Concepts of Political Science
Concepts of Political Science
Concepts of Political Science
Science
Nation
Tribe of persons
Patriarchal family
Household
Matriarchal Theory
• Matriarchal Theory states that instead of the family and
permanent marriage union, the primeval society,
consisted of matriarchal groups or “packs”. Man depends
on nature, on the fruits of forest and on the animals
killed by the pack or totem-group of men, women and
children living together.
• In primitive society, marriage and family were unknown.
Sexual relationship was prohibited between men and
women of the same pack or group. But these relation
were temporarily permitted between men and women of
two definite packs during a particular season. Children
born to the women of the pack became its member. They
didn’t know their father in other pack for maternity was
a fact, while paternity was unknown.
Continued….
• All relation of kinship and descent were traced only
through the mother. Property or private possessions
were unknown. Women were the equals of men. As
wealth was unknown, there was no question of
inequality. Matriarchal society was peaceful, war too was
unknown.
Evolutionary or Historical Theory
• It explains that both the forces and factors which created
and developed the state and the historical stages
through which it evolved.
• The social forces and influences in the evolution of the
state are:
• 1. Kinship
• 2. Power of magic or religion
• 3. Property and the rise of economic classes
• 4. War and force
• 5. Political consciousness
Evolutionary or Historical Theory
(continued)
Kinship:
• The earliest social bond which would unite and organize
primitive men into relations of command and obedience
was kinship. It is a natural relationship based on blood
and birth. The earliest relation is between the mother
and child. But when the matriarchal society was
superseded by the patriarchal society, blood relation was
traced through the father. The tribes consisted of the
families related by blood and descent from a common
ancestor.
• Within the family children obey there father and
members of the tribe obey the elders of the tribe,
related as they were by kinship or blood relationship.
Evolutionary or Historical Theory
(continued)
Power of Magic and Religion
• Primitive man did not understand the forces of nature
and the cause of their operation. He control them by
magical rites and practices. It was their religion. Men
who knew about magic and medicine became the head
of the tribe. In other tribes men who conducted the
religion rites or common worship became the priest-
kings.
• Political consciousness
The fifth essential factor in the growth and development of
the state is the slow rise of political consciousness. Political
consciousness means the thought or knowledge of certain
ends and purpose to be attained through political
organization.