People vs. Esureña (374 SCRA 424 GR 142727 January 23, 2002)
People vs. Esureña (374 SCRA 424 GR 142727 January 23, 2002)
People vs. Esureña (374 SCRA 424 GR 142727 January 23, 2002)
Facts: Antonio Esureña was charged with rape of his 13 year old daughter before the Regional Trial
Court. The information alleged that the victim was a minor. And it was witnessed by Nena’s sisters.
Antonio faults the trial court for imposing the supreme penalty of death contending that a.) minority of
the victim was not proved clearly and convincingly; and b.) the other qualifying circumstance that rape
was committed in the presence and in full view of the victim’s relatives of the third degree
of consanguinity was not alleged in the information.
Issue:
1. WON minority of the victim alleged in the informationcan be appreciated even if it was not duly
proven during trial.
2. WON qualifying circumstances not alleged in the information butproved can be appreciated.
Held: Both No. Testimony of a person as to her age,although hearsay, is admissible as evidence of family
tradition, it cannot be considered proof of age beyond reasonable doubt. Hence, qualifying
circumstance of minority cannot be appreciated.
Qualifying circumstance which increases the penalty by degree rather than merely affect the period of
the penalty, as in the aggravating circumstances, must be properly pleaded in the information consistent
with the constitutional right of the accused to be informed of the charges against him.