HYDRAULIC PARTICULARS

CANAL:

CANAL @ KM.
SL.NO. PARTICULARS
7.275

1 DISCHARGE ( REQD. ) 6.114 cumecs

2 DISCHARGE ( DES. ) 7.128 cumecs

3 BED WIDTH 4.750 m

4 FULL SUPPLY DEPTH 1.500 m

5 VELOCITY 0.679 m/sec

6 BED FALL 1 in 7000

7 COEFFT. OF RUGOSITY 0.018

8 FREE BOARD 0.60 m

9 SIDE SLOPES 1.5:1

10 TOP WIDTH OF BANKS ( LEFT ) 2.500 m

( RIGHT ) 4.00 m
+ DOWEL BANK
11 LOSS OF HEAD 0.00 m

12 BED LEVEL + 586.985 m

13 FULL SUPPLY LEVEL + 588.485 m

14 TOP BUND LEVEL + 589.085 m

15 GROUND LEVEL (Centre) + 590.675 m

16 SKEW 0

17 SKEW FACTOR 1

DRAIN:

1 DRAIN BED LEVEL + 591.550 M

2 CATCHMENT AREA 0.785 sq.kms.

3 M.F.D 16.262 Cumecs

4 PROPOSED BED LEVEL OF TROUGH + 591.550 M

MFD CALCULATIONS:-

Catchment area (M) = 0.785 sq.km

Maximum Flood Discharge(By Dicken's formula) = CM 3/4

Where (M) = 0.785 sq.km

C = 19.5
Q = 19.50 x 0.785 ^0.75
= 16.262 Cumecs
PROPOSALS

Deep Bed Level of Drain = + 591.550 m

C.B.L. = + 586.985 m
F.S.L. = + 588.485 m

Since the deep bed level of drain is above the F.S.L, super passage is proposed for this crossing.

DESIGN OF VENTWAY FOR DRAIN

Maximum flood discharge (Q) = 16.262 cumecs

Assuming velocity through RCC trough = 3.00 m/sec

Area required = 16.262 / 3

= 5.42 sq.m

Providing depth of flow = 2.00 m

Providing width of barrel = 3.00 m
No.of Vents Required = 5.42 /( 3.00 x 2 )
= 0.90
say 2 No's
Velocity in the Barrel = 16.26 /( 3.00 x 4.00 )
= 1.355 m/sec
= 1.400 m/sec

However provide 1 vents of 1.75m width keeping in view of fluming ratio and depth of flow in drain.
Final depth of flow and velocity will be as per the TEL calculations.
LACEY'S BED WIDTH

Discharge = 16.262 Cumecs

Wetted Perimeter (P) = 4.80 x Q 1/2 ( vide cl.8.1.2 of IS 7784 ( part I ) - 1993 )
= 4.8 x 16.262 ^0.5
= 19.357 m

Considering 60 % fluming

Width of waterway = 0.60 x 19.357

= 11.614 m
= 11.700 m

However provided 10.2 m width at tail and approach channel

Thickness of End Verticals = 0.3 m

Thickness of MID Verticals = 0.3 m
Thickness of Expansion Joint = 0.012 m
Width of Barrel = 3.00 m
D/S Splay of Transitions = 3 : 1
U/S Splay of Transitions = 2 : 1

D/S Splay of Transitions = 11.700 - 6.30 x 3

2

= 8.1 m

U/S Splay of Transitions = 11.700 - 6.30 x 2

2

= 5.4 m

DESIGN OF TAIL CHANNEL

Discharge = 16.262 cumecs

Bed width = 11.70 m
Bed fall = 1 in 3300 591.040
n = 0.025
side slope = 1.5 :1
1.480
By trial and error method = 1.480 m
Bed Level = 589.56 11.70 589.560
Area (A) = (b+nxd)xd
Area = 20.602 sq.m

Perimeter (P) = b + ( 1 + n2 ) x 2 x d
Perimeter = 17.036 m

R = A/P
R = 1.209 m
R2/3 = 1.135

V = ( 1 / n ) * ( R2/3 ) * ( 1 / S )1/2
V = 0.790 m/sec

Discharge (Q) = VxA

Q = 16.283 cumecs > 16.262 cumecs
Hence OK
 FLOW CONDITIONS IN DRAIN
SUPER PASSAGE AT KM 7.275

FLOW CONDITION AT SECTION 1-1

COEFFICIENT OF RUGOSITY (n) 0.025
DISCHARGE (Q) ( in Cumecs) 16.262
BED LEVEL (BL) 589.560
SIDE SLOPE (s) 1.500
BED WIDTH (B) ( in mtrs) 11.700
FLOW DEPTH (D) ( in mtrs) 1.480 MFL + 591.040
MFL 591.040 1.5 :1 1.480 m
AREA = (B+sD)D ( in Sqm) 20.602 BL + 589.560
VELOCITY (V1 ) = Q / A ( in m/s) 0.789 11.700 m
VEL. HEAD = V12 / 2g 0.032
TEL @ 1-1 = MFL + VEL. HEAD 591.072
PERIMETRE (P) = B + 2D ( 1 + s2 )1/2 ( in mtrs) 17.036
HYDRAULIC MEAN RADIUS (R) = A / P ( in mtrs) 1.209
SURFACE SLOPE (S) = V12 n2 / R4/3 0.000302 3308.151

FLOW CONDITION AT SECTION 2-2

LENGTH FROM PREVIOUS SECTION(L) ( in mtrs) 0.000
COEFFICIENT OF RUGOSITY (n) 0.018
DISCHARGE (Q) ( in Cumecs) 16.262
BED WIDTH (B) ( in mtrs) 11.700
SIDE SLOPE (s) 0.000
BED LEVEL 589.560
FLOW DEPTH (D) ( in mtrs) 1.474 MFL + 591.034
MFL 591.034 1.474 m
AREA = (B+sD)D ( in Sqm) 17.246 BL + 589.560
VELOCITY (V2) = Q / A ( in m/s) 0.943 11.700 m
VEL. HEAD = V22 / 2g 0.045
PERIMETRE (P) = B + 2D ( 1 + s2 )1/2 ( in mtrs) 14.648
HYDRAULIC MEAN RADIUS (R) = A / P ( in mtrs) 1.177
SURFACE SLOPE (S) = V22 n2 / R4/3 0.000232
EDDY LOSS(he) = 0.5 ( V12 - V22 ) / 2g ( in mtrs) 0.007
FRICTION LOSS(Hf) 0.000
TEL wrt MFL = MFL + VEL HEAD 591.079
TEL wrt PREVIOUS TEL = PRE.TEL + ED.LOSS +FRI.LOSS 591.079 0.000 <------ Diff in TELs

FLOW CONDITION AT SECTION 3-3

LENGTH FROM PREVIOUS SECTION(L) ( in mtrs) 8.100
COEFFICIENT OF RUGOSITY (n) 0.018
DISCHARGE (Q) ( in Cumecs) 16.262
BED WIDTH (B) ( in mtrs) 6.00
SIDE SLOPE (s) 0.000
BED LEVEL 589.560
FLOW DEPTH (D) ( in mtrs) 1.445 MFL + 591.005
MFL 591.005 1.445 m
AREA = (B+sD)D ( in Sqm) 8.670 BL + 589.560
VELOCITY (V3) = Q / A ( in m/s) 1.876 6.000 m
VEL. HEAD = V32 / 2g 0.179
PERIMETRE (P) = B + 2D ( 1 + s2 )1/2 ( in mtrs) 8.890
HYDRAULIC MEAN RADIUS (R) = A / P ( in mtrs) 0.975
SURFACE SLOPE (S) = V32 n2 / R4/3 0.001179
EDDY LOSS(he) = 0.5 ( V22 - V32 ) / 2g ( in mtrs) 0.101
FRICTION LOSS(Hf) 0.005
TEL wrt MFL = MFL + VEL HEAD 591.184
TEL wrt PREVIOUS TEL = PRE.TEL + ED.LOSS +FRI.LOSS 591.184 0.000 <------ Diff in TELs
 FLOW CONDITION AT SECTION 4-4
LENGTH FROM PREVIOUS SECTION(L) ( in mtrs) 0.000
COEFFICIENT OF RUGOSITY (n) 0.0180
DISCHARGE (Q) ( in Cumecs) 16.262
BED WIDTH (B) ( in mtrs) 6.0000
SIDE SLOPE (s) 0.000
BED LEVEL 589.560
FLOW DEPTH (D) ( in mtrs) 1.445 MFL + 591.005
MFL 591.005 1.445 m
AREA = (B+sD)D ( in Sqm) 8.670 BL + 589.560
VELOCITY (V4) = Q / A ( in m/s) 1.876
VEL. HEAD = V42 / 2g 0.179 6.000 m
PERIMETRE (P) = B + 2D ( 1 + s2 )1/2 ( in mtrs) 8.890
HYDRAULIC MEAN RADIUS (R) = A / P ( in mtrs) 0.975 m
SURFACE SLOPE (S) = V42 n2 / R4/3 0.001179
EDDY LOSS(he) = 0.5 ( V32 - V42 ) / 2g ( in mtrs) 0.000
FRICTION LOSS(Hf) 0.000
TEL wrt MFL = MFL + VEL HEAD 591.184
TEL wrt PREVIOUS TEL = PRE.TEL + ED.LOSS +FRI.LOSS 591.184 0.000 <------ Diff in TELs

FLOW CONDITION AT SECTION 5-5

LENGTH FROM PREVIOUS SECTION(L) ( in mtrs) 15.820
COEFFICIENT OF RUGOSITY (n) 0.0180
DISCHARGE (Q) ( in Cumecs) 16.262
BED WIDTH (B) ( in mtrs) 6.000
SIDE SLOPE (s) 0.000
BED LEVEL 589.560
FLOW DEPTH (D) ( in mtrs) 1.471
MFL 591.031
AREA = (B+sD)D ( in Sqm) 8.826 MFL + 591.031
VELOCITY (V5) = Q / A ( in m/s) 1.843 1.471 m
VEL. HEAD = V52 / 2g 0.173 BL + 589.560
PERIMETRE (P) = B + 2D ( 1 + s2 )1/2 ( in mtrs) 8.942 6.000 m
HYDRAULIC MEAN RADIUS (R) = A / P ( in mtrs) 0.987
SURFACE SLOPE (S) = V52 n2 / R4/3 0.001119
EDDY LOSS(he) = 0.5 ( V42 - V52 ) / 2g ( in mtrs) 0.002
FRICTION LOSS(Hf) 0.018
TEL wrt MFL = MFL + VEL HEAD 591.204
TEL wrt PREVIOUS TEL = PRE.TEL + ED.LOSS +FRI.LOSS 591.204 0.000 <------ Diff in TELs

FLOW CONDITION AT SECTION 6-6

LENGTH FROM PREVIOUS SECTION(L) ( in mtrs) 0.000
COEFFICIENT OF RUGOSITY (n) 0.0180
DISCHARGE (Q) ( in Cumecs) 16.262
BED WIDTH (B) ( in mtrs) 6.000
SIDE SLOPE (s) 0.000
BED LEVEL 589.560
FLOW DEPTH (D) ( in mtrs) 1.471
MFL 591.031 MFL + 591.031
AREA = (B+sD)D ( in Sqm) 8.826 1.471 m
VELOCITY (V6) = Q / A ( in m/s) 1.843 BL + 589.560
VEL. HEAD = V62 / 2g 0.173 6.000 m
PERIMETRE (P) = B + 2D ( 1 + s2 )1/2 ( in mtrs) 8.942
HYDRAULIC MEAN RADIUS (R) = A / P ( in mtrs) 0.987
SURFACE SLOPE (S) = V62 n2 / R4/3 0.001119
EDDY LOSS(he) = 0.5 ( V52 - V62 ) / 2g ( in mtrs) 0.000
FRICTION LOSS(Hf) 0.000
TEL wrt MFL = MFL + VEL HEAD 591.204
TEL wrt PREVIOUS TEL = PRE.TEL + ED.LOSS +FRI.LOSS 591.204 0.000 <------ Diff in TELs
 FLOW CONDITION AT SECTION 7-7
LENGTH FROM PREVIOUS SECTION(L) ( in mtrs) 5.400
COEFFICIENT OF RUGOSITY (n) 0.0180
DISCHARGE (Q) ( in Cumecs) 16.262
BED WIDTH (B) ( in mtrs) 11.700
SIDE SLOPE (s) 0.000
CREST LEVEL OF DROP 591.550
FLOW DEPTH (D) ( in mtrs) 1.321
MFL 592.871
AREA = (B+sD)D ( in Sqm) 15.459
VELOCITY (V7) = Q / A ( in m/s) 1.052
VEL. HEAD = V72 / 2g 0.056 MFL + 592.871
PERIMETRE (P) = B + 2D ( 1 + s2 )1/2 ( in mtrs) 14.343 1.321 m
HYDRAULIC MEAN RADIUS (R) = A / P ( in mtrs) 1.078 BL + 591.550
SURFACE SLOPE (S) = V72 n2 / R4/3 0.000314
TEL wrt MFL = MFL + VEL HEAD 592.928 11.700 m

592.871

591.550 591.031

589.560

FLOW CONDITION AT SECTION 7-7 (ie @ DROP 1)

FLOW CONDITION AT SECTION 8-8

LENGTH FROM PREVIOUS SECTION(L) ( in mtrs) 0.000
COEFFICIENT OF RUGOSITY (n) 0.0250
DISCHARGE (Q) ( in Cumecs) 16.262
BED WIDTH (B) ( in mtrs) 11.700
SIDE SLOPE (s) 1.500
BED LEVEL 591.550
FLOW DEPTH (D) ( in mtrs) 1.346
MFL 592.896
AREA = (B+sD)D ( in Sqm) 18.466
VELOCITY (V8) = Q / A ( in m/s) 0.881
VEL. HEAD = V82 / 2g 0.040 MFL + 592.896
PERIMETRE (P) = B + 2D ( 1 + s2 )1/2 ( in mtrs) 16.553 1.346 m
HYDRAULIC MEAN RADIUS (R) = A / P ( in mtrs) 1.116 BL + 591.550
SURFACE SLOPE (S) = V82 n2 / R4/3 0.000419
EDDY LOSS(he) = 0.5 ( V72 - V82 ) / 2g ( in mtrs) 0.008 11.700 m
FRICTION LOSS(Hf) 0.000
TEL wrt MFL = MFL + VEL HEAD 592.936
TEL wrt PREVIOUS TEL = PRE.TEL + ED.LOSS +FRI.LOSS 592.936

0.000 <------ Diff in TELs

 FLOW FIGURE

8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
592.936 592.928 591.204 591.204 T.E.L 591.184 591.184 591.079 591.072
0.881 1.052 1.843 1.843 VELOCITY 1.876 1.876 0.943 0.789
592.896 592.871 591.031 591.031 M.F.L 591.005 591.005 591.034 591.040
1.346 1.321 1.471 1.471 DEPTH OF FLOW 1.445 1.445 1.474 1.480
591.550 591.550 589.560 589.560 BED LEVEL 589.560 589.560 589.560 589.560

FLOW

87 65 4 3 2 1
 D E S I G N O F D R O P WALL

Water level over drop = + 592.871 M

Water level on D/S of drop = + 591.031 M
Sill level of drop = + 591.550 M
Bottom level of drop = + 589.560 M
Depth of flow = 1.321
Density of concrete = 2.400 t/m 3
Wearing coat thickness = 0.075 m
+ 592.871

+ 591.031
+ 591.550 0.9

2.20 + 589.560

Top width of Drop wall = d

where d = maximum depth of flow over drop wall

= 592.871 - 591.550 = 1.321 m
= density of concrete = 2.40 t/m 3

Top width of Drop wall = 1.321 = 0.8529 m

2.40
However , provide Drop wall of 0.90 m Top width

(b).BASE WIDTH OF DROP WALL :

Base width of Drop wall = H + d +x +w.c

where d = maximum depth of flow over drop wall

= 1.321 m
H = Height of Drop wall
= 591.550 - 589.560 = 1.990 m
x = Cistern depth = 0 m
w.c= Thickness of wearing coat = 0.075 m
= density of concrete = 2.40 t/m 3
Base width of Drop wall = 1.990 + 1.321 + 0 + 0.08
2.40
= 2.186 m
However , provide Drop wall of 2.20 m bottom width
(c).LENGTH OF FLOOR :

L1 = 2dc+2 dc h

where L1 = required length of floor

dc = F.S.D. on D/S of drop = 1.471 m
h = Height of Drop = 1.990 m

L1 = 6.364 m
provide 6.400 m length

(d).THICKNESS OF APRON :

t = 0.55 dc + h

where t = Thickness of Apron

dc = F.S.D. on U/S of drop = 1.321 m
h = Height of Drop = 1.990 m

t = 1.001 m say 1.00 m

(Including 0.15m Wearing coat)
 SCOUR DEPTH CALCULATIONS FOR DRAIN

UPSTREAM:

Discharge (Q) = 16.262 cumecs

Bed width (L) = 11.700 m.
M.F.L. = + 592.896 m.
f (silt factor) = 2.00 ( as the top soils are all soils )

Discharge per mtr. Width ( q ) = Q/L

Discharge per mtr. Width ( q ) = 1.390 cumecs/m

Scour depth (d) = 1.34 x ( q² / f )1/3 (vide cl. 8.5.1 of IS 7786-1993 (PART - I)
= 1.325 m

Max. Scour Depth = 1.25 x d (vide cl. 13.2 of IS 7784-2000 (Part-2/Sec.2)

= 1.656 m

Max. Scour Level = 592.896 - 1.656

= + 591.240 m

However the U/S cutoff level is take = + 591.860 m

DOWN STREAM:

Discharge (Q) = 16.262 cumecs

Bed width (L) = 11.700 m.
M.F.L. = + 591.040 m.
f (silt factor) = 2.00 ( as the top soils are all soils )

Discharge per mtr. Width ( q ) = Q/L

Discharge per mtr. Width ( q ) = 1.390 cumecs/m

Scour depth (d) = 1.34 x ( q² / f )1/3 (vide cl. 8.5.1 of IS 7786-1993 (PART - I)
= 1.325 m

Max. Scour Depth = 1.5 x d (vide cl. 13.2 of IS 7784-2000 (Part-2/Sec.2)

= 1.987 m

Max. Scour Level = 591.040 - 1.987

= + 589.053 m

However the D/S cutoff level is take = + 589.053 m

 SCOUR DEPTH CALCULATIONS FOR CANAL

UPSTREAM:

Discharge (Q) = 7.128 cumecs

Bed width (L) = 4.750 m.
F.S.L. = + 588.485 m.
f (silt factor) = 2.00 ( as the foundation soils are F & F )

Discharge per mtr. Width ( q ) = Q/L

Discharge per mtr. Width ( q ) = 1.501 cumecs/m

Scour depth (d) = 1.34 x ( q² / f )1/3 (vide cl. 8.5.1 of IS 7786-1993 (PART - I)
= 1.394 m

Max. Scour Depth = 1.25 x d (vide cl. 13.2 of IS 7784-2000 (Part-2/Sec.2)

= 1.742 m

Max. Scour Level = 588.485 - 1.742

= + 586.743 m

Since the canal as designed for non silting and non scouring velocities, no cut-off walls are provided. However the
top foundation level of piers are proposed at 0.3 m below CBL i.e. at + 584.225 m

DOWN STREAM:

Discharge (Q) = 7.128 cumecs

Bed width (L) = 4.750 m.
F.S.L. = + 588.485 m.
f (silt factor) = 2.00 ( as the foundation soils are F & F )

Discharge per mtr. Width ( q ) = Q/L

Discharge per mtr. Width ( q ) = 1.501 cumecs/m

Scour depth (d) = 1.34 x ( q² / f )1/3 (vide cl. 8.5.1 of IS 7786-1993 (PART - I)
= 1.394 m

Max. Scour Depth = 1.50 x d (vide cl. 13.2 of IS 7784-2000 (Part-2/Sec.2)

= 2.091 m

Max. Scour Level = 588.485 - 2.091

= + 586.394 m

Since the canal as designed for non silting and non scouring velocities, no cut-off walls are provided. However the
top foundation level of piers are proposed at 0.3 m below CBL i.e. at + 584.225 m
 PROPOSAL SKETCH

Proposing 2 vent of 2.5 m width for the Super Passage.

Depth of flow in the trough portion = 1.471 m (As per flow conditions)
(from hydraulic calculations of drain)
vide cl: 4.1.1 of IS 7784(part2/sec2):2000
Total depth of flow including free board = 2.000 m

3.000
0.30 591.560 0.30
MFL 591.031

2.000
2.475
0.075 589.560 $ 589.560
0.300
0.100
 D E S I G N O F TROUGH SLAB FOR SUPER PASSAGE

No of Vents = 2 nos
Width of Vent = 3.0 mts.
Height of trough including wc = 2.075 mts.
Thickness of wc = 0.075 mts.
Thickness of Hor. Mem = 0.300 mts.
Thickness of Ver.(end) Members = 0.300 mts.
Thickness of Ver (Middle) Members = 0.000 mts.
M F L of Drain computed = 591.031 M
Free Board of drain = 0.000 mts.
Drain Bed Level = 589.560 M
F.S.L. of Canal = 588.485 M
Trough Level = 589.560 M
Total width of trough = 6.600 mts.
Top level of trough = 591.560 M
Density of RCC = 2.500 t/m3
Density of earth = 2.100 t/m3
Density of concrete = 2.400 t/m3
Density of water = 1.000 t/m3
Size of bottom Haunch = 0.100 m

591.560

2.075

3.00 589.560
0.30

0.30 3.0 0.30

3.60
Loads on trough slab per mt.

Wt. of bottom member = 0.300 * 2.500 = 0.750 t/m2

Wt. of wc = 0.075 * 2.400 = 0.180 t/m2
wt of water upto top of trough = 2.000 * 1.000 2.000 t/m2
TOTAL 2.930 t/m2

say 2.93 t/m2

c/c span of each vent = 3.000 + 0.300 / 2 + 0.300 / 2

= 3.300 m

The trough is analysed using STAAD PRO taking the following loading diagram.

2.93 t/m2
2.075 t/m2

1 2 3 4
2.225 3.300 2.225

1 23 3 4
1
 STADD INPUT 7.550

1 STAAD SPACE
2 START JOB INFORMATION
3 ENGINEER DATE 19-Sep-19
4 END JOB INFORMATION
5 INPUT WIDTH 79
6 UNIT METER KN
7 JOINT COORDINATES
8 1 0 0 0; 2 2.225 0 0; 3 5.525 0 0; 4 8.825 0 0; 5 11.05 0 0;
9 MEMBER INCIDENCES
10 1 1 2; 2 2 3; 3 3 4; 4 4 5;
11 DEFINE MATERIAL START
12 ISOTROPIC CONCRETE
13 E 2.17185e+007
14 POISSON 0.17
15 DENSITY 23.5616
16 ALPHA 1e-005
17 DAMP 0.05
18 TYPE CONCRETE
19 STRENGTH FCU 27579
20 END DEFINE MATERIAL
21 MEMBER PROPERTY AMERICAN
22 1 TO 4 PRIS YD 0.3 ZD 1
23 CONSTANTS
24 MATERIAL CONCRETE ALL
25 SUPPORTS
26 2 TO 4 PINNED
27 LOAD 1 LOADTYPE None TITLE LOAD CASE 1
28 MEMBER LOAD
29 2 3 UNI GY -2.93
30 1 LIN Y 0 -2.075
31 4 LIN Y -2.075 0
32 PERFORM ANALYSIS PRINT ALL
33 PERFORM ANALYSIS PRINT ALL
34 FINISH

BENDING MOMENT

Beam L/C Dist m Mz kNm Dist m My kNm My kNm Mz kNm

1 1 LOAD CAMax +ve 2.225 1.712 0 0
Max -ve 0 0 0 0
2 1 LOAD CAMax +ve 3.3 3.124 0 0
Max -ve 1.375 -1.577 0 0
3 1 LOAD CAMax +ve 0 3.124 0 0
Max -ve 1.925 -1.577 0 0
4 1 LOAD CAMax +ve 0 1.712 0 0
Max -ve 2.225 0 0 0
SHEAR FORCE

Beam L/C Dist m Fy kN Dist m Fz kN My kNm Mz kNm

1 1 LOAD CAMax +ve N/A N/A 0 0
Max -ve 2.225 -2.308 0 0
2 1 LOAD CAMax +ve 0 4.407 0 0
Max -ve 3.3 -5.262 0 0
3 1 LOAD CAMax +ve 0 5.262 0 0
Max -ve 3.3 -4.407 0 0
4 1 LOAD CAMax +ve 0 2.308 0 0
Max -ve N/A N/A 0 0
 TROUGH SLAB

From STAAD ANALYSIS ,

the MAX BENDING MOMENT occurs in
MAX BM 1.57 t-m (hogging) @ support
MAX BM 3.124 t-m (sagging) @mid span
Depth of water in trough = 2.000 m (including free board)
Thickness of Slab = 30.00 cm
Clear Cover = 5 cm
Dia of steel Rod = 12 mm
Effective Depth available = 24.4 cm
Grade of Concrete = M25
ADOPTING RCC M25 grade
A)for face away from water B)for face in contact with water
C = 85 kg/cm 2
C = 85 kg/cm2
t = 1900 kg/cm2 t = 1500 kg/cm2
m = 10 m = 10
j = 0.902 j = 0.902
Q = 11.046 Q = 11.046
case 1:
Effective Depth Reqd = (M/Qb) = 1.57 x 10^5
At Support 11.046 x 100
= 11.92 cm
case 2:
Effective Depth Reqd = (M/Qb) = 3.124 x 10^5
At Midspan 11.046 x 100
1 = 16.82 cm

Effective Depth Provided = 24.4 cm > 16.82

Hence ok
Steel Required : @ Support
Ast. Required :
at support at top
Dia of steel Rod = 12 mm
Area of steel Rod = 1.131 cm2
Effective Depth available = 24.4 cm
Ast. Required : = (M*10^5) / t*j*d
at middle support at top = 1.57 x 10^5
1900 x 0.902 x 24.4
= 3.75 cm2

Pull due to water thrust = 1000 x 2.000 ^2

2.00
= 2000 kg-m
Area of steel for Pull = 2000
1900
= 1.05 cm2
Total steel required = 3.75 + 1.05
= 4.81 cm2
Steel Proposed:
In addition to 12 mm dia bars @ 300 mm c/c straight rods
+ 3.77 cm2
0 mm dia bars @ 270 mm c/c cranked rods
+ 0.000 cm2
Provide 10 mm dia bars @ 300 mm c/c Extra rods
2.619 cm2

giving a total area of 6.39 cm2 > 4.81 cm2

Steel Required : @ Midspan

Ast. Required :
at mid span at bottom
Dia of steel Rod = 12 mm
Area of steel Rod = 1.131 cm2
Effective Depth available = 24.4 cm
Ast. Required : = (M*10^5) / t*j*d
at mid span at bottom = 3.124 x 10^5
1500 x 0.902 x 24.4
= 9.46 cm2

Pull due to water thrust = 1000 x 2.000 ^2

2.00
= 2000 kg-m

Area of steel for Pull = 2000

1500
= 1.33 cm2
Total steel required = 9.46 + 1.33
= 10.80 cm2
Steel Proposed:
In addition to 12 mm dia bars @ 100 mm c/c straight rods
+ 11.31 cm2
giving a total area of 11.31 cm2 > 10.80 cm2
As per cl 7.1 of I.S.:3370 (part II) -1965
Min Reinforcement in each direction (For HYSD bars)
for 100 mm thick = 0.24% of conc section
for 450 mm thick = 0.16% of conc section
for 300 mm thick slab
Min % of steel = 0.24 - 0.08 * 200
350
= 0.194 %
Min % of steel = 0.194 * 100 * 30
100
Min % of steel = 5.829 cm2 in each direction
Distributing it equally at top & bottom
Min steel in each direction on both faces = 5.829 = 2.91 cm2
2

DISTRIBUTION STEEL:-

Distribution steel required = 2.91 cm2

Dia of steel Rod = 10 mm
Area of steel Rod = 0.786 cm2
Spacing of steel Rods = 250 mm
Hence provide 10 mm dia bars @ 250 mm c/c
as distribution steel both @ top & bottom.
Ast. Provided = 3.14 cm2 > 2.91 cm2

CHECK FOR SHEAR:-

As per the Shear force diagram Max shear is 2.342 tons
and the shear at nearby support 1.048 tons
c/c of span = 3.3 m
Thickness of support = 0.3 m

2.342 X = SF at face of section

3.3 - a

0.15
2.130
a = 2.280
1.048
3.3 m

a 3.3 - a
2.342 1.048

a = 2.280 m
 Again by interpolation X 2.342
2.130 2.280
Shear Force at face of support 'X' = 2.188 tons
Shear Stress = V bd
v = 2.188 * 1000
100 * 24.40

v = 0.897 Kg/cm2
100*As / b*d = 100 * 6.39
100 * 24.40
= 0.262 %
FROM TABLE 23 OF IS:456 -2000 for 100 As / bd = 0.262 %
Permissible shear stress for M25 concrete
c = 0.234 N/mm2
c = 2.338 Kg/cm2
c > v
Hence ok, safe in shear

10 @ 250 mm c/c
(dist steel)

12 @ 300 mm c/c (straight rod) +

10 @ 300 mm c/c (Extra rod)

12 @ 100 mm c/c
 DESIGN OF MIDDLE BEAM

Clear Span : 5.625 m

Top width of pier: 1.000 m
Top level of Side Wall : 591.560 m
Top level of middle Wall : 591.560 m
Drain(trough) Bed Level : 589.560 m
M.F.L. of Drain : 591.031 m
Depth of flow in drain : 1.471 m
Free Board : 0.529 m
Thickness of Wc: 0.075 m
Thickness of trough slab: 0.300 m; multfac 0.5
Width of trough slab : 3.000 m
Thickness of Middle Beam: 0.300 m
Thickness of End Beam: 0.300 m
Depth of beam = 2.475 m
Clear Cover = 4.0 cm
Dia of main steel Ro = 32 mm ; No of rows of steel rods 2
dia of ver stirrup = 12 mm
Effective Depth available 237.50 cm
Grade of Concrete = M25
Size of fillets = 100 mm
100 mm
Size of haunches = 100 mm
100 mm
Unit wt of RCC = 2.5 t/m3
Unit wt of water = 1.0 t/m3

591.560
591.560

2.075 2.000

589.560
0.300
0.100

0.30 3.000 0.30

Loads coming on the Intermediate wall / Beam :

a)Self wt of beam : 2.475 * 0.3 * 2.5

= 1.856 t/m

b)Self wt of slab : 0.375 * 3.000 * 0.5 * 2 * 2.5

incl wearing coat
= 2.813 t/m

c)Wt of water : 2.000 * 3.000 * 0.5 * 2 * 1.0

incl free board
= 6.000 t/m

d)Wt of water : 0.000 * 0.300 * 0.5 * 2 * 1.0

over mid beam
= 0.000 t/m

e)Wt of haunches : 0.500 * 0.10 * 0.10 * 2 * 2.5

= 0.025 t/m

f)Wt of fillets : 0.500 * 0.1 * 0.1 * 2 * 2.5

= 0.025 t/m

10.719 t/m
say 10.800 t/m
Effective Span Calc (cl 305.4 of IRC 21-2000 & IS 3370)

a) Clear span + Eff depth = 5.625 + 2.375 = 8.000 m

b) C/C of bearings = 5.625 + 0.5 + 0.5 = 6.125 m

2 2
Effective Span = 6.125 m
(least of a & b)
Max Bending Mome = W*L*L/8
= 10.800 * 6.125 * 6.125
8
= 50.65 t-m

ADOPTING RC M25 grade

C = 85 kg/cm2
t = 1900 kg/cm2
j = 0.89
Q = 12.482
fy = 415 N/mm2
Effective Depth available :
247.5 - 4.0 - 1.2 - 3.2 - 1.6 = 237.50
cm
Effective Depth Req (M/Qb) = 50.65 * 10^5
12.482 * 30

= 116.30 cm < 237.50 cm

Hence ok
Steel Required :

Ast. Required :
Dia of steel Rod = 32 mm
Area of steel Rod = 8.046 cm2
Effective Depth available = 237.500 cm
Ast. Required : = (M*10^5) / t*j*d
= 50.65 * 10^5
1900 * 0.89 * 237.5
= 12.61 cm2
Min Tensile Reinforcement req 0.85 * bd
fy

0.85 * 300 * 2375

415
= 1459.34 mm2
= 14.59 cm2

Ast. Required : = 14.59 cm2

Number of steel Rods Reqd = 1.81 nos

Provide 2.00 nos 32 mm dia
giving an area of 16.09 cm2

Check for Lateral Stability:-

As per Cl. 23.3 of IS 456 :2000

case i) 60 b = 60 x 0.300 = 18 m

case ii) 250 b2 = 250 x 0.300 x 0.30

d 2.38

= 9.474 m > 5.625 m

Hence ok
 Check for Shear :

Max Shear Force :- 10.800 * 6.125

2
= 33.075 t

Nominal Shear Stress v = 33.075 * 1000 4.64 kg/cm2

30.0 * 237.5

Permissible Max Shear Stress c max = 1.9 N/mm2

or 19 kg/cm2

v <Tc max O.K

100*As / b*d = 100 * 16.09

30.0 * 237.5
= 0.226 %
FROM TABLE 23 OF IS:456 -2000 for 100 As / bd = 0.226 %
Permissible shear stress for M25 concrete
c = 0.220 N/mm2
c = 2.203 Kg/cm2
v > c
Hence Shear reinf is required

Shear Capacity of Concrete = c * bd

= 2.203 * 30.0 * 237.5
= 15699.07 kg
= 15.70 t

Shear to be resisited by Shear reinforcement

Vs = 33.075 - 15.70
= 17.38 t
dia of ver stirrup = 12 mm
Area of steel Rod = 1.131 cm2
t = 1750 kg/cm2
(Tensile stress in shear reinf for members 225 mm or more in thickness, vide
table2 of IS:3370(Part II)-1965.)

No of Legs of stirrup = 2
spacing of 2 legged stirrups
2 * 1.131 * 1750 * 237.5
17.38 * 1000

= 54.127 cm or 541.3 mm
or 540 mm c/c
 Minimum Shear reinforcement :-
Asv > 0.4
bSv 0.87fy

Sv = 0.87 * 415 * 2 * 113

0.4 * 300

= 680.84 mm

Max spacing of shear reinforcement :-

0.75d or 300 mm whichever is less
0.75 * 237.5 or 300 mm
178.125 cm or 30 cm
Hence Provide 12 mm dia 2 legged stirrups at 300 mm c/c

Distribution Steel :
Check for min steel as per IS :3370-1965,Part 2
Min area of Ast reqd in each direction = 0.2 * 100 * 30
100
= 6.00 cm^2
Ast reqd in each face = 6.00 /2 = 3.000 cm2
dia of steel rod = 10 mm
Area of steel Rod = 0.786 cm2
spacing of rods = 220 mm
Hence provide 10 mm dia bars @ 220 mm c/c
Ast. Provided in sq cm = 3.571 cm2

But from cl 26.5.1.3, IS 456 - 2000 , side face reinforcement is to be provided a

two faces when the depth of the web in a beam exceeds 750 mm. The total area
reinforcement shall not be less than 0.1 percent of the web area and shall be dist
equally on two faces at a spacing not exceeding 300 mm or web thickness which
is less.
Total area of steel reqd = 0.1 x 30 x 207.5
100
= 6.225 cm2
Distribution steel provided on both faces i.e.
number of bars = 2075 x 2 = 18.86 nos
220 say 20.00 nos

Area of Dist steel provided = 20 x 0.786

= 15.71 cm 2
> 6.225 cm2
Hence ok
Hence provide 10 mm dia bars @ 220 mm c/c
as side face reinforcement

300 16 mm dia hanger

rods 2 nos

12 mm dia 2 Legged stirrups

@ 300 mm c/c

10 mm dia
@ 220 mm c/c

2 nos 32 mm dia
in two rows
MIIDDLE BEAM
 DESIGN OF END BEAM

Clear Span : 5.625 m

Top width of pier: 1.000 m
Top level of trough : 591.560 m
Drain(trough) Bed Level : 589.560 m
M.F.L. of Drain : 591.031 m
Depth of flow in drain : 1.471 m
Free Board : 0.000 m
Thickness of Wc: 0.075 m
Thickness of trough slab: 0.300 m; multfac 0.5
Width of trough slab : 3.000 m
Thickness of End Beam: 0.300 m
Depth of beam = 2.475 m
Clear Cover = 4.0 cm
Dia of main steel Rod = 25 mm ; No of rows of steel rods 1
dia of ver stirrup = 10 mm
Effective Depth available = 241.25 cm
Grade of Concrete = M25 grade
Size of fillets = 100 mm
100 mm
Size of haunches = 100 mm
100 mm
Unit wt of concrete = 2.5 t/m3
Unit wt of water = 1.0 t/m3

591.560

2.075

589.560
0.300
0.100

0.30 3.000 0.30

Loads coming on the end wall / Beam :

a)Self wt of beam : 2.475 * 0.300 * 2.500 = 1.856 t/m

b)Self wt of slab : 0.375 * 3.000 * 0.5 * 1

incl wearing coat * 2.500 = 1.406 t/m

c)Wt of water : 1.471 * 3.000 * 0.5 * 1

incl free board * 1.000 = 2.207 t/m

d)Wt of haunches : 0.500 * 0.100 * 0.100 * 1

* 2.500 = 0.013 t/m

e)Wt of fillets : 0.500 * 0.1 * 0.1 * 1

* 2.500 = 0.013 t/m

5.494 t/m
say 5.600 t/m

Effective Span Calc : (cl 305.4 of IRC 21-2000)

a) Clear span + Eff depth = 5.625 + 2.413 = 8.038 m

b) C/C of bearings = 5.625 + 0.5 + 0.5

2 2
= 6.125 m

Effective Span = 6.125 m

(least of a & b)
Max Bending Moment = W*L*L/8
= 5.600 * 6.125 * 6.125
8
= 26.26 t-m

ADOPTING RCC M25 grade vide table 21 of IS 456:2000 & IS 3370

C = 85 kg/cm2 C = 85 kg/cm2
t = 1900 kg/cm 2
t = 1500 kg/cm2
j = 0.902 j = 0.902
Q = 11.0462 Q = 11.046
fy = 415 N/mm2 fy = 415 N/mm2
Effective Depth available :
247.5 - 4.0 - 1 - 1.25 = 241.250 cm

Effective Depth Reqd = (M/Qb) = 26.26 * 10^5

11.046 * 30
= 89.020 cm < 241.25 cm

Hence ok
STEEL REQUIRED:

Ast. Required :
Assuming Dia of steel Rod = 25 mm
Area of steel Rod = 4.911 cm2
Effective Depth available = 241.25 cm

(Assuming two rows)

Ast. Required : = (M*10^5) / t*j*d
= 26.26 * 10^5
1500 * 0.902 * 241.25
= 8.045 cm 2

Min Tensile Reinforcement reqd: 0.85 * bd

fy

0.85 * 300 * 2412.5

415
= 1482.38 mm2
= 14.82 cm2
Ast. Required : = 14.82 cm2
Number of steel Rods Reqd = 3.02 nos
Provide 4 nos 25 mm bars giving an area of 19.64 cm2
Check for Lateral Stability:-

As per Cl. 23.3 of IS 456 :2000

case i) 60 b = 60 x 0.300 = 18 m

case ii) 250 b2 = 250 x 0.300 x 0.30

d 2.41

= 9.326 m > 2.763 m

Hence ok
Check for Deflection:

As per Cl. 23.2.1 of IS 456 :2000, for simply supported spans

span to effective depth ratio shall not exceed 20 (or) 20(10/span) (for 10m above span)

Span = 5.525 m
Eff. Depth = 241.25 cm

Ratio = Span / Eff. Depth

= 5.525 / 2.4125
= 2.290 < 20
Hence OK
CHECK FOR SHEAR:

Max Shear Force :- 5.600 * 6.525

2
= 18.27 t

Nominal Shear Stress v = 18.27 * 1000 2.524 kg/cm2

30.0 * 241.25

Permissible Max Shear Stress c max = 1.9 N/mm2

or 19 kg/cm2

v <Tc max Hence O.K

100*As / b*d = 100 * 19.64

30.0 * 241.25
= 0.271 %
FROM TABLE 23 OF IS:456 -2000 for 100 As / bd = 0.271 %

Permissible shear stress for M25 concrete

c = 0.237 N/mm2
c = 2.368 Kg/cm2
c < v

Shear Capacity of Concrete = c * bd

= 2.368 * 30.0 * 241.25
= 17142 kg
= 17.14 t

Shear to be resisited by Shear reinforcement

Vs = 17.142 - 18.270
= 1.13 t
dia of ver stirrup = 10 mm
Area of steel Rod = 0.786 cm2
t = 1750 Kg/cm2
(Tensile stress in shear reinf for members 225 mm or more in thickness, vide
table2 of IS:3370(Part II)-1965.)

No of Legs of stirrups = 2
spacing of 2 legged stirrups
2 * 0.786 * 1750 * 241.25
1.13 * 1000

= 588.14 cm or 5881.4 mm
Minimum Shear reinforcement :-
Assuming 2 legged 10 mm dia
Asv > 0.4
bSv 0.87fy

Spacing Sv = 0.87 * 415 * 2 * 79

0.4 * 300

= 472.80 mm

Spacing of shear reinf 2 legged stirrups 10 mm @ 300 mm

Distribution Steel :
Check for min steel as per IS :3370-1965
Min area of Ast reqd in each direction = 0.194 * 100 * 30
100
= 5.83 cm2
Ast reqd in each face = 5.83 /2 = 2.914 cm2
Dia of steel rod = 10 mm
Area of steel Rod = 0.786 cm2
spacing of rods reqd = 250 mm
Hence provide 10 . bars @ 250 mm c/c
Ast. Provided in sq cm = 3.143 cm2
But from cl 26.5.1.3, IS 456 - 2000 , side face reinforcement is to be provided along the
two faces when the depth of the web in a beam exceeds 750 mm. The total area of such
reinforcement shall not be less than 0.1 percent of the web area and shall be distributed
equally on two faces at a spacing not exceeding 300 mm or web thickness which ever
is less.

Total area of steel reqd = 0.1 x 30 x 247.5

100
= 7.425 cm2
Distribution steel provided on both faces i.e.
number of bars = 2475 x 2 = 19.80 nos
250 say 20.00 nos

Area of Dist steel provided = 20 x 0.786

= 15.71 cm2 > 7.425 cm2
Hence ok
Hence provide 10 mm dia bars @ 250 mm c/c
as side face reinforcement
Design of end side wall for cantilever action :

Total horizontal pressure due

due to side thrust of water = w h2 / 2
1.471
= 1 x ( 1.471 )2
2

= 1.082 t / m

Moment = 1.082 x ( 1.471 + 0.075 )

3
= 0.612 t-m / m

Effective Depth Reqd = (M/Qb) = 0.612 * 10^5

11.04624 * 100
= 7.441 cm
Effective Depth available = 30 - 4.0 - 1 /2
= 25.5 cm > 7.441 cm
Hence ok
Ast. Required : = (M*10^5) / t*j*d
= 0.612 * 10^5
0.902 * 1500 * 25.50
= 1.773 sqcm (on water face) 1

Area of vertical stirrups arrived from min shear consideration

= 10 mm 2 legged stirrups at 300.0 mm c/c
Area per metre length = 2 x 0.79 x 100
30.00
= 5.238 cm2
Area of steel required on each face = 5.238 = 2.619 cm2 2
2
Area of steel required on water face
per metre length = 1.773 cm2
But as per cl 7.1.1.1 of IS 3370 (part II ), 100 mm - 0.24 %
Min % of reinforcement to be provided in the side walls 450 mm - 0.16 %

for a thickness of 300 mm = 0.1943 %

Min area of steel reqd in each direction:

(to be split up equally for both faces)
= 0.1943 x 100 x 30
100
= 5.83 cm2
Area of steel on each face for sections greater than
225 mm thick = 5.83 = 2.914 cm2 3
2
Area of steel required on water face
= 2.914 cm2
Area of steel Rod = 1.131 cm2
Provide 12 mm at 300 mm c/c
at an area of 3.77 cm2 > 2.91 cm2
Hence ok
Area of steel required on outer face
dia of ver stirrup = 10 mm
Area of steel Rod = 0.786 cm2

Provide 10 mm at 250 mm c/c

at an area of 3.14 cm2 > 2.91 cm2
Hence ok

Max spacing of shear reinforcement :-

0.75d or 300 mm whichever is less
0.75 * 241.25 or 300 mm
180.938 cm or 30 cm

Provide 10 mm 250 mm c/c (on outer face)

 16 mm dia hanger
300 bars 2 nos

12 mm dia
10 mm dia 300 mm c/c
250 mm c/c

10 mm dia
2475 @ 250 mm c/c

4 nos 25 mm dia

END BEAM
 DESIGN OF FOOTBRIDGE DECK SLAB

Clear Span : 3.000 m

Depth = 0.300 m
Clear Cover = 4.0 cm
Dia of main steel Rod = 20 mm ; No of rows of steel rods 1
dia of ver stirrup = 10 mm
Effective Depth available = 24.00 cm
Grade of Concrete = M25
Unit wt of RCC = 2.5 t/m3
Unit wt of water = 1.0 t/m3

a)Self wt slab 0.300 * 2.5 = 0.750 t/m

b)Live load= 0.500 t/m

Total = 1.250 t/m

Effective Span = 3.240 m

Max Bending Moment = W*L*L/8

= 1.250 * 3.240 * 3.240
8
= 1.64 t-m

from tables 12 &13 0f IS 456-2000

ADOPTING RCC M25 grade

C = 83.3 kg/cm2
t = 2000 kg/cm2
j = 0.902
Q = 11.045
fy = 415 N/mm2
Effective Depth available :
30.0 - 4.0 - 1 - 1 = 24.000 cm

Effective Depth Reqd = (M/Qb) = 1.64 * 10^5

11.045 * 100

= 12.1863 cm < 24.000 cm

Hence ok
Steel Required :
Ast. Required :
Dia of steel Rod = 12 mm
Area of steel Rod = 1.131 cm2
Effective Depth available = 24.000 cm
Ast. Required : = (M*10^5) / t*j*d
= 1.64 * 10^5
2000 * 0.902 * 24
= 3.788 cm 2

Min Tensile Reinforcement reqd: 0.85 * bd

fy

0.85 * 1000 * 240

415
= 491.566 mm2
= 4.916 cm2

Ast. Required : = 4.916 cm2

Provide 12 mm dia 225 mm c/c

Ast = 5.024 cm2

Dist. Steel = 0.12 x 30.00 x 100

100

= 3.6 cm2

on top & bottom = 1.8 cm2

Provide 10 mm dia 300 mm c/c

Ast = 2.617 cm2

CHECK FOR DEFLECTION:

SPAN / DEPTH < 20 (simply supported, 23.2.1 IS 456-2000)

3.240 / 0.300 = 10.8 < 20 Hence OK

DESIGN OF DECK SLAB:

Clear span = 3000 mm

Assumed bearing = 390 mm
Assumed thickness of deck slab = 300 mm

As per IRC: 21-2000, clause 304.3.1, minimum clear cover is 40 mm

Clear cover = 40 mm
Dia of main reinforcement bar (assumed ) = 20 mm

Effective depth = 300 - 40 - 10

= 250 mm

As per IRC: 21-2000, clause 305.4.2, effective span shall be least of the ( clear span + effective depth ) or
( centre to centre distance between supports )
Clear span + effective depth = 3000 + 250
= 3250 mm

Centre to centre distance betweensupports = 3000 + ( 2 x 390 / 2 )

= 3390 mm

Effective span ( lo) = 3250 mm

Width of carriageway = 4250 mm (Cl. 112.1 of IRC:5-1998)

Width of kerb = 225 mm (Cl. 112.1 of IRC:5-1998)
Thickness of kerb = 225 mm (Cl. 112.1 of IRC:5-1998)
Height of parapet wall (crash barriers) = 720 mm
Thickness of wearing coat = 75 mm

Width of deck slab = 4250 + 2 x 225 + 2 x 275

= 5250 mm

Live load = IRC Class 'A'

Grade of concrete = M 25
Grade of steel = Fe 415

As per IRC: 21-2000,clause 303.1, from tables 9, permissible flexural compressive ( σ cbc ) for
M 25 grade concrete = 8.33 N/mm2

As per IRC: 21-2000,clause 303.1, from tables 10, permissible stress ( σ st ) for
Fe 415 grade steel = 200 N/mm2

As per IRC: 21-2000, from clause 303.1 for calculating stresses in section, a modular ratio ( Es/Ec ) of 10
may be adopted
m = 10
r = σ st / σ cbc
= 200 / 8.33
= 24.01
k = m / ( m + r )
= 10 / ( 10 + 24.010 )
= 0.294
j = 1 - k / 3
= 1 - 0.294 / 3
= 0.902
Q = ( 1 / 2 ) x σ cbc x k x j
= ( 1 / 2 ) x 8.33 x 0.294 x 0.902
= 1.1046
As per IRC: 6 -2000, clause 211.3

Impact factor ( I ) = 4.5 / ( 6 + lo )

= 4.5 / ( 6 + 3.25 )
= 0.486

Dead load & dead load bending moment calculations

Dead weight of deck slab = 0.300 x 2.5 x 1

= 0.75 t/m

Dead weight of wearing coat = 0.075 x 2.4 x 1

= 0.18 t/m

Total dead load = 0.750 + 0.180

= 0.93 t/m

Bending moment due to dead load = W x lo 2 / 8

= 0.93 x 3.25 2 / 8
= 1.23 t-m

Live load & live load bending moment calculations

As per IRC: 21-2000, from clause 305.16.2, for a single concentrated load, the effetctive width may be calculated
in accordance with the following equation

bef = α x a x { 1- a / lo } + b1

bef = The effective width of slab on which load acts

lo = The effective span

b = Width of the slab

a = The distance of the centre of gravity of the concentrated load from the nearer support

b1 = The breadth of concentrated area of the load, i.e., the dimension of the tyre or track
contact area over the road surface of the slab in a direction at right angles to the span
plus twice the thickness of the wearing coat or surface finish above the structural slab

α = A constant having the following values depending upon the ratio b / lo, where b is the
width of the slab

b / lo = 5250 / 3250
= 1.615

b / lo = 2.50 → α = 3
b / lo = 2.60 → α = 3

b / lo = 1.615 → α = 3 + ( 0 / 0.10 ) x ###

= 3.000
 2.7 2.7 11.4 11.4 6.8 6.8 6.8 6.8

1.1 2.8 1.2 4.3 3 3 3

P Q R S T U V W

Class ' A ' Train

For the maximum live load bending moment, the two loads of 11.4 t should be kept such that the resultant of the load
system and the load under consideration should be equidistant from the centre of span, details as shown in figure.

11.4 R 11.4

1.325 0.3 0.3 0.6 0.725

A C D B
1.625 1.625
3.25
Dispersion width under C
Dispersion width under C ( bef ) = α x a x { 1- a / lo } + b1
= 3.000 x 1.325 x { 1 - 1.325 / 3.25 } + 0.650
= 3.004 m > 1.80 m → Dispersion widths overlaping

0.225 0.250

0.15 1.80

0.50 0.50

5.25

Combined dispersion width = 0.225 + 0.15 + 0.250 + 1.80 + 3.004 / 2

= 3.927 m

Intensity of load under C = 11.4 x 1.486 / 3.927

= 4.32 t

Dispersion width under D

Dispersion width under D ( bef ) = α x a x { 1- a / lo } + b1
= 3.000 x 0.725 x { 1 - 0.725 / 3.25 } + 0.650
= 2.340 m > 1.80 m → Dispersion widths overlaping

Combined dispersion width = 0.225 + 0.15 + 0.250 + 1.80 + 2.340 / 2

= 3.595 m

Intensity of load under D = 11.4 x 1.486 / 3.595

= 4.71 t
4.32 R 4.71

1.325 0.3 0.3 0.6 0.725

A C D B
1.625 1.625
3.25
Taking moments about B

Ra x 3.25 = 4.32 x 1.925 + 4.71 x 0.725

= 11.72

Ra = 11.72 / 3.25
= 3.61 t
Rb = 4.32 + 4.71 - 3.61
= 5.42 t

Maximum live load bending moment = Rb x 1.325

= 5.42 x 1.325
= 7.18 t-m
Total bending moment = Dead load BM + Live load BM
= 1.23 + 7.18
= 8.41 t-m
Effective depth required ( de ) = √ (M/(Qxb))
= √ ( 8.41 x 10 7 / ( 1.105 x 1000 ) )
= 275.95 mm > 250 mm
Design of main reinforcement
Area of main reinforcement required ( Ast ) = M / ( σ st x j x de )

= 8.41 x 10 7 / ( 200 x 0.902 x 250 )

= 1865.08 mm2

As per IRC: 21-2000, clause 305.19, minimum area of tension reinforcement is 0.12 % of total cross sectinal area
Minimum area of tension reinforcement = ( 0.12 / 100 ) x 1000 x 300
= 360 mm2 < 1865.08 mm2
Providing 20 mm dia of bars
Area of one reinforcing bar ( ast ) = ( π / 4 ) x 20 2
= 314.29 mm2
Spacing of main reinforcement = ( ast / Ast ) x 1000
= ( 314.29 / 1865.08 ) x 1000
= 168.51 mm
However provide 20 mm dia of bars at 230 mm c/c
Area of main steel provided = ast x 1000 / spacing
= 314.29 x 1000 / 230
= 1366.46 mm2 < 1865.08 mm2

Design of distribution reinforcement

As per IRC: 21-2000, clause 305.18.1, distribution steel is to be provided for the resisting moment equals to
0.3 times the moment due to live load plus 0.2 times the moment due to dead load, shrikage and temparature etc.
Resisting moment = 0.3 x LLM + 0.2 x DLM
= 0.30 x 7.18 + 0.20 x 1.23
= 2.40 t-m
Providing 12 mm dia of bars
Effective depth = 300 - 40 - 20 - 6
= 234 mm
Area of distribution steel required = M / ( σ st x j x de )
= 2.40 x 10 7 / ( 200 x 0.902 x 234 )
= 568.69 mm2
Minimum area of distribution reinforcement in one face = ( 0.06 / 100 ) x 1000 x 300
= 180.00 mm2 < 568.69 mm2
Hence provide minimum distribution reinforcement of 568.69 mm2
Providing 12 mm dia of bars
Area of one reinforcing bar ( ast ) = ( π / 4 ) x 12 2
= 113.14 mm2
Spacing of reinforcement = ( ast / Ast ) x 1000
= ( 113.14 / 568.69 ) x 1000
= 198.95 mm
However provide 12 mm dia of bars at 275 mm c/c
Area of distribution steel provided = ast x 1000 / spacing
= 113.14 x 1000 / 275
= 411.43 mm2 > 568.69 mm2

Top reinforcement

As per IRC: 21-2000, clause 305.10, shrinkage and temparature reinforcement of 250 mm2 is to be provided in
each direction

Shrinkage and temperature reinforcement in each direction = 250 mm2

Providing 12 mm dia of bars
Area of one reinforcing bar ( ast ) = ( π / 4 ) x 12 2
= 113.14 mm2
Spacing of shrinkage and temparature reinforcement = ( ast / Ast ) x 1000
= ( 113.14 / 250.00 ) x 1000
= 452.57 mm
However provide 12 mm dia of bars at 300 mm c/c
Provide 12 mm dia bars at 300 mm c/c at top to take care of temparature and shrinkage in either di and
Provide distribution steel of 12 mm dia bars at 300 mm c/c at top

Check for shear

As per IRC: 21-2000, clause 305.16.3, dispersion of load along the span equal to the dimension of the tyre
contact area over the wearing surface of the slab in the direction of the span plus twice the overall depth of the
slab inclusive of the thickness of the wearing surface

Longitudinal dispersion width = 250 + 2 x ( 300 + 75 )

= 1000 mm
For maximum shear, the load is kept at a distance of ' d ' from the support
d = 1000 / 2
= 500 mm
Case I:
2.7 2.7 11.4 11.4

-2.35 1.1 2.8 1.2 0.5

A C D E F B
1.625 1.625
3.25

Dispersion width under C

Dispersion width under C ( bef ) = α x a x { 1- a / lo } + b1

= 3.000 x -2.35 x { 1 - -2.35 / 3.25 } + 0.350
= -11.798 m < 1.80 m → Dispersion widths are not overlap

0.225 0.100

0.15 1.80

0.20 0.20

5.25

Combined dispersion width = 0.225 + 0.15 + 0.100 + 1.800 + -11.80 / 2

= -3.624 m

Intensity of load under C = 2.7 x 1.486 / -3.62

= -1.11 t

Dispersion width under D

Dispersion width under D ( bef ) = α x a x { 1- a / lo } + b1

= 3.000 x -1.25 x { 1 - -1.25 / 3.25 } + 0.350
= -4.842 m < 1.80 m → Dispersion widths are not overlap

Combined dispersion width = 0.225 + 0.15 + 0.10 + 1.80 + -4.842 / 2

= 4.168 m

Intensity of load under D = 2.7 x 1.486 / 4.168

= 0.96 t

Dispersion width under E

Dispersion width under E ( bef ) = α x a x { 1- a / lo } + b1
= 3.000 x 1.7 x { 1 - 1.7 / 3.25 } + 0.650
= 3.082 m > 1.80 m → Dispersion widths overlaping

0.225 0.250

0.15 1.80

0.50 0.50

5.25

Combined dispersion width = 0.225 + 0.15 + 0.250 + 1.80 + 3.082 / 2

= 3.966 m
Intensity of load under E = 11.4 x 1.486 / 3.966
= 4.27 t

Dispersion width under F

Dispersion width under F ( bef ) = α x a x { 1- a / lo } + b1

= 3.000 x 0.5 x { 1 - 0.5 / 3.25 } + 0.650
= 1.919 m > 1.80 m → Dispersion widths overlaping

Combined dispersion width = 0.225 + 0.15 + 0.250 + 1.80 + 1.919 / 2

= 3.385 m

Intensity of load under F = 11.4 x 1.486 / 3.385

= 5.01 t
 -1.11 0.96 4.27 5.01

-2.35 1.1 2.8 1.2 0.5

A C D E F B
1.625 1.625
3.25

Taking moments about B

Ra x 3.25 = 5.01 x 0.5 + 4.27 x 1.7 + 0.96 x 4.5 + -1.11 x 5.6

= 7.8979

Ra = 7.8979 / 3.25
= 2.43 t

Rb = -1.11 + 0.96 + 4.27 + 5.01 - 2.43

= 6.70 t

Case II:

11.4 11.4 6.8

0.5 1.2 4.3 -2.75

A C D E B
1.625 1.625
3.25

Dispersion width under C

Dispersion width under C ( bef ) = α x a x { 1- a / lo } + b1

= 3.000 x 0.5 x { 1 - 0.5 / 3.25 } + 0.650
= 1.919 m > 1.80 m → Dispersion widths overlaping

0.225 0.250

0.15 1.80

0.50 0.50

5.25

Combined dispersion width = 0.225 + 0.15 + 0.250 + 1.80 + 1.919 / 2

= 3.38 m

Intensity of load under C = 11.4 x 1.486 / 3.385

= 5.01 t

Dispersion width under D

Dispersion width under D ( bef ) = α x a x { 1- a / lo } + b1

= 3.000 x 1.7 x { 1 - 1.7 / 3.25 } + 0.650
= 3.082 m > 1.80 m → Dispersion widths overlaping

Combined dispersion width = 0.225 + 0.15 + 0.250 + 1.80 + 3.082 / 2

= 3.97 m

Intensity of load under D = 11.4 x 1.486 / 3.966

= 4.27 t

Dispersion width under E

Dispersion width under E ( bef ) = α x a x { 1- a / lo } + b1

= 3.000 x -2.75 x { 1 - -2.75 / 3.25 } + 0.530
= -14.701 m < 1.80 m → Dispersion widths are not overlap

0.225 0.190

0.15 1.80

0.38 0.38
5.25
Combined dispersion width = 0.225 + 0.15 + 0.190 + 1.800 + -14.70 / 2
= -4.99 m

Intensity of load under E = 6.8 x 1.486 / -4.99

= -2.03 t

5.01 4.27 -2.03

0.5 1.2 4.3 -2.75

A C D E B
1.625 1.625
3.25

Taking moments about B

Ra x 3.25 = -2.03 x -2.75 + 4.27 x 1.55 + 5.01 x 2.75

= 25.96693

Ra = 25.96693 / 3.25
= 7.99 t

Rb = 5.01 + 4.27 + -2.03 - 7.99

= -0.74 t

Shear force due to live load = 7.99 t

Shear force due to dead load = 0.93 x 3.25 / 2

= 1.51 t

Total shear force = LL shear force + DL shear force

= 7.99 + 1.51
= 9.50 t

As per IRC: 21-2000, clause 304.7.1

Design shear stress ( τ ) = V / ( b x d )

= 9.50 / ( 1 x 0.25 )
= 38.00 t / m2

Area of main steel provided = 1366.46 mm2

100 ( Ast / b d ) = 100 x 1366.46 / ( 1000 x 250 )

= 0.547

As per IRC: 21-2000, clause 304.7.1.3.1, from table 12B

100 ( Ast / b d ) = 0.50 → τc = 0.31 N / mm2

100 ( Ast / b d ) = 0.75 → τc = 0.36 N / mm2

100 ( Ast / b d ) = 0.547 → τc = 0.31 + ( 0.05 / 0.25 ) x 0.047

= 0.319 N / mm2

As per IRC: 21-2000, from clause 304.7.1.3.2 and table 12c

Perimissible shear stress in concrete = k x τc

= 1.00 x 0.3193
= 0.319 N / mm2
= 31.93 t / m2 > 38.00 t / m2

Hence safe against shear.

 D E S I G N O F PI E R

No of Vents in trough = 2 nos

Width of Vent = 3.000 mts.
Height of trough including wc = 2.075 mts.
Thickness of wc = 0.075 mts.
Thickness of Hor. Member(slab = 0.300 mts.
Thickness of Ver.(end) Member = 0.300 mts.
Depth of Ver.(end) Members = 2.475 mts.
Thickness of Ver (Middle) Mem = 0.000 mts.
Depth of Ver (Middle) Member = 0.000 mts.
Thickness of haunches = 100 mm
100 mm
Thickness of fillets = 100 mm
100 mm
Thickness of bearings & pedestal(both) = 0.00 mm
Pier Cap thickness = 300 mm
Pier Cap width 1000 mm
M F L of Drain computed = 591.031 M
Free Board of drain = 0.000 mts.
Trough Level / Drain bed level = 589.560 M
Total width of trough = 6.600 mts.
Top level of trough = 591.560 M
Height of pier above base = 2.100 mts
Canal Bed Level = 586.985 M
F.S.L. of Canal = 588.485 M
F.S.D. in Canal = 1.500 M
Velocity in Canal = 0.679 m/s
unit weight of earth = 2.100 t/m3
Unit weight of concrete = 2.400 t/m3
Unit weight of water = 1.000 t/m3
Unit weight of R.C.C = 2.500 t/m3
Top of Foundation level = 586.685 mts
Bottom of Foundation level = 586.085 mts
Exposed ht of super structure = 2.475 mts
Top level of Bed block = 589.085 mts
Existing Ground Level(CBL) = 586.985 mts
Span of the Superstructure (C/C) = 5.975 mts
Grade of Concrete = M15 Grad (pier)
Grade of Concrete = M15 Grad (foundation)
Value of fck = 15 N/sqmm
Top width of pier = 1.000 mts
Bottom width of pier = 1.000 mts
Value of PI = 3.1429
Length of pier = 2.400 mts
Eq Length of pier with cut & ease waters = 3.186 mts
Area of pier = 3.186 sqmts
Section Modulus of Pier (Zxx) B*D*D/6 = 1.691 cum
Section Modulus of Pier (Zyy) B*B*D/6 = 0.531 cum
Size of foundation :
Length(L) 5.700 mts
Width(B)= 1.800 mts
Depth(D) 0.600 mts
Footing Offset1 = 0.400 mts
Footing Offset2 = 0.400 mts
Area of Foundation L X B = 10.260 sq mts

Section Modulus of Foundation Zxx = B*L*L/6 = 9.747 cum

Section Modulus of Foundation Zyy = L*B*B/6 = 3.078 cum
 0.300 0.300
591.560

3.000
2.075
2.475
589.560
0.300 0.15
589.085 589.085
3.90
588.785

4.90 2.100

CBL + 586.985

586.685 0.400

586.085

5.70

X
0.400 4.900 0.400

0.400

Y 1.000 Y

1.800

0.400 0.500 0.500

X
5.700 M
 DESIGN OF PIER

Weight on pier :

Dead load from Trough :-

Wt of slab = 2 x 0.300 x 3.000 = 26.89 t

x 5.975 x 2.500

Wt of wc = 2 x 0.075 x 3.000 = 6.72 t

x 5.975 x 2.500

Wt of water = 2 x 2.000 x 3.000 = 71.70 t

x 5.975 x 1.000

Wt of water over mid beams 1 x 2.475 x 0.000 = 0.00 t

x 5.975 x 1.000

Wt of haunches = 0.5 x 0.100 x 0.100 = 0.29875 t

4 x 5.975 x 2.500

Wt of fillets = 0.5 x 0.100 x 0.100 = 0.29875 t

4 x 5.975 x 2.500

Self wt of end beams = 2 x 0.300 x 2.475 = 22.18 t

x 5.975 x 2.500

Self wt of midde beams = 1 x 0.000 x 0.000 = 0.00 t

x 5.975 x 2.500

Wt of pedestals= 3 x 0.800 x 0.000 = 0.00 t

x 1.200 x 2.500
0 x 0.000 x 0.000 = 0.00 t
x 0.000 x 0.000
Total weight on pier= 128.09 t

Dead load from Bed Block = 1.000 x 0.300 x 2.500

(rect.) x 6.900
= 5.175 t

(triangle) = 0.500 x 0.000 x 2.500 = 0.000 t

x 1.000

Weight of pier above pier base 3.186 x 1.000 x 2.100 = 16.056 t

x 2.400

Weight of cut and ease waters= II (0.52 ) x 2.100 x 2.400 = 3.956 t

Weight on pier
with water in trough 153.276 t

Effect of Buoyancy on pier 3.186 x 1.000 x 2.100 = 5.734 t

x 1.000
Weight of cut and ease waters= II (0.52 ) x 2.100 x 1.000 = 1.649 t
Weight on pier 145.894 t
with water in trough
Weight on pier = 153.276 - 71.70 = 81.576 t
without water in trough - 0.00
Effect of Buoyancy on pier = 7.383 t
Weight on pier = 74.194 t
without water in trough
Weight on Pier Cap

End Beam
Weight of slab including water 26.89 + 6.72 + 71.70 = 26.327 t
4

Wt of haunches = 0.29875 = 0.075 t

4

Self wt of end beams = 22.18 = 7.394 t

3
Total weight on end beam= 33.796

Middle Beam
Weight of slab including water 26.89 + 6.72 + 71.70 = 52.655 t
2

Wt of haunches = 0.299 x 2 = 0.100 t

6

Self wt of middle beams = 0.00 = 0.000 t

2
Total weight on middle beam= 105.509

Total weight on pier cap= 278.609 t

Moment due to Wind Force : (para 212.30 of IRC 6-2000 Bridge Code)
Canal Empty Condition:
Case I :
Wind force on super structure:
Exposed ht of super structure = 2.475 mts

Wind force acting @ 589.085 + 2.475 / 2

Top level of Bearing + (Exp_Ht_SupStr / 2 = 590.3225 mts

Ht above Ground Level =

590.3225 - 586.985 3.337 mts

Horizontal wind pressure for 3.3375 mts height = 59.356 kg per sqm

Wind force at 3.3375 m height = 877.7676 kg or 0.878 t

5.975 x 2.475 x 59.356

Moment at base of Pier = 3.193 t-m

( 3.337 + 0.300 ) x 0.878
Moment about top of Soil = 3.720 t-m
( 3.337 + 0.300 + 0.600 ) x 0.878

Wind force on sub structure:

Exposed ht of sub structure = 589.085 + 586.985 )/2

Wind force acting @

= 588.035 mts

Ht above Ground Level =

588.035 - 586.985 1.050 mts

Horizontal wind pressure for 1.05 mts height = 46.300 kg per sqm
Wind force at 1.05 m height = 580.9493 kg or 0.581 t
5.975 x 2.100 x 46.300

Moment at base of Pier = 0.784 t-m

( 1.050 + 0.300 ) x 0.581
Moment about top of Soil = 1.133 t-m
( 1.050 + 0.300 + 0.600 ) x 0.581
Total Moment at base of pier= 3.977 t-m
Total Moment at top of soil= 4.852 t-m

Case II :
But as per para 212.6 of IRC6-2000,the wind force should not be less than 450 kg/m i.e. acting @
3.3375 + 0.3 = 3.6375 m above base of pier.

Wind force = ( 5.975 * 450/1000 ) = 2.68875 t

Moment at base of Pier =

3.6375 x 2.68875 = 9.780 t-m
Moment about top of Soil =
4.237 x 2.68875 = 11.394 t-m
Case III :
Considering a wind force of 240 kg/sqmt as per cl 212.7 of IRC 6-2000.

Wind force : (240/1000) x Ht of SS x Span

( 2.475 x 5.975 x 240/1000 ) = 3.54915 t
Moment at base of Pier =
3.6375 x 3.54915 = 12.910 t-m
Moment about top of Soil =
4.237 x 3.54915 = 15.040 t-m
Maximum Moment at the base of Pier = 12.910 t-m
from three cases.
Maximum Moment about top of soil = 15.040 t-m
from three cases.
The effect of this force & moment is to generate equal and opposite vertical forces in piers.
Canal Full Condition:
Case I :
Exposed ht of super structure = 0.898 mts

Wind force acting @ 589.534 mts

Top level of Bearing + (Exp_Ht_SupStr / 2 )

Ht above F.S.L. of Canal =

591.560 - 588.485 = 3.075 mts (Since FSL is Above the required level)

Horizontal wind pressure for 0.898 mts height = 57.913 kg per sqm

Wind force at 3.075 m height = 310.732 kg or 0.311 t

6 x 0.898 x 57.913

Moment at base of Pier = 1.037 t-m

( 1.538 + 588.485 - 586.685 ) x 0.311
Moment about top of Soil = 1.224 t-m
( 1.538 + 588.485 - 586.085 ) x 0.311

Wind force on sub structure:

Exposed ht of sub structure = 589.085 + 588.485 )/2

Wind force acting @

= 588.785 mts
Ht above Ground Level =
588.785 - 588.485 0.300 mts

Horizontal wind pressure for 0.3 mts height = 42.526 kg per sqm

Wind force at 0.3 m height = 137.7183 kg or 0.138 t

5.975 x 0.542 x 42.526

Moment at base of Pier = 0.041 t-m

( 0.300 + 1.800 ) x 0.138
Moment about top of Soil = 0.041 t-m
( 0.300 + 1.800 + 0.600 ) x 0.138
Total Moment at base of pier= 1.078 t-m
Total Moment at top of soil= 1.265 t-m

Case II :
But as per para 212.6 of IRC6-2000,the wind force should not be less than 450 kg/m i.e. acting @
3.337 + 0.600 = 3.9375 m above base of pier.
1.5375 + 588.485 - 586.685 = 3.337 m above base of pier.

Wind force = ( 5.975 x 450/1000 ) = 2.68875 t

Moment at base of Pier = 8.974 t-m

3.3375 x 2.68875
Moment about top of Soil = 10.587 t-m
3.937 x 2.68875

Case III :
Considering a wind force of 240 kg/sqmt as per cl 212.7 of IRC 6-2000.

Wind force : (240/1000)*Ht of SS * Span 3.54915 t

( 2.475 x 5.975 x 240/1000 )
Moment at base of Pier = 11.845 t-m
3.337 x 3.54915
Moment about top of Soil = 13.975 t-m
3.937 x 3.54915
Maximum Moment at the base of Pier = 11.845 t-m
from three cases.
Maximum Moment about top of soil = 13.975 t-m
from three cases.

Moment due to water currents:

(a) In canal flow direction:

As per clause 213.2 ofIRC:6-1966 force due to water currents in the direction of canal flow is
given by: 2
p = 52 k V cos20

V = 1.414 v

k = 0.66 ( semicircular )

v = Velocity of flow in canal

= 0.679 m/s

V = 1.414 x v = 1.414 x 0.679 = 0.960 m/s

2
p = 52 x 0.66 x 0.960 x 0.9397
 = 29.729 kg/sqm

Pressure due to water currents at FSL = 29.729 kg/sqm

Pressure due to water currents at CBL = 0

Area of pier profile immersed in water=

= 1.000 x 2.100 = 2.100 sq m

Total Pressure due to water currents

= ( 29.729 + 0 )/2 x 1/1000 x 2.100 = 0.031 t

Water pressure is acting at 2h/3 from CBL

= 2/3 x 2.100 = 1.400 m

Depth of pier from CBL to the foundation top = 0.300 m

oment@+ 586.685 = 0.031 ( 1.400 + 0.300 ) = 0.053 t-m

oment@+ 586.085 = 0.031 ( 1.400 + 0.300 + 0.600 )

= 0.072 t-m

(b) In drain direction:

As per clause 213.2 ofIRC:6-1966 force due to water currents in the direction of drain flow is
given by: 2
p = 52 k V sin20

V = 1.414 v

k = 1.5 (flat surface)

v = Velocity of flow in canal

= 0.679 m/s

V = 1.414 x v = 1.414 x 0.679 = 0.960 m/s

2
p = 52 x 1.5 x 0.960 x 0.342
= 24.590 kg/sqm

Pressure due to water currents at FSL = 24.590 kg/sqm

Pressure due to water currents at CBL = 0

Area of pier profile immersed in water=

= 3.400 x 2.100 = 7.140 sq m

Total Pressure due to water currents

= ( 24.590 + 0 )/2 x 1/1000 x 7.140 = 0.088 t

Water pressure is acting at 2h/3 from CBL

= 2/3 x 2.100 = 1.400 m

Depth of pier from CBL to the foundation top = 0.300 m

oment@+ 586.685 = 0.088 ( 1.400 + 0.300 ) = 0.149 t-m

oment@+ 586.085 = 0.088 ( 1.400 + 0.300 + 0.600 )

= 0.202 t-m
 Tabulation of Loads and Moments at Base of Pier

Vertical Loads Load - T Moments t-m

& Moments Without With Longitudinal Transverse
Buoyancy Buoyancy Moment Moment
Super Structure
water Load
Pedestals 153.276 145.894 - -
pier cap,self wt of pier

Effect of Transverse - - -
eccentricity

Temp Force - - -

water current effect - 0.053 0.149

Wind force 11.845 -

Resultant With 153.276 145.894 - -
out wind effect
Resultant With 153.276 145.894 11.898 0.149
wind effect

Moment in x-x direction = 11.898 t-m

Moment in y-y direction = 0.149 t-m

Stress on Pier :-

Direct Comp Stress (Scc,cal) = 153.276 / 3.186 = 48.114 T/sqmt (Comp)

Bending Stress (Scbc,cal) = 11.898 / 1.691 = 7.034 T/sqmt (Comp)

Bending Stress (Scbc,cal) = 0.149 / 0.531 = 0.281 T/sqmt (Comp)

Max Stress(P max) = 48.114 + 7.034 + 0.281 = 55.429 T/sqmt (Comp)

< 500 t/m 2

Min Stress(P min) = 48.114 - 7.034 - 0.281 = 40.798 T/sqmt (Comp)

Check:-
Scc,cal Scbc,cal
Scc,per Scbc,per

From Table 21 ,IS 456-2000-for grade of concrete = M15 Grade

Direct Stress allowable = 400 t/sq mt

Bending Stress allowable = 500 t/sq mt

Scc,cal Scbc,cal
Scc,per Scbc,per

48.114 7.315
400 500

0.120 + 0.015 <= 1

0.135 < 1 Hence ok

Hence the section is uncracked
Alternative:
Without Considering water load in trough.
Load on pier = 74.194 t

Stress on Pier :-

Direct Comp Stress (Scc,cal) = 74.194 / 3.186 = 23.289 T/sqmt (Comp)

Bending Sterss (Scbc,cal) = 11.898 / 1.691 = 7.034 T/sqmt (Comp)

Bending Sterss (Scbc,cal) = 0.149 / 0.531 = 0.281 T/sqmt (Comp)

Max Stress(P max) = 23.289 + 7.034 + 0.281 = 30.605 T/sqmt (Comp)

Min Stress(P min) = 23.289 - 7.034 - 0.281 = 15.974 T/sqmt (Comp)

Check:-
Scc,cal Scbc,cal
Scc,per Scbc,per

From Table 21 ,IS 456-2000-for grade of concrete = M15 Grade

Direct Stress allowable = 400 t/sq mt

Bending Stress allowable = 500 t/sq mt

Scc,cal Scbc,cal
Scc,per Scbc,per

23.289 7.315
400 500

0.058 + 0.015 <= 1

0.073 <= 1 Hence ok

Check for Slenderness Ratio:-

Height of Pier :- 2.1 mts

Effective Length of Column :- 1.2 L

(Vide table 28 of IS 456-2000 )
(Service condition with Simply Supported Spans on both sides & pier
fixed at base = 1.2 L )

Effective Length of Pier = 2.520 mts

Slenderness Ratio = (Eff length) /( Least Lateral Dimension)

= 2.520 < 60
Hence it is safe against slendernes(Vide cl. 25.3.1 of IS 456-2000)

Tabulation of Loads and Moments on Top of Soil :-

Total Load on pier = 153.276 t

Weight of Footing 10.260 x 0.600 x 2.500 = 15.390 t
Weight of earth = 4.457 t
( 10.260 - 3.186 ) x 0.300 x 2.100
Weight of water
 ( 10.260 - 3.186 ) x 1.500 x 1.000 = 10.611 t
Total Weight on foundation = 183.735

Total Load on pier with buoyancy = 145.894 t

Self weight of foundation with buoyancy
10.260 x 0.600 x 1.500 = 9.23 t
Weight of earth with buoyancy
( 10.260 - 3.186 ) x 0.300 x 1.100 = 2.33 t
Total Weight on foundation = 157.46 t
with 100% buoyancy

Total Weight on foundation = 183.73 t

incl wt of foundn & wt of earth.

Total Weight on foundation = 157.46 t

incl wt of foundn & wt of earth.
with 100% buoyancy

Vertical Loads Load - T Moments t-m

& Moments Wtihout With Longitudinal Transverse
Buoyancy Buoyancy Moment Moment
Super Structure
water Load
Pedestals 183.73 157.46 - -
BedBlock
Piers
Wt of Foundation

Effect of Transverse - - -
eccentricity

Temp Force - - -

water current effect - 0.072 0.202

Wind force - 15.040 -

Resultant With 183.73 157.46 15.111 0.202
out wind effect
Resultant With 183.73 157.46 15.111 0.202
wind effect

Stress On Soil :-
Grade of Concrete :- M15 Grade

Size of foundation :
Length(L) 5.700 mts Footing Offset = 0.400 mts
Width(B)= 1.800 mts
Depth(D) 0.600 mts
Unit Wt of Concrete 2.500 T/cum
(R.C.C)
Area of Foundation L X B = 10.260 sq mts
Section modulus of Footing(Zxx 9.747 cumts
Section modulus of footing(Zyy 3.078 cumts

Direct Stress = 183.73 / 10.260 = 17.908 T/sqmt (Comp)

Bending Stress = 15.11 / 9.747 = 1.550 T/sqmt (Comp)

Bending Stress = 0.20 / 3.078 = 0.066 T/sqmt (Comp)

Max Stress(P max) = 17.908 + 1.550 + 0.066 = 19.524 T/sqmt (Comp)
< 60 t/m which can be allowed for
2

Rock
Min Stress(P min) = 17.908 - 1.550 - 0.066 = 16.292 T/sqmt (Comp)

The allowable direct and bending stresses for 20 grade of concrete

(vide table-9 of IRC:21-2000)
Direct stress calculated = 17.91 t/ m² Max in above cases
Direct stress allowable = 500.00 t/ m²
Bending stress calculated = 1.55 t/ m²
Bending stress allowable = 667.00 t/ m²

Direct stress calculated + Bending stress calculated = 0.0381 < 1

Direct stress allowable Bending stress allowable

Section is uncracked sect as per provisions of IRC 21-2000

The main sAs per IS-456, the min percentage of steel shall not be less than 0.8% of actual area
Case i) to resist the vertical loads including pier.
Total load = 183.73 t
Allowable direct stress for M 25 = 625.00 t/m^2
Area to resist the direct load = 183.73 / 625.00 = 0.2940 m²
Already Provided 50963 cm² > 2940 cm²
Hence O.K
Minimum steel = 0.8 x 2940 = 23.518 cm²
100

As per IRC - 21, 1986 the minimum steel shall not be in any case less than
Case ii) 0.3% of gross area
Minmum steel = 0.3 x 5.10 = 0.02 m²
100 = 152.9 cm²

Case ii is requiring maximum steel Area of steel as per case ii is: 152.888 cm²
No of 20 Ø bars = 152.888 / 3.143 = 48.65 say 49 Nos
provide 20 Ø 49 Nos in allround = 154.00 cm²

Case iii) Area of steel required as per cracked section = 0.000 cm²

Hence area of steel required 152.888 cm² (max. of case i & ii ) mm

Dia of bars used = 20 mm
Clear cover = 40 mm
Effective cover 40 + 20 /2 = 50.00 mm2
Area of each bar = 314.16
No.of bars required 15288.75 / 314.16 = 49 mm2
Area of steel provided 314.16 x 49 = 15393.8
No of 20dia bars provided 49 No.s

mm
 radius of centre of rei 500.0 - ( 40 + 10.0 ) = 450.0 mm
Perimetre 2 x Pxr= 2x 3.1415927 x 450.000 = 2827.4 mm
Sides of pier 2 x 7500 = 15000.0 mm
17827.4 mm

Hence Perimetre 17827.43 mm

Spacing of bars = 17827.43 / 49 = 363.83 mm
Max limited spacing (vide cl.26.5.3.1 (g) 300 mm
300.000 mm

Case iii) Hence provide spacing(for uncracked section)

( with wind load can be increased 33 %)

Resultant t 9.78 x 1.33 x 0.35 = 4.553 t/m2
value in Table 9 of pg 18 of IRC:2 3.8 t/m2 < 4.553 t/m2 Hence O.K
Transvers reinforcement :-
dia of transvrse steel (cl.306.3.2 of IRC:21-2000)
1x 20.0 5.0 mm
4
Min dia 8 mm
Max dia 16 mm
Provide 12 mm dia
Minimum pitch least of the following
(cl.306.3.3 of IRC:21-2000) mm
12 times the smallest dia of bar 12 x 20.00 = 240.0 mm
48 times the dia of transvers bar 48 x 12.00 = 576.0 mm
Least lateral dimension = 1000
300.0
Provide 12 mm dia bars @ 240.0 mm C/c OK
 DESIGN OF ABUTMENT ( SP )

Weight on Abutment:

Dead load from Trough:

Wt of Slab = 1 x 0.3 x 3 = 14.68125 t

x 6.525 x 2.5

Wt of wc = 1 x 0.075 x 3 = 3.5235 t
x 6.525 x 2.4

Wt of water = 1 x 2 x 3 = 39.15 t
x 6.525 x 1

Wt of haunches = 2 x 0.1 x 0.1 = 0.163125 t

0.5 x 6.525 x 2.5

Wt of fillets = 2 x 0.1 x 0.1 = 0.163125 t

0.5 x 6.525 x 2.5

Wt of Slab = 1 x 0.3 x 2.475 = 12.11203 t

x 6.525 x 2.5

Total weight on Abutment = 69.79303

Reaction from Super Structure :

Load on Abutment = 69.79303

Load on abutment 69.79303 / 2 = 34.89652

Load from Superstructure : 34.89652 t

Length of Abutment = = 6.6 m

Load from Superstructure

per metre run : 34.89652 = 5.29 t/m
6.6

u Rg = 0.5 x 34.89652 = 17.44826 t

Frictional Force for per metre run = 17.448 = 2.644 t

6.600

Depth of flow of drain = 1.471

 DESIGN OF ABUTMENT

DATA : 500

ABUTMENT TOP LEVEL : 589.560 W12 R 589.560

SLAB BOTTOM LEVEL : 589.185 W8
BED BLOCK BOTTOM LEVEL : 588.785 W7
+ 588.785
TOP OF FOUDATION : 587.394 W1
BOT. OF FOUNDATION : 586.944
W6
BED BLOCK THICKNESS : 0.300 m 2.166 1.391
TOP WIDTH : 0.500 m W11 W4 W3
DWARF WALL WIDTH : 0.500 m W5 W2
REAR BATTER : 0.900 m 300 900 500 900 300 587.394
FRONT BATTER : 0.900 m 0.450 A W13
BOTTOM WIDTH : 2.800 m 586.944
DEPTH OF WATER IN TROUGH : 1.471 m B
B 2800
OFFSET ON EITHER SIDE : 0.300 3400

UNIT WT. OF CONC. : 2.500 t/m2

UNIT WT. OF SOIL : 2.100 t/m2
UNIT WT. OF WATER : 1.000 t/m2

VER. COEFFT. OF SOIL : 0.0395 ( considering O value as 28o )

HOR. COEFFT. OF SOIL : 0.1584
STRESS IN CONCRETE : Taking Moments of all forces about 'A'

FORCE PARTICULARS MAG. L.A. MOMENT

TONS. MTS TON.MT.

R AS CALCULATED 5.29 1.650 8.724

W1 0.500 * 0.300 * 2.500 0.375 1.650 0.619

W2 0.500 * 0.900 * 1.391 * 2.500 1.565 2.200 3.443

W3 0.500 * 1.391 * 2.500 1.739 1.650 2.869

W4 0.500 * 1.391 * 2.500 1.739 1.150 2.000

W5 0.500 * 0.900 * 1.391 * 2.500 1.565 0.600 0.939

W6 0.500 * 0.900 * 1.391 * 2.100 1.314 0.300 0.394

W7 0.900 * 0.775 * 2.100 1.465 0.450 0.659

W8 0.500 * 0.775 * 2.500 0.969 1.150 1.114

W12 1.400 * 1.471 * 1.000 2.059 0.700 1.442

PV 0.0395 * 2.166 * 2.166 * 2.100 0.389 - -

18.466

PH 0.1584 * 2.166 * 2.166 * 2.100 1.561 0.866 1.352

P1 0.5 * 1.000 * 1.471 * 2.166 1.593 1.083 1.725

P2 0.5 * 0.500 * 1.000 * 4.692 1.173 0.722 0.847

T Resistance in Bearings 2.644 1.791 4.735

6.970 30.861

LEVER ARM = 1.671 mts.

ECCENTRICITY = 0.271 mts.
ALLOWABLE LIMI= 0.467 mts.

MAX. STRESS = 10.428 t/sq.mt.

MIN. STRESS = 2.762 t/sq.mt.
STRESS ON SOIL : Taking Moments of all forces about 'B'

FORCE PARTICULARS MAG. L.A. MOMENT

TONS. MTS TON.MT.

R AS CALCULATED 5.29 1.950 10.310

W1 0.500 * 0.300 * 2.500 0.375 1.950 0.731

W2 0.500 * 0.900 * 1.391 * 2.500 1.565 2.500 3.912

W3 0.500 * 1.391 * 2.500 1.739 1.950 3.391

W4 0.500 * 1.391 * 2.500 1.739 1.450 2.521

W5 0.500 * 0.900 * 1.391 * 2.500 1.565 0.900 1.408

W6 0.500 * 0.900 * 1.391 * 2.100 1.314 0.600 0.789

W7 1.200 * 0.775 * 2.100 1.953 0.600 1.172

W8 0.500 * 0.775 * 2.500 0.969 1.450 1.405

W11 0.300 * 1.391 * 2.100 0.876 0.150 0.131

W12 1.700 * 1.471 * 1.000 2.501 0.850 2.126

W13 3.400 * 0.450 * 2.500 3.825 1.700 6.503

PV 0.0395 * 2.616 * 2.616 * 1.600 0.433 - -

24.140 34.399

PH 0.1584 * 2.616 * 2.616 * 1.600 1.734 1.046 1.815

P1 0.5 * 1.000 * 1.471 * 2.616 1.924 1.308 2.517

P2 0.5 * 0.500 * 1.000 * 6.843 1.711 0.872 1.492

T Resitance in Bearings 2.644 2.241 5.924

8.013 46.146

LEVER ARM = 1.912 mts.

ECCENTRICITY = 0.212 mts.
ALLOWABLE LIMI= 0.567 mts.

MAX. STRESS = 9.751 t/sq.mt.

MIN. STRESS = 4.449 t/sq.mt.
DESIGN OF ABUTMENT SLRB

Braking force = 20 % of train loads on one span

= 20 ( 11.4 + 11.4 + 6.80 )

100

= 5.92 t

Braking force per m run

of abutment = 5.92
5.1

= 1.161 t

Braking force will be

acting at ht. of
= 1.2 + 0.35 + 0.075

= 1.625 m (above bearing level)

Change in vertical reaction

= 5.92 x 1.625
4.25

= 2.264 t

Dead Load from super

structure
= 21.1

= 21.1 t

Live load
= 22.8 t

Total Load on abutment

= DL + LL
+ change in vertical reaction

= 21.1 + 22.8 + 2.264

= 46.164 t
Reaction on abutment per m run
= 46.164 / 5.1

= 9.052 t

Frictinal force
= U Rg

= 0.5 x 21.1

= 10.55 t

Frictinal force per m run of abutment

= 10.55 / 5.1

= 2.069 t
 DESIGN OF ABUTMENT (SLRB)

DATA : LL SCHG 1.2 M P 593.571

Metres
ROAD CREST LEVEL : 593.571 593.196
GROUND LEVEL 589.560 W5
BOTTOM OF SLAB : 593.196 4.011
TOP OF FOUDATION : 588.960 W8 W4
BOT. OF FOUNDATION : 588.360 589.560 589.560
TOP WIDTH : 1.000 4.611
REAR SIDE BATTER : 2.000 W6
FRONT SIDE BATTER : 0.600 W7
OFFSET ON REAR SIDE : 0.300 W2 W1
OFFSET ON FRONT SIDE : 0.300 0.600 W3
UNIT WT. OF CONC. : 2.400 2.00 0.5 0.5 0.6 588.960
UNIT WT. OF SOIL : 2.100 0.600 A W9
UNIT WT. OF RCC : 2.500 588.360
HOR. COEFFT. OF SOIL : 0.1584 B
VER. COEFFT. OF SOIL : 0.0395
PASSIVE PRESSURE COEFF 2.774 4.20
(FOR 28 DEG.)
FRICTIONAL FORCE 2.069
BRAKING FORCE 1.161
LL SCHG 1.200
THICKNESS OF SLAB(INCL. WC) 0.375

STRESS IN CONCRETE : MOMENTS ABOUT 'A'

FORCE PARTICULARS MAG. L.A. MOMENT

TONS. MTS TON.MT.

P AS CALCULATED 9.052 2.750 24.892

W1 4.236 x 0.500 x x 2.400 5.083 2.750 13.979

W2 0.500 x 4.611 x x 2.400 5.533 2.250 12.450

W3 0.500 x 0.600 x 0.600 x 2.400 0.432 3.200 1.382

W4 0.500 x 2.000 x 4.611 x 2.400 11.066 1.333 14.755

W5 0.500 x 2.000 x 4.611 x 2.100 9.683 0.667 6.455

W6 0.500 x 0.600 x 0.600 x 2.100 0.378 3.400 1.285

PV 0.0395 x( 21.261 - 1.440 )x 2.100 1.644

∑V = 42.872

PH 0.1584 x( 21.261 - 1.440 )x 2.100 6.593 1.844 12.161

BF BRAKING FORCE AS CALCULATED 1.161 5.811 6.745

FF FRICTIONAL FORCE AS CALCULATED 2.069 4.236 8.763

PP(-) 2.774 x 0.600 x 0.600 x 2.100 1.049 0.200 0.210

2
(limited to PH) ∑M = 102.658

LEVER ARM = 2.395 mts.

ECCENTRICITY = 0.595 mts.
ALLOWABLE LIMIT = 0.600 mts.

MAX. STRESS = 23.709 t/sq.mt.

MIN, STRESS = 0.108 t/sq.mt.
STRESS ON SOIL : MOMENTS ABOUT 'B'

FORCE PARTICULARS MAG. L.A. MOMENT

TONS. MTS TON.MT.

P AS CALCULATED 9.052 3.050 27.608

W1 4.236 x 0.500 x x 2.400 5.083 3.050 15.504

W2 0.500 x 4.611 x x 2.400 5.533 2.550 14.110

W3 0.500 x 0.600 x 0.600 x 2.400 0.432 3.500 1.512

W4 0.500 x 2.000 x 4.611 x 2.400 11.066 1.633 18.075

W5 0.500 x 2.000 x 4.611 x 2.100 9.683 0.967 9.360

W6 0.500 x 0.600 x 0.600 x 2.100 0.378 3.700 1.399

W7 0.300 x 0.600 x x 2.100 0.378 4.050 1.531

W8 0.300 x 4.611 x x 2.100 2.905 0.150 0.436

W9 0.600 x 4.200 x x 2.400 6.048 2.100 12.701

PV 0.0395 x( 27.155 - 1.440 )x 2.100 2.133

∑V = 52.692

PH 0.1584 x( 27.155 - 1.440 )x 2.100 8.554 2.084 17.829

BF BRAKING FORCE AS CALCULATED 1.161 6.411 7.442

FF FRICTIONAL FORCE AS CALCULATED 2.069 4.836 10.004

PP(-) 2.774 x 1.200 x 1.200 x 2.100 4.194 0.400 1.678

2
(limited to ph) ∑M = 135.832

LEVER ARM = 2.578 mts.

ECCENTRICITY = 0.478 mts.
ALLOWABLE LIMIT = 0.700 mts.

MAX. STRESS = 21.110 t/sq.mt.

MIN, STRESS = 3.981 t/sq.mt.
DESIGN OF ABUTMENT FOOT BRIDGE

Dead Load from super

structure

Wt. of slab= 0.5 x 9.20 x 1.9 x 0.45 x 2.5 = 9.8325 t

Wt. of railing = 0.5 x 0.2 x 9.20 x 0.6 x 2.5

1.38
= 11.213 t

Live load = 0.500 x 9.2 x 1.9 = 8.740 t

Total Load on abutment

= DL + LL

= 11.21 + 8.74
2

= 9.98 t

Reaction on abutment per m run

= 9.97625 / 1.9

= 5.25 t
 DESIGN OF ABUTMENT (FOOT BRIDGE)

DATA : P 591.715
Metres
ROAD CREST LEVEL : 591.715 591.340
GROUND LEVEL 589.560 W5
BOTTOM OF SLAB : 591.340 2.155
TOP OF FOUDATION : 588.960 W8 W4
BOT. OF FOUNDATION : 588.360 589.560 589.560
TOP WIDTH : 1.000
REAR SIDE BATTER : 1.200 2.755 W6
FRONT SIDE BATTER : 0.000 W7
OFFSET ON REAR SIDE : 0.300 W2 W1
OFFSET ON FRONT SIDE : 0.300 0.600 W3
UNIT WT. OF CONC. : 2.400 1.2 0.5 0.5 0.0 588.960
UNIT WT. OF SOIL : 2.100 0.600 A W9
UNIT WT. OF RCC : 2.500 588.360
HOR. COEFFT. OF SOIL : 0.1584 B
VER. COEFFT. OF SOIL : 0.0395
PASSIVE PRESSURE COEFF 2.774 2.80
(FOR 28 DEG.)
FRICTIONAL FORCE 0.000
BRAKING FORCE 0.000
LL SCHG 0.000
THICKNESS OF SLAB(INCL. WC) 0.375

STRESS IN CONCRETE : MOMENTS ABOUT 'A'

FORCE PARTICULARS MAG. L.A. MOMENT

TONS. MTS TON.MT.

P AS CALCULATED 5.251 1.950 10.239

W1 2.380 x 0.500 x x 2.400 2.856 1.950 5.569

W2 0.500 x 2.755 x x 2.400 3.306 1.450 4.794

W3 0.500 x 0.000 x 0.600 x 2.400 0.000 2.200 0.000

W4 0.500 x 1.200 x 2.755 x 2.400 3.967 0.800 3.174

W5 0.500 x 1.200 x 2.755 x 2.100 3.471 0.400 1.389

W6 0.500 x 0.000 x 0.600 x 2.100 0.000 2.200 0.000

PV 0.0395 x( 7.590 - 0.000 )x 2.100 0.630

∑V = 19.481

PH 0.1584 x( 7.590 - 0.000 )x 2.100 2.525 1.102 2.782

BF BRAKING FORCE AS CALCULATED 0.000 3.955 0.000

FF FRICTIONAL FORCE AS CALCULATED 0.000 2.380 0.000

PP(-) 2.774 x 0.600 x 0.600 x 2.100 1.049 0.200 0.210

2
(limited to ph) ∑M = 27.737

LEVER ARM = 1.424 mts.

ECCENTRICITY = 0.324 mts.
ALLOWABLE LIMIT = 0.367 mts.

MAX. STRESS = 16.674 t/sq.mt.

MIN, STRESS = 1.035 t/sq.mt.
STRESS ON SOIL : MOMENTS ABOUT 'B'

FORCE PARTICULARS MAG. L.A. MOMENT

TONS. MTS TON.MT.

P AS CALCULATED 5.251 2.250 11.814

W1 2.380 x 0.500 x x 2.400 2.856 2.250 6.426

W2 0.500 x 2.755 x x 2.400 3.306 1.750 5.785

W3 0.500 x 0.000 x 0.600 x 2.400 0.000 2.500 0.000

W4 0.500 x 1.200 x 2.755 x 2.400 3.967 1.100 4.364

W5 0.500 x 1.200 x 2.755 x 2.100 3.471 0.700 2.430

W6 0.500 x 0.000 x 0.600 x 2.100 0.000 2.500 0.000

W7 0.300 x 0.600 x x 2.100 0.378 2.650 1.002

W8 0.300 x 2.755 x x 2.100 1.736 0.150 0.260

W9 0.600 x 2.800 x x 2.400 4.032 1.400 5.645

PV 0.0395 x( 11.256 - 0.000 )x 2.100 0.934

∑V = 25.930

PH 0.1584 x( 11.256 - 0.000 )x 2.100 3.744 1.342 5.025

BF BRAKING FORCE AS CALCULATED 0.000 0.000 0.000

FF FRICTIONAL FORCE AS CALCULATED 0.000 0.000 0.000

PP(-) 2.774 x 1.200 x 1.200 x 2.100 3.744 0.400 1.498

2
(limited to ph) ∑M = 41.253

LEVER ARM = 1.591 mts.

ECCENTRICITY = 0.191 mts.
ALLOWABLE LIMIT = 0.467 mts.

MAX. STRESS = 13.050 t/sq.mt.

MIN, STRESS = 5.47 t/sq.mt.
 DESIGN OF U/S WING & RETURN WALL

DATA :

WING WALL TOP LEVEL : 591.631

TOP OF FOUDATION : 587.394

BOT. OF FOUNDATION : 586.794 591.631

TOP WIDTH : 0.500

BOTOM WIDTH : 2.300 W3
OFFSET ON EITHER SIDE : 0.300 4.237
W4 W1
W2
UNIT WT. OF CONC. : 2.400 300 1800 500 300 587.394
UNIT WT. OF SOIL : 2.100 0.600 A W5
A 586.794
HOR. COEFFT. OF SOIL : 0.1584
B
VER. COEFFT. OF SOIL : 0.0395 B
( considering O value as 28o ) A 2900

STRESS IN CONCRETE : Taking Moments of all forces about 'A'

FORCE PARTICULARS MAG. L.A. MOMENT

TONS. MTS TON.MT.

W1 4.237 * 0.500 * 2.400 5.084 2.050 10.423

W2 0.500 * 4.237 * 1.800 * 2.400 9.152 1.200 10.982

W3 0.500 * 4.237 * 1.800 * 2.100 8.008 0.600 4.805

PV 0.0395 * 4.237 * 4.237 * 2.100 1.489 - -

23.733

PH 0.1584 * 4.237 * 4.237 * 2.100 5.972 1.695 10.1

5.972 36.33

LEVER ARM = 1.531 mts.

ECCENTRICITY = 0.381 mts.
ALLOWABLE LIMIT = 0.383 mts.

MAX. STRESS = 20.569 t/sq.mt.

MIN, STRESS = 0.069 t/sq.mt.
STRESS ON SOIL : Taking Moments of all forces about 'B'

FORCE PARTICULARS MAG. L.A. MOMENT

TONS. MTS TON.MT.

W1 4.237 * 0.500 * 2.400 5.084 2.350 11.948

W2 0.500 * 4.237 * 1.800 * 2.400 9.152 1.500 13.728

W3 0.500 * 4.237 * 1.800 * 2.100 8.008 0.900 7.207

W4 0.300 * 4.237 * 2.100 2.669 0.150 0.400

W5 0.600 * 2.900 * 2.400 4.176 1.450 6.055

PV 0.0395 * 4.837 * 4.837 * 2.100 1.941 0.000 0.000

31.030

PH 0.1584 * 4.837 * 4.837 * 2.100 7.783 1.935 15.058

7.783 54.397

LEVER ARM = 1.753 mts.

ECCENTRICITY = 0.303 mts.
ALLOWABLE LIMIT = 0.483 mts.

MAX. STRESS = 17.408 t/sq.mt.

MIN. STRESS = 3.992 t/sq.mt.

OVER TURNING MOMENTS : 15.058 T-M

= 15.058 T-M

CHECK FOR OVERTURNING : 39.339

15.058

= 2.613 > 2.000

CHECK FOR SLIDING : 0.400 * 31.030

7.783

= 1.595 > 1.500

 DESIGN OF U/S WING & RETURN WALL

DATA :

WING WALL TOP LEVEL : 593.496

TOP OF FOUDATION : 587.394

BOT. OF FOUNDATION : 586.794 593.496

TOP WIDTH : 0.500

BOTOM WIDTH : 2.800 W3
OFFSET ON EITHER SIDE : 0.300 6.102
W4 W1
W2
UNIT WT. OF CONC. : 2.400 300 2300 500 300 587.394
UNIT WT. OF SOIL : 2.100 0.600 A W5
A 586.794
HOR. COEFFT. OF SOIL : 0.1584
B
VER. COEFFT. OF SOIL : 0.0395 B
( considering O value as 28o ) A 3400

STRESS IN CONCRETE : Taking Moments of all forces about 'A'

FORCE PARTICULARS MAG. L.A. MOMENT

TONS. MTS TON.MT.

W1 6.102 * 0.500 * 2.400 7.322 2.550 18.672

W2 0.500 * 6.102 * 2.300 * 2.400 16.841 1.533 25.824

W3 0.500 * 6.102 * 2.300 * 2.100 14.736 0.767 11.298

PV 0.0395 * 6.102 * 6.102 * 2.100 3.089 - -

41.989

PH 0.1584 * 6.102 * 6.102 * 2.100 12.386 2.441 30.2

12.386 86.02

LEVER ARM = 2.049 mts.

ECCENTRICITY = 0.649 mts.
ALLOWABLE LIMIT = 0.467 mts.

MAX. STRESS = 35.843 t/sq.mt.

MIN, STRESS = -5.851 t/sq.mt.
STRESS ON SOIL : Taking Moments of all forces about 'B'

FORCE PARTICULARS MAG. L.A. MOMENT

TONS. MTS TON.MT.

W1 6.102 * 0.500 * 2.400 7.322 2.850 20.869

W2 0.500 * 6.102 * 2.300 * 2.400 16.841 1.833 30.876

W3 0.500 * 6.102 * 2.300 * 2.100 14.736 1.067 15.719

W4 0.300 * 6.102 * 2.100 3.844 0.150 0.577

W5 0.600 * 3.400 * 2.400 4.896 1.700 8.323

PV 0.0395 * 6.702 * 6.702 * 2.100 3.726 0.000 0.000

51.366

PH 0.1584 * 6.702 * 6.702 * 2.100 14.941 2.681 40.054

14.941 116.417

LEVER ARM = 2.266 mts.

ECCENTRICITY = 0.566 mts.
ALLOWABLE LIMIT = 0.567 mts.

MAX. STRESS = 30.209 t/sq.mt.

MIN. STRESS = 0.007 t/sq.mt.

OVER TURNING MOMENTS : 40.054 T-M

= 40.054 T-M

CHECK FOR OVERTURNING : 76.363

40.054

= 1.907 > 2.000

CHECK FOR SLIDING : 0.400 * 51.366

14.941

= 1.375 > 1.500

 DESIGN OF D/S WING WALL

DATA :

WING WALL TOP LEVEL : 591.640

TOP OF FOUDATION : 587.394

BOT. OF FOUNDATION : 586.794 591.640

TOP WIDTH : 0.500

BOTOM WIDTH : 1.800 W3
OFFSET ON EITHER SIDE : 0.300 4.246
W4 W1
W2
UNIT WT. OF CONC. : 2.400 300 1300 500 300 587.394
UNIT WT. OF SOIL : 2.100 0.600 A W5
A 586.794
HOR. COEFFT. OF SOIL : 0.1584
B
VER. COEFFT. OF SOIL : 0.0395 B
( considering O value as 28 o ) A 2400

STRESS IN CONCRETE : Taking Moments of all forces about 'A'

FORCE PARTICULARS MAG. L.A. MOMENT

TONS. MTS TON.MT.

W1 4.246 * 0.500 * 2.400 5.095 1.550 7.898

W2 0.500 * 4.246 * 1.300 * 2.400 6.624 0.867 5.741

W3 0.500 * 4.246 * 1.300 * 2.100 5.796 0.433 2.512

PV 0.0395 * 4.246 * 4.246 * 2.100 1.495 - -

19.010

PH 0.1584 * 4.246 * 4.246 * 2.100 5.997 1.698 10.185

5.997 26.335

LEVER ARM = 1.385 mts.

ECCENTRICITY = 0.485 mts.
ALLOWABLE LIMIT = 0.300 mts.

MAX. STRESS = 27.646 t/sq.mt.

MIN, STRESS = -6.523 t/sq.mt.
STRESS ON SOIL : Taking Moments of all forces about 'B'

FORCE PARTICULARS MAG. L.A. MOMENT

TONS. MTS TON.MT.

W1 4.246 * 0.500 * 2.400 5.095 1.850 9.426

W2 0.500 * 4.246 * 1.300 * 2.400 6.624 1.167 7.728

W3 0.500 * 4.246 * 1.300 * 2.100 5.796 0.733 4.250

W4 0.300 * 4.246 * 2.100 2.675 0.150 0.401

W5 0.600 * 2.400 * 2.400 3.456 1.200 4.147

PV 0.0395 * 4.846 * 4.846 * 2.100 1.948 0.000 0.000

25.594

PH 0.1584 * 4.846 * 4.846 * 2.100 7.812 1.938 15.142

7.812 41.094

LEVER ARM = 1.606 mts.

ECCENTRICITY = 0.406 mts.
ALLOWABLE LIMIT = 0.400 mts.

MAX. STRESS = 21.479 t/sq.mt.

MIN. STRESS = -0.151 t/sq.mt.

OVER TURNING MOMENTS : 15.142 T-M

= 15.142 T-M

CHECK FOR OVERTURNING : 25.952

15.142

= 1.714 > 2.000

CHECK FOR SLIDING : 0.400 * 25.594

7.812

= 1.311 > 1.500

 DESIGN OF D/S WING & RETURN WALL

DATA :

WING WALL TOP LEVEL : 591.640

TOP OF FOUDATION : 587.394

BOT. OF FOUNDATION : 586.794 591.640

TOP WIDTH : 0.500

BOTOM WIDTH : 1.800 W3
OFFSET ON EITHER SIDE : 0.300 4.246
W4 W1
W2
UNIT WT. OF CONC. : 2.400 300 1300 500 300 587.394
UNIT WT. OF SOIL : 2.100 0.600 A W5
A 586.794
HOR. COEFFT. OF SOIL : 0.1584
B
VER. COEFFT. OF SOIL : 0.0395 B
( considering O value as 28o ) A 2400

STRESS IN CONCRETE : Taking Moments of all forces about 'A'

FORCE PARTICULARS MAG. L.A. MOMENT

TONS. MTS TON.MT.

W1 4.246 * 0.500 * 2.400 5.095 1.550 7.898

W2 0.500 * 4.246 * 1.300 * 2.400 6.624 0.867 5.741

W3 0.500 * 4.246 * 1.300 * 2.100 5.796 0.433 2.512

PV 0.0395 * 4.246 * 4.246 * 2.100 1.495 - -

19.010

PH 0.1584 * 4.246 * 4.246 * 2.100 5.997 1.698 10.185

5.997 26.335

LEVER ARM = 1.385 mts.

ECCENTRICITY = 0.485 mts.
ALLOWABLE LIMIT = 0.300 mts.

MAX. STRESS = 27.646 t/sq.mt.

MIN, STRESS = -6.523 t/sq.mt.
STRESS ON SOIL : Taking Moments of all forces about 'B'

FORCE PARTICULARS MAG. L.A. MOMENT

TONS. MTS TON.MT.

W1 4.246 * 0.500 * 2.400 5.095 1.850 9.426

W2 0.500 * 4.246 * 1.300 * 2.400 6.624 1.167 7.728

W3 0.500 * 4.246 * 1.300 * 2.100 5.796 0.733 4.250

W4 0.300 * 4.246 * 2.100 2.675 0.150 0.401

W5 0.600 * 2.400 * 2.400 3.456 1.200 4.147

PV 0.0395 * 4.846 * 4.846 * 2.100 1.948 0.000 0.000

25.594

PH 0.1584 * 4.846 * 4.846 * 2.100 7.812 1.938 15.142

7.812 41.094

LEVER ARM = 1.606 mts.

ECCENTRICITY = 0.406 mts.
ALLOWABLE LIMIT = 0.400 mts.

MAX. STRESS = 21.479 t/sq.mt.

MIN. STRESS = -0.151 t/sq.mt.

OVER TURNING MOMENTS : 15.142 T-M

= 15.142 T-M

CHECK FOR OVERTURNING : 25.952

15.142

= 1.714 > 2.000

CHECK FOR SLIDING : 0.400 * 25.594

7.812

= 1.311 > 1.500

 DESIGN OF ABUTMENT CAP & PIER CAP

ABUTMENT CAP UNDER TROUGH:

Area of steel reqd. in longitudinal & transverse direction(top and bottom together)

= 1 x 100 x 30
100
= 30 cm2
Steel in longitudinal direction:- assumed as 20 cm2 both at top & bottom.
provide 16 mm dia. Bars.

No. of bars = 20
2.01
= 9.952 say 10 nos.

Hence provide 16 mm dia. Bars 5nos. At top and 5 nos. at bottom.

Steel in Tranverse direction

steel required per 'mt' length at top and bottom(balance steel = 30 - (10x2.01) = 9.9 cm 2

Spacing of 10 dia. 2 legged stirrups

= 0.79 x2x 100

9.9
= 15.859 cm

Provide 10 dia. 2 legged stirrups at 150 c/c in the direction of drain flow.

1000

300 10 dia. 2 legged stirrups

at 150c/c

16 dia. 10 nos. 5 at top at 5 at bottom

PIER CAP UNDER TROUGH & ABUTMENT CAP UNDER SLRB, FOOT BRIDGE:

Area of steel reqd. in longitudinal & transverse direction(top and bottom together)

= 1 x 100 x 30
100
= 30 cm2
Steel in longitudinal direction:- assumed as 20 cm2 both at top & bottom.
provide 16 mm dia. Bars.

No. of bars = 20
2.01
= 9.952 say 10 nos.

Hence provide 16 mm dia. Bars 5nos. At top and 5 nos. at bottom.

Steel in Tranverse direction

steel required per 'mt' length at top and bottom(balance steel = 30 - (10x2.01) = 9.9 cm 2

Spacing of 10 dia. 2 legged stirrups

= 0.79 x2x 100

9.9
= 15.859 cm

Provide 10 dia. 2 legged stirrups at 150 c/c in the direction of drain flow.

100

30 10 dia. 2 legged stirrups

at 150c/c

16 dia. 10 nos. 5 at top and 5 at bottom

 S S S S S S S S S S S

STRESSES IN T/SQ.M
S.No. PARTICULARS IN CONCRETE ON SOIL
MAX. MIN. MAX. MIN.

1 PIER 55.43 40.80 19.52 16.29

2 U/S AND D/S ABUTMENT UNDER TROUGH 10.43 2.76 9.75 4.45

3 ABUTMENT UNDER INSPECTION PATH 23.71 0.11 21.11 3.98

4 ABUTMENT UNDER FOOT BRIDGE 16.67 1.04 13.05 5.47

5 U/S WING & RETURN 35.84 -5.85 30.21 0.01

6 D/S WING 27.65 -6.52 21.48 -0.15

7 D/S WING & RETURN 27.65 -6.52 21.48 -0.15