Revised Thesis 4.0 PDF
Revised Thesis 4.0 PDF
Revised Thesis 4.0 PDF
INTRODUCTION
Caring has been attributed to the nursing discipline and became the foundation,
and core concept of the nursing practice. Theoretical frameworks and developments
regarding the aspect of caring in nursing have arisen and gave advancement to the
discipline of nursing. Locsin (2005) has grounded his concept from the advancement of
caring that present the coexistence of technology and caring in nursing. Furthermore, he
emphasized that being technologically competent is being caring and proficient to the
nursing practice (Kato, Miyagawa, Yasuhara, Osaka, Kataoka, Ito, Tanioka, Locsin,
Kongswan, 2017).
Being proficient in the profession, the nurse must embody the expertise in the
nursing practice, not just in providing holistic care but also in ensuring the safety of the
patient. In present times, healthcare systems have become more complex and
specialized. Along with this, the health problems of the patient had even more become
diverse. In a news article from Sunstar Philippines (2018), there have been incidents
where patient safety has been compromised and most of these incidents happening
inside Intensive Care Units. Such incidents include infected medical devices -- ventilators,
central lines, and urinary catheters. Professional nurses must be well-equipped with
patient safety skills to minimize the occurrence of medical errors (Jang & Lee, 2017).
development of the proficiency of nurses. With this, it will enhance patient care safety, as
competency will benefit the nursing discipline as it makes through the advancement of
The nursing practice in the Philippines has always been centered on providing
holistic care to the patient. In addition, professional nurses in the Philippines face
complexity and challenges upon entering the workforce and the need and demand for
patient care in hospitals have escalated due to dynamic and advancement of technology.
Health care professionals, especially nurses need to be at the top of their game in order
to render quality and holistic care and to ensure safety to their patients, especially with
the fast-changing and development in the scope of technology. This study aims to know
operating rooms and intensive care units and if they are well equipped with such
instrument in caring in the nursing practice will enhance not only the proficiency of the
nursing students in providing holistic care but also their patient safety competency in the
Theoretical Framework
This research study is anchored from Dr. Rozzano Locsin's middle range theory:
nurse from Dumaguete City who practices as a Professor of Nursing at Florida Atlantic
in Asia, such as Thailand and the Philippines. He earned his Bachelor and Master’s
Degree in Nursing at Silliman University and obtained his Doctor of Philosophy in Nursing
at the University of the Philippines. His theory explicated the co-existence between
technology and caring in the nursing practice. According to Locsin (2005), technological
competency is more than the entirety of technology, proficiency, caring, and compassion.
This notion was supported by underlying assumptions of the theory which are: (a) a
person is caring by his or her humanness, (b) a person is complete at the moment, (c)
which is the efficient use of the advanced technology along with enhancing the essence
of nursing care within the context of a person's health experience (Locsin, 2009). The
theory also stated that in order to attain holistic and quality care, the nurse and the patient
must establish mutual respect and trust. The patient must participate and allow the
technology to be involved in the process of technological knowing. Thus, both the nurses
and the patient including the technology should be congruent to one another in order to
Applying this theory into practice would aid BSN Alumni of University Z to focus and
to see the patient as the subject of care rather as an object at the moment. Through this,
patient safety will be actively and efficiently performed, and the competency with regards
to the patient safety of these professional nurses will be developed. Furthermore, applying
the Technological Competency as Caring in Nursing theory to the study would help the
caring and the patient safety competency of the BSN Alumni of University Z in the
specialized area such as Intensive Care Unit and Operating Room where they are
currently working. It will determine how the BSN Alumni of University Z render care and
ensure safety to the patients in spite of the dynamic advances in the environment of the
clinical setting.
Conceptual Framework
Age
Sex
Years in nursing experience
Area of Specialization
Figure 1. Describes the conceptual model of the study where the relationship of
the dependent variable, which is the patient safety competency among BSN Alumni of
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University Z. The intervening variables of this research study are the age, sex, years in
competency as caring in nursing and patient safety competency among BSN Alumni of
University Z.
a. Age
b. Sex
d. Area of Specialization
2. What is the level of technological competency as caring in nursing of the BSN Alumni of
University Z?
5. Is there a significant difference between the level patient safety competency of the BSN
Hypothesis
For research questions number one, two and three is hypothesis free. For
research inquiries numbers four, five and six, the following hypotheses have been
derived:
This research study will cover only the perception of the BSN Alumni of University
safety competency in the clinical area. Respondents of this study are the BSN Alumni of
University Z, both male and female and are currently working in a specialized area such
as Intensive Care Unit and Operating Room in a tertiary hospital. This study will be
the approval of the Dean of the School of Nursing. The duration of this research study is
The research aims to highlight the significance of the study to the following
beneficiaries:
the administrators and faculty will be able to evaluate the technological competency as
caring and patient safety competency of the nursing graduates in University Z. It will aid
them to identify certain matters that need to be modified in order to provide quality
education to the current student nurses of University Z. Thus, producing more competent
BSN Alumni of University Z. This study will benefit the BSN Alumni of University Z
in a way that they will determine their level of technological competency as caring towards
patient safety competency in the clinical area they are currently working. Also, the results
of this study will be utilized as a guide to improve their competency in the nursing practice
Nursing Practice. This research study will benefit the nurses in a way that they will
use this as a tool in enhancing their skills with regards to technological competency as
caring in correlation with patient safety, since the study enables nurses to assess their
own competency levels for self-improvement and can also be used for staff development.
This will render holistic and quality nursing care to the patient.
Nursing Education. This study will serve as a guide to the school of nursing
Nursing Research. This research study will serve as a blueprint for conducting
Future Researchers. This research study will serve as a guide to the researchers
who will conduct a similar study in the near future. This will aid them in expanding their
Definition of Terms
For better understanding of the terms used in this study, the following were
knowledge, skills, abilities and personal attributes that contribute to enhanced employee
performance and ultimately result in organizational success (Axley, 2008). In this study,
it is the ability of a professional nurse to carry out skills effectively and the ability to perform
them properly such as executing tasks and being creative in problem-solving to meet the
BSN Alumni of University Z. The study will focus on the technological competency
as caring and patient safety competency of BSN Alumni of University Z who have had
clinical exposure in the operating rooms and intensive care units at any tertiary level
hospital.
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Patient Safety. According to the the World Health Organization (2019), this refers
to the absence of preventable harm to a patient during the process of health care and
minimum. In this study, it refers to the patient’s well being under the care of the
professional nurse.
the coexistence of technology and nursing and is use to know and perceive a person
holistically and as a recipient of care rather than an object (Locsin, 2016). In this study, it
refers to the competent use of technology within a caring point of view by the BSN Alumni
of University Z to know their patient holistically in the moment. This is patterned from Dr.
University Z. The code name that will be used for locale of the study. The said
This chapter presents a review of literature that is related to the study. The various
In the study of Pepito and Locsin (2018), it was discussed that technological
breakthroughs had revolutionized human health and wellness care thereby also changing
the concepts, organization, and structure of the nursing practice. Innovation and
perform their jobs and render care to their patients efficiently and effectively. It will also
aid nurses to have coordination and proper communication with other healthcare
professionals in order to deliver appropriate care to their patients. Thus, nurses, as well
regarding advances in technology as they will be the one who decides which aspects of
Locsin (2016) added that the sophisticated forms of technology have now been
part of the integral and contemporary life of the human and their nature. People need to
adapt to the complexity and dynamic demands of technology in order to reside with the
fast-changing social norms. In the healthcare system, technology has also been
embedded in order to give quality care and treatment to the patient. With this, healthcare
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providers must be competent in order to provide continuous holistic care to the patients
According to Locsin and Purnell (2015), nursing - one of the subsidiaries of the
health care system dwells with changes along with the progression and demands of
human caring. Ergo, technology immersed with the grounds of nursing practice to
way through the advancement of technology in order to provide patient safety. According
to Helen Currier, a Texas Nurses Association member, "Our ability to use technology
always lead to safer care" (2013). In line with the complexities of the health care these
days, technological competency - when done right - can aid nurses in providing quality
and safe care to their patients. From administration of medication alone and
communicating with the other health care providers, nurses must be at the top of their
On the other hand, another article by Huston (2013) pointed out various impacts
of the emerging innovations of technology in the nursing practice. Aside from patient
and expertise. Hence, nurses must establish a foundation regarding the fast-changing
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technologies that will proactively modify the nursing practice to enhance their competency
that focuses on preserving the essence of nursing care as the technologic environment
continuously progresses. The first part of the model addresses the interrelationship of
both caring and technology. Part two stresses and describes the practical issues relevant
to the model. And lastly, section three presents the practical application of the model in
the nursing practice. Being technologically competent plays a significant role for nurses
in a variety of ways and situations - it becomes a vehicle for enhancing nursing care.
Furthermore, Simpson (2005) concluded that enhancing nursing care is one of the
nurse includes prevention of medical or nursing errors. These errors are more likely to be
caused by a weak system such as weak safety cultures, communication, protocols, and
training. Various solutions have been done and discussed and fortunately - technology
weighs a lot better in providing safety for the patient, as well as the prevention of medical
errors. However, nurses as being technologically competent should manage the three
P's: People, processes, and programs. Technology may help in eliminating errors,
howbeit, it is still the nurses who manipulate the system, as well as their other colleagues
Studies shown above suggest that technology plays a significant role in nursing
appropriate and holistic care to the patients. It also dwells more on the professional
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competency of nurses towards the dynamic changes in the organization and structures
of their discipline due to the fast-changing concept of technology. Given the observation
and result of the studies, it is essential for the nurses to be technologically competent.
Being able to adapt to changes easily enhances their competency in the practice of
nursing. Ergo, nurses should expand their knowledge regarding technology in order to
hospital-acquired infections. The most common infection acquired by patients in the ICU
in order to prevent patients in acquiring this infection and improve patient outcomes.
According to the study of Shahnaz, Bhardwaj, Tamang, and Dwivedi (2018), the bundle
or the set of practices performed by the ICU nurses had help in preventing the acquisition
of VAP. In their study, they covered 30 ICU nurses in selected hospitals both public and
private. With that, the result of the study revealed that critical unit nurses from both
hospitals have a knowledge gap to prevent the incidence of VAP among patients attached
to a mechanical ventilator in the unit. Furthermore, the study concluded that ICU nurses
in the private hospital have good performance in delivering the implemented set of
average performance in the use of VAP bundle. However, critical unit nurses from both
hospitals need to undergo continuous training to be equipped with such knowledge and
skills to prevent the incidence of VAP and also to develop their competency in patient
the risk for medical errors in the critical unit. These are the workload of the nurses, time
pressure and high technology. With that, they have intensively studied the safety culture
in the critical unit both in government and private healthcare institutions. The findings of
the study show that critical unit nurses from different settings such as medical, surgical,
and pediatric ICU - both public and private hospital had a low safety culture in the area.
ICU nurses had highlighted some factors that contribute to the results of the study.
According to the ICU nurses, increase workload, and inappropriate nurse-patient ratio
had given an impact on the safety climate on the critical unit. ICU nurses who are
assigned with different tasks became a bedside nurse due to unsuitable nurse-patient
ratio. Also, with the advance technology surrounding the clinical area, ICU have a hard
workload. Thus, hospital managers should pay attention to these factors as it could affect
the patient in the ICU and it can provide an optimal improvement in the clinical area
A study by Phyllis Kanjakaya (2014) focused on the perception of ICU nurses with
equipment and devices that are intended for the care of the critical patients are found.
These technology found in ICU played a significant role in reducing morbidity, mortality,
and the length of hospital stay of the ICU patients. In this study, it revealed that most of
the ICU nurses identified the positive effect of utilizing technology in the ICU area.
However, some ICU nurses identified some negative impacts of using technology.
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According to the respondents of the study, the use of technology increases the risk of the
patient due to misinterpretation of data. Also, it increases the nurses' psychological stress
because of the complicated aspects of the technological equipment or devices used for
the patient. Moreover, this study also displays a significant finding, which is the number
of ICU nurses who are unaware of the negative effects of technology. This instance will
lead critically ill patients to unnecessary risk. Ergo, ICU nurses must be given an
opportunity to practice several technological devices through training and seminars. This
will enable them to promote patient safety through their competency in using devices and
On the other hand, a study by Samaher Laila, Nadia Ahmed, and Mohammad
Mogahed (2011) assessed the perception of ICU nurses with regards to the use of
technological equipment in the critical care unit. According to this study, intensive care
unit or critical care unit is the specialized area in the hospital where the challenge of
technology in nursing is extreme. In a clinical setting where most patients are critical,
technological equipment and devices are vital for patient care management as they
provide life supports to those with life-threatening health problems. With this, technology
has been part of the ICU nurses' daily patient care management. In this study, it shows a
positive perception from the respondents as they perceived positive effects of technology
towards patient safety and care. According to the ICU nurses, technology improved
patient care and made an easy and faster completion of nursing duties, as well as it
improved their skills and enhanced their knowledge. Hence, the contemporary aspect of
developing their competency in patient care and safety through technology (Laila, Ahmed
incorporated with the nursing practice, especially in the Intensive Care Unit. Despite the
negative effects perceived by the ICU nurses, the positive impact of using technological
equipment and devices has been the main reason why ICU nurses continue to dwell with
technology in providing care to the critically ill patients. Efficient use of technology does
not only promote patient safety and quality care but also it aids in enhancing the nursing
skills and knowledge of ICU nurses. With this, technological competency of nurses should
Operating room represents one of the most complex areas in the hospital. The
surgical procedures done in the setting are dynamic and needs cooperation with all the
surgical team to ensure a positive outcome. The World Health Organization emphasized
that lack of surgical care quality and safety can lead to adverse events that can
compromise the overall well-being of the patient. In the study of Mallouli, Tlili, Aouicha,
Rejeb, Zedini, Salwa, Mtiraoui, Dhiab, and Ajmi (2017), patient safety culture in Tunisian
operation rooms were assessed through a Survey Questionnaire. The results of the study
demonstrate the lack of development of patient safety culture in the operating room.
Three dimensions exhibited low rating among all aspect included in the survey. These
are the teamwork across the unit, the frequency of adverse events reported, and staffing.
A low score in the aspect of teamwork should be given attention as it highlights the
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problem in cooperation and communication within the surgical team. This matter is crucial
as it may compromise the safety of the patient on the operating table. Collaboration within
the team must be done to ensure and promote a safety climate during the surgical
procedure. Surgical equipment and devices must be used efficiently in order to provide
quality care to the patient. The efficient use of operating room devices does not only fall
under the responsibility of the OR nurse but also it includes other healthcare professional
in the surgical team. Another dimension who had a low rating is the frequency of the
adverse events that were reported. The results explain the lack of reporting culture in the
clinical area where nurses and other healthcare professional consider errors as a lack of
skill rather than a way for learning opportunity. Another dimension with a low rating was
the staffing in the operating room. The findings of the study described the poor staffing
condition in the setting as there is not enough staff to handle such workload. With such
conditions, staff work in a crisis mode where all healthcare professionals are working too
much and too quickly without securing a safety climate in the area. It includes the
inefficient use of surgical equipment and devices that may lead to unnecessary patient
risk and medical errors. The results of the study indicate that the Tunisian operating
rooms need to improve the quality and safety care through implementing a quality
management system in order to establish a strong patient safety culture in the setting
(2017), to reduce complications in the operating room during the surgical procedure, both
technical and non-technical skills must be done. The most important skill is effective
well-being of the patient. With this, the World Health Organization (2007) had created a
care. In this study, it has been found out that there is a discrepancy in good
perceive the teamwork of the surgical team differently. Furthermore, it shows that there
On the other hand, the study of Ongun and Intepeler (2017) describe the operating
an underlying cause of the medical error, and one of them is the inefficacy of
lead to disruption of the effective use of equipment and devices needed for surgical
procedure. This instance will lead to medical error that can compromise the overall well -
being of the patient. However, the result of this study shows that healthcare professionals
in the operating room show a moderate level of patient safety attitudes due to the
good and effective communication towards each other. Thus, unit supervisors should
provide more opportunity to the healthcare professional in the operating room to improve
rather than to maintain the positive relationship towards each other that leads to effective
teamwork (Ongun and Intepeler, 2017). With this, the positive and safe climate in the area
will be maintained, and it will ensure the safety of the patients in the operating room.
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Another study by Hinde, Gale, Anderson, Roberts, and Sice (2016) focused on the
influence of the in situ simulation or the interprofessional point of care to the nurses in the
operating room. The in situ simulation has been used to improve patient safety
competency of not just nurses but also other healthcare professionals. The findings of
this study reveal that through the in situ simulation, there was a significant improvement
in both safety and teamwork climate in the operating room being studied. Moreover,
there is an improved awareness and confidence by the nurses in terms of dealing with
the critical situation after the implementation of the in situ simulation in the clinical area.
Ergo, other healthcare institutions might adapt the interprofessional point of care
simulation training to develop the safety climate in their clinical environment to ensure the
Most studies show that ineffective communication and lack of teamwork is one of
the underlying cause of medical errors in the operating room. Collaboration and teamwork
is essential especially in utilizing technology in the clinical setting. Equipment and devices
are use in the clinical area not only by the physicians but also by the nurses. Hence, when
utilizing technology in promoting the well-being of the patient in the operating room,
effective communication within the surgical team must be present. According to Hinde et
al., (2016), a simulation training such as the in situ simulation would aid in the
improvement of the patient safety culture of the operating room professionals. Through
this, medical errors that are deemed to be preventable can be further avoided and thus
promoting a secure and quality care to the patient in the operating room.
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Intensive care unit nurses are known to have high professional consciousness and
modified the environment that they worked in. With this, ICU nurses should transcend the
appropriate delivery of care to their patients with the dynamic nature of technology.
The study of Kato et al. (2017) about the recognition and practice of Intensive Care
proficiency of these nurses in the nursing practice based on the theory developed by Dr.
Rozzano Locsin. This includes 17 hospitals that agreed to become part of this research
studies. The ICU nurses of these hospitals answered a survey questionnaire that consists
(TCCN) and the viewpoint of ICU nurses on the practical situation of TCCN.
There are four factors used in order to compare the recognition and practice
situation of TCCN. These are the gender, years in clinical nursing, years in ICU nursing,
experience receiving education on caring, and educational level. With all of these four
factors, the score for recognition was significantly higher compared to the practice
situations. It also shows that the score for recognition is higher in the cluster who had
received education on caring than those group who did not have any experience.
Moreover, the score was also found to be higher from those nurses who have ten years
Comparing the results of the study, the scores reflect that the ICU nurses who have
been educated on caring acquired the recognition of the concept of TCCN practically in
the ICU setting. Although they have recognized the necessity of TCCN in their practice,
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they perceived that they don't have much opportunity to practice the theory or the concept
In this chapter, the researchers included literature and studies that have been all
published from the year 2006 to 2018. These studies expressed various concepts relating
professional nurses working in a specialized area such as the Intensive Care Unit and
Operating Room. Many researchers have shared their observations and thoughts through
their studies regarding the innovations of the healthcare system due to technology and
the strategies that would enhance the competency of the professional nurses on patient
safety. With that, it has been found out that the uprising advancement of technology
affects the overall structure and organization of the nursing practice. The nursing
discipline should adhere to the dynamic changes of the healthcare system to continue to
provide holistic and quality care, as well as to ensure safety to the patients. In order to
conform to the modifications, continuous education and training should be provided to the
professional nurses for them to develop their clinical skills, as well as maintain and
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Research Design
This study will utilize the correlational research design. Correlational research is a
type of nonexperimental research in which the researcher measures two variables and
assesses the statistical relationship between them with little or no effort to control
extraneous variables (Price, Jhangiani, Chiang, 2015). Furthermore, it shows how one
entity impacts the other and, what are the observed changes in the relationship of those
mathematical analysis in order to correlate two or more variables. The patterns and
relationship between the studied variables are concluded as they reside in their natural
Research Locale
This research study will be conducted at University Z in Davao City with the
respondents coming from the BSN Alumni of this institution. University Z showcases its
The respondents of the study are the 30 BSN Alumni of University Z that have
been working as an Intensive Care Unit Nurse and Operating Room Nurse in a tertiary
hospital.
Total 30 100%
Sampling Technique
be used to choose the respondents of this study. This sampling technique will focus on
the particular characteristics of the chosen respondents which in this study is the BSN
Alumni of University Z who are currently working in a specialized area - Intensive Care
Unit and Operating Room, in a tertiary hospital. Thus, purposive sampling technique is
Research Instrument
The instrument that will be used in gathering data for the research study is a survey
questionnaire adapted from the study of Development and Psychometric Testing of the
Final Year British and Finnish Pre-Registration Nursing Students by Hannele, Langari,
Tella & Smith (2017). The questionnaire has two parts. The first part of the survey
questionnaire includes the demographic data of the respondents which are the Age, Sex,
Years in Nursing Experience and Healthcare Institution currently working. The second
Caring and Patient Safety Competency. The Technological Competency as Caring survey
questions. Both survey questionnaires are answerable by a rating scale ranges from 1 to
the following measures of the variables both for Technological Competency and Patient
Safety Competency:
of Mean
4 3.51 – 4.50 Very Good The technological competency as caring affects the
2 1.51 – 2.50 Fair The technological competency as caring does not affect
quality care.
of Mean
5 4.51 – 5.00 Excellent The respondent strongly agree that they are competent
4 3.51 – 4.50 Very Good The respondent agree that they are competent with
3 2.51 – 3.50 Good The respondent believe that they have a neutral
2 1.51 – 2.50 Fair The respondent disagree that they are competent with
1 1.0 – 1.50 Poor The respondent strongly disagree that they are
Research Procedure
The researchers will ask permission to the Dean of the School of Nursing, Dr.
Patria V. Manalaysay, RN, MAN, Ph.D., DNS, to conduct the study. After given the
permission, the researcher will secure an informed consent from the respondents through
conducting an orientation. The orientation will include the purpose of the study, the rights
of the respondents, and the instructions on how the questionnaire should be answered.
Also, objectives of the study will be explained before the distribution of the questionnaire.
The researchers will be the ones to distribute the survey questionnaire and collect it after
10-15 minutes. Respondents of this study will be assured of the confidentiality of the
gathered data. Lastly, tabulation of the gathered data will be done after all of the
respondents have answered the questionnaire and all the data will be analyze using the
computer software.
Statistical Treatment
The researchers will utilize both parametric and non-parametric measures in the
demographic profile of the target respondents which is to answer the research query
number 1.
Mean and standard deviation will measure the level of technological competency as
caring and patient safety competency of BSN Alumni of University Z which are the
The ANOVA will be utilize to determine the significant difference between level of
technological competency as caring and patient safety competency of the BSN Alumni of
The Pearson R moment correlation test will measure the relationship between the
Alumni of University Z.
Ethical Consideration
complete the research study. A letter of request for the ethical approval to will be
personally given to Patria V. Manalaysay, RN, MAN, Ph.D., DNS, dean of School of
Nursing, to conduct a study. In addition, a letter of request was sent to Dr Rozzano Locsin
and Dr. Sussana Tella, to utilized their standardized questionnaires which will be use as
a research instrument in this study. Once approved, a letter and informed consent will be
discussed and given to the respondents of this study. The informed consent will consist
of the purpose, objectives, procedure of the study, and the benefits of the respondents
from the study. Respondents will be informed that their participation is entirely voluntary
and they have the discretion to withdraw from the research study. The respondents will
also be assured that the confidentiality of the data from the survey questionnaire will be
strictly maintained. The researchers will assure that the respondents have read and
understood the terms and condition of the research study before signing the informed
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consent. Furthermore, the data gathered by the researchers will be immediately disposed
REFERENCES
108.
Cronenwett, L., Sherwood, G., Barnsteiner, J., Disch, J., Johnson, J., Mitchell, P.,
& Warren, J. (2007). Quality and safety education for nurses. Nursing
Nursing Students: The Passport Project. Journal of Educators Online, 8(2), n2.
Hinde, T., Gale, T., Anderson, I., Roberts, M., & Sice, P. (2016). A study to assess
Jang, H., & Lee, N. J. (2017). Patient safety competency and educational needs
Kato, K., Miyagawa, M., Yasuhara, Y., Osaka, K., Kataoka, M., Ito, H., ... &
Kohn, L.T., Corrigan, J.M., & Donaldson, M.S. (2000). To err is human: Building a
Mallouli, M., Tlili, M. A., Aouicha, W., Ben Rejeb, M., Zedini, C., Salwa, A., ... &
Pepito, J. A., & Locsin, R. (2019). Can nurses remain relevant in a technologically
Price, P. C., Jhangiani, R. S., & Chiang, A. (2015, October 13). Retrieved from
https://opentextbc.ca/researchmethods/chapter/correlational-research/
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Shahnaz, A., Bhardwaj, U., Tamang, E. K., & Dwivedi, S. (2018). A comparative
Sharour, L. A., Suleiman, K., & Al-Ghabeesh, S. (2018). Toward having safe
Shock, 21(4).
Tella, S., Smith, N. J., Partanen, P., & Turunen, H. (2015). Learning patient safety
The Joint Commission. (2013). Sentinel event date - Root causes by event type.
http://www.who.int/patientsafety/safesurgery/tools_resources/SSSL_
Manual_finalJun08.pdf?ua=1.
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APPENDICES
APPENDIX A
We, the group 3 of BSN 4A, will be conducting a research study that is a part of
In line with this, may we humbly ask permission from your good office to allow the
researchers to conduct the study to the Bachelor of Science in Nursing - Alumni of Ateneo
de Davao University.
We are hoping for your kind consideration. Thank you, and more power!
Sincerely,
Trissha I. Junasa
Group Leader
February 6, 2019
Greetings!
We, the undersigned are BSN 3 student nurses from Ateneo de Davao
University School of Nursing under the mentorship of Prof. Liza G. Floresca, RN,
MAN, Ph.D. We are currently in the process of developing our research study with
Safety Competency among BSN Alumni of University Z”. In line with this, we
humbly ask for your permission if we may use your questionnaire on technological
competency for our research. Thank you and we look forward to hearing back from
Sincerely,
Trissha I. Junasa
Alexandra S. Balao
Aubrey Unique M. Evangelista
Zainah A. Esmael
Stephen Josh V. Lim
APPENDIX C
Greetings!
We, the undersigned are BSN 3 student nurses from Ateneo de Davao
University - School of Nursing from the Philippines. We are currently in the
process of developing our research study with a working title “Technological
Competency as Caring in Nursing towards Patient Safety Competency among
BSN Alumni of University Z”. In line with this, we humbly ask for your permission
if we may use your questionnaire on Self-Assessment of Patient Safety
Competency for our research. Thank you and we look forward to hearing back
from you in this matter. God Speed.
Sincerely,
Trissha I. Junasa
Alexandra S. Balao
Aubrey Unique M. Evangelista
Zainah A. Esmael
Stephen Josh V. Lim
BS Nursing
Ateneo de Davao University
Davao City, Philippines
APPENDIX D
Informed Consent
(Universal Format from WHO)
Purpose:
You are invited to participate in this research study. The purpose of this study is to
study the technological competency as caring and patient safety competency of the BSN
Alumni of University Z. The findings of this study will be reported to the Ateneo de Davao
University – School of Nursing.
Procedures:
In this research study, you will be asked to answer a survey questionnaire that will
take about 5 minutes to answer. The survey questionnaire will be provided and collected
by the researchers. The researchers will explain a brief background of the study and
instructions on how to answer the survey questionnaire. If you don’t wish to answer any
item included in the survey questionnaire, you may skip it and move on to the next item.
The data that will be gathered will be kept with outmost confidentiality and only the
researchers will have access to your given information.
Participation:
Your participation on this research will be entirely voluntary. You have the
discretion to participate or withdraw from the study without negative consequences of any
kind. Also your withdrawal from the study will not bear any negative impact on the results
and findings of the research study.
Benefits:
This study will have no direct benefit to you. However, your participation is likely to
be a great help to determine the technological competency as caring and patient safety
competency of the of University Z.
Confidentiality:
The information/data gathered for this research study will be treated with outmost
confidentiality will be used for research purposes only.
Consent:
Your signature on this form indicates that you have read and understood the
foregoing information, and your rights and responsibilities as a respondent. Your printed
name and signature below indicates your consent to participate in this research study,
_________________________________
_________________________________
Good day!
We, the 4th year Bachelor of Science in Nursing students of Ateneo de Davao University,
who are currently proposing a study entitled TECHNOLOGICAL COMPETENCY AS
CARING IN NURSING TOWARDS PATIENT SAFETY COMPETENCY AMONG BSN
ALUMNI OF UNIVERSITY Z.
The goal of the study is to determine the relationship between the technological
competency as caring and patient safety competency among BSN Alumni of University
Z. In line with this, we humbly ask for your participation on our study. However,
participation on our study is voluntary. Respondents have the right to withdraw at any
time without giving any negative impact on our research study. If you decide to participate
on our study, you will be asked to answer a survey questionnaire that will take about 5
minutes to answer. Rest assured that the data gathered will be strictly kept with outmost
confidentiality and will be use for research purposes only.
Gender:
o Female
o Male
Area of Specialization:
o Intensive Care Unit
o Operating Room
Age:_________
Years in Nursing Experience: ____________________
Instructions: Below are the list of statements in relation with Technological Competency
and Patient Safety Competency. Please indicate how strongly you agree or disagree with
each statement by putting a check (✓)
1 2 3 4 5
1. Nursing, an important part of
healthcare, focuses on human caring.
1 2 3 4 5
1. My competence in patient safety has
continuously improved during my
nursing education
2. I understand the central concepts
related to patient safety (e.g. patient
safety incidents, near miss adverse
event and barriers)
3. I am satisfied with my patient safety
competence
4. My competence regarding patient safety
is good
5. If I notice an adverse event (patient
suffer or harm), I respond immediately
as the situation requires
6. If I notice a patient safety incident (an
adverse event or near miss event), I
know how to make the patient safety
report
Male 15 50%
Female 15 50%
Age
- 1-5years 15 50%
50%
- 6-10years 15
(n) Deviatio
- 1-5years 210
- 6-10years 210
Currently Working
- Government 210
Institution
III. Significant difference between level of technological competency as caring
and patient safety competency of the BSN Alumni of University Z.
Deviation
- 21-30years old
- 31-40years old
- 1-5years
- 6-10years
Working
- Private Institution
- Government Institution
IV. Relationship between the level of technological competency as caring and
patient safety competency of BSN Alumni of University Z.
Coefficient Correlation
Value (r)
- 31-40years old
- 6-10years
- Government Institution