FINAL
FINAL
FINAL
CHAPTER I
Introduction
Almost half of the world we are living is composed of water which connects
different oceans, seas, lakes, and rivers together. In fact, it is considered as one of the
natural resources not only in the Philippines but also in other countries. It serves as the
basic source in order for a person to live. Without water, man will not be able to survive.
This research paper focuses on the state of Marilao river and the living condition
of selected families nearby the river bank here in the Philippines. As time passes by,
Filipinos do not have concern in taking care of the natural resources that they are even
using. Before, rivers are as clear as the water we are drinking and a person can even take
a bath there. But now, rivers are as dark as black and became polluted also because of the
trash of the residents near the vicinity of the river. Another factor is that, factory now a
days has an illegal disposal of waste which affects the river. Not only the river is being
affected by the water pollution but also the fishes living in it and the like.
Marilao river became polluted for almost several years and is becoming worse as
of the moment. Residents of the said place are already complaining because of the issue.
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With this research paper, the residents will be able to know the factors that may affect
their way of living. Through this study, the concern ones can start doing action about this
matter.
Theoretical Framework
affects the health of millions of individuals across the globe each year. Understanding
water quality and the impact of pollution on water resources is vital to worldwide public
health because access to potable water and modernized sanitation increases the lifespan
and improves the health of world citizens more than any other advancement in the field
of medicine. The global public health impact of water contamination is major for many
reasons: (1) safe drinking water is vital for human survival to prevent dehydration; (2)
water is essential for basic hygiene and modern sanitation methods including wastewater
treatment; (3) water use is key to every sector of an industrialized, transitional, and
developing economy as an essential component for the production of many goods and
services; and (4) uncontaminated water is crucial to food production and livestock health.
According to the United Nations, 1.1 billion people, or 17 percent of the global
population, lack access to improved water sources (an improved water source is one that
is likely to provide safe water). Approximately 10 percent of the world’s total disease
resulting in millions of preventable deaths each year. Contamination of water can lead to
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developed countries. The topic of water quality and water-related disease is complex and
diverse in nature. The following summaries are presented as a starting point for rigorous
study and are intended to act as definitive peer-reviewed and authoritative references for
Conceptual Framework
Through this, the insights gained from the relevant literatures and studies revised
for purposes of clarifying the focus and direction of this study led to the
conceptualization of theoretical model for viewing the factors related to the state of
Marilao river and the living condition of selected families nearby the river bank.
Dependent Variables
Independent Variables
Eresidence.
Factors being affected:
This model depicts the hypothesized relationship between two sets of variables
factors being affected of this study such as health, source of income, environment and the
day to day living of the residents. The dependent variable is the effect of Marilao river
pollution. The line connecting the variables denotes the hypothesized relationship
The aim of this study is to determine the state of Marilao river which can provide
a reliable interpretation of how and what can be the actions to be done to lessen the waste
3. What are the actions that can be done by the municipality of Marilao suggested by the
selected families?
4. Who can be the person involve in maintaining the cleanliness of the river?
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Hypothesis
Through conducting this study, the researchers will be able to know and take an
action in helping the residence of Marilao in maintaining the cleanliness for health
purposes. At the end of this study, researchers can already encourage the residents to help
one another in cleaning the river with the help of the municipality and different
baranggay officials in Marilao. From time to time, there will be a schedule of the person
that whoever caught throwing garbage near the vicinity of the river will have
corresponding punishment.
The research study focused mainly on the state of Marilao river and the living
condition of selected families nearby the river bank. It includes fifty (50) respondents out
Marilao, Bulacan.
This study limits its coverage on the selected families living nearby the river bank
having its main purpose of knowing the state of Marilao river in the residents. With this,
researchers will be able to know the insights of the residents and take an action at once.
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This study considers every aspect of the respondents personal information that has
an impact on the whole research with regards to their age and gender.
The study regarding the state of Marilao river and the living condition of selected
families nearby the river bank can be the start for the residents to take an action in
maintaining the cleanliness of their own river. Also, for them to be sensitive so that those
THE STUDENTS •Through this research, the students will be able to know the
importance of helping other people, develop their skill in conducting such research and
THE RESIDENTS •They will be benefited in a way that they will be able to improve
THE MUNICIPALITY •Through this research, the leaders of the said place will have an
idea of what action can be done to resolve the problem, help the residents, as well as to
Definition of terms
small unsegmented worms, and tardigrades (eight-legged arthropods) are the most
leaf litter and in the soil, feeding on smaller microorganisms that decompose
organic material.
chronic- a chronic condition is one that lasts 3 months or more. Chronic diseases
are in contrast to those that are acute (abrupt, sharp, and brief) or subacute (within
cholera- is an infectious disease that causes severe watery diarrhea, which can
typhoid- an infectious bacterial fever with an eruption of red spots on the chest
a severe endemic disease of humans in Africa and parts of Asia and South
America that is contracted when cercariae released into freshwaters (as rivers) by
a snail intermediate host penetrate the skin and that is marked especially by blood
Water is essential for the survival of humans, animals and plants. Water is also
environment of extreme biological importance, but which attracts too little attention.
Fresh water is emerging as one of the most critical natural resource issues facing
humanity. Water is, literally, the source of life on earth. The human body is 70% water.
Human beings can survive for only a few days without fresh water.
face chronic fresh water shortages. By the year 2025, however, 48 countries are expected
to face shortages, affecting more than 2.8 billion people -35% of world's projected
population. Among countries likely to run short of water in the next 25 years are
Ethiopia, India, Kenya, Nigeria, and Peru. Parts of other large countries, such as China,
In most parts of the world polluted water, improper waste disposal, and poor
water management cause serious public health problems. Such water-related diseases as
cholera, typhoid, and schistosomiasis harm or kill millions of people every year. Overuse
and pollution of water supplies also are taking a heavy toll on the natural environment
CHAPTER II
RESEARCH METHODS
Research Design
The study used descriptive research design because it is the way to describe and
interpret the problems that arise from the state of Marilao river and the living condition of
selected families nearby the river bank. This method is more appropriate for the
interpretation and tabulation of data that can describe the significance of the study.
determine the state of Marilao river. It revealed the effects of the polluted river to the
Research Locale
The study focuses on the polluted river of Marilao. Thus, the researchers
conducted the study in the vicinity of Marilao Bulacan specifically the barangay of
Tabing-ilog. From the rivers around Bulacan, Marilao river was said to be the worst river
because of pollution. With this, the researchers are curious of what is the present status of
Research Participants
The researchers decided to have random sampling of the respondents and they come up
of using selected families. They decided to have 50 respondents out of 5, 970 inhabitants.
They will be answering the survey forms that will be distributed by the researchers.
Research Instrument
administration of questions in a pencil and paper format. There are two kinds of
The instrument, the researchers used to gather information in this study was a
are ones in which response alternative are pre-specified by the researchers. Respondents
are asked to respond in the same orders and they are given the same set of opinions for
their responses. The alternatives may range from simple yes or no to complex expressions
an open-ended form in a short given given amount of time. For purposes of using
analysis.
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schedule and other method of data collection studies or measure that phenomenon of
research, the researchers sought the advice of Professor Esperanza Nunez for the
instrument. Our instrument were approved and used for data collection for the purpose of
the study.
In gathering data, the researchers distributed the questionnaire survey form to the
respondents. Before distributing the questionnaire, permission from the mayor of Marilao
and baranggay officials were sought to conduct the study. The questionnaires were
distributed personally by the researchers after the permission has been approved. The
The respondent who are included in this study are the selected families of
population of the study is fifty (50) respondents out of 5,970. The first fifty (50)
n= N
1+Ne²
e= margin of error
n= sample size
The margin of error denotes the allowed probability of committing an error in selecting a
small representative of the population. This margin of error could range between one
percent and ten percent depending on the desire or intention of the reader. However, the
researcher should be aware of the Law of Range Numbers which states that, "the larger
the size of the sample, the more certain it can be sure that the sample mean will be a good
estimate of the population mean." The larger the size of the sample, the closer its
Random sampling, the most common used sampling techniques in which member
in the population is given an equal chance of being selected in the sample, was used in
determining respondents. The random sampling technique is also called the lottery or
fishbowl sampling.
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CHAPTER III
This chapter presents the respondents of the study andsampling procedure. It also
presents the analysis and interpretation derived from the questionnaire relevant to the
specific problem of the study. The analysis is designed to answer the research question of
this study. This chapter is thus sectioned and organized according to the sequence the
Respondent/Sampling
Male 28 56%
Female 22 44%
Total 50 100%
Question: In your own point of view, do you think that the status of Marilao river already
polluted?
Responses Frequency Percentage
Strongly disagree 0 0%
Disagree 1 2%
Undecided 2 4%
Agree 6 12%
Strongly Agree 41 82%
TOTAL: 50 100%
Table 2
Interpretation:
equivalent to 0% of the respondents said that they strongly disagree that the river is
polluted, one (1) resident equivalent to 2% disagreed, two (2) of the residents equivalent
to 4% were undecided, six (6) of the residents equivalent to 12% agreed, and forty-one
(41) residents equivalent to 82% strongly agreed that the river is already polluted.
TOTAL: 50 100%
Table 3
Interpretation:
equivalent to 0% of the respondents said that they strongly disagree that they are being
affected in the pollution of the river, two (2) residents equivalent to 4% disagreed, one (1)
of the resident equivalent to 2% were undecided, four (8) of the residents equivalent to
8% agreed, and forty-three (43) residents equivalent to 86% strongly agreed that they are
Question: Is the health of the selected families being affected due to the pollution caused
by the river?
Responses Frequency Percentage
Strongly disagree 2 4%
Disagree 3 6%
Undecided 1 2%
Agree 2 4%
Strongly Agree 42 84%
TOTAL: 50 100%
Table 4
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Interpretation:
equivalent to 4% of the respondents said that their health is being affected due to the
pollution caused by the river, three (3) residents equivalent to 6% disagreed, one (1) of
the resident equivalent to 2% was undecided, two (2) of the residents equivalent to 4%
agreed, and forty-two (42) residents equivalent to 84% strongly agreed that their health is
Question: Is the source of income of the selected families being affected due to the
Table 5
Interpretation:
equivalent to 4% of the respondents said that they strongly disagree that their source of
income is being affected due to the pollution caused by the river, three (3) residents
twelve (12) of the residents equivalent to 24% agreed, and twenty-nine (29) residents
equivalent to 58% strongly agreed that their source of income is being affected due to the
Question: Is the day to day living of the selected families being affected due to the
Table 6
Interpretation:
equivalent to 4% of the respondents said that they strongly disagree that their day to day
living is being affected due to the pollution caused by the river, four (4) residents
fourteen (14) of the residents equivalent to 28% agreed, and twenty-seven (27) residents
equivalent to 54% strongly agreed that their day to day living is being affected due to the
Question: Should the residents be responsible in maintaining the cleanliness of the river?
Responses Frequency Percentage
Strongly disagree 11 22%
Disagree 7 14%
Undecided 3 6%
Agree 5 10%
Strongly Agree 24 48%
TOTAL: 50 100%
Table 7
Interpretation:
residents equivalent to 22% of the respondents said that they strongly disagree of being
the one responsible in maintaining the cleanliness of the river, seven (7) residents
equivalent to 14% disagreed, three (3) of the residents equivalent to 6% were undecided,
five (5) of the residents equivalent to 10% agreed, and twenty-four(24) residents
equivalent to 48% strongly agreed of being the one responsible in maintaining the
QUESTION S F % D F % U F % A F % S F %
S D A
Question # 1 0 0% 1 2% 2 4% 6 12% 4 82%
1
Question # 2 0 0% 2 4% 1 1% 4 8% 4 86%
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3
Question # 3 2 4% 3 6% 1 2% 2 4% 4 84%
2
Question # 4 2 4% 3 6% 4 8% 12 24% 2 58%
9
Question # 5 2 4% 4 8% 3 6% 14 28% 2 54%
7
Question # 6 11 22% 7 14% 3 6% 5 10% 2 48%
4
TOTAL 50 100 5 100 5 100 50 100 5 100%
% 0 % 0 % % 0
CHAPTER IV
This chapter presented the findings of the whole thesis for that matter in
summarized form. It reviewed briefly the problem of the study, the research method and
recommendations presented.
Summary
This study entitled, “The state of Marilao river and the living condition of selected
families nearby the river bank” aimed to know the factors affecting the lifestyle of the
day living, and education of the residents near the river. The coverage of the study
This does not include all the residents of baranggay Tabing-ilog, the researchers, just got
fifty (50) respondents out of five thousand nine hundred seventy (5,970) residents living
in the baranggay of Tabing-ilog for its sample size. Since, the study used descriptive
research design, the researchers distributed survey forms to the respondents. The result
1. 0% of the respondents strongly disagreed that the status of Marilao river was
already polluted
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2% of the respondents disagreed that the status of Marilao river was already
polluted
4% of the respondents were undecided that the status of Marilao river was already
polluted
12% of the respondents agreed that the status of Marilao river was already
polluted
82% of the respondents strongly agreed that the status of Marilao river was
already polluted
2. 0% of the respondents strongly disagreed that they are being affected in the
4% of the respondents disagreed that they are being affected in the pollution of
the river
2% of the respondents were undecided that they are being affected in the pollution
of the river
8% of the respondents agreed that they are being affected in the pollution of the
river
86% of the respondents strongly agreed that they are being affected in the
3. 4% of the respondents strongly disagreed that the health of the selected families
6% of the respondents disagreed that the health of the selected families are being
2% of the respondents were undecided that the health of the selected families are
4% of the respondents agreed that the health of the selected families are being
84% of the respondents strongly agreed that the health of the selected families are
4. 4% of the respondents strongly disagreed that the source of income of the selected
families are being affected due to the pollution caused by the river
6% of the respondents disagreed that the source of income of the selected families
8% of the respondents were undecided that the source of income of the selected
families are being affected due to the pollution caused by the river
24% of the respondents agreed that the source of income of the selected families
58% of the respondents strongly agreed that the source of income of the selected
families are being affected due to the pollution caused by the river
5. 4% of the respondents strongly disagreed that the day to day living of the selected
families are being affected due to the pollution caused by the river
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6% of the respondents disagreed that the day to day living of the selected families
8% of the respondents were undecided that the day to day living of the selected
families are being affected due to the pollution caused by the river
28% of the respondents agreed that the day to day living of the selected families
54% of the respondents strongly agreed that the day to day living of the selected
families are being affected due to the pollution caused by the river
6. 22% of the respondents strongly disagreed that the residents should be responsible
48% of the respondents strongly agreed that the residents should be responsible in
Conclusions
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on the state of Marilao river and the living condition of selected families nearby
analysis and discussion of data collected from the survey forms, finding
Almost all of the residents are being affected because of the polluted river.
The data showed that health is the factor that is most being affected due to
Recommendations
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researchers have some suggestions for the next researchers (if there is any) on this topic.
Firstly, the next researchers can expand the scope of this study. For example, they can
focus more on finding the solution to help the officials of Marilao to overcome, lessen
and stop the pollution of Marilao river. Next, they can clarify to the residents that they are
also responsible in maintaining the cleanliness of the Marilao river in different ways.
Some of these are by not throwing garbage in the vicinity of the river, helping one
another in cleaning the river, putting signage, ordinance which may help to stop the
pollution of the river and also having penalties for those who will be caught throwing
garbage in the river. Besides, they should pay attention to make use of the data collecting
methods. Specifically, they can balance the using of questionnaire, interview and o
PATRIOT
Noted by:
Approved by:
We, students of Dr.Yanga’s Colleges, Inc. are having a research entitled “The state of
Marilao river and the living condition of selected families nearby the river bank”. We are
humblyasking for your cooperation to please answer the following questions below for us to have
the right information needed for our research. We will ensure that your answers will be kept with
full confidentiality. Thank you and God bless!
Name:
Age:
Gender:
Length of stay:
river?
5. Is the day
to day living
of the selected
families being
affected due to
the pollution
caused by the
river?
6. Should the
residents be
responsible in
maintaining
the cleanliness
of the river?