Slides from TCP/IP - Forouzan

Chapter 11
UDP
• Process-to-Process Communication
• User Datagram
• Checksum
• Use of UDP
• UDP Design

Forouzan Notes COSC 6377 - Fall 2000 11-1

Figure 11-1 Position of UDP in the TCP/IP protocol suite

Application
layer SMTP FTP TFTP DNS SNMP ... BOOTP

Transport
layer TCP UDP

IGMP ICMP
Network
layer IP
ARP RARP

Data link
layer
Underlying LAN or WAN
technology
Physical
layer

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Forouzan Notes COSC 6377 - Fall 2000 11-1

 Slides from TCP/IP - Forouzan

Figure 11-2 UDP versus IP

Processes Processes
(Running application programs) (Running application programs)

... ...

Internet
Domain of IP protocol

Domain of UDP protocol

Forouzan Notes COSC 6377 - Fall 2000 11-3

Figure 11-3 Port numbers

Daytime Daytime
client server

52,000 13

UDP UDP

Data 13 52,000

13 52,000 Data

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Forouzan Notes COSC 6377 - Fall 2000 11-2

 Slides from TCP/IP - Forouzan

Figure 11-4 IP addresses versus port numbers

...
13
13 Port number
selects the process

193.14.26.7

IP header
IP address
193.14.26.7 selects the host
13
UDP header

Forouzan Notes COSC 6377 - Fall 2000 11-5

Figure 11-5 IANA ranges

Registered

0 1,023 49,152 65,535

1,024 49,151

Well-known Dynamic

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Forouzan Notes COSC 6377 - Fall 2000 11-3

 Slides from TCP/IP - Forouzan

Figure 11-6 Socket address

IP address Port number

200.23.56.8 69

200.23.56.8 69
Socket address

Forouzan Notes COSC 6377 - Fall 2000 11-7

Figure 11-7 User datagram format

8 bytes

Header Data

Source port number Destination port number

16 bits 16 bits
Total length Checksum
16 bits 16 bits

Forouzan Notes COSC 6377 - Fall 2000 11-8

Forouzan Notes COSC 6377 - Fall 2000 11-4

 Slides from TCP/IP - Forouzan

Figure 11-8 Pseudoheader added to the UDP datagram

redaehoduesP
32-bit source IP address

32-bit destination IP address

All 0s 8-bit protocol 16-bit UDP total length

(17)
Source port address Destination port address
redaeH

16 bits 16 bits
UDP total length Checksum
16 bits 16 bits

Data
(Padding must be added to make the data a multiple of 16 bits)

Forouzan Notes COSC 6377 - Fall 2000 11-9

Figure 11-9 Checksum calculation of a simple UDP user datagram

10011001 00010010 153.18

00001000 01101001 8.105
10101011 00000010 171.2
153.18.8.105 00001110 00001010 14.10
00000000 00010001 0 and 17
171.2.14.10 00000000 00001111 15
All 0s 17 15 00000100 00111111 1087
00000000 00001101 13
1087 13 00000000 00001111 15
00000000 00000000 0 (checksum)
15 All 0s 01010100 01000101 T and E
T E S T 01010011 01010100 S and T
01001001 01001110 I and N
I N G All 0s 01000111 00000000 G and 0 (padding)
10010110 11101011 Sum
01101001 00010100 Checksum

Forouzan Notes COSC 6377 - Fall 2000 11-10

Forouzan Notes COSC 6377 - Fall 2000 11-5

 Slides from TCP/IP - Forouzan

Figure 11-10 Encapsulation and decapsulation

Process Process

Message from process Message to process

UDP UDP
header UDP data header UDP data

IP IP
header IP data header IP data

Frame Frame
header Frame data header Frame data

a. Encapsulation b. Decapsulation

Forouzan Notes COSC 6377 - Fall 2000 11-11

Figure 11-11 Queues in UDP

Daytime Daytime
client server

Outgoing Incoming Outgoing Incoming

queue queue queue queue

Port 52000 Port 13

UDP UDP

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Forouzan Notes COSC 6377 - Fall 2000 11-6

 Slides from TCP/IP - Forouzan

Figure 11-12 Multiplexing and demultiplexing

Processes Processes

UDP UDP
(Multiplexer) (Demultiplexer)

IP IP

Forouzan Notes COSC 6377 - Fall 2000 11-13

Figure 11-13 UDP design

Process Process Process

Processes
(when started)
Data Data

U Control-block
D Queues
module
P Data

Input module Control-block Output module

table

IP
UDP UDP
User datagram User datagram

Forouzan Notes COSC 6377 - Fall 2000 11-14

Forouzan Notes COSC 6377 - Fall 2000 11-7