Formulas y Calculos de Perforacion
Formulas y Calculos de Perforacion
Formulas y Calculos de Perforacion
Adjustable Stabilizer
Handbook
Simplicity
in Action
m 1 Introduction
m 2 Description
m 5 Proven applications
5.1 Rotary First String
5.2 Rotary Nearbit
5.3 Above Motor
5.4 Below Motor
m 6 Operating Procedures
6.1 Surface Testing
6.2 Running Procedures
m 8 Specifications
The information contained within this
Andergauge Specifications
handbook is believed to be accurate and is
based upon run histories and empirical data. & Hydraulic Data
However, Andergauge makes no warranties or
representations to that effect. All information
is furnished in good faith, and the use of this
m 9 Features & Benefits
information is entirely at the risk of the user. 9.1 Andergauge
9.2 Anderdrift
INTRODUCTION
1
Indicator Probe
Locktube Locktube
Indicator Probe Return Spring
Locktube
Return Spring
Locktube
Collet Restrictor
Ring Restrictor Collet
Ring
Cam Cam
Picking up, places the tool in tension. The Note: An important design feature of the
mandrel will move down, stripping the locking mechanism is that the Andergauge
collet fingers back through the restrictor will not change settings during
ring, leaving the tool in the undergauge connections, if the flow rate is reduced
setting. after picking off bottom.
31 PLANNING THE WELL
4
n APPLICATION n
163/4" 171/2"
+0.50
-0.40
Example; 81/2" Hole with 8" - 81/2" Andergauge spaced 10ft to a 1/2" undergauge first string IBS: Build in Full gauge = +0.80º/100ft. Drop in Undergauge = -1.6º/100ft.
171/2" Hole
0
Build / Drop Rates (Degrees per 100ft.) Relative to Andergauge Setting
In addition to controlling tangents, the
-1.00
-1.20
-1.20
Andergauge is often used in a nearbit
Offset information should be supplied to your nearest Andergauge representative, who will also use local data base runs, to advise on BHA selection.
The above table has been compiled from the comprehensive Andergauge run data base and the general values can be used as an initial BHA guide.
application to provide a controlled drop off.
121/4"
+0.50
This placement provides a full gauge hold /
-0.40
0
build and an aggressive drop in the
121/4" Hole
undergauge setting.
113/4"
-1.25
-1.20
-1.00
The Andergauge is placed directly above
111/2"
-1.25
-1.20
-1.00
positioned at a spacing of 10ft.
A wide range of performance selections can
-1.00 +0.30
-1.60 +0.80
81/2"
-1.25 -0.40
be made through the choice of the gauge of
81/2" Hole
the first string stabilizer. The more under
8"
gauge this stabilizer the greater the build
rate in the full gauge setting.
73/4"
-1.30
-1.00
-1.60
n HORIZONTAL WELLS
-1.00 +0.20
-0.60 +1.00
-1.25 -0.20
6"
6" Hole
Increased inclination provides more
55/8"
response and more aggressive trends. e.g.
an 8" - 81/2" Andergauge, spaced 10 ft to a
1/2" under gauge first string stabilizer, at
Example; 81/2" Hole with 8" - 81/2" Andergauge 26ft from bearing stabilizer (2ft above standard motor): Full gauge = -0.2º/100ft. Undergauge = +0.30º/100ft.
n APPLICATIONS
Offset information should be supplied to your nearest Andergauge representative, who will also use local data base runs, to advise on BHA selection.
The above table has been compiled from the comprehensive Andergauge run data base and the general values can be used as an initial BHA guide.
-0.40
-0.40
-0.30
-0.50
-0.20
-0.40
-0.40
world wide basis utilise the tool above a
Undergauge Setting
n TANGENT SECTIONS
The above values account for a 1/8" undergauge motor bearing stabilizer and motor bent housings of 0.6º - 1.0º.
+0.30
+0.30
+0.30
+0.50
+0.30
+0.40
+0.30
Motor assemblies, using the Andergauge
placed above the motor, have proven to be
economical and efficient in reducing the
percentage of oriented drilling required for
inclination control. By positioning the
Andergauge above the motor, inclination
n HORIZONTAL WELLS
163/4" - 171/2"
113/4" - 121/4"
111/2" - 121/4"
Andergauge
8 - 81/2"
73/4" - 81/2"
55/8" - 6"
171/2"
121/4"
81/2"
16"
6"
5.4 5.4
The Below Motor application has been proven for stabilized straight motors. Motor manufacturers must be consulted before a bent housing is utilised.
Build / Drop Rates (º/100ft).
application of placing an adjustable
The above table has been compiled from the comprehensive Andergauge run data base and the general values can be used as an initial BHA guide.
stabilizer as a rotating Nearbit stabilizer,
Undergauge Setting
or less.
-2.50º/100ft
-2.50º/100ft
-1.0º/100ft
-1.2º/100ft
The Andergauge is placed directly above the
bit, connected to the bit box on the motor,
and is run typically 1/8" undergauge in the
6" Andergauge placed directly between 61/8" bit and a 43/4" motor with a
full gauge setting. The motor can be run
with a bearing housing stabilizer, with a third
stabilizer, spaced at 16 to 20ft; this spacing
Stabilizer
121/8"
to coincide with the mid connection on many
51/4"
First
5"
8"
dual or tandem power section motors.
53/8" - 53/4"
81/2"
57/8"
61/2"
81/2"
Example;
OPERATING
6.0 PROCEDURES
6.1
n SURFACE TESTING
Prior to running in hole the following
procedures are recommended:
1 Locking in the full gauge setting
1.1 Make up the Andergauge in the BHA
ensure that the bit is also made up
1.2 Connect kelly to the string
1.3 Idle pumps below unlocking flow rate* Lock tube does not move
1.4 Set slips on Andergauge Mandrel
1.5 Slack off 10,000lbs Mandrel is pushed into full gauge setting
1.6 Bring pumps up to drilling flow rate Lock tube moves down into collet fingers
1.7 Lift string into tension Tension acts upon mandrel
1.8 Pistons will remain in full gauge Ensures tool locked in full gauge setting
1.9 Note the stand pipe pressure reading Provides comparative value for drilling settings
2 Unlocking Andergauge from either setting into unlocked undergauge position
2.1 Lift string into tension
2.2 Reduce pumps to below locking flow* Lock tube ready to unlock
2.3 Set slips on Andergauge mandrel
2.4 Slack off 10,000lbs Lock tube released from
collet fingers; unlock
2.5 Lift string into tension. Pistons will Under tension the mandrel moves down and
retract into undergauge position tool regains OR retains undergauge position
3 Locking in the undergauge setting
3.1 Follow unlocking procedures Ensures tool is in unlocked undergauge
position
3.2 Lift string into tension Mandrel remains in tension
3.3 Bring pumps up to drilling flow rate Lock tube moves down into collet fingers
3.4 Note the stand pipe pressure reading Provides confirmation of drilling settings
3.5 Lower string; slips on mandrel or below
3.6 Slack off 10,000lbs Simulates drilling
3.7 Pistons will remain undergauge Ensures tool locked in undergauge setting
3.8 Cut pumps, make up BHA & RIH RIH with tool in undergauge setting
* Locking flow rates provided in section 8. Note: If the tool is to be gauged, this should be
Note: Pistons may not retract fully on surface; tap in undertaken at point 1.6.
gently with mallet to confirm mandrel has moved down.
The magnitude of the pressure difference between
gauge settings is detailed in section 8.
RUNNING
6.2 PROCEDURES
6.2
* locking flow rates provided in section 8. Note: On returning to the surface Pistons may be
Once drilling is established it is advisable to set the tool in both extended, despite the tool being in the unlocked
positions to establish a stand pipe pressure differential reference undergauge position. This is because of slight residual
for setting confirmation whilst drilling. This should be repeated hydrostatic pressure trapped within the tool and
periodically to counter changes due to depth, drilling parameters, therefore does not affect the down hole operation.
mud condition, etc... Such tools can be re-run.
Problem Cause Solution 7
The tool appears jammed in the full This may be because the flow rate was not reduced Go to bottom and apply maximum allowable WOB (see
gauge setting and will not return to enough, or the tool was picked off bottom before section 8). Stop pumps and ensure flow has ceased.
the undergauge setting. locking mechanism had disengaged. Pick up off bottom for 20ft. Lower the string a few feet
rapidly and apply the brake. This will jar the mandrel
down. Bring back to operational flow to lock tool in the
undergauge setting.
GUIDE
The Andergauge will not lock in the Insufficient activation WOB or locking flow too low. Increase the WOB to activate the tool, the max allowable
full gauge position. WOB is shown in section 8. Increase the locking flow rate.
The Andergauge has been set and The tool was not properly in tension when the flow rate Ensure the bit is well off bottom, reciprocate the string
locked in the undergauge setting. was increased to full operational flow and it did not lock a couple of times and apply the brake quickly.
When weight is applied to the tool it in the undergauge position. Increase the flow rate to required level to lock the tool
trips to the full gauge setting. Flow rate is insufficient to lock the tool. (see section 8).
Pressure signal diminishes or There could be a number of causes; None of the causes will affect the operation of the tool.
TROUBLE SHOOTING
disappears. increased hole depth, Perform correct procedures for setting the tool as required
aeration of the mud, and drill ahead.
fluid erosion of the pressure indicator. Monitor inclination to confirm the tool is working correctly.
follows;
Example
would be as follows;
255 - 130
Example: Pressure Loss Curves
= 125 psi
(150310) x 8.5 = 130 psi
(300310) x 8.5 = 255 psi
n HYDRAULIC SPECIFICATIONS
HYDRAULIC DATA
SPECIFICATIONS &
= 150psi
= 150 psi
Approximate full gauge pressure loss = 300 psi
For 10ppg mud weight and 250 gpm drilling
ANDERDRIFT SPECIFICATIONS
PROVEN APPLICATIONS
DRILL COLLAR SIZE 7" 8" 91/2"
• Rotary String for tangent and horizontal sections
Overall Length 128" 100" 129"
• Rotary Nearbit for tangent / ‘S’ profiles Connections 41/2" IF box/pin 65/8" Reg box/pin 75/8" Reg box/pin
• Rotary Nearbit for more aggressive horizontal response Inclination Range 0 - 5˚ 0 - 5˚ 0 - 5˚
Min. Drilling Flowrate (GPM) 300 300 300
• Above motor placement for tangent, ‘S’ profiles and
horizontal sections Survey Flowrates (GPM) 300 - 800 300 - 800 300 - 800
Min Survey Pressure Pulse (psi) 200 200 200
• Below motor placement for horizontal sections
Typical Pulse Interval 4 sec 4 sec 4 sec
TFA Drilling Position 3.87 in2 3.87 in2 3.87 in2
Max. Operating Temperature 220˚C 220˚C 220˚C
Weight (lbs) 1,275 1,400 2,850
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