Cambridge Assessment International Education

Cambridge International General Certificate of Secondary Education

* 7 1 2 9 5 3 1 1 9 2 *

COMBINED SCIENCE 0653/31

Paper 3 (Core) October/November 2019
1 hour 15 minutes
Candidates answer on the Question Paper.
No Additional Materials are required.

READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST

Write your centre number, candidate number and name on all the work you hand in.
Write in dark blue or black pen.
You may use an HB pencil for any diagrams or graphs.
Do not use staples, paper clips, glue or correction fluid.
DO NOT WRITE IN ANY BARCODES.

Answer all questions.

Electronic calculators may be used.
You may lose marks if you do not show your working or if you do not use appropriate units.
A copy of the Periodic Table is printed on page 24.

At the end of the examination, fasten all your work securely together.
The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question.

This document consists of 22 printed pages and 2 blank pages.

DC (SC/TP) 176923/3
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1 (a) Fig. 1.1 shows diagrams of cells as they are seen under a light microscope. They are not
drawn to scale.

cell A cell B

cell C cell D

Fig. 1.1

(i) State the letters of two plant cells shown in Fig. 1.1.

.................................................. and .................................................. [1]

(ii) Give two reasons for your answer to (i).

1. .......................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

2. .......................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................
[2]

(iii) Name cell A shown in Fig. 1.1 and state its function.

cell A .................................................................................................................................

function of cell A ................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................
[2]

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(b) Fig. 1.2 shows a simplified diagram of some body cells surrounded by capillaries.

Substances in the blood can reach the body cells by moving out of the capillaries.

F
body cell
thin capillary wall

direction of blood flow

Fig. 1.2

(i) Name the part of the blood labelled F.

..................................................................................................................................... [1]

(ii) Small molecules move from the blood in the capillaries to the body cells.

Underline two substances that move from the blood in the capillaries to the body cells.

fat glucose glycogen oxygen starch

[2]

(iii) Complete the sentences.

Carbon dioxide is produced in body cells by the process of

........................................................ .

Carbon dioxide is removed from the blood in the ........................................................ .

[2]

[Total: 10]

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2 (a) Element A is in Group III in the Periodic Table.

Element B is in Group VII in the Periodic Table.

Elements A and B are in the same period in the Periodic Table.

(i) Suggest which element, A or B, has more metallic character.

Explain your answer.

element ..................

explanation ........................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................
[1]

(ii) Element C is below element B in Group VII.

Suggest which element, B or C, has:

a darker colour ..................

a lower boiling point. ..................

[1]

(b) Element D is a monoatomic gas that is used to provide an inert atmosphere.

Element E has a high density and is often used as a catalyst.

State the group number or the name of the collection of elements for elements D and E in the
Periodic Table.

element D .................................................................................................................................

element E .................................................................................................................................
[2]

(c) A student adds excess copper oxide powder to dilute sulfuric acid to make copper sulfate and
one other product.

(i) Complete the word equation for the reaction between copper oxide and dilute sulfuric
acid.

+ +

[2]

(ii) Explain why copper oxide is added in excess.

...........................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................... [1]

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(iii) The type of chemical bond that forms between copper and oxygen is the same as the
type of chemical bond that forms between sodium and chlorine.

State this type of chemical bond.

Use ideas about electrons to explain how these bonds form.

bond ..................................................................................................................................

explanation ........................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................
[2]

[Total: 9]

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3 Fig. 3.1 shows how a small hydroelectric power station is used to supply electricity.

dam

power lines
to house house
water
lake generator

river
pipe

turbine

Fig. 3.1

(a) The flowing water turns the turbine (a type of waterwheel), which then turns the generator.

Use words from the list to complete the sequence of energy changes that take place.

Each word may be used once, more than once or not at all.

chemical elastic electrical gravitational

kinetic light sound thermal

........................................ potential energy of water in the lake

........................................ energy of flowing water in the pipe

........................................ energy of the turning turbine and generator

........................................ energy in the power lines.

[3]

(b) In a house, the electricity is used to power a television set.

The aerial for the television set receives one type of electromagnetic wave.

The television set emits a different type of electromagnetic wave.

Fig. 3.2 shows the electromagnetic spectrum.

gamma
X-rays ultraviolet visible light infrared microwaves radio waves
radiation

Fig. 3.2

(i) Name the type of electromagnetic wave received by the aerial.

..................................................................................................................................... [1]
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(ii) Name the type of electromagnetic wave emitted by the television set.

..................................................................................................................................... [1]

(c) A man in the house is listening to music on the television.

Fig. 3.3 shows the sound waves coming from three different instruments, A, B and C, playing
musical notes at the same time.

time

time

time

Fig. 3.3

(i) State which instrument was playing the note with the highest pitch.

Explain your answer.

instrument ...................................................

explanation ........................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................
[1]

(ii) State which instrument was playing the loudest note.

Explain your answer.

instrument ...................................................

explanation ........................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................
[1]
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(iii) The man says he could hear two of the notes, but not the one with the lowest frequency.

Suggest a value for the frequency that the man could not hear. State the unit of frequency
in your answer.

frequency = ...................................... unit ...................................... [2]

(iv) Give a reason for your answer to (iii).

...........................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................... [1]

[Total: 10]

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4 (a) Plants need water to survive.

(i) State two functions of water in plants.

1. ...............................................................................................................................................

2. ...............................................................................................................................................
[2]

(ii) Fig. 4.1 shows the pathway taken by water through a plant.

Use words from the list to complete the pathway.

Each word may be used once, more than once or not at all.

cortex cuticle mesophyll

middle phloem skin xylem

soil

root hair cell

root ................................ cells

................................ in the stem

................................ cells in the leaf

Fig. 4.1
[3]

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(b) Plants show growth responses to different stimuli.

The plant shown in Fig. 4.2 is placed on its side in the dark. It is observed over the next few
days.

plant
pot

placed on its side in the dark

Fig. 4.2

Fig. 4.3 shows the appearance of the plant after a few days in the dark.

after a few days in the dark

Fig. 4.3

Name the response shown by the plant in Fig. 4.3.

............................................................................................................................................. [1]

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(c) One of the roots of the plant shown in Fig. 4.3 starts to grow out of a hole in the bottom of the
plant pot.

(i) On Fig. 4.4 continue the diagram of the root to show the direction of growth. [1]

plant pot

root growing through plant pot

Fig. 4.4

(ii) Explain your answer in (i).

...........................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................... [1]

(d) Explain why a plant will eventually die if it is left in the dark.

...................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................. [1]

[Total: 9]

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5 (a) Some of the apparatus a student uses to investigate the rate of reaction between a piece of
zinc and dilute hydrochloric acid is shown in Fig. 5.1.

thermometer

beaker
dilute hydrochloric acid

piece of zinc

Fig. 5.1

(i) Identify the gas formed in the reaction between zinc and dilute hydrochloric acid.

..................................................................................................................................... [1]

(ii) Suggest the change in the pH of the mixture in the beaker during this reaction.

..................................................................................................................................... [1]

(iii) Describe the effect of increasing the temperature on the rate of this reaction.

..................................................................................................................................... [1]

(iv) The experiment is repeated using the same mass of zinc powder instead of the piece of
zinc.

Describe how this change affects the rate of the reaction.

..................................................................................................................................... [1]

(b) Zinc oxide is heated with carbon.

Reduction occurs during the reaction.

The reaction is endothermic.

(i) State what is meant by reduction.

...........................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................... [1]

(ii) State what is meant by endothermic.

...........................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................... [1]

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(c) Complete Fig. 5.2 by drawing one straight line from each gas to the test for that gas.

gas test

use damp red

ammonia
litmus paper

carbon dioxide use a glowing splint

oxygen use limewater

Fig. 5.2
[2]

[Total: 8]

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6 Table 6.1 gives some data about the planets Earth, Mars and Venus.

Table 6.1

Earth Mars Venus

surface
15 °C – 63 °C 462 °C
temperature
average distance
150 × 106 km 225 × 106 km 108 × 106 km
from the Sun
time for one orbit
365 days 687 days 225 days
around the Sun

(a) (i) Use Table 6.1 to deduce which of these planets could have liquid water on the surface.

..................................................................................................................................... [1]

(ii) Use data from Table 6.1 to explain your answer to (i).

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................... [2]

(b) (i) State the method of thermal energy transfer from the Sun to these planets.

...........................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................... [1]

(ii) Explain why other methods of energy transfer cannot transfer thermal energy from the
Sun to these planets.

...........................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................... [1]

(c) The Earth travels a distance of 940 million kilometres in one orbit around the Sun.

Use data from Table 6.1 to calculate the speed in kilometres / hour (km / h) at which the Earth
travels around the Sun.

Show your working.

speed = ............................................... km / h [3]

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(d) At the Earth’s surface the Sun’s energy is not usually sufficient to start a fire.

If the Sun’s rays are focused by a lens, they can cause a fire.

On Fig. 6.1, complete the ray diagram to show how a lens can focus the Sun’s rays and set
fire to some dry grass.

You should draw two complete rays.

rays from
the Sun

lens

dry grass

Fig. 6.1
[2]

[Total: 10]

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7 (a) Fig. 7.1 shows information about the organisms in a food chain.

grass – producer owl – tertiary consumer

cricket – primary consumer frog – secondary consumer

Fig. 7.1

(i) Write down the food chain using the information in Fig. 7.1.

..................................................................................................................................... [2]

(ii) Define the term producer.

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................... [2]

(b) Explain why chemical digestion is needed in the alimentary canals of consumers.

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................. [2]

(c) (i) State why deforestation can disrupt the food chains in a forest.

...........................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................... [1]

(ii) State one other harmful effect of deforestation.

..................................................................................................................................... [1]

[Total: 8]

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8 (a) The hydrocarbons in petroleum are separated into useful products using the process shown
in Fig. 8.1.

refinery gas

gasoline

naphtha

gas oil

petroleum

bitumen

Fig. 8.1

(i) Name this process.

..................................................................................................................................... [1]

(ii) State what is meant by hydrocarbon.

...........................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................... [2]

(iii) State one use for naphtha.

..................................................................................................................................... [1]

(b) When hydrocarbons burn, they may produce carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide and water.

(i) Describe one test to show the presence of water.

State the positive result.

test ....................................................................................................................................

result .................................................................................................................................
[2]

(ii) Describe one adverse effect of carbon monoxide on humans.

...........................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................... [1]

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(iii) Suggest the percentage of carbon dioxide in clean air.

percentage = ..................................................... % [1]

(iv) Using your knowledge of the amounts of other gases in clean air, explain your answer
to (iii).

...........................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................... [1]

[Total: 9]

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9 (a) Fig. 9.1 shows a circuit diagram.

heater

Fig. 9.1

On Fig. 9.1, add a suitable meter to measure the e.m.f. of the battery. [2]

(b) The current in a heater circuit is 10.0 A.

Select from the list below the correct rating for a fuse to use in this circuit.

Put a circle around your choice.

3A 5A 10 A 13 A [1]

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(c) Fig. 9.2 shows a heater fixed to a wall in a room.

wall

heater

floor

Fig. 9.2

On Fig. 9.2 draw arrows to show the direction in which air flows from the heater as the air is
heated. [1]

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(d) On Fig. 9.3, complete the circuit by adding:

• a lamp in parallel with the motor

• a variable resistor to change the current through the motor, but not through the
lamp.

a.c. supply

motor

Fig. 9.3
[3]

[Total: 7]

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Permission to reproduce items where third-party owned material protected by copyright is included has been sought and cleared where possible. Every
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publisher will be pleased to make amends at the earliest possible opportunity.

To avoid the issue of disclosure of answer-related information to candidates, all copyright acknowledgements are reproduced online in the Cambridge
Assessment International Education Copyright Acknowledgements Booklet. This is produced for each series of examinations and is freely available to download
at www.cambridgeinternational.org after the live examination series.

Cambridge Assessment International Education is part of the Cambridge Assessment Group. Cambridge Assessment is the brand name of the University of
Cambridge Local Examinations Syndicate (UCLES), which itself is a department of the University of Cambridge.

© UCLES 2019 0653/31/O/N/19

 The Periodic Table of Elements
Group

© UCLES 2019
I II III IV V VI VII VIII
1 2

H He
hydrogen helium
Key 1 4
3 4 atomic number 5 6 7 8 9 10

Li Be atomic symbol B C N O F Ne
lithium beryllium name boron carbon nitrogen oxygen fluorine neon
7 9 relative atomic mass 11 12 14 16 19 20
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18

Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar
sodium magnesium aluminium silicon phosphorus sulfur chlorine argon
23 24 27 28 31 32 35.5 40
19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36
K Ca Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se Br Kr
potassium calcium scandium titanium vanadium chromium manganese iron cobalt nickel copper zinc gallium germanium arsenic selenium bromine krypton
39 40 45 48 51 52 55 56 59 59 64 65 70 73 75 79 80 84
37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54

Rb Sr Y Zr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te I Xe
24

rubidium strontium yttrium zirconium niobium molybdenum technetium ruthenium rhodium palladium silver cadmium indium tin antimony tellurium iodine xenon
85 88 89 91 93 96 – 101 103 106 108 112 115 119 122 128 127 131
55 56 57–71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86

0653/31/O/N/19
lanthanoids
Cs Ba Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg Tl Pb Bi Po At Rn
caesium barium hafnium tantalum tungsten rhenium osmium iridium platinum gold mercury thallium lead bismuth polonium astatine radon
133 137 178 181 184 186 190 192 195 197 201 204 207 209 – – –
87 88 89–103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 114 116
actinoids
Fr Ra Rf Db Sg Bh Hs Mt Ds Rg Cn Fl Lv
francium radium rutherfordium dubnium seaborgium bohrium hassium meitnerium darmstadtium roentgenium copernicium flerovium livermorium
– – – – – – – – – – – – –

57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71
lanthanoids La Ce Pr Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu
lanthanum cerium praseodymium neodymium promethium samarium europium gadolinium terbium dysprosium holmium erbium thulium ytterbium lutetium
139 140 141 144 – 150 152 157 159 163 165 167 169 173 175
89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103
actinoids Ac Th Pa U Np Pu Am Cm Bk Cf Es Fm Md No Lr
actinium thorium protactinium uranium neptunium plutonium americium curium berkelium californium einsteinium fermium mendelevium nobelium lawrencium
– 232 231 238 – – – – – – – – – – –

The volume of one mole of any gas is 24 dm3 at room temperature and pressure (r.t.p.).