Risk Control Systems

10/4/2009
Risk Control Systems

CE 507 Construction Safety and Health
October 5, 2009
1
Definitions
• Hazard – something that has the potential to

cause harm
• Risk – the likelihood of the potential to
cause harm
• Frequency or degree of exposure – the
number of times that people are, or could
be, exposed to a hazard
• Severity – the degree of harm, or
consequences if the hazard is realized
Definitions cont.
• Risk assessment – an evaluation of the

likelihood that a potential hazard will actually
cause harm, while taking into account the
frequency of exposure and severity of
outcomes
• Risk control – measures taken to control or
eliminate the hazard or risk on the basis of
the risk assessment
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10/4/2009
Process of Risk Assessment
• Identifying the hazards

• Assessing the risks
• Documenting the risks
• Developing appropriate control measures
• Implementing the control measures
• Monitoring and reviewing the control
measures
Identifying the hazards
• The technology to be employed in

performing the activities.
• The work process to be employed in
performing the activities.
– The methods to be used in performing the
activities
– Who is to do what
– What tools, equipment, and materials are to
be employed
– How the activities are to be sequenced
– How the activities are to be scheduled 5
Identifying the hazard cont.
• Where the task is to be performed

• The specifications or expected quality for the
output or results of the work process.
• The time frame within which the task is to be
completed
• Potential for
– Safety management failures
– Technical failures
– Human error failures
• Consequences of failure
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Work Setting
• Structural Components
– The setting: the inanimate physical
boundaries for human social behavior,
including:
• The macro
macro-physical
physical dimension: the objective
external sub parameters or “regions which
serve as the “outside” boundaries for the
behavior.
• The micro-physical dimension: the objective
sub parameters or “regions which serve as the
“inside” boundaries for the behavior.
• The object network: the inanimate physical
objects and their arrangement within the setting. 7
Work Setting cont.

– The persons as objects: the persons within
the setting and their locations to one
another.
• Dynamic Component
– The
Th persons as actors:
t the
th persons as
reality processing organisms who give
meaning and value to their actions through
the on-going interpretations they make.
• Coordinating Dimension
– The spatial/temporal location: the location
of activity within time and space.
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Assessing the risks
• Frequency of exposure (F)

• Likelihood of harm (L)
• Severity of harm (S)
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10/4/2009
Frequency of exposure
Value Frequency of exposure
0 Never
1 Hardly ever
2 Often
3 Very often
4 Continuously
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Likelihood of harm
Value Likelihood of harm

0 Extremely unlikely
1 Unlikely
2 Likely
3 Extremely likely
4 Certain
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Severity of harm
Value Severity of harm

0 No harm –
1 Minor injury – no medical attention
2 Minor injury – medical attention
3 Injury – 1 – 3 days off work
4 Injury - > 3 consecutive days off work
5 Major injury – hospitalization or death
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Categorization of risk
Band Risk Result

score
Band 1 0 – 20 No action required (No real risk attached)
Band 2 21 – 40 Some action required (Low risk attached)
Band 3 41 – 60 Some control measures required (Some risks
attached)
Band 4 61 – 80 Control measures vital (High risks attached)
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Risk control measures
• Eliminate the hazard altogether

• Change the activity or process – reduce
hazard
p
• Separate workers from hazard or limit the
number
• Design system of work to reduce risk to
acceptable level
• Provide standard operating procedures
• Provide adequate supervision
14
Risk control measures cont.
• Identify training needs & provide training

• Provide instructions/information
• Protect people with Personal Protective
Equipment
q p ((PPE))
• Reevaluate the chosen option to see if the
hazard or aspects of it can be eliminated
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10/4/2009
In Class Exercise
16

Risk Control Systems

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Risk Control Systems

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10/4/2009

Risk Control Systems

• Hazard – something that has the potential to

• Risk assessment – an evaluation of the

Process of Risk Assessment

• Identifying the hazards

Identifying the hazards

• The technology to be employed in

Identifying the hazard cont.

• Where the task is to be performed

Work Setting cont.

Assessing the risks

• Frequency of exposure (F)

Value Frequency of exposure

Value Likelihood of harm

Value Severity of harm

Band Risk Result

Risk control measures

• Eliminate the hazard altogether

Risk control measures cont.

• Identify training needs & provide training

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