ACI 318-08 Building code requirements for structural ACI 318-14 Building code requirements for structural ACI

ral ACI 421.1R-99 Shear reinforcement for slabs ACI 421.1R-08 Guide to shear reinforcement for slabs,
Parameters of design
concrete, Units: in., psi concrete. Units: in., psi (Reapproved 2006), Units: in., psi Units: in., psi

PROPERTIES OF CRITICAL SECTIONS

For an interior rectangular 𝑑(𝑐1 + 𝑑)3 (𝑐1 + 𝑑)𝑑 3 𝑑(𝑐2 + 𝑑)(𝑐1 + 𝑑)2 𝑑(𝑐1 + 𝑑)3 (𝑐1 + 𝑑)𝑑 3 𝑑(𝑐2 + 𝑑)(𝑐1 + 𝑑)2 𝑙𝑥1 3 𝑙𝑦1 𝑙𝑥1 2 𝑙𝑥1 𝑑 3 𝑙𝑥1 3 𝑙𝑦1 𝑙𝑥1 2
column 𝐽𝑐 = + + 𝐽𝑐 = + + 𝐽𝑦 = 𝑑 [ + ]+ 𝐽𝑦 = 𝑑 [ + ]
6 6 2 6 6 2 6 2 6 6 2
ACI 318 commentary: similar eq. may be developed for Ac ACI 318 commentary [R8.4.4.2.3]: similar eq. may be
𝑙𝑦1 3 𝑙𝑥1 𝑙𝑦1 2
and Jc for columns located at the edge of corner of a slab. developed for Ac and Jc for columns located at the edge of 𝐽𝑥 = 𝑑 [ + ]
𝑙𝑦1 3 𝑙𝑥1 𝑙𝑦1 2 𝑙𝑦1 𝑑 3 6 2
Cheng and Giduquio, 2014: “…Jc is an ill-defined corner of a slab (…) 𝐽𝑥 = 𝑑 [ + ]+
parameter to simulate polar moment of inertia” Cheng and Giduquio, 2014: “…Jc is an ill-defined 6 2 6
parameter to simulate polar moment of inertia”
(…) Where shear reinforcement has been used, the critical These factors are ill-defined,
section beyond the shear reinforcement generally has a they do not corresponds to the
polygonal shape (Fig. R8.7.6d and e). Equations for calculating analysis of second moment of line, the red factor is not
shear stresses on such sections are given in ACI 421.1R. necessary.
For a circular shape It does not say [22.6.4.1.1 & 22.6.4.1.2] 𝑏𝑜 could be defined assuming a [it does not say] 𝐴𝑐 = 2𝜋𝑑 ∗ 𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑖𝑢𝑠; radius = ɸcol + d/2
square column of equivalent area. 𝐽𝑥 = 𝐽𝑦 = 𝜋𝑑(𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑖𝑢𝑠)3
For a general shape It does not say It does not say 𝐴𝑐 = 𝑑 ∑ 𝑙 𝐴𝑐 = 𝑑 ∑ 𝑙
𝑙
𝐼𝑥 = 𝑑 ∑ [ (𝑦𝑖2 + 𝑦𝑖 𝑦𝑗 + 𝑦𝑗2 )] 𝑙
3 𝐽𝑥 = 𝑑 ∑ [ (𝑦𝑖2 + 𝑦𝑖 𝑦𝑗 + 𝑦𝑗2 )]
𝑙 3
𝐼𝑦 = 𝑑 ∑ [ (𝑥𝑖2 + 𝑥𝑖 𝑥𝑗 + 𝑥𝑗2 )] 𝑙
3 𝐽𝑦 = 𝑑 ∑ [ (𝑥𝑖2 + 𝑥𝑖 𝑥𝑗 + 𝑥𝑗2 )]
Coordinates of points i and j at 3
the extremities of the segment whose length is l. 𝑙
𝐽𝑥𝑦
̅̅̅̅ = 𝑑 ∑ [ (2𝑥̅𝑖 𝑦 ̅𝑖 + 𝑥̅𝑖 𝑦̅𝑗 + 𝑥̅𝑗 𝑦̅𝑖 + 2𝑥̅𝑗 𝑦̅𝑗 )]
This corresponds to the analysis of second moment of a 6
straight line, simplified and limits solved. 𝐽𝑥𝑦
̅̅̅̅ is the product of inertia of the perimeter of the critical

In general, it is the second moment of line multiplied by d: section about the centroidal nonprincipal axes.
𝑥𝑗
2 Centroidal principal axes can be determined by:
𝐼𝑥 = 𝑑 ∫𝑥𝑖 𝑦(𝑥) 𝑑𝐿 −2𝐽̅̅̅̅𝑥𝑦
tan 2𝜃 =
𝐽𝑥̅ − 𝐽𝑦̅
The coordinates of any point on the perimeter of the
critical section with respect to the centroidal principal axes
can be calculated by:
𝑥 = 𝑥̅ cos 𝜃 + 𝑦̅ sin 𝜃
𝑦 = −𝑥̅ sin 𝜃 + 𝑦̅ cos 𝜃

DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS
1 1 1 1
Fraction of moment 𝛾𝑓 = 2 (ACI 318-08, EQ.13-1) 𝛾𝑓 = 2 [8.4.2.3.2] 𝛾𝑣𝑥 = 1 − 2 𝛾𝑣𝑥 = 1 − 2
1+ √𝑏1 /𝑏2 1+ √𝑏1 /𝑏2 1+ √𝑙𝑦1 /𝑙𝑥1 1+ √𝑙𝑦1 /𝑙𝑥1
considered for interior 3 3 3 3
1 1
column For nonprestressed slabs with unbalance moments, it shall 𝛾𝑣𝑦 = 1 − 2 𝛾𝑣𝑦 = 1 − 2
1+ √𝑙𝑥1 /𝑙𝑦1 1+ √𝑙𝑥1 /𝑙𝑦1
be permited to increase 𝛾𝑓 : 3 3

 Edge or corner columns with unbalanced moments

about and axis parallel to the edge, 𝛾𝑓 = 1.0 provided
that 𝑉𝑢 ≤ 0.75∅𝑉𝑐 at edge support, or 𝑉𝑢 ≤ 0.5∅𝑉𝑐 at
corner support
 Interior supports and edge columns with unbalanced
moments about an axis perpendicular to the edge,
increase 𝛾𝑓 to as much as 1.25 times the value from eq.
above, but not more than 𝛾𝑓 = 1.0 provided that 𝑉𝑢 ≤
0.4∅𝑉𝑐
𝛾𝑉 = 1 − 𝛾𝑓 (ACI 318-08, EQ.11-37) 𝛾𝑉 = 1 − 𝛾𝑓 [8.4.4.2.2]
 ACI 318-08 Building code requirements for structural ACI 318-14 Building code requirements for structural ACI 421.1R-99 Shear reinforcement for slabs ACI 421.1R-08 Guide to shear reinforcement for slabs,
Parameters of design
concrete, Units: in., psi concrete. Units: in., psi (Reapproved 2006), Units: in., psi Units: in., psi
Fraction of moment It does not say It does not say 𝛾𝑣𝑥 = 𝑠𝑎𝑚𝑒 𝑎𝑠 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑜𝑟 𝑐𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑛 𝛾𝑣𝑥 = 𝑠𝑎𝑚𝑒 𝑎𝑠 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑜𝑟 𝑐𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑛
1 1
considered 𝛾𝑣𝑦 =1− 2 𝛾𝑣𝑦 = 1 − 2
1+ √𝑙𝑥 /𝑙𝑦 −0.2 1+ √𝑙𝑥 /𝑙𝑦 −0.2
For edge column 3 3
(but 𝛾𝑣𝑦 = 0 when lx/ly < 0.2) (but 𝛾𝑣𝑦 = 0 when lx/ly < 0.2)

Fraction of moment It does not say It does not say 𝛾𝑣𝑥 = 0.4 𝛾𝑣𝑥 = 0.4
considered for corner 𝛾𝑣𝑦 = 𝑠𝑎𝑚𝑒 𝑎𝑠 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑒𝑑𝑔𝑒 𝑐𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑛 𝛾𝑣𝑦 = 𝑠𝑎𝑚𝑒 𝑎𝑠 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑒𝑑𝑔𝑒 𝑐𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑛
column

Design based upon ∅𝑉𝑛 ≥ 𝑉𝑢 (eq. 11-1) ∅𝑣𝑛 ≥ 𝑣𝑢 [8.5.1.1] 𝑣𝑢 ≤ ∅ ∗ 𝑣𝑛 𝑣𝑢 ≤ ∅ ∗ 𝑣𝑛

𝑉𝑛 = 𝑉𝑐 + 𝑉𝑠 (eq. 11-2) 𝑣𝑛 = 𝑣𝑐 + 𝑣𝑠 [22.6.1.3]
∅ strength reduction factor 0.75 0.75 [21.2] 0.85 0.75
Shear strength (without 4 4 4 4
𝑉𝑐 = (2 + ) 𝜆√𝑓𝑐′ 𝑏𝑜 𝑑 𝑣𝑐 = (2 + ) 𝜆√𝑓𝑐′ 𝑣𝑛 = (2 + ) √𝑓𝑐′ 𝑣𝑛 = (2 + ) 𝜆√𝑓𝑐′
shear reinf.) at d/2 from 𝛽 𝛽 β𝑐 β𝑐
column face, the smallest α𝑠 𝑑 α𝑠 𝑑 α𝑠 𝑑 α𝑠 𝑑
𝑉𝑐 = ( + 2) 𝜆√𝑓𝑐′ 𝑏𝑜 𝑑 𝑣𝑐 = ( + 2) 𝜆√𝑓𝑐′ 𝑣𝑛 = ( + 2) √𝑓𝑐′ 𝑣𝑛 = ( + 2) 𝜆√𝑓𝑐′
of: 𝑏𝑜 𝑏𝑜 𝑏𝑜 𝑏𝑜
𝑉𝑐 = 4𝜆√𝑓𝑐′ 𝑏𝑜 𝑑 𝑣𝑐 = 4𝜆√𝑓𝑐′ 𝑣𝑛 = 4√𝑓𝑐′ 𝑣𝑛 = 4𝜆√𝑓𝑐′
𝑎 𝑎 α𝑠 : 40 for interior columns, 30 for edge columns, 20 for
Where 𝛽 = 𝑛⁄𝑏 Where 𝛽 = 𝑛⁄𝑏 ; 𝑎𝑛 > 𝑏𝑛
𝑛 𝑛
corner columns [4.3]
√𝑓𝑐′ ≤ 100𝑝𝑠𝑖 for calculate 𝑣𝑐 [11.1.2] [22.6.5.2] 𝑎
and 𝛽 = 𝑛⁄𝑏 ; 𝑎𝑛 > 𝑏𝑛 (column dimensions)
α𝑠 : 40 for interior columns, 30 for edge columns, 20 for √𝑓𝑐′ ≤ 100𝑝𝑠𝑖 for calculate 𝑣𝑐 [22.6.3.1] 𝑛
corner columns α𝑠 : 40 for interior columns, 30 for edge columns, 20 for
corner columns [22.6.5.3]
Shear strength at a critical
section outside the shear- 𝑣𝑛 = 𝑣𝑐 = 2𝜆√𝑓𝑐′ 𝑣𝑐 ≤ 2𝜆√𝑓𝑐′ [22.6.6.1] 𝑣𝑛 = 𝑣𝑐 = 2√𝑓𝑐′ 𝑣𝑛 = 𝑣𝑐 = 2𝜆√𝑓𝑐′
reinforced zone:
Calculation of factored shear (11.11.7.2) The maximum factored shear stress may be (8.4.4.2.3) The maximum factored shear stress may be 𝑉𝑢 𝛾𝑣𝑥 𝑀𝑢𝑥 𝑦 𝛾𝑣𝑦 𝑀𝑢𝑦 𝑥 𝑉𝑢 𝛾𝑣𝑥 𝑀𝑢𝑥 𝑦 𝛾𝑣𝑦 𝑀𝑢𝑦 𝑥
𝑣𝑢 = + + 𝑣𝑢 = + +
strength calculated from: calculated from: 𝐴𝑐 𝐽𝑥 𝐽𝑦 𝐴𝑐 𝐽𝑥 𝐽𝑦
𝑉𝑢 𝛾𝑣 𝑀𝑢 𝑐𝐴𝐵 𝛾𝑣 𝑀𝑠𝑐 𝑐𝐴𝐵 Regarding to centroidal principal axes of shear critical Regarding to centroidal principal axes of shear critical
𝑣𝑢(𝐴𝐵) = + 𝑣𝑢(𝐴𝐵) = 𝑣𝑢𝑔 +
𝐴𝑐 𝐽𝐶 𝐽𝐶 section. Special considerations may apply when vu occurs section. Special considerations may apply when vu occurs
𝑉𝑢 𝛾𝑣 𝑀𝑢 𝑐𝐶𝐷 𝛾𝑣 𝑀𝑠𝑐 𝑐𝐶𝐷 at a single point (see app. B) at a single point (see app. B)
𝑣𝑢(𝐶𝐷) = + 𝑣𝑢(𝐶𝐷) = 𝑣𝑢𝑔 +
𝐴𝑐 𝐽𝐶 𝐽𝐶 When the centroid of shear-critical section does not
The factored shear Vu and unbalanced factored moment coincide with O, the unbalanced moments 𝑀𝑢𝑥̅ or 𝑀𝑢𝑢𝑦̅
Mu are determined at the centroidal axis c-c of the critical about the 𝑥̅ or 𝑦̅ axis through the centroid of shear-critical
section. section is related to the unbalanced moments 𝑀𝑢𝑂𝑥 and
𝑀𝑢𝑂𝑦 about x or y axis through O by:
𝑀𝑢𝑥̅ = 𝑀𝑢𝑂𝑥 + 𝑉𝑢 𝑦𝑜 ; 𝑀𝑢𝑦̅ = 𝑀𝑢𝑂𝑦 + 𝑉𝑢 𝑥𝑜
Where (𝑥𝑜 , 𝑦𝑜 ) are the coordinates of O with respect to the
centroid of the shear critical section along the centroidal
principal 𝑥 and 𝑦 axes (edge column).
Corner column (general case): the moments about the
centroidal nonprincipal axes 𝑥̅ and 𝑦̅ (𝑀𝑢𝑥̅ and 𝑀𝑢𝑢𝑦̅ ) are
equivalent to the moments about the 𝑥 and 𝑦 axes that are
given by:
𝑣𝑢𝑔 : Factored shear stress on the slab critical section for
𝑀𝑢𝑥 = 𝑀𝑢𝑥̅ cos 𝜃 − 𝑀𝑢𝑦̅ sin 𝜃
two-way action due to gravity loads without moment
𝑀𝑢𝑦 = 𝑀𝑢𝑥̅ sin 𝜃 + 𝑀𝑢𝑦̅ cos 𝜃
transfer, [psi].
𝑀𝑠𝑐 : Factored slab moment resisted by the column at s
joint, [lb·in]
.
 ACI 318-08 Building code requirements for structural ACI 318-14 Building code requirements for structural ACI 421.1R-99 Shear reinforcement for slabs ACI 421.1R-08 Guide to shear reinforcement for slabs,
Parameters of design
concrete, Units: in., psi concrete. Units: in., psi (Reapproved 2006), Units: in., psi Units: in., psi

Shear strength with Stirrups (11.11.3) shear reinf. consisting of wires, stirrups shall be [22.6.7.1] shear reinf. consisting of wires, stirrups shall be 𝑣𝑛 ≤ 6√𝑓𝑐′ when stirrups are provided ACI 318 permits use of stirrups when 𝑑 ≥ 6 𝑖𝑛 but not
The shear strength at a permitted in slabs with 𝑑 ≥ 6 𝑖𝑛 but not less than 16*ɸb permitted in slabs with 𝑑 ≥ 6 𝑖𝑛 but not less than 16*ɸb 𝑣𝑛 = 𝑣𝑐 + 𝑣𝑠 less than 16*ɸb (diameter of the stirrups). When stirrups
critical section at d/2 from (diameter of the stirrups). When stirrups are used, ACI 318 (diameter of the stirrups). For prestressed slabs, 𝑑 ≥ 0.8ℎ 𝑣𝑐 = 2√𝑓𝑐′ are used, ACI 318 requires that maximum shear stress at
the column face requires that maximum shear stress at d/2 from column 𝐴𝑣 𝑓𝑦𝑣 d/2 from column face satisfy:
face satisfy: 𝑣𝑢 ≤ 6√𝑓𝑐′ [22.6.6.2] 𝑣𝑠 = 𝑣𝑛 ≤ 6√𝑓𝑐′
𝑏𝑜 𝑠
𝑉𝑛 ≤ 6√𝑓𝑐′ 𝑏𝑜 𝑑 𝑣𝑐 ≤ 2𝜆√𝑓𝑐′ [22.6.6.1] 𝑣𝑛 = 𝑣𝑐 + 𝑣𝑠
𝑉𝑛 = 𝑉𝑐 + 𝑉𝑠 𝐴𝑣 𝑓𝑦𝑡 𝑣𝑐 = 2√𝑓𝑐′
𝑣𝑠 = [22.6.7.2]
𝑉𝑐 ≤ 2𝜆√𝑓𝑐′ 𝑏𝑜 𝑑 𝑏𝑜 𝑠 𝐴𝑣 𝑓𝑦𝑣
𝐴𝑣 𝑓𝑦𝑡 𝑑 𝑣𝑠 =
𝑉𝑠 = 𝑏𝑜 𝑠
𝑠
Limits for s and so. 𝑠𝑜 ≤ 0.5d 𝑠𝑜 ≤ 0.5d [table 8.7.6.3] 𝑠𝑜 ≥ 0.35d 𝑠𝑜 ≥ 0.35d
𝑠 ≤ 0.5d for nonprestressed members [11.4.5] 𝑠 ≤ 0.5d for nonprestressed members 𝑠𝑜 ≤ 0.4d 𝑠𝑜 ≤ 0.5d
𝑠 ≤ 0.75h for prestressed members Where 𝑉𝑠 ≥ 4√𝑓𝑐′ 𝑏𝑤 𝑑 maximum spacing s shall be 𝑠 ≤ 0.5d 𝑠 ≤ 0.5d
𝑠 ≤ 24 in reduced by one-half [9.7.6.2.2 applies only for beams]
Where 𝑉𝑠 ≥ 4√𝑓𝑐′ 𝑏𝑤 𝑑 maximum spacing s shall be
reduced by one-half [general requirements, for beams]
Shear stress at a critical 𝑣𝑢 ≤ ∅ ∗ 𝑣𝑛 𝑣𝑢 ≤ ∅ ∗ 𝑣𝑛 𝑣𝑢 ≤ ∅ ∗ 𝑣𝑛 𝑣𝑢 ≤ ∅ ∗ 𝑣𝑛
sections at d/2 from 𝑣𝑛 = 2𝜆√𝑓𝑐′ 𝑣𝑛 = 2𝜆√𝑓𝑐′ [22.6.6.1] 𝑣𝑛 = 2√𝑓𝑐′ 𝑣𝑛 = 2𝜆√𝑓𝑐′
outermost peripheral line of
shear studs
Reinforcement bars 𝑓𝑦𝑣 ≤ 60,000 𝑝𝑠𝑖 𝑓𝑦𝑡 ≤ 60,000 𝑝𝑠𝑖 [R22.6.3.2] 𝑓𝑦𝑣 ≤ 60,000 𝑝𝑠𝑖 𝑓𝑦𝑣 ≤ 60,000 𝑝𝑠𝑖
Shear strength with Studs (ACI 318-08 ch.11.11.5) 𝑣𝑐 ≤ 3𝜆√𝑓𝑐′ [22.6.6.1] 𝑣𝑐 = 3√𝑓𝑐 instead of using 𝑣𝑐 = 2√𝑓𝑐′
′ 𝑣𝑐 = 3𝜆√𝑓𝑐 instead of using 𝑣𝑐 = 2√𝑓𝑐′
′
When using shear headed 𝑉𝑐 = 3𝜆√𝑓𝑐′ 𝑏𝑜 𝑑 instead of using 𝑉𝑐 = 2𝜆√𝑓𝑐′ 𝑏𝑜 𝑑 𝑣𝑢 ≤ 8√𝑓𝑐′ [22.6.6.2] 𝑣𝑛 ≤ 8√𝑓𝑐′ instead of using 𝑣𝑛 ≤ 6√𝑓𝑐′ 𝑣𝑛 ≤ 8√𝑓𝑐′ instead of using 𝑣𝑛 ≤ 6√𝑓𝑐′
studs with mechanical 𝑉𝑛 ≤ 8√𝑓𝑐′ 𝑏𝑜 𝑑 instead of using 𝑉𝑛 ≤ 6√𝑓𝑐′ 𝑏𝑜 𝑑 𝐴 𝑓 𝑣 𝑣
𝑣𝑠 = 𝑣 𝑦𝑡 [22.6.8.2] 𝑠 ≤ 0.75d when 𝑢 ≤ 6√𝑓𝑐′ 𝑠 ≤ 0.75d when 𝑢 ≤ 6√𝑓𝑐′
anchorage capable of 𝐴𝑉 𝑓𝑦𝑡 𝑏 𝑠 𝑜 ∅ ∅
𝑣 𝑣
developing the yield ≥ 2√𝑓𝑐′ 𝐴𝑉
≥
𝑏
2√𝑓𝑐′ 𝑜 [22.6.8.3] 𝑠 ≤ 0.5d when 𝑢 > 6√𝑓𝑐′ 𝑠 ≤ 0.5d when 𝑢 > 6√𝑓𝑐′
𝑏𝑜 𝑠 𝑠 𝑓𝑦𝑡 ∅ ∅
strength of the rod 𝑓𝑦𝑣 ≤ 72,000 𝑝𝑠𝑖 𝑓𝑦𝑣 ≤ 72,000 𝑝𝑠𝑖
𝑠 ≤ 0.75d for prestressed slabs 𝑠 ≤ 0.75d for prestressed slabs [according to 8.7.7.1.2]
𝑣 𝑣
𝑠 ≤ 0.75d when 𝑢 ≤ 6√𝑓𝑐′ 𝑠 ≤ 0.75d when 𝑢 ≤ 6√𝑓𝑐′
∅ ∅
𝑣𝑢 𝑣𝑢
𝑠 ≤ 0.5d when > 6√𝑓𝑐′ 𝑠 ≤ 0.5d when > 6√𝑓𝑐′
∅ ∅
[3.5.5] headed studs and headed stud assemblies shall [20.5.1] headed studs and headed stud assemblies shall
conform to ASTM A1044 (minimum yield strength 51,000 conform to ASTM A1044 (minimum yield strength 51,000
psi) psi)
Shear strength with See ACI 318-08 11.11.4 and 11.11.7.3 for further See [22.6.9] for further information It does not say It does not say
structural steel I or channel- information
shaped sections (shear
heads)

Openings in slabs Openings in slabs located at a distance less than 10 times Openings in slabs located at a distance less than 10 times
the slab thickness from reaction area, the critical slab the slab thickness from reaction area, the critical slab
section for shear shall be modified as shown in dashed section for shear shall be modified as shown in dashed
lines: lines:
 ACI 318-08 Building code requirements for structural ACI 318-14 Building code requirements for structural ACI 421.1R-99 Shear reinforcement for slabs ACI 421.1R-08 Guide to shear reinforcement for slabs,
Parameters of design
concrete, Units: in., psi concrete. Units: in., psi (Reapproved 2006), Units: in., psi Units: in., psi
Shear Capitals With or without reinforcement this practice is not
Its purpose is to increase recommended [Megally and Ghali, 2002]: “shear capitals
the shear capacity without fail to reach capacity calculated from formulas in ACI 318
using shear reinforcement. when subjected to combined load”.
This guide consistently recommends a shear-reinforced
zone of the same size by the provision of shear
reinforcement or by shear capital.
For prestressed slabs 𝑉𝑐 = (𝛽𝑝 𝜆√𝑓𝑐′ + 0.3𝑓𝑝𝑐 )𝑏𝑜 𝑑 + 𝑉𝑝 𝑣𝑐 ≤ 𝛽𝑝 𝜆√𝑓𝑐′ + 0.3𝑓𝑝𝑐 +
𝑉𝑝
[22.6.5.5] 𝑉𝑝 𝑉𝑝
𝑏𝑜 𝑑 𝑣𝑛 = 𝛽𝑝 √𝑓𝑐′ + 0.3𝑓𝑝𝑐 + 𝑣𝑛 = 𝛽𝑝 𝜆√𝑓𝑐′ + 0.3𝑓𝑝𝑐 +
Slab prestressed in two (as indicated in ACI 318-08, eq. 11-34) 𝑏𝑜 𝑑 𝑏𝑜 𝑑
𝛽𝑝 = the minor of 3.5 and (𝛼𝑠 𝑏/𝑏𝑜 + 1.5)
directions, shear strength at Without stud shear reinforcement and: Without stud shear reinforcement and: (as indicated in ACI 318-08)
𝑓𝑝𝑐 = average value of compressive stress in the 2
critical section at d/2 from 𝛽𝑝 = the minor of 3.5 and (𝛼𝑠 𝑑/𝑏𝑜 + 1.5) 𝛽𝑝 = the minor of 3.5 and (𝛼𝑠 𝑑/𝑏𝑜 + 1.5) Without stud shear reinforcement and:
column face directions at centroid of cross section 𝑓𝑝𝑐 = average value of compressive stress in the 2 𝛽𝑝 = …
𝑓𝑝𝑐 = average value of compressive stress in the 2 𝑉𝑝 = vertical component of all effective prestress forces
directions at centroid of cross section directions at centroid of cross section 𝑓𝑝𝑐 = …
crossing critical section 𝑉𝑝 = vertical component of all effective prestress forces 𝑉𝑝 = …
𝑉𝑝 = vertical component of all effective prestress forces Equation applies only is these cases: [22.6.5.4]
crossing critical section crossing critical section Equation applies only is these cases:
 No portion of the column cross section is closer to a
Equation applies only is these cases: Equation applies only is these cases:  No portion of the column cross section is closer to a
discontinuous edge than four times the slab thickness
 No portion of the column cross section is closer to a  No portion of the column cross section is closer to a discontinuous edge than four times the slab thickness
 Bonded reinf. is provided in accordance with 8.6.2.3 and
discontinuous edge than four times the slab thickness discontinuous edge than four times the slab thickness  𝑓𝑐′ is not taken greater than 5000 psi
8.7.5.3
 √𝑓𝑐′ is not taken greater than 70 psi  𝑓𝑐′ is not taken greater than 5000 psi  125 𝑝𝑠𝑖 ≤ 𝑓𝑝𝑐 ≤ 500 𝑝𝑠𝑖 (each direction)
 √𝑓𝑐′ is not taken greater than 70 psi
 125 𝑝𝑠𝑖 ≤ 𝑓𝑝𝑐 ≤ 500 𝑝𝑠𝑖 (each direction)  125 𝑝𝑠𝑖 ≤ 𝑓𝑝𝑐 ≤ 500 𝑝𝑠𝑖 (each direction) If any condition is not satisfied, the slab should be treated
 125 𝑝𝑠𝑖 ≤ 𝑓𝑝𝑐 ≤ 500 psi (each direction)  If any condition is not satisfied, the slab should be as non-prestressed
If any condition is not satisfied, the slab should be treated If any condition is not satisfied, the slab should be treated
as non-prestressed treated as non-prestressed
as non-prestressed
Requirements for seismic- [21.13.6] 𝑉𝑠 ≥ 3.5√𝑓𝑐′ 𝑏𝑜 𝑑 for seismic conditions, with drift [see 18.14.5 for further details] 𝑣𝑐 = 1.5√𝑓𝑐′ value limited for this requirement [7-1] 𝑣𝑐 = 1.5√𝑓𝑐′ value limited for this requirement [7-1]
resistant slab-column ratio > 0.015 (to be extended at least 4h from column 𝑉𝑠 ≥ 3.5√𝑓𝑐′ 𝑏𝑜 𝑑 when drift ratio > 0.015 𝑣𝑠 ≥ 3√𝑓𝑐′ for seismic requirements [4.1]
connections in regions of face)
seismic risk
Details of shear  ACI 318 permits use of stirrups when 𝑑 ≥ 6 𝑖𝑛 but not  𝑔 ≤ 2𝑑 [table 8.7.6.3]  𝑔 ≤ 2𝑑 but not less than 0.6 diameter of column  ACI 318 permits use of stirrups when 𝑑 ≥ 6 𝑖𝑛 but not
reinforcement [studs and less than 16*ɸb (diameter of the stirrups)  Cover of the anchor should not exceed the minimum (circular columns) (g is the distance between lines of less than 16*ɸb (diameter of the stirrups)
stirrups]  𝑔 ≤ 2𝑑 (in the direction parallel to the column face – cover plus one-half bar diameter of flexural reinf. [8.7.7] shear studs, applies for stirrups as well)  𝑔 ≤ 2𝑑 (in the direction parallel to the column face –
when rectangular columns-), but not less than 0.6  Minimum number of peripheral lines of shear studs = 2 when rectangular columns-), but not less than 0.6
diameter of column (circular columns)  Minimum concrete cover (for studs) per ACI 318 (7.7) diameter of column (circular columns)
 Minimum number of peripheral lines of shear studs = 2  Minimum number of peripheral lines of shear studs = 2
 Minimum concrete cover (for studs and stirrups) per ACI  Minimum concrete cover (for studs and stirrups) per ACI
318 (7.7) 318 (7.7)
 Cover of the anchor should not exceed the minimum  Cover of the anchor should not exceed the minimum
cover plus one-half bar diameter of flexural reinf. cover plus one-half bar diameter of flexural reinf.
Where:

𝑣𝑢 = Shear stress in the critical section caused by the transfer between the slab and the column of factored axial force or factored axial force combined with
moment, or the maximum factored shear stress at a critical section produced by the combination of factored shear force Vu and unbalanced moments Mux
and Muy.

𝑣𝑛 = Nominal shear strength

∅ = Strength reduction factor

β𝑐 = Ratio of long side to short side of the column cross section

𝛼 = Distance between column face and a critical section divided by d

α𝑠 = 40 for interior columns, 30 for edge columns and 20 for corner columns

A𝑐 = Area of concrete of assumed critical section

𝑥, 𝑦 = Coordinate of the point at which Ʋu is maximum with respect to the centroidal principal axes x and y of the assumed critical section

M𝑢𝑥 , M𝑢𝑦 = Factored unbalanced moments transferred between the slab and the column about the centroidal axes x and y of the assumed critical section,
respectively

γ𝑣𝑥 , γ𝑣𝑦 = Fraction of moment between slab and column that is considered transferred by eccentricity of shear about the axes x and y of the assumed critical
section

𝑙𝑥1 , 𝑙𝑦1 = Lengths of the sides in the x and y directions of the critical section at d/2 from column face

𝐽𝑥 , 𝐽𝑦 = Property of assumed critical section, analogous to polar amount of inertia about axes x and y

𝑛𝑥 , 𝑛𝑦 = Number of studs per line running in x and y direction respectively

𝑠 = Spacing between peripheral lines of studs

s𝑜 = Distance between the column face and the first peripheral line of studs
Y
𝑉𝑢 𝛾𝑣𝑥 𝑀𝑢𝑥 𝑦 𝛾𝑣𝑦 𝑀𝑢𝑦 𝑥
𝑣𝑢 = − +

My
𝐴𝑐 𝐽𝑥 𝐽𝑦
V (+ ↓)
𝑀𝑢𝑥̅ = 𝑀𝑢𝑂𝑥 + 𝑉𝑢 𝑦𝑜 ; 𝑀𝑢𝑦̅ = 𝑀𝑢𝑂𝑦 − 𝑉𝑢 𝑥𝑜
X
𝑀𝑢𝑥 = 𝑀𝑢𝑥̅ cos 𝜃 + 𝑀𝑢𝑦̅ sin 𝜃 Mx
𝑀𝑢𝑦 = −𝑀𝑢𝑥̅ sin 𝜃 + 𝑀𝑢𝑦̅ cos 𝜃 Convention for positive values
(right-hand rule)