Part 3 Engineer Training Series-Guyed Towers - FULLERTON
Part 3 Engineer Training Series-Guyed Towers - FULLERTON
Part 3 Engineer Training Series-Guyed Towers - FULLERTON
Part 3
Objective: Understand, Confirm, and Explore ... Past and Most Unique Practices
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efforts for each of the following structure types:
(1) Monopole
(2) Self Supporter
(3) Guyed Tower
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Maximum Height, Most Ground space required,
Great loading Capacity & Mainly in Rural area
Part Three – Why use a Guyed Tower ?
Guyed Tower
Guyed towers are the tallest
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A tall thin vertical structure that depends on guy lines for stability. The mast itself
has the compressive strength to support its own weight, but usually does not have
the shear strength to stand unsupported.
The main advantage of Guying is that it is cheaper than building a completely free-
standing tower, which can withstand the same force.
Further, it allows for very easy upgrading of existing structures. The disadvantage
of additional Guying is that it requires much more ground space.
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Or... the Tower is used to carry a lot of
The Tower is the antenna and antennas and equipment .
often is grouped with other similar Vertical Real Estate !
towers
Part 3 – Guyed Tower – Vertical Real Estate
Guyed Towers
• Typical Parts & Pieces
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(Structure & Accessories)
• Manufactures
• Foundations
• Assembly and Erection
• Maintenance
70% of the photos used in this material are from actual projects and referenced by customer & site.
Project drawings and costs information is available upon request. [email protected]
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The Tower Section
Guyed Tower - Typical Parts
Guyed Tower - Base Sections
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The Tapered tower base is the most
common for the wireless industry
Guyed Tower Section Types – Welded
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Guyed Tower Section Types – Bolted
Bolt-together Structures
Manufactured in 20' and 30' sections and
vary from 3' to 12' face widths. These are
typically assembled on-site. This type is
normally for large structures and can be
designed up to 2,000' height.
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Bolt-Together are the most common
Bolt on horizontals
and diagonals
bracing.
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The Tower Legs
Guyed Tower - Legs
Guyed Tower - Typical Legs
Hollow Round legs
Angle legs
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Tubular legs
(Steel Pipe) are
Solid Round legs
actively sold and
manufactured for
the international
market thru Rohn
Bracing Designs
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Horizontals & Diagonals
(solid rod, tubular, flat bar or angle)
Guyed Tower - Bracing type and design
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Guyed Tower - Typical Parts
The Connection
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Section to Section
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(old Grasis /Andrew tower)
Guy Wire Connection – Guy Levels
Guy level
#3
Guy level
#2 Based on the design of the tower, guy
levels can be a single attachment from
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the tower leg to the guy anchor , or a
dual attachment from the tower face
Dual pull using a torque stabilizer (shown in
off upcoming slides)
Guy level
#1
Anchor
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Guyed Tower – Typical Anchor (Ground connection)
Guyed Tower Ground Connection – Anchor Detail
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Guyed Tower Air Connection – Typical
Single Guy connection from the tower
Same parts on
this end as well:
Preform
Thimble
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Crosby Shackle
Old style
“johnny ball”
shackle with a
popped thimble
(useless)
Guyed Wire Connection – Torque Stabilizer
Dual guy connections (2) at the same guy level is accomplished with a Torque
Stabilizer. This approach prevents twist and sway (movement ) because the pull is
from the face and goes to two different anchor points
Point to Point
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Microwave
antennas require
less movement to
stay on path
(aligned signal
strength)
Guyed Tower - Connections Recap
2 guy wires from the same guy level
Per guy level , The guy pull off will have one guy wire to each of the three anchor.
The Torque stabilizer will have two guy wires that go to two of the three guys anchors
pulling from the face vs the leg. This approach increases the number of guy wires to
each of the anchors.
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1 guy wire per level
Interior climbing
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Or
Guyed Tower - Climbing: What you see less of...
• Step Bolts (leg) Only on Towers 750+’ and
taller may have elevators .
Step bolts - angle • Elevator (Broadcast These towers also includes
or round tower towers) climbing ladder and rest
leg
platforms
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Manufacture
Guyed Tower - By Who
Guyed Tower – Manufactures: Who and Where
Is now
Plymouth IN Valley NE
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Sioux City IA
Ft Worth TX
Fremont IN
Peoria IL
South Bend IN
Newburg IN
Lansdale PA
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Accessories
Mounts
&
Guyed Tower Typical Parts
Guyed Tower - Typical Parts
1. Mounts
A. Three-sectored mounting frame
B. Side Arm mounts
C. Pipe mounts
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2. Cable Support System
A. waveguide ladder
B. Cluster & T Brackets
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mounts
Sector
Mount
Stand-Off Mount
with
tie back
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Tee Brackets or Cluster Bracket
Guyed Tower – #3 Lighting Systems – Reference
FAA Marking for structures over 200’ or near Airport zone.
Red light flashing requires FAA Orange White paint bands
Strobe requires lights only (day night operations)
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Guyed Tower – #3 Lighting Systems
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Medium Intensity
White Strobe
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Guyed Tower Foundations - Guyed Anchors
Tower layout with
Standard Dead-man Anchor – Min of 3 3 anchors
per tower with as many as 9 total (inner,
center and outer positions)
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Non Standard Dead-man Anchor
Guyed Tower Foundations - Center Pier
Pad & Pier
foundation
Excavating
the area
Based on
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size
continuous
pour is
possible
Center Pier
Rebar
positioned
on blocks
for proper
separation
ATC – Carbon IN
Guyed Tower Foundations - Dead-man Anchor
Clean hole
walls holding
well - T shape
design for
anchor rod
support
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ATC – Carbon IN
Guyed Tower - Guyed Anchor Installation
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Concrete Poured to proper level
ATC – Carbon IN
Guyed Tower Anchor – Pour Soil Conditions
Not a clean hole (walls collapsed) - required
engineered steel casing & oversizing of
anchor block due to poor soil conditions
Walls collapsing
requiring forming of
anchor and soil
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bearing confirmation
CCI – Marshalltown IA
Standard & Non Standard Guyed tower Anchor
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Standard Anchor with stone and
fencing in open farm field
SBA - Breckenridge MN
Belknap MI – 300’ Guyed tower with elevated anchor
Guyed Tower – Offload, Assembly & Erection
Offload
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Assembly & Erection
Guyed Tower – Offload & Assembly
Welded sections require more trailer space but the consistent section size makes
it easy to stack (Erect)
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Guyed Tower – Offload & Assembly
Bolted sections can easily be transported but require much more assembly time
on site prior easy to erecting
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This tower was factory painted to be FAA compliant prior to shipping to site.
Guyed Tower – Layout & Guy Wire Cut Lengths
7 strand Galvanized Steel Wire is the most common Guy Wire used.
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Tool
Guy Wire cutters
Guyed Tower Assembly
Welded sections are bolted together 2 – 3 section (next guy level) for Crane lift
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Cut guy wire lengths
Lights and accessories
are attached Mounts are assembled
attached
Guyed Tower Erection – Using Cranes
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attached to sections
being raised.
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Trailer is secured to
the trees with a
cable
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erection of the tower.
Skid winch
Load and
Jump
blocks at
base of
tower
Guyed Tower Erection (small towers & rooftops)
On smaller structures , smaller winch and gin poles are used
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Capstan
winch
with foot
switch is
used with
rope to
raise Some devices are easy to handle
equipment
Guyed Tower - Typical Service
Maintenance
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Up and Down
(Lots to do)
Guyed Tower Maintenance – 5+ areas
Basic maintenance covers 5+ areas: Most towers are marked
with an identity tag/plate
1. Plumb & Tension that references ownership,
2. Tower Surface condition (Galvanizing) manufacture and drawings
3. Guy Anchor Shaft & Surface condition
4. Guy Wire Surface condition
5. Weed & Growth control
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6. FAA marking (Paint and lights) if required Sample
7. Confirm no lose bolts & equipment (tight) tower
plates
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Precision with respect to plumb,
Example of 2
tension, and twist is vital for maximizing
positions to check if
the lifespan of each guyed tower.
tower is straight
(plumb)
Cable Come-along
2 ton with 20’ of cable
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Dillon (Dynamometer) used to measure
tension
Chicago Grip
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Quick-Check
Tension Meter
Guy Wire – Sample Guy Tension Chart
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Horvath Com – Wayne KS
Guyed Tower – Corrosion Rust Inside Out
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date, Rohn has not had the experience of a
single ROHN structure suffering from internal
corrosion, starting from the inside out, and
causing a structural failure.
http://m.rohnproducts.com/technical-
info/corrosion-rust-inside-out.html
Guyed Tower Anchor Care - Concern for Corrosion
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corrosion or rusting.
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In this photo
you can see
that the
galvanizing has
failed on the
guy wires,
preforms and
turnbuckles
Guyed Tower – Guy Wire and Accessories – Rust
This much rust and deterioration on the
exposed galvanized surfaces clearly raises
concern on the condition of the actual
guy anchor shafts that are below the
earth
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Rust clearly has
damaged the
thimble that
separates the
turnbuckle and
preform
Guyed Tower Maintenance – weed control
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and complete compound
Maintenance – FAA Marking (Painting)
The FAA has strict guidelines for marking structures over
200’. When specific zoning requirements prevent a tower
owners from using strobe lights, painting the Orange & White
bands on the tower become required. Repainting is a natural
occurrence every 5 – 7 years .
Fade chart is used to
determine if paint condition is
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compliant
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Top & mid
point
Beacon bulb
replacement Vertical visual inspection inside and
outside of tower
• Least expensive
• Requires The Most Area
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• Tallest Heights
• Highest Maintenance
• FAA Marking almost always
• Easiest to Upgrade
Specialized Suppliers & Resources
www.primuselectronics.com www.wirelessestimator.com
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www.sabretowersandpoles.com
www.valmont.com/valmont-
structures/products/wireless-communication
www.anchorguard.com/flow_charts.cfm
www.us-instrument.com