Presentation Information Yasser Arafat

FULL NAME
Mohammed Yasser AbdelRahmanAbdelRaouf Arafat al-Qudwa al-Husseini

Father :AbdelRaouf al-Qudwa al-Husseini
Mother :ZahwaAbulSaud
Brother: Fathi Arafat

Sisters: Inam Arafat, Khadija Arafat
Wife:Suha Arafat
Daugther:Zahwa Arafat
Born in Cairo, Egypt, in 1929, Yasser Arafat was sent to live with his mother’s brother
in Jerusalem when his mother died in 1933. After spending four years in Jerusalem,
Arafat returned to Cairo to be with his father, with whom Arafat never had close ties.
(Arafat did not attend his father's 1952 funeral.)
In Cairo, while still a teenager, Arafat began smuggling weapons to Palestine to be used
against the Jews and British, the latter of which had an administrative role in the
Palestinian lands. Playing a part that he would inhabit his entire life, Arafat left the
University of Faud I (later Cairo University) to fight against the Jews during the 1948
Arab-Israeli War, which resulted in the establishment of the state of Israel when the
Jews prevailed.Later he applied for a visa to study at the University of Texas.
Recovering his dream of an independent Palestinian homeland, he returned to Faud
University to major in engineering (civil engineer) but spent most of his time as leader
of the Palestinian students.
He did manage to get his degree in 1956, worked briefly in Egypt, then resettled in
Kuwait, first being employed in the department of public works, next successfully
running his own contracting firm.He spent all his spare time in political activities, to
which he contributed most of the profits.
Fatah
In 1958, Arafat and some associates founded Al-Fatah, an underground network that
advocated armed resistance against Israel. By the mid-1960s, the group had congealed
enough that Arafat left Kuwait, becoming a full-time revolutionary and staging raids
into Israel.
The year 1964 was seminal for Arafat, marking the founding of the Palestine Liberation
Organization (PLO), which brought together a number of groups working toward a free
Palestinian state. Three years later, the Six-Day War erupted, with Israel once again
pitted against the Arab states. Once again, Israel prevailed, and in the aftermath Arafat’s
Fatah gained control of the PLO when he became the chairman of the PLO executive
committee in 1969.
The PLO
Moving operations to Jordan, Arafat continued to develop the PLO. Eventually expelled
by King Hussein, however, Arafat moved the PLO to Lebanon, and PLO-driven
bombings, shootings and assassinations against Israel and its concerns were
commonplace events, both locally and regionally, notably with the 1972 murder of
Israeli athletes at the Munich Olympic Games. The PLO was driven out of Lebanon in
the early 1980s, and Arafat soon after launched the intifada ("tremor") protest
movement against Israel occupation of the West Bank and Gaza Strip. The intifada was
marked by continual violence in the streets with Israeli retaliation.
He surviving any assassination attempts by Israeli intelligence agencies, and

recovering from a serious stroke.
Peace on the Horizon?
The year 1988 marked a change for Arafat and the PLO, when Arafat gave a speech at
the United Nations declaring that all involved parties could live together in peace. The
resulting peace process led to the Oslo Accords of 1993, which allowed for Palestinian
self-rule and elections in the Palestinian territory (in which Arafat was elected
president).
In 1994, Arafat and Israel’s Shimon Peres and Yitzhak Rabin all received the
Nobel Prize for Peace, and the following year they signed a new agreement,
Oslo II, which laid the foundation for a string of peace treaties between the PLO
and Israeli, including the Hebron Protocol (1997), the Wye River Memorandum
(1998), the Camp David Accords (2000) and the "roadmap for peace" (2002).
Later Years
Regardless of treaties and the best-laid plans between the two parties, peace
was always elusive, and, after issuing a second intifada in 2000 and the terrorist
attacks of September 11, 2001, Arafat was confined by Israel to his
headquarters in Ramallah.
In October 2004, Arafat fell ill with flulike symptoms and, his situation
worsening, was transported to Paris, France, for medical treatment. He died
there the following month, on November 11.
In the years since his death, conspiracy theories regarding the true cause of
Arafat's demise have abounded, many holding Israel responsible.In November
2013, Swiss researchers released a report containing evidence suggesting that
his death was the result of poisoning.
1st President of the Palestinian National Authority
In office
5 July 1994 – 11 November 2004
 Mahmoud Abbas
Prime Minister
 Ahmed Qurei
Succeededby RawhiFattouh (interim)

3rd Chairman of the Palestine Liberation Organization
In office
4 February 1969 – 29 October 2004
Preceded by YahyaHammuda
Succeededby Mahmoud Abbas
Profession Civil engineer
Politicalparty Fatah
Professioncivil engineer

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FULL NAME

Mohammed Yasser AbdelRahmanAbdelRaouf Arafat al-Qudwa al-Husseini

Brother: Fathi Arafat

He surviving any assassination attempts by Israeli intelligence agencies, and

5 July 1994 – 11 November 2004

Succeededby RawhiFattouh (interim)

4 February 1969 – 29 October 2004

Succeededby Mahmoud Abbas

Profession Civil engineer

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