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    Bonger Theory

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    Ibban Javid
    Willem Bonger believed crime is socially caused and a normal response to economic and social conditions like capitalism. He argued that capitalism promotes selfishness and competition over resources, creating an unequal distribution of wealth and increasing crime. Specifically, he asserted that periods of economic depression under capitalism lead to unemployment, poverty, and more property and violent crimes committed by the poor out of need or sense of injustice.

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    Bonger Theory

    Uploaded by

    Ibban Javid
    729 views2 pages
    Willem Bonger believed crime is socially caused and a normal response to economic and social conditions like capitalism. He argued that capitalism promotes selfishness and competition over resources, creating an unequal distribution of wealth and increasing crime. Specifically, he asserted that periods of economic depression under capitalism lead to unemployment, poverty, and more property and violent crimes committed by the poor out of need or sense of injustice.

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    Willem Bonger believed crime is socially caused and a normal response to economic and social conditions like capitalism. He argued that capitalism promotes selfishness and competition over resources, creating an unequal distribution of wealth and increasing crime. Specifically, he asserted that periods of economic depression under capitalism lead to unemployment, poverty, and more property and violent crimes committed by the poor out of need or sense of injustice.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    729 views2 pages

    Bonger Theory

    Uploaded by

    Ibban Javid
    Willem Bonger believed crime is socially caused and a normal response to economic and social conditions like capitalism. He argued that capitalism promotes selfishness and competition over resources, creating an unequal distribution of wealth and increasing crime. Specifically, he asserted that periods of economic depression under capitalism lead to unemployment, poverty, and more property and violent crimes committed by the poor out of need or sense of injustice.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
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    Willem Bonger’s Theory

    Dutch criminologist Willem Bonger believed in a causal link between crime and economic
    and social conditions. He asserted that crime is social in origin and a normal response to
    prevailing cultural conditions.

    He stated that the modern age is a period of capitalistic economy Bonger concluded that
    capitalism was one of the potential causes of criminality because the system created an
    atmosphere for promoting selfish tendencies in men.

    In more primitive societies, he contended that survival requires more selfless altruism within
    the community. As Capitalism emerged, there were social forces of competition and wealth,
    resulting in an unequal distribution of resources, avarice and individualism. Once self-interest
    and more egoistic impulses assert themselves, crime emerges. The poor would commit crime
    out of need or out of a sense of injustice.

    OBSERVATIONS:

    1.) He prepared a statistical data and demonstrated that almost 79 per cent of the
    criminals belong to non-profitable class. Dr. Bonger made a detailed study of the
    economic literature of whole Europe and concluded that crimes relating to
    property such as theft, stealing, robbery, dacoity, house-breaking etc. record an
    abnormal increase during the periods of depression when the prices are high.
    2.) The capitalist resort to hoarding and monopolistic trends thus creating artificial
    scarcity and consequent rise in prices. This in turn stops production which
    ultimately leads to unemployment of labor, as a result of which offences such as
    alcoholism, vagrancy, beggary, assault, violence, etc. record an upward trend.
    3.) In an economic system based on capitalism, economic cycles of inflation and
    deflation are frequent. Inflation gives rise to bankruptcy and insolvency with the
    result the persons affected thereby are forced to lead an anti-social life and some
    of them may even resort to criminality.
    4.) Another peculiar feature of capitalistic economy is the competitive tendency
    among entrepreneurs. Efficiency, low-production cost and better quality of
    products are some of the admirable results of competitive economy. But when
    these efforts fail to meet the competition, unlawful devices such as violation of
    laws relating to trade marks, copyright, patents etc., are committed by the
    manufacturers. This gives rise to increase in crime rate.
    5.) There is yet another danger of the capitalistic economy which contributes to
    enormous increase in crimes. The employment of children and women furnishes
    soothing ground for criminality despite effective legislative restriction banning
    their improper utilization in industrial establishments.

    It has been rightly observed that employment of children as labor is in itself a potential cause
    for crimes because a child who earns his wages does not know how to spend it usefully.
    Consequently, he is apt to spend his money on undesirable items such as smoking, gambling,
    drinking, staking, womanizing and so on, which ultimately drag him into the criminal World.

    The employment of women also has a demoralizing effect on children. With the outdoor
    occupational activities of mothers, the children are not properly looked after. The lack of
    parental care and control over children in homes may detract them from righteous path.

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