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    Common Questions IGCSE Physics - Version 1

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    RidwanAbrar
    The document provides a list of 17 broad physics topics with descriptions, including terminal velocity, nuclear reactors, nuclear fission, loudspeakers, electromagnetic induction, transformers, carbon dating, convection, conduction, and the alpha scattering experiment. It also acknowledges two individuals for their contributions to compiling the list of topics and providing a YouTube link. The topics cover concepts in mechanics, electricity, nuclear physics, and thermal physics.

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    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Common Questions IGCSE Physics - Version 1

    Uploaded by

    RidwanAbrar
    520 views3 pages
    The document provides a list of 17 broad physics topics with descriptions, including terminal velocity, nuclear reactors, nuclear fission, loudspeakers, electromagnetic induction, transformers, carbon dating, convection, conduction, and the alpha scattering experiment. It also acknowledges two individuals for their contributions to compiling the list of topics and providing a YouTube link. The topics cover concepts in mechanics, electricity, nuclear physics, and thermal physics.

    Original Description:

    List of common questions and their answers to support with IGCSE Physics (Edexcel)

    Original Title

    Common Questions IGCSE Physics- Version 1

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    The document provides a list of 17 broad physics topics with descriptions, including terminal velocity, nuclear reactors, nuclear fission, loudspeakers, electromagnetic induction, transformers, carbon dating, convection, conduction, and the alpha scattering experiment. It also acknowledges two individuals for their contributions to compiling the list of topics and providing a YouTube link. The topics cover concepts in mechanics, electricity, nuclear physics, and thermal physics.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    520 views3 pages

    Common Questions IGCSE Physics - Version 1

    Uploaded by

    RidwanAbrar
    The document provides a list of 17 broad physics topics with descriptions, including terminal velocity, nuclear reactors, nuclear fission, loudspeakers, electromagnetic induction, transformers, carbon dating, convection, conduction, and the alpha scattering experiment. It also acknowledges two individuals for their contributions to compiling the list of topics and providing a YouTube link. The topics cover concepts in mechanics, electricity, nuclear physics, and thermal physics.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 3

    Youtube:

    1. Science with Hazel: ​https://youtu.be/P8M5MBrQFlg


    2.

    List of topics of broad questions:


    1. Terminal velocity (5 marks)
    When an object falls through air/liquid, at first the weight of the object is greater than the
    opposing force i.e. air resistance. So the object accelerates downward. As the object
    falls, air resistance increases and at any moment of time, the air resistance balances the
    weight of the object. The unbalanced force becomes zero. According to F=ma, force is
    directly proportional to acceleration. As F=0, so a=0 and the object falls with constant
    velocity which is known as terminal velocity.

    2. Nuclear reactor (producing electricity) (4 marks)


    The thermal energy which is released from the nuclear fission boils the water and
    produces steam. The steam moves and transfers its kinetic energy to the turbine, which
    rotates. The turbine is connected to a generator, where the kinetic energy of the turbine
    is converted to electrical energy.

    3. Controlled nuclear fission in nuclear reactor (5 marks)


    When a fast moving neutron hits an atom, the atom becomes unstable and decays. As a
    result of this decay, three other neutrons are released from the atom. The three neutrons
    further hit three other uranium nuclei and nine neutrons are produced. This process
    carries on and is called nuclear fission reaction/ chain reaction. The reaction is controlled
    by the moderator and control rod. The moderator absorbs some of the energy of the
    fast-moving neutron. The control rod absorbs 2 of the 3 neutrons produced. When the
    control rod is inserted fully into the chamber, the reaction stops.

    4. Loudspeaker (5 marks)
    In a loudspeaker, an U shaped magnet is used and the South pole is in the centre. As a
    result, the magnetic field from both end come to the South pole making the magnetic
    field density stronger. When current enters into the coil, the magnetic field of the coil cuts
    the magnetic field of the magnet at right angles and a force is produced which makes the
    cone vibrate. The cone makes the air particles vibrate which creates compression and
    rarefaction and a sound wave is produced.

    5. Motor effect (4 marks)


    When current passes through the coil, a magnetic field is created around the coil. This
    magnetic field interacts with the magnetic field of the magnet and as a result, a force is
    exerted on the magnet according to Fleming’s left hand rule.

    6. Electromagnetic induction (4 marks)


    When a magnet is moved back and forth through a coil, the magnetic field of the magnet
    is cut by the coil. So an emf is induced in the coil. If the coil is part of a closed circuit, an
    induced current flows.

    7. Structure of transformer and how it works (6 marks)


    A transformer is made of a soft magnetic material like iron so that it can be easily
    demagnetised. If the primary coil has less number of turns than the secondary coil, than
    it is a step-up transformer. When a.c. current enters the coil, the iron becomes
    magnetised and creates an alternating magnetic field. So an emf is induced in the
    secondary coil.

    8. Using alpha particle as reference:​ When the radioactive material is placed behind thin
    mica sheet, it decays and emits alpha particle which enters the chamber and starts
    colliding with gas molecules. As the alpha particles collides with the gas molecules, the
    gas molecules get ionised. When the ions hit the detector, a count is recorded. The
    detector circuit is connected to a ratemeter to calculate the count rate.

    9. G.M. tube (5 marks)


    At first, count the background radiation using a G.M. tube and record it. Measure the
    background radiation for some minutes and then make an average. Then place the
    source in front of the GM tube and record the count rate. Subtract the average
    background count rate from the source count rate.

    10. Carbon dating (4 marks)

    11. Explain how pressure is exerted in the walls of the container (4 marks)
    Gas particles are in random motion, so they collide with each other and also the walls of
    the container. As a result of this collision, there is a change in momentum with respect to
    the container walls. So a force is exerted on the container walls. As the force is applied
    per unit area, so a force is exerted on the walls of the container.

    12. Why ammeter is connected in series combination and voltmeter in parallel combination
    (4 marks)

    13. Convection (5 marks)


    When air particles are heated, they become less dense and rise up. The colder air
    particles are more dense, so they sink. This is called convection.

    14. Conduction (3 marks)


    Thermal energy is passed from one particle to another by vibration.

    15. How increasing voltage increases the efficiency of transforming current in grid lines (5
    marks)
    Increase in voltage means low current (VpIp=VsIs). As current decrease, power loss
    decrease since P=I^2*R. So less thermal energy is lost in the transmission lines, which
    increases the efficiency.

    16. Fuse (3 marks)


    When large current flows in the circuit, the fuse wire melts and breaks the circuit. As a
    result, the appliance remains safe from damage.

    17. Alpha scattering experiment- Observations and conclusions​(5 marks)


    Most of the alpha particles passed straight through the gold foil with little or no deflection.
    This indicates that most of the atom is empty space.

    Some of the alpha particles are deflected by a small angle. This indicates that centre of
    the atom is positively charged, hence it repels the alpha particle.

    Very few alpha particles were deflected by an angle more than 90 degrees, which
    indicates that mass is concentrated at the centre of the atom and when alpha particles
    went too close to the nucleus they were repelled more.

    Acknowledgements:
    1. Faysal Rupok (he did all of the list of topic of broad questions!)
    2. Tazoar Ahsan (Youtube link)

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