INTRODUCTION although   it   belongs   to   South   Sulawesi

Province.
In   the   framework   of   the   second   Five­ The climate of the area is dry and hot for
Year Development Plan (Pelita II), fiscal year nearly two—thirds of the year. The dry season
1975/1976, the Geological Mapping and Aerial lasts  from June till September  and  the rainy
Photo   Interpretation   Project   of   the   Mapping season from December till March; April—May
Division, Geological Survey of Indonesia (now and   October—November   are   transitional
The   Geological   Research   and   Development periodes.   The   average   annual   rainfal   is   1260
Centre) carried out a geologic mapping of the mm   per   year.   As   a   result,   nearly   the   whole
Lomblen Quadrangle, Eastern Nusatenggara. area is savanna where 7m­ perate cylindrica
The field work took place in two sessions: flourishes;   secondary   forest   and   bushes   are
the first session from November till December found   locally.   Native   Floret   ians   inhabit   the
19 75, concerned the mapping of the islands of interior   of   the   area.   The   coastal   areas   are
Adonara,   Solor   and   Lomblen   by   a   team populated   particularly   by   settlers   from   other
consisting   of   S.   Koesoemadinata,   Y.   No^   a, areas,   such   as   Buginese,   Butonese   and
A.C.  Efendi,   D.   Kadarisman,   M.   Situn.orang, Macassarese.   The   coast   dwellers   subsist   on
R.D. Hadi­ sentono, S. Hidayat, M. Sucipto, T. fishing and retail trade. In the interior people
Rita   and   D.   Sumpena.   During   the   second make their living by tilling the soil seasonally.
session, from April till June 19 76, the islands Primitive   methods,   however,   prohibit   making
of   Pantar,   Alor   and   smaller   islands   nearby reasonable   profits.   Nearly   all   natives   are
were mapped by S. Koesoemadinata, Y._ Noya, Catholics; but those living in the coastal areas
are mostly Moslems.
W.   Simandjuntak,   D.   Kadarisman,   M.
Situmorang, G. Burhan, K. Sutisna, A. Kafi, N. Adonara   and   Lomblen   Islands   can   be
Harahap and T. Rita. reached by ship from Larantuka and Kalabahi
The Lomblen Quadrangle is bounded by on   Alor   has   air   connection   with   Kupang   for
longitudes 123°00’—124°30 East and latitudes which   purpose   Twin   Otter­   type   aircraft   are
8°00 — 9°00’ South, and has an areal extent of used. The only road on Adonara Island that is
5,390   sq.   km.   To   the   east   the   quadrangle   is suitable   for   cars   is   that   which   links   up
bounded by the Alor Quadrangle, to the west Waiwerang in the south  to Boleng Village on
by the Ende Quadrangle, to the north and to the east coast and Bas­ rani Village on the west
the south by the Flores Sea and the Sawu Sea. coast. On Lomblen, a similar road is found on
Administratively   the   area   consists   of   two the   north   coast,   and   stretches   between
regencies,   namely   East   Flores   Regency   and Lewoleba and Hadakewa. The southern part is
reachable only by sea.
Alor Regency.
Pantar   Island   is   easy   to­reach   by   boat
Adonara...Island and east Solor belong
from Kalabahi on Alor Island. The main road
to the regency of East Flores with its seat at
on   this   island   is   found   only   at  Kalabahi   and
Larantuka.   Lewoleba   is   the   seat   of   the
stretches as far as the airfield for about 5 km.
Assistant   Bupati   on   Lomblen   or   Lembata
The   base   map   used   for   the   field  work
Island. The islands of Pantar, Rusa, La­ pang,
was   the   AMS   topographic  map  of   scale  1   :
Batang,   Treweg,   Pura,   Ternate   and   Alor,   all
250.000,   Series   2307,   first   edition.   The
belong   to   Alor   Regency   with   its   seat   at
available   aerial   photographs   cover  only   the
Kalabahi.   The   whole   area   is   part   of   Eastern
central and the north parts of the Quadrangle,
Nusatenggara Province. Komba Islands located
arranged   in   west—cast   runs.   SLAR   and
far to the north is included in this Quadrangle,
Landsat imageries are of fairly good quality.
 Accounts   on   the   geology   of   this   area Lewotolo (1450 m), Mt. Topaki (1365 m). Their
come   from   Brouwer  (1940),   Massic   (1971), eruption   products   are   distributed   over   the
Soemartadipura   (1976),   Tjokrosapoctro   (1977) surrounding area. In some places lahar fields
and Wahyu (1975). are present.
Plains are found only in certain parts, for
example the Lewoleba area on Lomblen Island
PHYSIOGRAPHY
which   is   covered   by   coral   limestone.   The
largest among the plains is that found in the
Physiographically,  the   Lomblen   Quad­
central   part   of   Pantar   Island.   Commonly   the
rangle  embraces   a  group   of   islands   which
plains are underlain by older vol­ canics.
■includes   the  easternmost   tip   of   Flores
The   drainage   adapts   itself   to   the   con­
(Larantuka area), Adonara, part of Solor,  and
dition of the underlying rocks. On the volcanic
the  islands  of   Lomblen,   Rusa,   Kam­   bing,
cones a radial pattern develops, elsewhere the
Pantar,   Marisa,   Batang,   Pura,   Treweg,   Kisu,
drainage is parallel. In a number of places V­
Ternatc and a part of Alor. Also included in the
shaped valleys have developed.
Quadrangle is Komba Island to the north.
The coastlines in the southern and in fhe
northern   parts  of  this   Quadrangle   area  are STRATIGRAPHY 
very  irregular.   On   Lomblen   the   following
embayments arc found: Bay of Lewo­ leba, Bay Stratigraphic setting
of Waienga, Bay of Laleng;  on its southcoast: In the Lomblen Quadrangle the supposed
Bay   of   Labala,   Bay  of   Atawi   and   Bay­   of oldest rocks are volcanics which consist of lava,
Waiteba.  On Pantar: Bay of Selatan and Gulf breccia,   and   agglomerate   with   tuff
of Biang Merang; and on Alor: Bay of Kalabahi. intercalations.   These   rocks   are   included   into
The south coasts of Lomblen and Pantar the Kiro Formation (Tmk), probably of Lower
are cliffed,  with gradients of over 40°,  and in Miocene to Upper Miocene age. This formation
places even steeper, over 60°. The sea off the interfingers   with   the   Nangapanda   Formation
south   coast   of   the   islands   of   Solor,  Lomblen, (Tmn)   which   is   composed   of   sandy   tuff,
Pantar and Alor is rather deep and the sea is tuffaceous breccia and intercalations of sandy
rough;   in   contrast   the  sea  to   the   north   is limestone. Elsewhere both these formations are
shalllower and calmer. As  a  result, coral reefs intruded   by   granodiorite   (Tmgd).   For   that
grow luxuriantly along the north coast. reason it may be concluded that the intrusions
Coral limestone  on Alor (Cape  Ke­ bola) are of Early Upper Miocene age.
forms  terraces  which  reach  about  700  meters
Unconformably   on   top   of   the   Kiro
above sea level. The bottom of the sea in the
Formation is the Alor Formation (Tmpa) which
south differs greatly from that in the north. Off
is made up of a variety of volcanic rocks such
the south coast the sea bottom drops steeply to
as   lava,   breccia,   and   calcareous   sandy   tuff.
great depth; only a few kilometers away from
This   formation   interfingers   with   the   Laka
the coast the depth is more than 1.000 meters.
Formation   (Tmpl)   and   the   Waihekang
In the north, the same depth is attained at a
Formation   (Tmpw).   The   Laka   Formation
distance of about 10 kilometers.
consists   of   calcareous   sandy   tuff   and   marly
Morphologically, the area may be divided
tuff,   with   intercalations   of   fine   breccia   and
into   two   units,   namely,   mountainous   country
conglomerate. All three formation are of Upper
and   lowlands.   The   mountainous   country   is
Miocene—Pliocene age. The Alor Formation is
characterised by volcanic cones some of which
intruded   by   Pliocene   quartz   diorite.   The
are still active,  e.g.,  Ili Bo­ leng (1659 m), Ili
formation   of   the   Older   Volcanics   (QTv)   took Tmn NANGAPANDA FORMATION: Tuff and
place during the Pliocene and Pleistocene. The tuffaceous   breccia   intercalated   with
rocks   consist  of   lava,   agglomerate,  tuff, tuffaceous   sandstone   and   sandy
volcanic   sands,   and   pumiceous   tuff.   Volcanic limestone. Tuff, sandy; white to maroon;
activity   in   Adonara,   Lomblen   and   Pantar rather compact; fine to medium­grained;
Islands continues until the present time. It has rounded to subrounded.
given rise to the formation of volcanic cones of Tuffaceous   breccia,   blackish   grey;
andesitic to basaltic composition (Qhv). In the compact   with   clasts   of   andesitic   to
field the Older and the Younger Volcanics are basaltic   composition;   angular   to
very difficult to distinguish. To that end SLAR subangular;   between   1—10   cm   across.
imageries were used. The matrix is tuffaceous sand.
The   youngest   rocks   in   the   Quadrangle Tuffaceous   sandstone,   light   grey;
are   coral   limestone,   coastal   terraces   and compact;   fine   to   medium   grained;
alluvial   deposits.   They   have   been   deposited thickness   of   beds   between   10—25   cm,
unconformably on top of the older rocks. with strike trending east—west.
Sandy   limestone,   yellowish   white;
rather compact; medium to fine grained;
Description of map 
bedded, thickness of beds 5—10 cm; dips
of   10°—25°,   with   east—west   strike.
units SURFICIAL DEPOSIT
Thickness of intercalations between 0,5—
2   m.   This   rock   contains   the   fossils:
Qal ALLUVIUM: Pebbles and gravel derived Alveolinella  sp.,  Flosculinella  sp.,
from dacite, diorite, granodiorite Globorotalia   ma­   yeri  Cushman   &
and basalt; mud and silt which have Ellisor, Orbulina uni­ versa D’Orbigny,
been deposited in fluvial and coastal Globoquadrina altis­ pira Cushman &
environment.   Particularly   found   in Jarvis,  Globigeri­   noides   immaturus
coastal areas near river mouths, in some Lerroy   (P.T.   Shell,   1976;   Kadar,   1976;
places along the north and south coasts written   communication).   These   fossils
of Adonara and Lomblen. indicate a Late Middle  Miocene  to Late
Early   Miocene   age   and   naritic
SEDIMENTARY ROCKS environment. Thickness is approximately
800 metres. The Nangapanda Formation
interfingers   with   the   Kiro   Formation.
Exposed in the central and the eastern
parts   of   Lomblen   Island   it   forms Calcareous  sandy tuff, white  to light
mountainous   morphology.   The   type grey; fine­grained;  fairly compact; rounded
locallity is at Nangapanda Village, some 30 to   subrounded;   well­   bedded,  thickness   of
km   west  of   Ende  township   (Suwarna, beds between 5— 15  cm. Dips of 25°—35°;
1983). strike commonly southwest—northeast.
Marly   tuff,   yellowish  white;   slightly
compact; clasts are of andesitic  to basaltic
Tmpl LAKA FORMATION: Calcareous composition; angular to subangular; 2— 7
sandy  tuff, marly tuff, locally intercalated cm   across;   open   fabric,  matrix   is  sandy
with breccia and conglomerate. tuff.
 Conglomerate, brownish; poly­ mictic; Calcareous   tuff,   light   grey;   com­
clasts   are  andesitic   to   basaltic   in pact,   poorly   bedded.   The   three   rock
composition;  compact,  2—3   cm  across. types   contain   the   following   foramini­
Matrix is tuffaceous sand  with calcareous fera fossils: Pulleniatina
cement. obliquelo­
Calcareous  sandy   tuff  contains  the culata  Parker & Jones,  Globorotalia
fossils:  Globorotalia truncatuli­ noides dubertrei  D’Orbigny,  Glob
D’Orbigny  Globigerinoides  sp., oquadrina   altispira  Cushman.
Pulleniatina sp., Textularia sp., Sphae­ Globigerinoides   tri­   lobus  Reuss;
roidinella   dehiscens  Blow, indicate   not   more   than   an   Upper
Pulleniatina primalis  Banner & Jarvis, Miocene   age   and   neritic   depositional
Globorotalia   acostaensis  Blow environment.   According   to   the
(Budiman, 19 76; written  communication). comparison   of   the   Waihekang   For­
These  fossils indicate  an Upper Miocene— mation   inEnde   Quadrangle   (Suwarna,
Pliocene  age  (N   17—N   20)  and   neritic 1983)   which   indicates  Globorotalia
depositional environment.  Good exposures multicamerata Cushman & Jarvis, so
are found in Cape of Kebola in the western this   formation   is   probably   an   Upper
part of Alor Island. Forms a mountainous Miocene—Pliocene   ■   age.   This   forma ­
morphology. Thickness of this formation is tion is exposed in the Balaurin area in
500   m   and   presumed   to  interfinger   with the western part of Lomblen Island and
the   Alor   and   the   Waihekang   Formations; the   eastern   part   of   this   island.
overlying  unconformably  the   Nangapanda Thickness   estimated   at   750   metres.
Formation.   The   type   locality   is   at   Laka This   formation   is   probably   overlain
Village,   some   20   km   northeast   of   Ende conformably by the Older Volcanics. It
township (Suwarna, 1983). is   presumed   to   be   interfingering   with
TmpwWAIHEKANG   FORMATION:   Lime the Laka and the Alor Formations. The
stone,   calcareous sandstone; locally in­ type locality is at Waihekang Village in
tercalations of calcareous tuff. Kecamatan Talibura.
Limestone,.­   light   grey;   massive,
poorly bedded. Q1   CORAL   LIMESTONE:   Coral   limestone,
Calcareous   sandstone,   grey;
yellowish  white; massive; also as coral
compact;   bedded,   thickness   of   bedding
breccia. Exposed in the north
between   2—3   cm,   nearly   horizontal;
fine—gr; ined, rounded to subrounded.
coast of Adonara, Lomblen, Pantar, Alor, Qct   COASTAL   TERRACES:   Alternation   of
and the other smaller islands of Lapang, conglomerate and coarse­grained sand.
Batang,   Kisu.   In   Lomblen   Island   this Conglomerate,   with   clasts   of   older
rock   forms   a   cape   and   reaches   an rocks,   1—20   cm   across;   the   matrix   is
elevation   of   approximately   200   metres coarse—   grained  sand;   some­  •  what
above   sealevel.   In   Cape   Kebola   on   Alor calcareous;   crumbles   easily;   nearly
Island   it   forms   terraces   and   attains horizontal   bedding.   Exposed   along   the
elevation   of   700   metres   above   sealevel. south coast of Lomblen Island in the Bay
There are seven such terraces. of   Labaja.   Elevation   attains   50   metres
above sea level.
VOLCANIC ROCKS
in  composition  (Wikarno,  19  77; written
communication).
Lava   and   clasts   of   breccia   are
Tink   KIRO   FORMATION:   Lava,   breccia,
commonly   vesicular;   the   vesicles   are
agglomerate;   locally   pumiceous   tuff
filled with calcite; cracks are filled with
intercalations.
quartz.   Lava   commonly   shows   sheet
Lava,   with  clasts   of   andesitic,
jointing. Clasts of breccia are 0,5—3 cm
dacitic,   and   basaltic  igneous  rocks; light
across:   angular   to   subangular;   open
grey to greenish grey and blackish; silicif
fabric;   matrix   is   compact   tuffaceous
ied.
sandstone. This rock is widely distributed
Dacitic   lava,   grev;   the   main   min­
in Pantar and nearly in the whole of Alor
erals   are   plagioclase,   quartz   and   pyr­
Island.
oxene   (pyroxene   dacite).   The   rock   has
Sandy   tuff   and   calcareous   sandy
undergone intensive weathering and has
tuff,   as   intercalations;   brownish   white;
therefore   been   bleached   out.   Basaltic
indistinct   bedded;   rather   compact;   fine­
lava,  blackish  grey; aphanitic.  Found on
grained; rounded to subrounded..
ancient caldera wall along east side of the
Thickness  of  this  formation   is
Bay of Waienga; shows sheet jointing.
approximately  1,000   metres.   Probably
In   some   places   silicif   ied;   also   in­
interfingers   with   the   Laka   Formation
tercalations   of   maroon   tuff,   compact;
(Tmpl)  and   is   underlain   conformably  by
shows parallel lamination. Tuff contains
the   Kiro   and   Nangapanda   Formations.
shards of  pumice and glass of 2— 5 cm
Age  presumed   to   be   Upper  Miocene—
across.   This   rock   is   called   ignim­   brite
Pliocene.
(Wahyu, 19 75); thickness of beds are 3—
5 cm.
Agglomerate,   with   clasts   of QTv  OLDER  VOLCANIC ROCKS: Lava,  (a, 1,
andesitic   and   basaltic   composition; breccia,  agglomerate, tuff,  volcanic m, b, sands
blackish grey; angular to subangular; 3— and pumiceous sandy tuff, h, u, Lava,   light   to
10 cm across. Matrix is sandy tuff. dull grey; compact,
This   formation   is   exposed   on *> P> clasts of andesitic to basaltic compo­ l> r>)
Adonara,   Solor   and   Lomblen   Islands. sition; aphanitic; shows sheet jointing.
Thickness   is   approximately   750   metres. Breccia   and  agglomerate,  light   to
The Kiro Formation interfingers with the dull   grey;   dense,   clasts  of   andesitic   to
Nangapanda   Formation   and   is   overlain basaltic   composition;   1—25  cm   across;
unconformably   by   the   Waihekang angular   to  subangular;  open   fabric.
Formation. The type­ locality \ is at Keli Matrix is tuffaceous sandstone. Tuff, dirty
Kiro,   some   15   km   northwest   of   Ende white;   sandy;   fine   to   mediumgrained;
township (Suwarna, 1983). rather soft.
Volcanic   sands,   blackish  grey;
TinpaALOR FORMATION: Lava, breccia,
crumbles   easily;   coarse  to   medium­
sandy tuff and calcareous sandy tuff.
grained; angular to subangular.
Lava   and   breccia,   light   grey   in
Pumiceous   sandy   tuff,   dirty   white;
colour;   pyroxene—andesitic,   hornblende­
rather soft; unbedded; coarse to medium
andesitic,   biotite—hornblende   andesitic,
—grained;  angular   to  subangular;   clasts
olivine—basaltic and pyroxene — basaltic
of  pumice   2—5  cm   across;   thickness   of
bedding  less   than   1   metre.   This   unit   is
 composed   of  material   derived   from TmgdGRANODlORITE: Granodiorite,
volcanoes  which  are  now  extinct  namely phaneritic   texture;   greenish  grey;
Mt.   Wikiriwak   (a),   Mt.   Lewung   (1),   Mt. holocrystalline,   composed   of  andes­  ine,
Minggar   (m),   Mt.   Labalekang   (b),   Mt. oligoclase,   and   pyroxene.   Pyroxene   is
Lamhuna   (h),   Mt.   Ujolewung   (u),   Rusa coarse   to   medium—grained.   Rock   has
Island   (s),   Marisa   (i),   Mt.   Pura   (p),   Mt. undergone   alteration,   and  part   of   the
Ternate (t), and Mt. Treweg (r). Based on pyroxene   has  been  changed   to   chlorite.
its stratigraphic position, this unit is pro­ Exposed   at   the   northeastern   part  of
bably   of   Pliocene—Pleistocene   age. Pantar;   has   largely   been   weathered
Commonly  ■  exhibits   a  rough   mor­ down.   This   unit   is  overlain
phology. Distributed in the  southern part unconformably  by   the   Alor  Formation.
of Sol or Island, in southern and northern Based on its position
parts of Lomblen Island,  and the  islands
of Treweg, Ternate and
Pura.   The   older   volcanoes  are   strato­
volcanoes.

Qhv   YOUNGER  VOLCANIC   ROCKS:   (b,  1,

Lava,   agglomerate,   bombs,   sands,   and   w,   e,
volcanic ash.
t, k) Lava, darkish, aphanitic; compact; clasts of
pyroxene   andesitic   composition.   In   the
surroundings  of  Mt. Lewotolo, the  lavas
are   of  amphi­   bole—pyroxene—andecitic
and   basaltic   composition   (Brouwer,
1940).
Agglomerate, bright to dull; dense; 
clasts of pyroxene andesite; 210 cm 
across, rounded to subrounded; vesicular.
Matrix is tuffaceous sandstone.
Volcanic   sands,   blackish,   crumbles
easily;   angular   to  subangular;   coarse   to
fine­grained.
Volcanic ash, grey; crumbles easily.
This   unit   is   derived   from   material   of
volcanoes   which   are   still   active;  Mt.
Watuomi   (w),   Mt.   Boleng   (b),   Mt.
Lewotolo  (1),  Mt.   Werung  (e),  Mt.   To­
paki  (t;  also  called Mt. Sirung)  and  Mt.
Batubara   (k)   on   Komba   Island.   All  are
cone­shaped stratovolcanoes.

INTRUSIVE ROCKS
 this   granodiorite   is  assigned   a   Late leng Strait between Lomblen and Alor—
Middle Miocene or Early Upper Miocene Adonara were formed as a result of
age. faulting (Brouwer, 1940). In particular,
the Pantar Strait fault has given rise to
the formation of small volcanic cones,
Tpdi   DIORITE:   Quartz   diorite,   grey;   holo­
e.g., on the islands of Treweg, Pura and 
crystalline,   composed   of   andesine   and
Ternate. Also
the Ili Hobal volcano,
hornblende. The hornblendes have been
altered to chlorite. This rock is exposed
which emerged above sea- level
on  Batang   Island. In the  southwestern southeast of Lomblen on April 23t^
part of Alor Island the quartz diorite has 1976 is presumed to be related to
been   intruded   into   the  Alor   Formation faulting.
(Goenadi,   1971).   For   that   reason   the A graben divides Cape Kebola from Alor
diorite is thought to be of Pliocene age. Island. Lineaments are clearly recognisable on
SLAR   and   LANDSAT   imageries   which   cover
this   area.   Generally   they   trend   in   the   same
direction,   that   is   southwest­   northeast.   These
lineaments   cut   rocks   of   Miocene   up   to   the
STRUCTURE AND TECTONICS
youngest   Holocene   vol­   canics.   Presumably
some represent faults.
The   tectonical   development   in   this  area
The   cluster   of   islands   in   the   Lomblen commenced   in   the   Early   Middle   Miocene.
Quadrangle   belongs   to   the   Volcanic   Banda During   that   time,   the   whole   area   was   a
Arc. submarine   basin.   In   the   Lower   Miocene   a
submarine   volcanic   arc   began   to   take  shape,
Geologic   structures   present   in   the
whose trend was west—east. This belt
Lomblen Quadrangle are folding and faulting.
belongs   to   the   volcanic   arc   which   runs   from
In   general   they   trend   northeast­   southwest
Sumatra   to   Java*   Nusatenggara   and   Banda.
and   northwest—southeast.  The   Nangapanda
Volcanic   activity   resulted   in   the  formation   of
Formation has experienced folding, with dips
volcanic   rocks   of   the   Kiro   Formation   and   the
of   25°—35°.   It   may   be   deduced   that   the
volcanic  sediments   of   the   Nangapanda
folding process probably took place during the
Formation. The end of the Late Middle Miocene
Miocene   to   Pliocene.   The   faults   that   have
was  manifested by  magmatism which brought
been   recognized   in   this   Quadrangle   are
about   the   intrusion   of   granodiorite.   The
normal   faults.   In   general   they   trend
northeast—sou inwest. These volcanic   activity   and   deposition   of   volcanic
faults are found in rocks of Middle Miocene to sediments continued until the Upper Miocene,
Pliocene   age.   The   faulting   therefore   most which   resulted   in   the   Alor,   Laka   and
probably   took   place   in   the   Pliocene   to Waihekang Formations. In the Late Pliocene to
Pleistocene.   The   presence   of   hot   springs   in Pleistocene the whole area was uplifted to the
some places is interpreted as being the result surface.   In   some   places   intrusions   of   diorite
of   faulting.   Pantar   Strait,   which   divides occurred   and   extrusive   volcanic   activity
Pantar   and   Alor   Islands,   Lomblen   Strait resulted   in   the   production   of   the   older   and
between Solor and Adonara, and Bo­ younger volcanics. Together with this uplifting,
faulting and folding took place. Elsewhere coral
limestone and coastal terraces were formed.

R
MINERAL AND ENERGY RESOURCES Maret   1971),  Proyek   Penyelidikan
dan   Pemetaan   Mineral   Indonesia
Indications   of   sulphide   vein   mineralis­ Timur, Arsip Sub. Dit. Esplorasi.
ation of lead, zinc, and some copper occurring Kusumadinata,   K.,   1979,  Data   Dasar
as   galena,   sphalerite   and   chalcopyrite   were Gunungapi   Indonesia,  Direkt.   Vul­
found  in  the  Lomblen Quadrangle. They were kanol., pp. 530—568.
Soemadipoera,   K.,   1976,   Sedikit   keterang­   an
seen in the village of Puakoyong in the eastern
tambahan   mengenai   munculnya   Ili
part of Lomblen Island. This vein has a strike
Hobal, P. Lomblen,  Geosur. Newsletter,
of N 110°E. Iron ore as goethite and manganese
No. 35, Vol. VIII, 1976.
ore were found near Wapue Cape also in East
Suwama, N. & S. Santosa, 1983,  The Geo­
Lomblen. Deposits of lead and copper sulphide
logy of Ende Quadrangle, East Nusa­
are   long   kown   in   the   Worgelip—Prubur   area,
tenggara, Scale 1 : 250.000.
southeast   Aloi'.   They   occur   in   volcanic   rocks
Tjokrosapoetro, S., 1977,  Tectonic pattern of
near   a   quartz—diorite   intrusion   (Goenadi,
southern   Banda   Arc,  (unpublished
1971).  Gypsum was seen in volcanic sediment
report).
in the Kiro Formation in East Solor.
Wahyu,   B.N.,   1975,   Kaldera   di   P.   Lomblen,
Construction   materials   abound   here   as
Nusatenggara   Timur,  Geosur.
limestone,   sands,   gravel   and   rocks,   both
Newsletter, No. 1, Vol. VIII, 1975.
andesite and basalt.
Hot springs are found in all the islands;
some contain sulphur compounds.

REFERENCES

Abbott,   A.J.   &   F.H.   Chamalaun,   1981,

Geochronology   of   Some   Banda   Arc
Volcanics, Spec. Publ. 2, Geol. Res. Dev.
Centre, Bandung, pp. 255—256.
Bemmelen,   R.W.,   van   1949,  The   Geology   of
Indonesia,  v. IA, Martinus Nijhoff, The
Hague, pp. 51—52.
Brouwer, H.A.," 1940, Geological Expedition
of the University of Amsterdam to the
Lesser   Soenda   Islands   in   Southern
East Indies, 193  7, Vol. II, •N.V. Noor,
Hollandsche   uitgevers   Maatschappij,
Amsterdam,   pp.   40,   pp.   89—90   dan   pp.
386—388.
Goenadi,   R.M.,   1971,  Laporan   Singkat
Survey   Pendahuluan   Penyelidikan
dan Pemetaan Mineral di Kabupaten
Alor   dan   Pantar   (2   Februari—15