only correct
position in which a boarding bridge must be parked after every aircraft rotation. It’s only
by using the autopark function of the boarding bridge that this one can be parked
correctly.
Emergency stop (aircraft stop) buttons

Every stand equipped with ADS is equipped with one or two emergency stop buttons to
give the pilot a “stop” signal on the ADS screen when an aircraft approaching the stand
is in danger. Stands with a boarding-bridge have one ADS emergency stop at tarmac
level and a second next to the controls in the boarding-bridge. Anyone may use these
emergency stops when necessary.
Fig. 21. poster for Aircraft Docking Stop
Emergency aircraft stop – Pier A
Fig. 22. Emergency aircraft stop – Pier A
Emergency aircraft stop – Pier B

Fig. 23. Emergency aircraft stop – Pier B, tarmac-level
Fig. 24. Emergency aircraft stop – Pier B, boarding-bridge controls
Hydrant refuelling system (HRS)

Every stand connected to the HRS is equipped with at least one emergency stop button
to stop the HRS in case of accident or leakage. Anyone may use this emergency stop if
necessary.

Fig. 25. Emergency fuel shut-off
6.4
Obstructing access to these emergency stop buttons is forbidden.
Collection points for Cargo, Mail and Baggage found on the tarmac.
6.5
When Cargo, mail or baggage are found on the tarmac, they must be dropped off at the
following collection points:
Found Cargo and Mail
In the two metal containers (respectively one for found Cargo and one for found mail)
located under the Canopy of the security check point at the tunnel.
11 June 2012
Found baggage
In the metal container located in the vicinity of the Aerodrome Services offices
(underpass pier B)

4 Ref: Brussels Airport Footer
11 June 2012
Collection point for found and/or damaged cones

6.6
Damaged cones and cones found in places where they shouldn’t be, must be dropped in
the metal containers located near the Airside Inspection offices.
Temporary storage for (technically) defect equipment

6.7
Defect GSE can be temporary stored by the handlers in the foreseen limited zones at the
east side of the Connector building along the exit C of the bag room. The requirements
for the use of this area were detailed in the users’ conditions en published in the BHB


Foreign Object Debris – FOD
7.1
Obstructing airside traffic by leaving things on the apron is forbidden. Any obstruction to
traffic must be cleared as soon as possible. Where it is not possible to clear an
obstruction, Airside Inspection must be informed immediately.
7.2
FOD (Foreign Object Debris) is a hazard for aircraft tyres and

aircraft motors. Anyone on the apron is obliged to collect small
items of rubbish and place them in the yellow bins marked FOD
and located on every stand. Newspapers and empty oil-cans are
for example not to be placed in FOD bins. Empty oil-cans must be
taken to the users’ own area as well as normal rubbish coming
from airplanes.
7.3
All vehicles and mobile equipment, which are not correctly closed, even when parked,
must be cleared by the user of loose plastic sheets, ropes, loose planks and similar
material that might fall off and become Foreign Object Debris. Packaging, wooden
pallets and similar material must not be left behind on carts or trailers
Regulations in this chapter apply both airside and in the baggage-sorting hall.
Carts and trolleys may not be wrapped with foil or plastic.
ULD's may be wrapped in foil or plastic under condition that 2 additional stripes of tape
are placed as indicated in the picture below.
Pallets may be wrapped in foil or plastic only when this packing material is placed under
the nets.
An exception can be made for "thermal covers". These reusable blankets may be placed
over the net on the pallet for the transportation of temperature sensitive cargo from the
hangar to the aircraft, provided that they are properly secured to the pallet and there is
no chance of flying away.
7.4
Handlers must ensure that the aircraft stand has been cleared of all obstacles and FOD
before each arrival and departure. Each irregularity must be reported to Airside
Inspection.

Airport Driving-license
Brussels Airport Company is always and actively considering ways to improve traffic-
safety and encourage correct and responsible driving at the airport, and especially
airside. One of the measures the Company has put in place for this is the issue of an
airport driving-license.
Everyone who drives a motorised vehicle airside must hold an airport driving-license,
and be able to produce his or her license when requested by Airside Inspection. Anyone
who cannot produce his or license immediately must present it to Airside Inspection at
his next shift or working day. If he will not comply, his airport badge will be deactivated
and the responsible person within his company will be informed accordingly.
The only exception to this rule is for visitors accompanied by an authorised person who
does hold an airport driving-license, or otherwise accompanied as agreed by Operations.
Topics
In this chapter
Categories ...................................................................................................................................... 64
Conditions ...................................................................................................................................... 65
Issue………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 65
Class A license ................................................................................................................................ 66
Class B license ................................................................................................................................ 67
Categories
There are two categories of airport driving-license:
 a class A (Aprons) license allows the holder to drive anywhere airside except on the
maneuvering are
For more information, see “Class A license”
 a class B (Maneuvering area) driving-license: allows the holder to drive anywhere
airside, including the maneuvering area
For more information, see “Class B license”

Conditions
The following conditions apply when requesting an airport driving-license:
 Anyone requesting an airport driving-license must already hold an airport ID badge

 Anyone requesting an airport driving-license must hold a class B civilian driving-
license valid in Belgium
 Anyone needing to drive vehicles constructed to carry more than eight people
(driver not included) must also hold a class D civilian driving-license and a “fitness
to drive” certificate. Drivers of emergency and intervention vehicles are exempted
from this by priority assignments and training or exercises accordingly of priority
assignments.
 Everyone requesting an airport driving-license must pass a theoretical test to
demonstrate his or her knowledge of the Airside Traffic Rules
Issue
An airport driving-license can be issued to:
 employees who have an airport ID badge, when their employers confirm in writing
that their responsibilities mean they have to drive a vehicle airside
 drivers of vehicles not directly linked to airport operations, for example suppliers,
who have an airport ID badge, after a request in writing from their employers and
investigation by the authorized services of Brussels Airport Company
 drivers of construction-site vehicles who have an airport ID badge:
 after a request in writing from the main contractor for the works or a
recognized sub-contractor, and
 where the works, delivery or service have been approved by Brussels Airport
Company;
 or as otherwise approved by Airside Inspection
There is a charge for the issue of an airport driving-license, set by the Operations
department of Brussels Airport Company.
After passing the theoretical test, new driving-license holders can collect their licenses
from the Operations department of Brussels Airport Company by showing their airport
ID badge.
If for any reason the new license cannot be delivered immediately, a temporary license
will be issued.

Validity
An airport driving license (class A) has a validity of three years.
If the validity of the civilian driving license Category B is limited in time (for whatever
reason), the airport driving license will mention the same expiry date without exceeding
a period of three years.
If the holder of an airport driving license loses his civilian driving license due to medical
reasons, he/she will give up his/her airport driving license voluntarily.
If the holder of an airport driving license permanently loses his civilian driving license,
he/she will give up his/her airport driving license voluntarily.
Whenever an employee starts working for a different company, he/she must return the
current airport driving license. A new airport driving license will be made with the same
expiry date.
Loss or theft
If an airport driving-license is lost or stolen, the holder must first report the loss or theft
to his or her employer and sign a statement. There is a charge for issuing a replacement.
The replacement license will be valid for the same period as the lost or stolen license.
Class A license
A class A license allows the holder to drive anywhere airside except on the movement
area.
Candidates for a class A license are expected to study these Rules by themselves in order
to pass the airport driving-test. The Rules are available from the Safety Management
Unit (SMU) web-site www.brusafety.be. Companies are free to organize their own
internal training to help candidates improve their knowledge of the Rules.
Candidates may register to take the test three times. If a candidate has not passed the
test, he or she must then wait until the next working day before being allowed to take
the test. If a candidate has not passed the test after three attempts, he or she must then
wait three months before being allowed to take the test. A period of three months must
be respected between each following attempt.
The test is organized by the Operations/Administration department of Brussels Airport
Company. It consists of thirty multiple-choice questions. To pass the test, candidates
must give at least 21 correct answers, and correctly answer 3 specific questions
randomly chosen by the system.

Class B license
A class B driving-license allows the holder to drive anywhere airside.
A class B driving-license (maneuvering area) can only be asked at the condition the
requester is already in possession of a valid class A driving-license (Apron area).
For this reason, every request for a class B license must be accompanied by a detailed
explanation from the driver’s employer to show why this class of license seems to be
required. The Brussels Airport Safety Manager will investigate the request.
Anyone requesting a class B driving-license must also follow approved training and then
pass a test to demonstrate his or her knowledge of radio-procedures and ICAO
vocabulary. Holders of a class B license are required to take a refresher course in radio-
communications and ICAO vocabulary every two years.
This course is organized by Brussels Airport Company. Companies are free to organize
training in-house, on condition that the training meets the requirements laid down by
Brussels Airport Company.
The course is intended to make sure people driving in the maneuvering area can
communicate with the control-tower:
 by radio
 in the same language as the pilots
 using the “Standard Phraseology” prescribed by ICAO
VTS
As from June 25, 2015, every vehicle entering the maneuvering area, must be equipped
with a VTU (Vehicle Tracking Unit). Vehicles not equipped with a VTU or if the VTU is out
of service, must be accompanied by a vehicle equipped with a VTU to enter the
maneuvering area.
An exception can be made for vehicles from Airside Inspection (AI), winter operations
(Wops) or Fire and Emergency Services (FES) when it is absolutely necessary for safety
reasons and if Airside Inspection gives its consent and Belgocontrol was informed.
The procedure for the use of VTU is an annex to the existing procedures “driver’s license
B” and is an integral part of the training “driver’s license B”.
The "Vehicle Tracking System" allows Belgocontrol to determine the exact position and
identification of each vehicle in the maneuvering area.

Sanctions
The Airside Traffic Rules are just one of the measures making up a complete Safety
Management System (SMS). Every breach of the Traffic Rules is therefore a breach of
general safety regulations, or a “safety-related incident”.
Accidents and other safety-related incidents will be investigated, and followed up as
appropriate.
An incident report, including the reference number for the offence, will be drawn up for
every breach of the Traffic Rules. The employer (or the owner, where the offence is
related to vehicles or equipment) will be immediately informed.
Topics
In this chapter:
Categories of offence ..................................................................................................................... 68
Methods of determining speeding ................................................................................................ 69
Measures in case of violations of speeding limits ......................................................................... 69
Procedures related to all other traffic offences ............................................................................ 70
General procedure applicable on all traffic offences .................................................................... 71
Appeal procedure .......................................................................................................................... 71
Categories of offence
Offences are categorized as “serious” and “less serious”. The following offences are
classified as serious:
 ignoring orders from the control-tower or from Airside Inspection

 failing to report a collision with an aircraft
 “hit and run” – leaving the scene of an accident without reporting it
 smoking or lighting a flame, even inside vehicles and mobile equipment
 being present airside under the influence
 driving airside without a valid airport driving-license
 exceeding the speed limit with more than 20km/hour
 obstructing an emergency services vehicle that is using its flashing lights and its
siren

 not stopping to use an airport ID badge at a badge-controlled barrier or access gate

(the driver of each vehicle must use his or badge to gain access)
 driving without lights after dark
 entering the maneuvering area without contacting the control-tower by radio
beforehand
 crossing the double white solid line marking the edge of the service-drive
 impeding or obstructing an aircraft
 physical violence against Airside Inspection staff on duty
 the non-respect of traffic signals such as prohibition signs, cones or fences
positioned to close down a service drive for traffic
 dangerous and unacceptable driving
 crossing an illuminated stopbar
 willfully creating FOD
 failure to wear high visibility clothing
 driving behind a marshaller whilst performing marshalling duties and when the
service drive is temporarily blocked by his vehicle
 New vehicles equipped to access the manoeuvre area (VTS, Airband) and with
AM/FM radio and/or CD player
 Not using a telephone hands-free behind the wheel
All other offences are categorized as “less serious”.
Methods of determining speeding

On various locations airside, including the perimeter “Airside Inspection” will organize,
speed measurements at regular intervals.
To determine speeding infringements Airside Inspection will use three different
measuring devices:
 Speed gun
 Speed display
 Driving behind the vehicle with dashcam
 Average speed check based on airport badge data
The measured value will always be corrected with -6 km / h for measured values < 100
km / h and -6% for measured values ≥ 100 km / h.
An administrative fine will only be given when the corrected measured value is above
the permitted speed limit.
Measures in case of violations of speeding limits

Upon determination of speeding violations following measures will be imposed:

 The offender is stopped by Airside Inspection

 The offender must identify himself upon request from Airside Inspection, airport
badge and airport driving license must be presented at the request of Airside
Inspection
 The offender must make a statement at the request of Airside Inspection in the
premises of Airside Inspection when it is a serious offence.
 The offender is obliged to accept and sign a determination form "speed check" (cf.
annex)
 A copy on the determination form "speed check" and an incident report will be
sent by Airside Inspection to the offenders company
 An administrative fine is charged to the company of the offender
These charges are set at €100 for “serious” offences, €50for “less serious” offences.
Employers will take the necessary measures to make sure offences are not repeated,
and will inform Brussels Airport Company (Compliance & Certification Unit) of the
measure that have been taken.
All offences remain on record for each offender personally for one year from the date
they are reported.
 If a driver commits a second offence within a year, the charges are doubled: €200
for “serious” offences, €100 for “less serious” offences.
 If a driver commits a third offence within a year, the charges remain at the higher
level and the driver must take the theoretical driving test within four weeks.
 When the driver fails the test or does not show up to take the test, his or her
airport driving license is withdrawn.
 If a driver commits more than three offences within a year, he or she will be
interviewed by the Safety Manager Brussels Airport; after consultation with his or
her superior, the driver’s airport driving license will be suspended for an agreed
length of time
Procedures related to all other traffic offences

Upon determination of all other traffic violations following measures will be imposed:
 The offender is stopped by Airside Inspection

 The offender (when known) must identify himself upon request from Airside
Inspection, airport badge and airport driving license must be presented at the
request of Airside Inspection
 The offender (when known) must make a statement at the request of airside
inspection in the premises of Airside Inspection, when it is a serious offence.
 An incident report will be sent by Airside Inspection to the offenders company
 An administrative fine is charged to the company of the offender

These charges are set at €100 for “serious” offences, €50 for “less serious” offences.
Employers will take the necessary measures to make sure offences are not repeated,
and will inform Brussels Airport Company (Compliance & Certification Unit) of the
measure that have been taken.
 All offences remain on record per company for one year from the date they are
reported.
 If a second offence occurs within a year, the charges are doubled even if the
offender is not the same person: €200 for “serious” offences, €100 for “less
serious” offences.
General procedure applicable on all traffic offences

The administrative charge will always be levied on the offender’s employer.
Administrative charges must be paid to Brussels Airport Company. The Company will
send a single monthly invoice to the employer or company in question, with details of
any offence or offences.
If charges are not paid by the due date specified on the invoice, the offender’s airport
driving license will be withdrawn. If payment is late a second time, the offender’s airport
ID badge will be deactivated.
Airside Inspection may proceed to withdraw an airport driving licence if there’s a good
reason to do so and after informing the member of staff’s superior. This withdrawal is
limited to two weeks. The Safety Manager of Brussels Airport Company may extend or
shorten this period after consultation with the person in charge of safety at the
employer’s. When the airport driving licence is withdrawn for more than two weeks, the
holder has to take the theoretical exam anew.
When a civilian driving license is definitively withdrawn, this person’s airside driving
license will also be withdrawn. The person involved is responsible for informing Brussels
Airport Company and his or her employer.
Brussels Airport Company may take all necessary measures to remove equipment (such
as ground handling material) causing hindrance as described in the relevant procedure.
The fixed charges will apply.
Appeal procedure
If someone reported for a traffic offence disagrees with the report of the offence, he or
she has the right to a hearing. A request for a hearing must be sent to the Safety
Manager of Brussels Airport Company [email protected] , not
more than 7 working days after notification of the offence. The Safety Manager will hear
the offender as soon as practicable, together with the person who drew up the report.
The person reported may be accompanied by his or her superior, or by the Safety Officer
of his or her employers.
After all parties involved have been heard, the person reported shall be informed within
three working days of the measures to be taken in connection with the offence.

Definitions
This list gives definitions of special terms used in the Traffic Rules.
aircraft stand
a defined area of an apron, used for aircraft parking
Aircraft Stand Service Drive.
A service drive limited for traffic to and from specific stands only
airport territory
a clearly-defined area (including any buildings, infrastructure and equipment)

intended partly or entirely to be used for aircraft arrivals and departures and for
aircraft movements on the ground
airside
a clearly delimited part of the airfield where aircraft movements take place; access
airside is checked and restricted
anti-collision light (ACL)
red flashing lights under and on top of an aircraft: when these lights are in operation
the motors can be started, and the aircraft can move or be towed
apron
defined area of an airport territory, to be used by aircraft for letting passengers

embark/disembark, loading and unloading, fuelling or defuelling, parking, or during
maintenance
APU
Auxiliary Power Unit
container area
defined zone reserved for the storage of containers
double white solid line
marking that shows the limits for vehicular traffic; crossing this line without
clearance from Airside Inspection and/or air traffic control is absolutely forbidden
equipment parking area

zone surrounded by a single white line, to be used for short- or long-term parking of
handling equipment

equipment staging area
zone between the white edge-line of the service drive and the white/red/white
stand safety line. Equipment required for aircraft handling may be placed inside this
zone not earlier than twenty minutes before the aircraft arrives. As soon as handling
and other service activities are completed, the zone must be cleared – it is not a
parking area!
fleetmix
the range of aircraft types operating at a particular airport
FOD (foreign object debris)
small, loose litter and rubbish that can damage aircraft tires and motors; FOD must
be collected and put in the FOD litter-bins provided
follow-me
vehicle equipped to lead aircraft or other vehicles
gate
place where passengers can transfer from an apron/an aircraft to the terminal/the
pier, or vice versa
GSE
Ground support Equipment
handling equipment
equipment used for aircraft handling operations
holding point
safety-signalisation at a fixed distance from a runway
manœuvring area
part of the airport territory used for for the take-off and landing of aircraft and for
aircraft movements on the ground; aprons and stands are not included in the
manœuvring area
marshaller
person authorised to give signals to the pilot that let him or her park or manœuvre
an aircraft safely
movement area
part of the airport territory used for for the take-off and landing of aircraft and for
aircraft movements on the ground; aprons and stands are included in the movement
area

perimeter road
private road at the boundary of the airport, on Brussels Airport Company land, that
surrounds the aircraft movement area and in most places marks the division
between airside and landside
power supply
external power-supply for aircraft
push-out line
single, solid white line for use by the drive of a push-out vehicle when pushing an
aircraft out on a stand
registered vehicle
vehicle with an official (national) number-plate
runway
a clearly-defined rectangular area within the airport territory, provided for aircraft to
land and take off
service-drive
a roadway on an apron, marked by single, solid white lines and reserved for safe
movement of vehicles and ground equipment
single white solid line
marking that shows the limits for vehicular traffic; crossing this line is only allowed
when the destination is outside the service drive, and vehicles must remain on the
service-drive until as close as possible to that destination
SMU
Safety Management Unit
stopbar
safety signage at a fixed distance from a runway, indicated by red lights
taxiway
a defined path on a land aerodrome established for the taxiing of aircraft and
intended to provide a link between one part of the aerodrome and another,
including:
 Aircraft stand taxilane: a portion of an apron designated as a taxiway and intended

to provide access to aircraft stands only
 Apron taxiway: a portion of a taxiway system located on an apron and intended to
provide a through taxi route across the apron
 Rapid exit taxiway: a taxiway connected to a runway at an acute angle and

designed to allow landing aeroplanes to turn off at higher speeds than are
achieved on other exit taxiways, thereby minimising runway occupancy times
taxiway crossing marking
white chequered marking where a service-drive crosses a taxiway or taxi-lane;

crossing this marking is forbidden
tower (ATC)
air traffic control service responsible for guiding aircraft and land-vehicles on the
movement area
unregistered vehicle
vehicle without an official (national) number-plate, for use only on private land

Important telephone numbers
Service Phone Number
Fire service 02 753 40 20
Medical assistance 02 753 63 63
Airside Inspection 02 753 69 00
Security 02 753 70 00
Operations/Drivers Licence 02 753 68 23


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Brussels Airport Handbook

© Brussels Airport Company V18.09 1

Change in to the Traffic Rules .............................................................................................. 7

General safety principles ................................................................................................................. 9

Airport badge and driving licence ........................................................................................ 9

Traffic rules airside......................................................................................................................... 13

Maneuvering area .......................................................................................................... 31

Vehicles and equipment ................................................................................................................ 38

Exceptional conditions ................................................................................................................... 47

Diplomatic mail .................................................................................................................. 47

Boarding bridges ................................................................................................................ 53

© Brussels Airport Company V18.09 4

Emergency stop buttons for boarding-bridges.............................................................. 54

Foreign Object Debris – FOD.......................................................................................................... 62

Airport Driving-license ................................................................................................................... 64

Categories of offence ......................................................................................................... 68

Important telephone numbers ...................................................................................................... 77

Context – why these rules exist

© Brussels Airport Company V18.09 5

 on Brussels Airport Company web-site www.brusselsairport.be

© Brussels Airport Company V18.09 6

Change in to the Traffic Rules

Indications of the Changes

Procedure concerning the changes

© Brussels Airport Company V18.09 7

Table of the changes to the traffic rules

Nr Text reference Change date Experts Tick correct box

1 Pag.62 19/10/2017 JLP/DVH X

2 Pag.62 21/12/2017 JLP/DVH X

3 Pag. 34 (point 3.38.1) 24/05/2018 WGE/JLP X (picture

4 Pag 40 (point 4.9 24/05/2018 WGE/JLP X

© Brussels Airport Company V18.09 8

General safety principles

Airport badge and driving licence .................................................................................................... 9

Personal safety ............................................................................................................................... 10

Smoking and drinking .................................................................................................................... 11

Airport badge and driving licence

© Brussels Airport Company V18.09 9

 the baggage-sorting hall, which is considered as airside

Day-glow jacket and airport badge

© Brussels Airport Company V18.09 10

Smoking and drinking

Airside Inspection +32 2 753 69 00

© Brussels Airport Company V18.09 11

© Brussels Airport Company V18.09 12

Traffic rules airside

Signs and markings airside ............................................................................................................. 14

Markings on the apron................................................................................................................... 18

Right of way ................................................................................................................................... 23

Vehicle movements and parking ................................................................................................... 25

Safety zones and distances round aircraft ..................................................................................... 32

Pedestrians and two-wheeled vehicles airside.............................................................................. 36

© Brussels Airport Company V18.09 13

Signs and markings airside

© Brussels Airport Company V18.09 15

Double white line (edge line)

Service drive with single white line (edge line)

Intersection of a service-drive with a taxiway or taxilane

© Brussels Airport Company V18.09 16