Ijret20150403006 PDF
Ijret20150403006 PDF
Ijret20150403006 PDF
Merchant Samir Y1
1
Lecturer, Fabrication Technology Department, Sir B.P. Institute, Bhavnagar, Gujarat, India
Abstract
The effect of welding current on welding speed and hardness of heat effected zone and weld metal of mild steel material is
investigated in this paper. Mild steel weldment was welded under varying welding current i.e. 80, 85, 90, 95 & 100 ampere by
using MMAW process in 1G position. The edge preparation, electrode diameter and electrode type, CCV, welding technique,
polarity and welder remained constant during the test. The test specimen was then grinded and hardness of each specimen was
measured at three point i.e. parent metal, HAZ and weld metal by using Brinell hardness tester. It was observed that with increase
in welding current melting rate of electrode was increased hence welding time was reduced. So welding speed was increased.
With increase in welding current hardness of HAZ and weld metal was also decreased due to increase in heat input. With increase
in welding speed heat input decreased and hardness of the joint increased.
Keywords - MMAW, welding current, welding speed, Hardness, Parent metal, HAZ, weld metal, cooling rate
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Volume: 04 Issue: 03 | Mar-2015, Available @ http://www.ijret.org 46
IJRET: International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology eISSN: 2319-1163 | pISSN: 2321-7308
200
Hardness (BHN)
150
100
50
0
1 2 3 4 5
Spe cim e n No.
We ld Me tal BHN
Fig-6 Hardness Tester
HAZ BHN
Table–4 Technical specification of hardness testing Bas e Me tal BHN
machine
Model Brinell - 150 Fig.-7 Variation in hardness with welding current
Type Table / Bench Mounted
Max. Test Height 250 mm 4.2 Effect of Welding Current on Zone Wise
Throat depth 150 mm
Hardness of Weld Joint
4. RESULT & DISCUSSION Carbon percentage of filler wire was less than the base
metal. But during experiment it was observed that the
The hardness of weld metal at weld center line, HAZ at the
hardness of weld metal was higher than base metal in all
fusion boundary and base metal at 50 mm distance from
specimens. That was because very rapid heating and cooling
weld center line was measured for each specimen and noted
of weldmetal and high solidification rate. It was also
down in Table – 5. Time required for welding each
observed that the hardness of HAZ was higher than the weld
specimen was recorded also.
metal and base metal. That was because martensite or
bainite formation in steel between 800 °C to 500 °C for long
Table – 5: Observation table
duration. The variation of hardness in all three region is
speci welding Weld Base shown in fig.-8.
men current time Hnet Metal HAZ Metal
no Amp voltage sec. J/mm. BHN BHN BHN
200
1 80 30 65 1336 180 183 131
180
2 85 30 63 1367 170 175 131 160
Hardness (BHN)
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Volume: 04 Issue: 03 | Mar-2015, Available @ http://www.ijret.org 47
IJRET: International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology eISSN: 2319-1163 | pISSN: 2321-7308
4.3 Effect of Welding Current on Welding Time [3] “Welding engineering and technology”, By Dr.
R.S.Parmar, Khanna Publishers, Fifth reprint, 2007.
With increase in welding current heat genearion was [4] “A textbook of welding technology”, by Dr.
increased so meltinng rate of electrode was also increased. O.P.khanna, Dhanpat Rai Publications (P) Ltd., 20th
Hence welding time was decreased from 65 sec to 56 sec. reprint, 2011.
The variation weldinng time with increase in welding [5] “Welding : Technology & Design” by
current is shown in fig-9. V.M.Radhakrishnan, New Age International
publishers, second edition : 2005, Reprint : 2010.
[6] “Welding Metallurgy”, Sindo Kou, Wiley
Welding Time Interscience : A John Wiley & Sons, Inc.,
Publication, second edition, 2003.
[7] Bhaskar Vishvakarma, Manish verma & Tribhuvan
70 Kishor Mishra, “Investigation of welding parameter
Time (sec)
REFERENCES
[1] “Modern arc welding Technology” by S.V.Nadkarni,
Advani Orlikon publicashion, edition 1988 reprint
1996
[2] “Welding technology for engineers”, editors : Baldev
raj, V Shankar & A. K. Bhaduri, Narosa Publishing
House, third reprint – 2009.
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Volume: 04 Issue: 03 | Mar-2015, Available @ http://www.ijret.org 48