Gramar Grade Ingles 3
Gramar Grade Ingles 3
Gramar Grade Ingles 3
Inglés 3
Núcleo de Idiomas
Contenido
Present Simple .................................................................................................................................... 3
WH Questions Structure ..................................................................................................................... 7
Quantifiers......................................................................................................................................... 10
Countable/Uncountable Nouns ........................................................................................................ 12
Using Countable & Uncountable Nouns ........................................................................................... 13
How much vs How many ................................................................................................................... 14
Present Continuous ........................................................................................................................... 17
Be going to ........................................................................................................................................ 19
Comparisons...................................................................................................................................... 22
Superlative adjectives ....................................................................................................................... 24
As….as................................................................................................................................................ 26
The past simple ................................................................................................................................. 28
Past Tense of Be ................................................................................................................................ 31
English Modal Verbs .......................................................................................................................... 34
Past continuous ................................................................................................................................. 36
The Present Perfect Continuous ....................................................................................................... 38
Key/Respuestas ................................................................................................................................. 42
Referencias bibliográficas ................................................................................................................. 45
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Present Simple
We use simple present tense in several different situations.
Use the Simple Present to express the idea that an action is repeated or regular. The
action can be a daily event, a habit, a hobby, a scheduled event or something that
often happens.
We use the Simple Present for statements that are always true.
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e. g. The train leaves tonight at 6 PM.
We commonly use the Simple Present with other verbs to make observations and
declarations in the course of conversation.
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*NOTES ON THE SIMPLE PRESENT, THIRD PERSON SINGULAR:
Negative and question forms use DOES (= the third person of the auxiliary 'DO') +
the infinitive of the verb.
e.g. He wants ice cream. Does he want strawberry? He does not want vanilla.
Exercise 1.
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2. Which of these verbs conjugate with he, she, it?
a. am c. has
b. is d. read
Do
WH + DO/DOES + SUBJECT + VERB
Be
WH + BE + SUBJECT
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2. When _____________ you finish school?
60% often
50% sometimes
0% never
These adverbs go after the verb to be and before the main verb.
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EXAMPLE
Exercise 3
Put the words below in the correct order.
___________________________________.
____________________________________.
___________________________________.
___________________________________.
___________________________________.
___________________________________.
___________________________________.
___________________________________.
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Quantifiers
We use quantifiers when we want to give someone information about the number of
something: how much or how many.
a little much
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Exercise 4
Choose the correct option to complete the sentences.
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Countable/Uncountable Nouns
In English grammar, words that refer to people, places, or things are called nouns. They
can be classified in many ways.
One way to classify nouns is according to whether they can be counted or not.
Countable (or count) nouns are words which can be counted. They have a singular
form and a plural form. They usually refer to things. Most countable nouns
become plural by adding an ‘s’ at the end of the word.
For example:
For example:
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Using Countable & Uncountable Nouns
When using countable or uncountable nouns, pay attention to articles and adjectives!
Some articles and adjectives can be used with both countable and uncountable nouns.
However, others can be used with only countable or only uncountable nouns.
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How much vs How many
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Exercise 5:
Choose how much or how many to complete the sentences correctly:
Too much + uncountable nouns: There is too much pollution in this city.
Too many + countable nouns: There are too many car accidents on weekends.
Not enough + uncountable nouns: There isn't enough sugar to make the cake.
Not enough + countable nouns: There aren't enough students for the
presentation.
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Exercise 6:
Complete the conversation with too many, too much or enough.
PEDRO: I don’t know. There are (1) _________________ places to choose from.
PEDRO: Don’t worry. I have (4) _________________ money, I can lend you some.
PEDRO: It’s fast, but it isn’t interesting (8) _________________. I want to see things.
CAROL: Come on, let’s go. Otherwise we really won’t have (9) _________________
time.
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Present Continuous
Form
This tense is made by using the present tense forms of the verb be, which needs to change
according to the subject of the sentence, and the present participle (verb + ing). This tense
is sometimes called the Present Progressive by some grammars and course books.
Meanings
We use this tense mainly to refer to temporary events and actions which have
begun but are not yet completed.
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We also use this tense to refer to future events and actions.
Exercise 7
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Be going to
1. We often use 'be going to' to talk about our future intentions and plans. We have
usually made our plans before the moment of speaking.
e.g. A: We've run out of milk.
2. We can also use 'be going to' to make a prediction about the future. Often it's possible
to use both 'be going to' and 'will' but it's more common to use 'be going to' if we can see
evidence in the present.
e.g. Look at those boys playing football! They're going to break the window.
Will
1. We use the future simple with 'will' to predict the future. It is the basic way we talk
about the future in English, and we often use it if there is no reason to use another future
tense. We can use it for future facts and for things that are less certain.
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I won't go!
In a similar way, we often use 'will' when we're talking about a decision at the moment of
speaking. We are usually making an offer or promise or talking about something that we
want to do.
3. We use the simple future with 'will' in the first conditional, and in other sentences that
have a conditional feeling.
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Exercises 8
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Comparisons
Comparative adjectives
Comparative adjectives are used when we want to compare two or more nouns. This
means that an adjective changes its form to be used in comparisons. These are the:
Examples:
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Exercise 9
Complete each sentence with the correct comparative form of the adjective in
parentheses. Add than when necessary.
Example: New cars are much quieter than (quiet) old cars.
6. Many people think modern life is ____________________ (good) life in the past.
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Superlative adjectives
Superlative adjectives are used when we want to compare three or more nouns. Using
the superlative form takes a comparison to the highest degree possible. These are the:
Examples:
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Exercise 10
Complete the sentences with the superlative form of the adjective or adverb in
parentheses.
Example: The biggest (big) piles of trash on Mount Everest are on the lower areas.
You can find a list of comparative and superlative adjectives at this website.
http://www.curso-ingles.com/gramatica-inglesa/compar-lista.php
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As….as
Another way to compare is to use as ... as. Here are some more examples:
Examples:
Examples:
• As sick as a dog
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• As quiet as a mouse
• As hungry as a bear
• As happy as a clam as clean as a whistle
http://esl.about.com/od/vocabularyreference/a/as_expressions.htm
Exercise 11
________________________________________.
________________________________________.
________________________________________.
________________________________________.
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The past simple
Positive forms
A regular past form ends in –ed.
The past simple is the same in all persons except in the past tense of be.
NEGATIVE QUESTION
Or didn't stop.
e.g. The car did not stop. The driver didn't look to his right.
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What did you tell the police? - Nothing. Did you ring home? - Yes, I did.
We do not use a past form such as stopped or rang in negatives and questions.
e.g. The car didn't stopped and NOT Did you rang?
NEGATIVE QUESTION
Example:
I wasn't very well last week. The gates weren't open.
Where was your friend last night? Was your steak nice?
Use
We use the past simple for something in the past which is finished.
Example:
Emma passed her exam last year. We went to the theatre on Friday. Elvis Presley
died in 1977.
I knew what the problem was. When did you buy this car? - About three years ago.
Exercise 12
Fill in the blanks with the past tense of the verb in parentheses ( ).
Example: The Wright brothers’ father gave them a flying toy. (give)
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4. They _______________ bicycles. (sell)
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Past Tense of Be
The verb be has two forms in the past: was and were:
Exercise 13
Fill in the blanks with was or were.
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4. There _______________ thousands of people in New York to welcome Lindbergh home.
5. Earhart _________________ the first woman to fly across the Atlantic Ocean.
We often use ‘have to’ to say that something is obligatory, for example:
Use of Have to
In each of the above cases, the obligation is not the subject's opinion or idea. The
obligation is imposed from outside.
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We can use have to in all tenses, and also with modal auxiliaries. We conjugate it just like
any other main verb. Here are some examples:
Exercise 14
Fill in the blanks with have to, has to or had to.
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English Modal Verbs
In English we use modal verbs to express different meanings, like requests, rules,
and possibility. Here is a list of modal verbs:
Exercise 15
Fill in the blanks with one of the modal verbs in the above table.
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7. I have to hurry up. I ________________ arrive late to work again.
8. There is a possibility that I _____________ finish work early today.
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Past continuous
USE
We use the past continuous to talk about an action which was in progress at a particular
time in the past.
Compare:
e.g. When I walked into the room, Mary was writing an email.
We use the Past Simple (walked) for a completed action in the past.
We use the Past Continuous (was writing) for an action in progress in the past.
While / When
We can use while or when before the Past Continuous.
I met Peter when I was running in the park. (when = during the time)
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We can only use when before the Past Simple.
Exercise 16
Choose the correct options.
1. I listened / was listening to the radio when I heard / was hearing this fantastic song.
2. When the teacher said / was saying ‘Stop!’, I still tried / was still trying to finish the last
question.
3. I feel really silly! While I danced / was dancing, I fell / was falling and broke / was
breaking my elbow.
4. Tim played / was playing a computer game when his mum called / was calling him for
lunch.
5. I looked / was looking for a file on my memory stick when I noticed / was noticing there
was a virus.
6. Ron found / was finding a really interesting website about dance music while he surfed /
was surfing the internet.
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The Present Perfect Continuous
We use the present perfect continuous for a continuous action that started in the past
and continues to the present.
Forms
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Use
We use the present perfect continuous tense to show that an action or state
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Exercise 17
Fill in the blanks with the present perfect continuous form of the verb in parentheses ().
EXAMPLE: I _____________________ (live) here for 6 six years.
I have been living here for six years.
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Key/Respuestas
Exercise 1
1. B, D, F 4. B.
2. B, C 5. B.
3. B, C 6. B.
Ex. 2
1. does 6. is
2. do 7. are
3. do 8. does
4. is 9. is
5. is 10. are
Exercise 3
1. I sometimes go to bed late on Sundays. 5. Daniel usually goes to work by bus.
2. We don’t usually have eggs for breakfast. 6. You never go to the gym before lunch.
3. They always have a shower in the morning. 7. I sometimes finish work early on Fridays.
4. She never does housework at the week. 8. You always watch sports on TV.
Exercise 4
1. each 2. Every 3. Many 4. Some 5. A lot of 6. A few
Exercise 5
1. How many…? 5. How much…?
2. How much…? 6. How many…?
3. How many…? 7. How many…?
4. How much…? 8. How many…?
Exercise 6
1. too many 6. enough
2. too many 7. enough
3. too much 8. enough
4. enough 9. Too much
5. too much
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Exercise 7
1. P 2. F 3. F 4. P 5. P 6. F 7. F 8. P
Exercise 8
1. am going to 5. will
2. will 6. am going to
3. am going to 7. will
4. will 8. will
Exercise 9
1. friendlier than 6. better
2. more important than 7. easier than
3. nicer than 8. worse than
4. bigger 9. hotter
5. more efficient 10. further than
Exercise 10
Exercise 11
Exercise 15
1. may/might 2. Can’t/must not 3. should 4. Must 5. Could/would
6. should 7. Can’t/must not 8. May/might
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Exercise 16
1. was listening/heard 4. was playing/called
2. said/was still trying 5. was looking/noticed
3. was dancing/feel/broke 6. found/was surfing
Exercise 17
1. has been growing 4. have been increasing
2. have been working 5. have we been waiting
3. has been lecturing 6. have you been working
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Referencias bibliográficas
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