CAD Practice

World Scientific News 27 (2016) 1-168
2. Basic Objects in AutoCAD
Draw tool bar used to access AutoCAD draw commands you can also use draw pull down menu or
type the command in command line. The draw commands create objects such as lines, rectangles, circles,
arcs, and ellipses.an object is the smallest component of the drawing. A drawing is made up of
combinations of these objects, when creating objects with draw commands, AutoCAD always prompt ask
you to indicate points such as endpoints, centers, radii, to describe size and location of the object to be
drawn. Drawing commands can be entered from the keyboard (command line), the draw toolbar, or the
draw pull down menu.
2.1. Line
Draw Line simple lines or series of lines segments .access to command line by one way of the
following:
1. Command Line: Line or L
2. Menu Bar :Draw  Line
3. Draw Bar
When execute command line the program requires specify first point, display in command line:
Specify first Point:
Specify next point or [Undo]:
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]:
Options:
 C: this option close series of lines, connect first point with last point by line.
 U: enter U for undo. AutoCAD backs up one segment, undoing it so that you can recreate it.
Example 1. Draw the following figure in board its’ sides are (12×12 cm), note the figure start from
the original point (0,0)..
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Absolute Coordinate System

Command:Line
Specify first point:0,0
Specify next point:10,0
Specify next point:0,0 or C
Relative Coordinate System
Command:Line
Specify next point:@10,0
Specify next point:@-2,0
Specify next point:@0,-6
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Specify next point:@0,-8 or C
Relative Polar Coordinate System
Command:Line
Specify next point:@10<0
Specify next point:@8<270 or C
Example 2. Draw the following figure in board its’ sides are (52×52 m), note the figure is start from
the point (10, 10).
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Command:Line
Command:Line
Command:Line
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Example 3. Draw the following figure in board its sides (52×52 mm), note the figure is start
from the point (5,5).

Command:Line
Command:Line
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Specify next point:@-2,-2
Command:Line
Specify next point:@2.828<315
Example 4. Draw the following figure in board its sides (12×02 m), note the figure is start from
original point (0,0) and the angle between sides is 45o.

Command:Line
Specify next point:3.5,-3.5
Specify next point:10.5,-3.5
Specify next point:10.5,3.5
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Command:Line
Specify next point:@3.5,-3.5
Specify next point:@3.5,3.5
Specify next point:@-3.5,3.5
Specify next point:@-3.5,-3.5
Specify next point:@-3.5,-3.5
Specify next point:@-3.5,-3.5 or C
Command:Line
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Draw following figures using line commands.
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2.2. Rectangle
AutoCAD Provides the Rectangle command, which allows creating rectangles with
perfect corners and as a single object. Access the command by:
1. Command Line: Rectangle, Rec.
2. Menu Bar: Draw Rectangle.
3. Draw Bar .
When enter command, the program require specify first corner:
Specify first corner point or [Chamfer/ Elevation / Fillet / Thickness / Width]:
Specify other corner Point:
Options:
C: the chamfer command enables to place a chamfer at the rectangle corner. The distance specify is
the distance from the intersection of the two lines (the corner) to the start of the bevel, or chamfer.
You can set the chamfer distance for the two lines independently.
Specify first chamfer distance for rectangles<0.000>:
Specify second chamfer distance for rectangles<0.000>:
E: identify high of rectangle (this option use in 3D drawings).

Specify the elevation for rectangles<0.000>:
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F: the fillet command creates both fillets and rounds on any combination of two lines, arcs, or
circles.
Specify fillet radius for rectangles<0.000>:
T: identify thick of rectangle (this option use in 3D drawings)

Specify thickness rectangles<0.000>:
W: rectangle can have a width (the default width is 0).

Specify line width for rectangles<0.000>:
Example 1. Draw the Following figure, in board its’ sides are (52×52 m), note the figure is start

Command:Rec
Specify first corner point:1,1
Specify other corner point:3,15
Command:Rec
Command:Rec
Command:Rec
Command:Rec
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Command:Rec
Specify other corner point:@2,14
Command:Rec
Command:Rec
Command:Rec
Command:Rec
Command:Rec
Specify other corner point:@14.14<81.86
Command:Rec
Command:Rec
Command:Rec
Command:Rec
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Example 2. Draw the Following figure in board its’ sides are (15×15 cm), note the figure is start

Command:Rec
Specify first corner point or [Chamfer/ Elevation / Fillet / Thickness / Width]:C
Specify first chamfer distance for rectangles:0.5
Specify second chamfer distance for rectangles:0.5
Specify other corner Point:11,7
Command: Rec
Command:Rec
Command:Rec
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Specify other corner Point:@10,6
Command:Rec
Command:Rec
Command:Rec
Specify other corner Point:@11.66<30.96
Command:Rec
Specify other corner Point:@2.82<45
Command:Rec
Specify other corner Point:@2.82<45
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Example 3. Draw the Following figure to board its sides’ are (14x12mm). Note the figure is far
away 1mm Horizontally and 2mm Vertically from original point (0,0).

Command:Rec
Command:Rec
Command:Rec
Command:Rec
Command:Rec
Specify first corner point or [ Chamfer/ Elevation / Fillet / Thickness / Width]:F
Specify fillet radius for rectangles:0.5
Specify first corner point:1.5,2.5
Specify other corner Point:12.5,3.5
Command:Rec
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Command:Rec
Command:Rec
Command:Rec
Command:Rec
Command:Rec
Command:Rec
Command:Rec
Command:Rec
Command:Rec
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Command:Rec
Command:Rec
Command:Rec
Command:Rec
Command:Rec
Command:Rec
Command:Rec
Command:Rec
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Command:Rec
Example 4. Draw the Stair step on board its’ sides are (60,60 inches), the figure start from original point
(0,0).

Command:Line
Command:Line
Command:Line
Command:Line
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Command:Line
Command:Line
Command:Rectangle
Command:Rectangle
Command:Rectangle
Command:Rectangle
Command:Rectangle
Command:Line
Command:Line
Command:Line
Command:Line
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Command:Line
Command:Line
Specify next Point:@0,8
Command:Rectangle
Command:Rectangle
Command:Rectangle
Command:Rectangle
Command:Rectangle
Command:Line
Command:Line
Command:Line
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Command:Line
Command:Line
Command:Line
Specify next point:@53.814<41.987
Command:Rectangle
Command:Rectangle
Command:Rectangle
Command:Rectangle
Command:Rectangle
2.3. Circle
Provide Circle many ways to draw circles. Access the command from:
1. Command Line: Circle , C
2. Menu Bar: Draw  Circle
3. Draw Bar:
Display following message:
Specify center point for circle or [3P/2P/Ttr(tan tan radius)]:
Specify radius of circle or [Diameter]:D
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Specify diameter of circle<current default>:

Options:
 3P(3 point). the circle passes through all three points specified.
 2P(2 point). the two points specify the location and diameter.
 Ttr(tan tan radius). specify two objects for the circle to be tangent to, then specify the
radius.
 TTT. (Draw CircleTan Tan Tan).
Example 1. Draw the Following figure in board its’ sides are (15x15cm). Note the point (0,0) is
the center of the drawing.

Command:C
Specify center point for circle:0,0
Specify radius of circle:1
Command:C
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Command:C
Command:C
Command:C
Specify center point for circle:0,3.5
Specify radius of circle:0.25
Command:C
Specify center point for circle:3.5,0
Command:C
Specify center point for circle:-3.5,0
Command:C
Specify center point for circle:0,-3.5
Example 2. Draw the following figure in board its’ sides are (102×102 mm), note the figure is
start from the point (20,10).

Command:Rec
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Command:C
Command:C
Command:C
Command:C
Command:C
Command:C
Example 3. Draw the following figure in board its’ sides are (022×022 cm). Note the figure is
start from the point (10,20).

Command:L
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Command:Rec
Command:Rec
Command:C
Command:C
Command:C
Command:C
Command:C
Command:C
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Command:L
Command:Rec
Command:Rec
Command:L
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Command:Rec
Command: Rec
Example 4. Draw the following figure in board its’ are sides (50×50 cm). Note the figure is start
from original point (0,0).

Command:L
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Specify next point:-2,13
Command:Rec
Command:Rec
Command: Rec
Specify first corner point:-8,16
Specify other corner point:-6,17
Command:C
Command:C
Command:C
Specify center point for circle:-7,19
Command:L
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Specify next point:@-4,-3
Command:Rec
Command:Rec
Command:Rec
Command:C
Command:C
Command:C
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Command:L
Specify next point:@5<36.86
Command:Rec
Command:Rec
Specify other corner point:@1.41<45
Command:Rec
Command:C
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Command:C
Command:C
Example 5. Draw the following figure in board its’ are sides (550×150 mm). Note the figure is
start from original point (0,0).

Command:Rectangle
Command:fillet
Specify fillet radius for rectangles:20
Command:Rectangle
Command:fillet
Specify fillet radius for rectangles:10
Command:Rectangle
Command:chamfer
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Specify first chamfer distance for rectangles:10

Specify second chamfer distance for rectangles:10
Command:Circle
Specify center point for circle: 25,25
Command:Circle
Command:Circle
Command:Circle
Draw the following figures using AutoCAD commands.
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2.4. ARC
In AutoCAD, the Arc command is often used to produce arcs.
1. Command Line: Arc or a
2. Menu Bar: DrawArc
3. Draw Bar:
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The following message appear:

Specify start point of arc or [CEnter]:
Specify second point of arc or [CEnter/ End]:
Specify end point of arc or [ Angle / chord length] :
Specify center point of arc or [Angle/ Direction / Radius]:
Options:
Angle.Draw arc using angle.
Chord Length.Draw arc using chord length.
ARC examples
Example 1. Draw the following figure in board its’ sides are (02×02 m). The figure start from
the point (1,1)
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Command:L
Command:L
Command: a
Specify first point of arc:4,5
Specify center point of arc:2.5,6.5
Specify end point:1,5
Command:C
Command:C
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Example 2. Draw the following figure in board its’ are sides (05×05 cm). Note the figure is start

Command:Rec
Specify next corner point:10,8
Drawing Arc Using 3Points
Command:a
Specify seconed point of arc:7.5,0.5
Command:a
Specify second pointofarc:12.5,5.5
Specify end point: 10,8
Command:a
Specify first pointofarc:10,8
Specify second pointofarc:7.5,10.5
Command:a
Specify second point of arc :2.5,5.5
Drawing Arc Using Start/ Center /End
Command:a
Specify center point of arc:7.5,3
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Command:a
Specify center point of arc:10,5.5
Command:a
Command:a
Drawing arc using Start/ Center /Angle
Command:a
Specify included angle:180
Command:a
Specify included angle: 180
Command:a
Command:a
Specify included angle: 180
Drawing Arc Using Start/ Center /Length
Command:a
Specify length of chord: 5
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Command:a
Specify length of chord: 5
Command:a
Specify length of chord:5
Command:a
Example 3. Draw the following figure in board its sides (002×002 inch). Note the figure is start

Command:L
KeyBoard:Esc
Command:L
KeyBoard:Esc
Command:L
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Key Board:Esc
Command:L
KeyBoard:Esc
Command:L
KeyBoard:Esc
Command:L
KeyBoard:Esc
Command:L
KeyBoard:Esc
Command:L
KeyBoard:Esc
Command:a
Specify second point:40,20
Command:a
Specify first poin:70,30
Command:a
Specify second point40,60
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Command:a
Specify second pointof arc:20,40
Drawing Arc Using Start/ Center /End
Command:a
Specify center point of arc:40,10
Command:a
Command: a
Command: a
Drawing Arc Using Start/ Center /Angle
Command:a
Specify center point:40,10
Command:a
Command:a
Specify first point :30,70
Command:a
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Specify center pointc:10,40
Drawing Arc Using Start/ Center /Length
Command:a
Command:a
Command:a
Command:a
Example 4. Draw the following figure in board its’ sides are (02×02 inch). Note the figure is start

Command:a
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Specify second poin:5,5

Command:a
Command:a
Specify second point:6.5,3.5
Command:a
Command:a
Command: a
Drawing Arc Using Start/ Center /Angle
Command:a
Specify center point:10, 0
Command:a
Command:a
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Command: a
Command:a
Command:a
Example 5. Draw the following figure in board its’ sides are (00×00 mm). Note the figure is
start from original point (0, 0).

Command:L
Command:L
Command:L
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Command:L
Command:a
Specify second poin:1,-1
Command:a
Specify second poin:5,-1
Command:a
Command:a
Command:C
Command:C
start from original point (0, 0).
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Command:Line
Command:Line
Specify next point 8,3
Command:Line
Specify next point:5.5,3
Command:Line
Command:Arc
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Specify second point of arc:1,4

Command:Arc
Command:Arc
Command:Arc
Specify first point of arc:5.5,5
Specify second point of arc:4,6.5
Specify end point: 2.5,5
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2.5. Ellipse
An ellipse is one object. AutoCAD ellipses are NURBS curves.
1. Command Line: El
2. Menu Bar: Draw Ellipse
3. Draw Bar:
In AutoCAD three ways to draw ellipse:
1.Axis end (Specify one axis and the end of second)
Command : ellipse
Specify axis end point of ellipse or [Arc / Center]:
Specify other end point of axis:
Specify distance to other axis or [Rotation]:
2. Center (Specify the center and the end of each axis)
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Specify axis end point of ellipse or [Arc / Center]:C

Specify center of ellipse:
Specify end point of axis:
Specify distance to other axis or [rotation]:
3. Arc (create an ellipse arc)
Specify axis end point of ellipse or [Arc / Center]:A
Specify axis endpoint of elliptical arc or [center]:
Specify other endpoint of axis:
Specify distance to other axis or [rotation]:
Specify start angle or [parameter]:
Specify end angle or [parameter / included angle]:
Example 1. Draw the following figure in board its’ sides are (22×22 mm).
Axis end
Command : ellipse
Specify axis end point of ellipse or [Arc / Center]:10,10
Specify other end point of axis:20,10
Specify distance to other axis or [Rotation]:3
Center
Specify center of ellips:15,10
Specify end point of axis:20,10
Specify distance to other axis or [rotation]:15,13
Arc
Specify axis end point of ellipse or [Arc / Center]:A
Specify axis endpoint of elliptical arc or [center]:20,10
Specify other endpoint of axis:10,10
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Specify distance to other axis or [rotation]:r

Specify start angle or [parameter]:0
Specify end angle or [parameter / included angle]:45
Example 2. Draw the following figure in board its sides (22×22 inch). Note the figure is start
Axis end
Command:ellipse
Specify distance to other axis or [Rotation]:0.5
Command:ellipse
Command:ellipse
Command:ellipse
Command:ellipse
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Command:ellipse
Center
Specify distance to other axis or [rotation]:0.5
start from original point (0,0).
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Axis end
Command:rectangle
Command:rectangle
Command:rectangle
Command:rectangle
Command:ellipse
Specify other end point of axis: 8,1
Command:ellipse
Command:ellipse
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Command:ellipse
Command:ellipse
Command:ellipse
Example 4. Draw the following figure in board its’ sides are (12×12 cm). Note the original
point (0,0) in the center of the drawing.
Axis end
Command:ellipse
Specify axis end point of ellipse or []:0,-5
Command:ellipse
Specify axis end point of ellipse or []:5,-5
Specify other end point of axis:-5,5
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Command:ellipse
Specify axis end point of ellipse or []:5,0
Command:ellipse
Specify axis end point of ellipse or []:5,5
Specify other end point of axis:-5,-5
Example 5. Draw the following figure in board its’ sides are (25×25m). Note the original point
(0,0) in the center of the drawing.
Axis end
Command:ellipse
Specify axis end point of ellipse:-5,-5
Specify other end point of axis:5,-5
Specify distance to other axis:0.5
Command:ellipse
Specify axis end point of ellipse:5,-5
Command:ellipse
Specify axis end point of ellipse:10,0
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Command:ellipse
Command:ellipse
Specify axis end point of ellipse:-5,5
Command:ellipse
Specify axis end point of ellipse:-10,0
Specify other end point of axis:-5,-5
Example 6. Draw the Computer on board its’ sides are (6,6 ft). The figure start from
original point (0,0).
Axis end
Command: rectangle
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Specify other corner point: 3,1
Command: Rectangle
Specify first corner point or [ ]:F
Command: rectangle
Specify first corner point:0,1.25
Specify other corner point: 3,4.25
Command: Rec
Specify first corner point or []:C
Specify other corner Point:2.750,4
Command : ellipse
Specify axis end point of ellipse or []: 1.5,2.25
Specify other end point of axis: 1.5,3.5
Command : ellipse
Specify axis end point of ellipse or []: 1,2.750
Specify other end point of axis: 2,2.750
Command:ellipse
Specify axis end point of ellipse or []: -1.750,0
Specify other end point of axis: -1.750,1
Command:arc
Specify first point:0,2.750
Command:C
Specify center point for circle:1.5,2.750
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Command:C
Command:C
Command:C
Draw the following figures using AutoCAD commands
2.6. Polygon
The Polygon command enables to create regular polygon with 3 to 1024 sides. A regular
polygon is one with sides of equal length.
1. Command Line:Pol
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2. Menu Bar:Draw Polygon
3. Draw Bar:
When enter polygon command, the following message appear:
Enter number of sides<>:
Specify center point or [edge]:
If our chose the Edge option, the program require the following:
Specify first endpoint of edge:
Specify second endpoint of edge:
If our option specifies Center point, the program requires the radius of circle:
Enter an option [Inscribed in circle / Circumference about circle] < >:
Options:
I.Inscribed option allows control of one half of the distance across the corner.
C.Circumscribed option allows control of one half of the distance across the flats.
When determine one of the options the program display the message:
Specify radius of circle:
Remark: (the circle is not display in the drawing).
Example 1. Draw the following figure in board its’ sides are (12×12 cm). Note the figure start

Command: line
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Esc from keyboard
Command:line
Command:a
Specify center point:8,1.5
Specifyendpoint:8,3
Command:Pol
Enter number of sides:6
Specify center point or [edge]:8,1.5
Example 2. Draw the following figure in board its’ sides are (15×5 mm). Note the figure start

Command:Polygon
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Command:Polygon
Command:Polygon
Command:ellipse
Command:ellipse
Command:ellipse
Example 3. Draw the following figure in board its’ sides are (130×130 mm). Note the original
point (0,0) in the center of drawing.

Command:Polygon
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Command:Polygon
Command:Polygon
Command:Polygon
Command:Polygon
Command:Polygon
Command:Polygon
Enter number of sides<>:4
Specify center point or [edge]:e
Specify first endpoint of edge:0,60
Specify second endpoint of edge:-60,0
Command:Polygon
Command:Polygon
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Command:Polygon
Command:Polygon
Command:Polygon
Example 4. Draw the following figure in board its’ sides are (120×120 m). Note the figure start

Command:Polygon
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Command:Polygon
Command:Polygon
Command:Polygon
Command:Polygon
Specify second endpoint of edge:0,20
Command:Polygon
Command:Polygon
Command:Polygon
Command:Polygon
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Example 5. Draw the following figure in board its’ sides are (20×10 cm). Note the figure start

Command:Pol
Specify center point or [edge]:4,4
Command:Pol
Specify center point or [edge]:12,4
Command:ellipse
Specify distance to other axis:1
Command:ellipse
Command:ellipse
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Command:ellipse
Command:C
Command:C
Command:C
Command:C
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2.7. Donut
The donut command allows to create thick – walled or solid circles, known in AutoCAD as
donuts. Access the command by:
1. of donut Command Line: do
2. Menu Bar: DrawDonut
Specify inside diameter:

Specify outside diameter of donut:
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World Scientific News 27 (2016) 1-168

2. Basic Objects in AutoCAD

Absolute Coordinate System

Specify next point:@-2,0

Absolute Coordinate System

Specify next point:@4<0

Absolute Coordinate System

Specify next point:@2,2

Absolute Coordinate System

Specify next point:10.5,10.5

Specify next point:@5<225 or C

Draw following figures using line commands.

E: identify high of rectangle (this option use in 3D drawings).

T: identify thick of rectangle (this option use in 3D drawings)

W: rectangle can have a width (the default width is 0).

Absolute Coordinate System

Specify first corner point:13,1

Absolute Coordinate System

Specify first chamfer distance for rectangles:0.5

Absolute Coordinate System

Specify other corner Point:12.5,5.5

Specify first corner point or [ Chamfer/ Elevation / Fillet / Thickness / Width]:F

Specify first corner point:1.5,6.5

Absolute Coordinate System

Specify next point:30,35

Specify first point:30,27

Specify diameter of circle<current default>:

Absolute Coordinate System

Specify center point for circle:0,0

Absolute Coordinate System

Specify other corner point:70,60

Absolute Coordinate System

Specify first point:10,20

Specify center point for circle:74,104

Specify next point:@40<270

Absolute Coordinate System

Specify next point:3,13

Specify next point:@0,12

Specify center point for circle:-7,19

Specify center point for circle:8,19

Absolute Coordinate System

Specify first chamfer distance for rectangles:10

Draw the following figures using AutoCAD commands.

The following message appear:

Absolute Coordinate System

Absolute Coordinate System

Specify end point: 10,3

Absolute Coordinate System

Specify next point:70,30

Specify first point:10,30

Drawing Arc Using 3Points

Specify second poin:5,5

Absolute Coordinate System

Specify first point:4,0

Absolute Coordinate System

Specify second point of arc:1,4

Draw the following figures using AutoCAD commands.

Specify axis end point of ellipse or [Arc / Center]:C

Specify distance to other axis or [rotation]:r