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    Photosynthesis, Light Dependent, and Light Independent

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    Rebel Riddle
    Photosynthesis uses light energy from the sun to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose through two main reactions. The light dependent reaction uses energy from sunlight to generate ATP and NADPH through the absorption of photons by pigment molecules in photosystems. This provides energy to power the light independent Calvin cycle, which uses the ATP and NADPH to fix carbon from carbon dioxide into glucose through a series of reduction reactions.

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    Photosynthesis, Light Dependent, and Light Independent

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    Rebel Riddle
    77 views2 pages
    Photosynthesis uses light energy from the sun to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose through two main reactions. The light dependent reaction uses energy from sunlight to generate ATP and NADPH through the absorption of photons by pigment molecules in photosystems. This provides energy to power the light independent Calvin cycle, which uses the ATP and NADPH to fix carbon from carbon dioxide into glucose through a series of reduction reactions.

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    Photosynthesis uses light energy from the sun to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose through two main reactions. The light dependent reaction uses energy from sunlight to generate ATP and NADPH through the absorption of photons by pigment molecules in photosystems. This provides energy to power the light independent Calvin cycle, which uses the ATP and NADPH to fix carbon from carbon dioxide into glucose through a series of reduction reactions.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    77 views2 pages

    Photosynthesis, Light Dependent, and Light Independent

    Uploaded by

    Rebel Riddle
    Photosynthesis uses light energy from the sun to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose through two main reactions. The light dependent reaction uses energy from sunlight to generate ATP and NADPH through the absorption of photons by pigment molecules in photosystems. This provides energy to power the light independent Calvin cycle, which uses the ATP and NADPH to fix carbon from carbon dioxide into glucose through a series of reduction reactions.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Photosynthesis: Independent Light Reaction and Dependent Light Reaction

    PHOTOSYNTHESIS

     Photosynthesis come from the Greek word “photo” means light and synthesis means to
    synthesize.
     Needs carbon dioxide, water and energy to manufacture to glucose- the building blocks of
    plants.
     “Photons” are the smallest units of light; oscillate along the path (wavelength); particle nature
    of light that was emitted from the sun
     Electromagnetic spectrum is the wide spectrum of wavelength.
     Photosynthetic organisms use only a small portion of electromagnetic spectrum called visible
    light.
     Photosynthetic organisms contains pigments that facilitate the capture of wavelength. Plants
    appear green because they reflect yellow and green wavelengths of light. Red and blue are
    absorbed by these pigments and provide the energy that is used for photosynthesis.
     Photo autotrophs/Eukaryotic photosynthetic organism is the chemical reactions of
    photosynthesis that occur within plant cells in specialized structures known.

    Light Dependent Reaction

     The reaction that synthesize glucose, the Calvin cycle occur in the stroma.
     Occur in the thylakoid. Conversion of light energy to CE is initiated.
     Thylakoids contains pair of Photosystems that work in tandem to produce the energy that will
    later be used in the stroma to manufacture sugars.
     The first photosystem is the network of accessory pigment molecules wherein within the pm the
    absorbed light energy excites electrons to a higher state. Photosystem II is the chlorophyll
    wherein the molecules absorb the photons of light.
     Photosystems will channel the excitation energy gathered by the pigment molecules to a
    reaction center Chlorophyll molecule which then pass the electrons to a series of proteins
    located in the thylakoid membrane.
     Light strikes PS1 and PS2 simultaneously.
     Energized electrons are passed from reaction center of PS2 to an electron transport chain.
     Photolysis – replaced the loss electron (process); involves the oxidation of a water molecule
    producing free electrons and oxygen.
     One energy from the elctrons is used to pump hydrogen ions from the stroma to the thylakoid
    creating a concentration gradient powers a protein called ATP synthase.

    Light Independent Reaction

     Also known as ‘Calvin Cycle’ or ‘Dark Reaction’.


     Consists of series of reactions that reduce carbon dioxide to produce the carbohydrate
    glyceraldehyde triphosphate (G3P).
     Following are the steps for light independent reaction:
    1. Carbon Fixation – carbon dioxide is attached to Riboluse 1, 5 biphosphate (RuBP)
    resulting in six-carbon molecule that splits into (2) 3-carbon molecules (3
    phosphoglycerate [PGA])
    2. Reduction – a sequence of reactions using electrons from NADPH and some of the ATP
    to reduce carbon dioxide. [2ATP  2ADP  2NADPH  2NADP + 2Pi = G3P] RuBP is
    generated. For every 3 turns of the cycle 5 molecules of G3P are used to reform 3
    molecules of RuBP.
    3. Regeneration of RuBP – The remaining G3P is then used to make glucose fatty acide or
    glycerol. It takes 2 molecules of (G3P) to make one molecule of glucose. (Cycle has to
    run 6x to produce one molecule of glucose) These molecules can remove their
    phosphate and add fructose to form sucrose.

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