H2 Mathematics Specimen Paper 2

Section A: Pure Mathematics [40 marks]

1 (i) The function f is defined as follows:
f : x  3cos x  2sin x, x  ,    x   .
Write f ( x) as R cos( x   ) , where R and  are constants to be found. Hence, or otherwise,
find the range of f and sketch the curve.[4]
(ii) The function g is defined as follows:
g : x  3cos x  2sin x, x  ,    x  b .

Given that the function g 1 exists, write down the largest value of b . Find g 1 ( x) . [3]

2 The first four terms of a sequence of numbers are 3, 1, 1 and 3. Sn is the sum of the first n terms
of this sequence.
(i) Explain why Sn cannot be a quadratic polynomial in n . [2]

It is given that Sn is a cubic polynomial.

(ii) Find Sn in terms of n . [4]

(iii) Find an expression in terms of n for the n th term of the sequence. [3]

6
(a) The angle between the vectors 3i  2 j and 6i  dj  7k is cos 1   . Show that
 13 
3
2d 2  117 d  333  0 . [3]

B
E
b

O a A C

 
(b) With reference to origin O , the point A , B , C and D are such that OA  a , OB  b ,
 
AC  5a and BD  3b . The lines AD and BC cross at E (see diagram).

(i) Find OE in terms of a and b. [6]
(ii) The point F divides the line CD in the ratio 5:3. Show that O , E and F are collinear,
and find OE:OF. [4]

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 dy
4 (i) Given that y  tan(e2 x  1) , show that  ke2 x (1  y 2 ) , where k is to be found. Hence find
dx
dy d 2 y d3 y
the values of , and when x  0 . [6]
dx dx 2 dx 3
(ii) Write down the first three non-zero terms in the Maclaurin series for y  tan(e2 x  1) . [1]
(iii) The first two non-zero terms in the Maclaurin series for y  tan(e2 x  1) are equal to the first
two non-zero terms in the series expansion of eax ln(1  nx) . By using appropriate expansions
from the List of Formulae (MF26), find the constants a and n . Hence find the third non-
zero term of the series expansion of eax ln(1  nx) for these values of a and n . [4]

Section B: Probability and Statistics [60 marks]

5 This question is about six couples. Each couple consists of a husband and a wife.
The 12 people visit a theatre, and sit in a row of 12 seats.
(i) In how many different ways can the 12 people sit so that each husband and wife in a couple
sit next to each other? [2]
(ii) In how many different ways can the 12 people sit so that the 6 wives all sit next to each other,
and none of the wives sits next to her own husband? [3]
The group decides to form a committee to arrange future outings. The committee will consist of 3
of the 12 people. At least 1 of the wives will be on the committee but no husband and wife couple
will be included.
(iii) In how many ways can the committee be formed? [3]

6 Giant pumpkins are often irregular in shape. In order to account for the different shapes of
pumpkins, growers of giant pumpkins measure the size of a pumpkin by a combination of three
measurements, called the ‘over the top’ length. Pumpkin growers keep records so that they can
estimate the mass of giant pumpkin while they are still growing. The over the top lengths ( d m)
and the masses ( m kg) of a random sample of 7 giant pumpkins are as follows:
d 2.31 2.9 4.05 5.5 6.7 7.92 9.17
m 11 14 47 104 170 282 449

(i) Draw a scatter diagram of these data, and explain how you know from your diagram that the
relationship between m and d should not be modelled by an equation of the form
y  ax  b . [2]

(ii) Which of the formulae m  ed 2  f and m  gd 3  h , where e , f , g and h are constants,

is the better model for the relationship between m and d . Explain fully how you decided,
and find the constants for the better formula. [5]
(iii) Use the formula you chose from part (ii) to estimate the mass of a giant pumpkin with
(a) Over the top length 6m,
(b) Over the top length 12m.
Explain which of your two estimates is more reliable. [3]

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 7 ‘Bings’ are sweets that are sold in packets of 6. Each packet is made up of randomly chosen
coloured sweets. On average 10% of Bings are yellow.
(i) Explain why a binomial distribution is appropriate for modelling the number of yellow
sweets in a packet. Find the probability that a random chosen packet of Bings contains no
more than one yellow sweet. [3]
(ii) Kev buys 90 randomly chosen packets of Bings. Find the probability that at least 80 of these
packets contain no more than one yellow sweet. [2]
On average the proportion of Bings that are red is p . It is known that the modal number of red
sweets in a packet is 2.
(iii) Use this information to find exactly the range of values that p can take. [4]

8 A bag contains 3 blue counters, 1 red counter and y yellow counters. Darvina chooses 3 counters
at random from the bag, without replacement. The random variable S is the sum of the number of
blue counters chosen and twice the number of red counters chosen.
6(3 y  1)
(i) Show that P( S  3)  . [2]
( y  4)( y  3)( y  2)
7
(ii) Given that P( S  3)  , calculate y . Hence find the probability distribution of S . [6]
20

9 A type of metal bolt is manufactured with a nominal radius of 0.8cm. In fact, the radii of the bolts,
measured in cm, have the distribution N(0.8, 0.012 ) .
(i) Find the percentage of bolts that have a radius between 0.79cm and 0.82cm. [1]
Metal washers are manufactured to fit on the bolts. The inside radii of the washers, measured in
cm, have the distribution N(0.81, 0.0122 ) .
(ii) Write down the distribution of the inside circumference of the washers, in cm, and find the
circumference that is exceeded by 5% of the washers. [4]
A bolt and a washer are a ‘good fit’ if
 the inside radius of the washer is greater than the radius of the bolt and
 the inside radius of the washer is not more than 0.04cm greater than the radius of the bolt.
(iii) A washer is chosen at random, and a bolt is chosen at random. Find the probability that the
washer and bolt are a good fit. [3]
The outside radii of the washers, measured in cm, have the distribution N(  ,  2 ) . It is known that
15% of the washers have an outside radius greater than 1.25 cm and 25% have an outside radius of
less than 1.15cm.
(iv) Find the values of  and  . [4]

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 10 The average time required for the manufacture of a certain type of electronic control panel is 17
hours. An alternative manufacturing process is trialled, and the time taken, t hours, for the
manufacture of each of 50 randomly chosen control panels using the alternative process is recorded.
The results are summarised as follows:
n  50 t  835.7 t 2  14067.17
The Production Manager wishes to test whether the average time taken for the manufacture of a
control panel is different using the alternative process, by carrying out a hypothesis test.
(i) Explain whether the Production Manager should use a 1-tail test or a 2-tail test. [1]
(ii) Explain why the Production Manager is able to carry out a hypothesis test without knowing
anything about the distribution of the times taken to manufacture the control panels. [2]
(iii) Find unbiased estimates of the population mean and variance and carry out the test at the
10% level of significance for the Production Manager. [6]
(iv) Suggest a reason why the Production Manager might be prepared to use an alternative
process that takes a longer average time than the original process. [1]
The Finance Manager wishes to test whether the average time taken for the manufacture of a control
panel is shorter using the alternative process. The Finance Manager finds that the average time
taken for the manufacture of each of 40 randomly chosen control panels, using the alternative
process, is 16.7 hours. He carries out a hypothesis test at the 10% level of significance.
(v) Explain, with justification, how the population variance of the times will affect the
conclusion made by the Finance Manager. [3]

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