SYLLOGISM
SYLLOGISM
SYLLOGISM
-A false conclusion cannot flow from true (1) Conditional syllogism (major premise is a
antecedents condition; if-then); joined together
-But a true consequent may follow false (2) Disjunctive syllogism (major premise is
antecedents (accidental truth) disjunctive; either/or); they’re disconnected
(1) A syllogism must only have three terms -when minor affirms consequent; no conclusion
follows
- Each term must have the same meaning each time
it’s used
- Different meanings for the same term (fallacy of 4 -when minor denies condition; no conclusion
terms) follows
(2) Any term distributed in the conclusion must be -when minor denies consequent; conclusion must
distributed in the premises deny condition
(4) Two negative premises = no conclusion - when minor affirms one member; conclusion
must deny other member
(5) Conclusion must follow the weaker part
(particular/negative) - when minor denies one member; conclusion must
affirm other member
(6) Two particular premises = no valid conclusion
Sorites
Abstraction
- fancy name for a series of syllogisms stated in a
- formulating a more general statement by series of propositions linked together so that the
eliminating more and more facts; will eventually predicate of each one that precedes forms the
result to making the statement so vague subject of each that follows until the conclusion is
formed by bringing together the subject of the first
Abbreviated syllogism (enthymeme) proposition and the predicate of the last
- one of the premises is missing proposition