The Human Person in The Society

The Human Person
in the Society
] Societies are formed of our social
groupings at varied levels, from
small towns, through countries, to
broader cultural groupings such as a
Western society.
The Formation
of a Society ]
Within such societies, people tend to
form particular cultures, formed of
the ideas, customs, and social
behaviours that make one society
] distinct from another.

Plato’s Republic
.
written by Plato around 380 BC
 The Republic is a Socratic dialogue,

concerning justice, the order and character
of the just city-state, and the just man.
 Plato's best-known work, and has proven to

be one of the world's most influential works
of philosophy and political theory, both
intellectually and historically.
Aristotle’s Politics
“man is by nature, an animal fit for a state”
 Distinction in nature that prepares the way for

the creation of the state.
Incapable of Existing Without Each Other:

 Male and Female
 That which naturally rules and
that which is ruled
 Master and Slave
 The first association that is like a state is the

household. Several households then turn to a
village for the satisfaction of more than a
household's daily needs. Association from several
villages is the state.
“Every household is
under the kingly rule of
the most senior member"
“The person as a being is
a being for others"
Hobbes’ Leviathan
“the misery of natural condition of mankind”
 Expresses why it is necessary to form a society

where power is to be had to obtain peace.
“you have the capacity

that is equal to another”
 Man is described as an enemy to every man and

does not necessarily mean they engage in a
physical war, but their quarrels are the effects of
the quality in attaining ends.
 Without the power of the government, justice or

injustice and right or wrong will not exist as well.
Two Treatises of Civil Government
“The State of Nature and the State of War”
 Understanding a political power or a government

should begin with the analysis of the subject of
any state— men as what are they naturally are.
 All men are in state of perfect freedom to order

their actions and dispose of their possessions and
their persons as they think fit, within the bounds
of the Law of Nature, without asking leave or
depending upon the will of any other man.
The Social Contract Discourses
“man does not know virtue”
 Has different perspective about human beings.
 The true nature of man in a state of nature is that

man can support himself.
“Having no moral relations and determinate
obligations one with another, could not be
either good or bad, virtuous or vicious; unless
we take these terms in a physical sense, and
call, in an individual, those qualities vices
which maybe injurious to his preservation and
those virtuous which contribute to it; in which
case he would have to be accounted most
virtuous, who put least check on the pure
impulses of nature"
“Man is possessed of a natural virtue, which
could be denied him by the most violent
detractor of human nature"
The Social Contract Discourses
“man does not know virtue”
 Has different perspective about human beings.
 The true nature of man in a state of nature is that

man can support himself.
Marx and Engels
“begin their account of the nature of man with some premises -
empirical or real.”
 Living human individuals exist

 Man is distinct from animals because of
consciousness and his capacity to
"produce" his means of subsistence.
Hobbes’ Leviathan
“natural work for peace”
"man is in a condition of war of everyone against

everyone; in which case, everyone is governed by
his own reason: and there is nothing he can make
use of, that may be held unto him, in preserving
his life, against enemies; in followeth, that in such
condition, everyman ought to endeavor peace, as
far as he has hope of obtaining it; and when he
cannot obtain it, that he may seek, and use, all
helps, and advantages of war"
Hobbes’ Leviathan
“natural work for peace”
A man:
 willing
 peace and defense
 right
 contentment in liberty
 mutual transferring of rights or "contract"
Locke and Political Power
 Human nature allowed people to be selfish
 Man has its freedom
 Men are judgers and executioners
 Locke is in favor of democracy
 He defines political power as the right in making

laws
Locke and Political Power
 Consent
 Submit to the act of majority
 Obey the promulgated laws
 Enjoy the property or the security the group

offers
Rousseau’s Social Contract
"indivisible part of the whole"
 Man is born free; and everywhere he is in chains.

One thinks himself the master of others, and still
remains a greater slave than they
 Man is simple and solitary but there may come a

time where he may encounter challenge and
problems that he cannot overcome on his own
 Man will find association that will be able to

defend and protect him from obstacles
 instead of being a stupid and an imaginative

animal, he becomes an intelligent being.
Rousseau’s Social Contract
"indivisible part of the whole"
According to Rousseau, “each of us puts his

person and all his power under the supreme
direction of the general will and in our corporate
capacity, we receive each member as an indivisible
part of the whole. This act of association creates a
corporate and collective body, receives its common
identity, its life and its will – takes the name of
Republic or body politic”

The Human Person in The Society

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

The Human Person in The Society

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

The Human Person in The Society

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

The Human Person

] distinct from another.

 The Republic is a Socratic dialogue,

 Plato's best-known work, and has proven to

 Distinction in nature that prepares the way for

Incapable of Existing Without Each Other:

 The first association that is like a state is the

 Expresses why it is necessary to form a society

“you have the capacity

 Man is described as an enemy to every man and

 Without the power of the government, justice or

 Understanding a political power or a government

 All men are in state of perfect freedom to order

 Has different perspective about human beings.

 The true nature of man in a state of nature is that

 Has different perspective about human beings.

 The true nature of man in a state of nature is that

 Living human individuals exist

"man is in a condition of war of everyone against

 Human nature allowed people to be selfish

 Man has its freedom

 Men are judgers and executioners

 Locke is in favor of democracy

 He defines political power as the right in making

 Submit to the act of majority

 Obey the promulgated laws

 Enjoy the property or the security the group

 Man is born free; and everywhere he is in chains.

 Man is simple and solitary but there may come a

 Man will find association that will be able to

 instead of being a stupid and an imaginative

According to Rousseau, “each of us puts his

You might also like