PROJECT TITLE :

THE DUBAI CHAMBER OF COMMERCE

AND INDUSTRY BUILDING EXTENSION

DOCUMENT TITLE :
STRUCTURAL CALCULATION OF
CURTAIN WALL (CW01)

CLIENT:

MAIN SUB STRUCTURAL

CONTRACTOR CONTRACTOR CONSULTANT

13 APRIL 2020
REVISION R2
TABLE OF CONTENTS Page No

1. GENERAL DESCRIPTION ...........................................................................................1

1.1 INTRODUCTION..........................................................................................................1

1.2 SPECIFICATIONS,CODES & REFERENCES ...............................................................1

1.3 MATERIALS PROPERTIES ............................................................................................2

1.4 DEFLECTION LIMITS UNDER SERVICEABILITY LOADING....................................3

1.5 LOAD COMBINATIONS ................................................................................................4

2.DESIGN LOADS ..............................................................................................................5

2.1 DEAD LOAD ...................................................................................................................5

2.2 WIND LOAD ...................................................................................................................5

2.3 LIVE LOAD . ...................................................................................................................5

2.4 THERMAL MOVEMENTS...............................................................................................5

3. ANALYSIS OF GLASS PANEL....................................................................................9

4. ANALYSIS OF FRAMING ELEMENTS....................................................................14

5. MEMBER DESIGN …………………………………………………………………...24

5.1 MULLION DESIGN........................................................................................................25

5.2 TRANSOM DESIGN.......................................................................................................31

6. ANALYSIS OF MULLION AND TRANSOM CONNECTION…..…………….… 34

7. DESIGN OF BRACKETS………………………………………………………….… 36

7.1.1 DESIGN OF TOP BRACKET.........................................................................................37

7.1.2 CHECK FOR BOLT GRADE A4-70...........................................................................40

7.1.3 DESIGN OF WELD...... ..............................................................................................42

7.1.4 ANCHOR DESIGN........ ............................... .............................................................43

7.2.1 DESIGN OF BOTTOM BRACKET................................................................................51

7.2.2 CHECK FOR BOLT GRADE A4-70...........................................................................54

7.2.3 DESIGN OF WELD...... ..............................................................................................56

7.2.4 ANCHOR DESIGN........ ............................... .............................................................57

8. DESIGN OF PRESSURE PLATE……………………….………………………...… 59

8.1 DESIGN OF PRESSURE PLATE SCREW.................................................................... 60
 1.0 GENERAL DESCRIPTION
1.1 INTRODUCTION

The Analysis and Design of Curtain Wall has been done as per the given details.Adequate design
is important for checking whether the Curtain wall meets the basic performance criteria and for
successful installation. Analysis is done in STAAD Pro subjected to a wind pressure of 1.60 KPa.
The Elevation and Plan considered for the analysis is shown below.

ELEVATION OF DUBAI CHAMBER

ELEVATION OF CW1

PLAN OF CW1
1.2 SPECIFICATIONS, CODES AND REFERENCES

The design shall be done in accordance to the following relevant references.

BS 8118-1:1991:Structural use of Aluminium Part 1- Code of Practice

1. Aluminium :
for design

BS EN ISO 3506-1:1998 – Mechanical Properties of Corrosion

2. Fasteners :
Resistant Stainless Steel Fasteners

BS 5950-1:2000 : Structural use of steel work in building Part-1: code

3.Steel :
of practice for design – Rolled and Welded Sections

4. Wind Load : ASCE 705:Minimum Design Loads for Buildings and Other Structures

1.3 MATERIAL PROPERTIES:

1.3.1 ALUMINIUM 6063-T6 EXTRUSION

Elastic Modulus E =70 GPa

Limiting stress for bending and overall yielding po = 160 N/mm2

Limiting stress for local capacity of the section in pa =175 N/mm2

tension/compression

Limiting stress in shear pv = 95 N/mm2

Coefficient of thermal expansion α = 23.4 x10-6 / ⁰ C

Density Pa = 2710 kg/m3

1.3.2 STEEL(S275)
Elastic Modulus Ea =205000 MPa
Poisson's Ratio va = 0.3
Coefficient of Linear expansion α = 12 x10-6 / ⁰ C
Density Pa = 7850 kg/m3
Overall yielding stress Fy = 275 MPa
Ultimate stress Fu = 430 MPa

1.3.3 STAINLESS STEEL BOLTS AND SCREWS –

GRADE A4-70
Yield Strength Yb = 205 MPa
Ultimate Tensile Strength Ub= 515 MPa

GRADE 8.8
Yield Strength Yb = 450 MPa
Ultimate Tensile Strength Ub= 700 MPa

1.4 DEFLECTION LIMITS UNDER SERVICEABILITY LOADING

Deformations for framing members shall not exceed the following mentioned values.
1.4.2 GLASS

1.5 LOAD COMBINATION

DL - Dead Load
WL - Wind Load
LL - Live load
Service Load combination Factored Load combination
1. DL + WL 1. 1.2 DL + 1.6 LL
2. DL + LL 2. 1.2 DL + LL
3. DL + 0.75 LL 3. 1.2 DL + 1.6 WL + LL
4. 0.6 DL + WL 4. 0.9 DL + 1.6 WL
5. DL + 0.75 WL + 0.75 LL
 2.0 DESIGN LOADS
2.1 DEAD LOAD
Dead load comprises of Self-weight of structural member and other associated fixtures and
hardware.
Density of Glass = 25 KN/m3
Dead load of glass panel of size 1.007 x 2.365 = (25 x 1.007 x 2.365 x 0.012)/2 = 0.360 kN
Dead load of glass panel of size 1.007 x 0.90 = (25 x 1.007 x 0.9 x 0.012)/2 = 0.136 kN
Density of Glass = 27.1 KN/m3
Dead load due to aluminium sheet of 2 mm thick = (27.1 x 1.247 x .002) = 0.067 kN/m

2.2 WIND LOAD

Wind load of 1.60 kPa is induced as per ASCE 705:Minimum Design Loads for Buildings and
Other Structures.

2.3 LIVE LOAD

Live of 1.5 kN/m at 1.1 m as per BS 6180

2.4 THERMAL MOVEMENTS

Temperature Variation , ΔT = 82° C

Maximum Length of Mullion , L = 5680 mm
Coefficient of Thermal Expansion for Aluminum , α = 23 x 10-6
Maximum expanded length due to temperature, lt = α x L x ΔT
= 23 x 10-6 x 2400 x 82
= 10.712 mm
Diameter of bolt, d = 12 mm
Minimum required length of slot = 10.712 + 12 + 10.712
= 33.42 mm
Slotted Hole Provided = 40 mm (14+12+14) > 33.42 mm
Hence Safe
 3.0 ANALYSIS OF GLASS PANEL
For Glass analysis ,we have considered the maximum glass panel size and minimum thickness
of the glass.The size of the glass panel taken for analysis is 1000mm x 2400mm and Thickness
is 24 mm Thk DGU (6mm+ 12mm Thk AS+ 6 mm Thk HS).The Glass plane is verified as
per ASTM E1300-12a.

Panel size =1007 mm X 2365 mm

General Description and Dimension:

Eff.Height of the glass,(Max) = 2365 mm
Eff.Width of the glass,(Max) b = 1007 mm
Thickness of Glass layer, t = 24 mm
Wind Load:
Max. Wind pressure WL = 1.60 kPa
Check for Deflection (For Wind load)
Maximum deflection (WL), δmax = 7.89 mm
Limiting deflection for wind load, δlim = Span/50 or 25mm Whichever is lesser
Short Span of the Glass panel "l" = 1007 mm
Deflection limit "δlim" = 20.14 mm > 7.89 mm
Hence, 6mm + 12mmThkAS + 6mm Thk HS DGU Glass is Adequate!
 4.0 ANALYSIS OF FRAMING ELEMENTS

SECTION PROPERTIES OF MULLION

50
25 25
22.4 22.4

Ax = 1921.06 : x- sectional area

6
Iz = 14933990.69 : Moment of inertian about z-axis
.
127.84

121.84

Iy = 784976.54 : Moment of inertian about y-axis 0

Cz = 25 : distance from NA to extreme fiber

215.60

Cy = 132.16 : distance from NA to extreme fiber

Sz = 112999.32 : Section modulus about z-axis

260

Sy = 31399.06 : Section modulus about y-axis 2.6

93.76

rz = 88.169 : radius of gyration about z-axis

132.16

ry = 20.21 : radius of gyration about y-axis

SECTION PROPERTIES OF TRANSOM

50
25 25
23 23

Ax = 805.0694 : x- sectional area

2
Iz = 330169.7636 : Moment of inertian about z-axis

Iy = 2122921.012 : Moment of inertian about y-axis

77.15

75.15
Cz = 25 : distance from NA to extreme fiber

Cy = 77.15 : distance from NA to extreme fiber

Sz = 4279.582 : Section modulus about z-axis

149

127
Sy = 84916.84 : Section modulus about y-axis
1.8
rz = 20.1266 : radius of gyration about z-axis
51.85
71.85

ry = 51.0352 : radius of gyration about y-axis

 5.0 MEMBER DESIGN
5.1 MULLION DESIGN

SECTION CLASSIFICATION

Element 1
Unreinforced Flat Element (Cl 4.3.2.2)
Element under non-uniform stress gradient (4.3.2.2 (b))
dw = 215.6 mm Depth of Element
tw = 2.6 mm Thickness of elememt
Slenderness Parameter: β = 0.5*dw/tw = 41.6
Table 4. Limiting Value of β where,
Unwelded Internal Element ε = SQRT (250/Po)
Limiting Values: β0 = 22*e = 27.50 Po = 160 N/mm2
Limiting Values: β 1 = 18*e = 22.50 ε = 1.25 ELEMENT2
β > β 1---> Slender

Element 2
Unreinforced Flat Element (Cl 4.3.2.2)
Element under uniform compression (4.3.2.2 (a))
bf = 44.8 mm Depth of Element
tf = 3.4 mm Thickness of element
Slenderness Parameter: β = 1*bf/tf= 13.17
Table 4. Limiting Value of β
Unwelded internal Element
Limiting Values: β0 = 22*e = 27.5
Limiting Values: β 1 = 18*e = 22.5
β < β0 ---> Fully Compact

Element Classification for Web Element

dw = 215.6 mm, width of the web element ELEMENT1
tw = 2.6 mm, thickness of the web element
yc = 121.84 mm, distance from neutral axis to more compressed edge
yo = -93.76 mm distance from neutral axis to other edge of elemen
yo/yc = -0.77 mm
FLANGE
g = 0.5, stress gradient coefficient (figure 4.2)
βw = g. dw/tw, Slenderness parameter
βw = 41.46
βw = 41.46 > β0 = 27.5
Thus, the section is Slender
Element Classification for Flange Element
bf = 44.8 mm, width of the compression flange
tf = 3.4 mm, thickness of the compression flange
βf = bf/tf, slenderness parameter
βf = 13.17
β1 = 22.5 > βf = 13.17
Thus, the section is Fully compact
Effective Section Determination for Web Element
βw/ Ɛ = 33.168
WEB
According BS8118: part1: 1991 ‐ table 4.4, Curve selection for internal elements "C"
kL = 1, local buckling factor (according to figure 4.5 curve c)
twe = kL.tw
twe = 2.6 mm, Effective section thickness
twe = tw

SECTION PROPERTIES
 Section Classification 4.5.3.1 BS 8118 Part 1
Element 1
Section containing shear webs orientated in the plane of loading, without tongue-plates
Overall depth of web, D = 225 mm
Clear depth of web between flanges, dw = 215.6 mm
Web thickness, tw = 2.6 mm
dw/tw = 82.92 > 49 ε
where, ε = SQRT (250/Po) = 1.25
Section is Slender
Check for Shear Resistance
No of webs, N = 2
Effective Shear Area, Av = 0.8N D tw
= 936 mm2
Factored Shear Resistance, Vrs = pv Av/ γm (4.5.3.2 BS 8118: Part 1: 1991)
Where, pv = 95.00 N/mm2
Vrs = 70.20 kN
Factored Shear Force (From STAAD model) = 4.051 kN < 0.5 Vrs = 35.1 kN
Hence section is under low shear.
Check for Tension Resistance
According to BS 8118: part 1: 1991 ‐ 4.6.2
Max axial force due to dead load, P = 2.382 kN
Material factor clause 4.5.5 table 3.3, γm = 1.2
factored tension resistance, PRS = (ρo.Ae/γm)
= (160 x 1921.049)/1.2
= 256.139 kN
P = 2.382 kN < PRS = 256.139 kN
Hence OK

Section Check for Bending with Axial Force (Tension)

According to BS 8118 part 1: 1991 4.8
P = 2.382 kN
PRS = 256.139 kN
Factored max. BM generated from staad, My = 0 kNm
Factored moment resistance at minor axis, Mry = (ρ0.Wye/γm)
Mz = 5.653 kNm (From STAAD)
Effective elastic section modulus at x‐x axis, Wxe = Ixx/Cy
= 14933990.6899/132.1621
= 112997.5287 mm3
Mrx = (ρ0.Wxe/γm) = (160 x 112997.5287)/1.2
= 15.06 kNm
SC = (P/PRS + My/Mry + Mz/Mrx)
SC = 0.384 ≤ 1
Hence OK
Check for Compression Resistance
According to BS 8118: part 1: 1991 ‐ 4.7.3
Factored max axial force due to dead load, P = 2.382 kN
γm = 1.2
radius of gyration, r = sqrt (Ixe/Ae) = 7773.81 mm
l= L/r
= 5643/88.169
= 64.00
ρ̊ s := 70 Mpa figure 4.10 (b), Column buckling stress
PRS = (ρs.Ae/γm) = 112.06 kN, factored compression resistance
P = 2.382 kN < PRS = 112.062 kN
Hence OK
Section Check for Bending with Axial Force (Compression)
According to BS 8118 part 1: 1991 4.8
P = 2.382 kN
PRS = 112.062 kN
My = 0 kNm
Mz = 5.653 kNm (From STAAD)

Mrx = (ρ0.Wxe/γm) = (160 x 112997.5287)/1.2

= 15.06 kNm
SC = (P/PRS + My/Mry + Mz/Mrx)
SC = 0.39 ≤ 1 Hence OK
5.2 TRANSOM DESIGN

SECTION CLASSIFICATION

Element 1
Unreinforced Flat Element (Cl 4.3.2.2)
Element under non-uniform stress gradient (4.3.2.2 (b))
dw = 127 mm Depth of Element
tw = 1.8 mm Thickness of elememt
Slenderness Parameter: β = 0.5*dw/tw = 35.27
Table 4. Limiting Value of β where,
Unwelded Internal Element ε = SQRT (250/Po)
Limiting Values: β0 = 22*e = 27.5 Po = 160 N/mm2
Limiting Values: β 1 = 18*e = 22.5 ε = 1.25
β > β 1 ---> Slender

Element 2
Unreinforced Flat Element (Cl 4.3.2.2)
Element under uniform compression (4.3.2.2 (a))
bf = 46 mm Depth of Element
tf = 2 mm Thickness of element
Slenderness Parameter: β = 1*bf/tf= 23
Table 4. Limiting Value of β
Unwelded internal Element
Limiting Values: β0 = 22*e = 27.5
Limiting Values: β 1 = 18*e = 22.5
β 1 < β < β0 ---> Semi Compact
ELEMENT2
ELEMENT1

Element Classification for Web Element

dw = 127 mm, width of the web element
tw = 1.8 mm, thickness of the web element
yc = 75.15mm, distance from neutral axis to more compressed edge
yo = -51.85 mm distance from neutral axis to other edge of element
yo/yc = -1.45 mm
g = 0.5, stress gradient coefficient (figure 4.2) FLANGE
βw = g. dw/tw, Slenderness parameter
βw = 35.27
βW= 35.27 > β1 = 22.5
Thus, the section is Slender
Element Classification for Flange Element
bf = 46 mm, width of the compression flange
tf = 2 mm, thickness of the compression flange
βf = bf/tf, slenderness parameter
βf = 23
WEB
β1 = 22.5 > βf = 23.00
Thus, the section is Semi compact
Effective Section Determination for Web Element
βw/ Ɛ = 28.22
According BS8118: part1: 1991 ‐ table 4.4, Curve selection for internal elements "C"
kL = 1, local buckling factor (according to figure 4.5 curve c)
twe = kL.tw
twe = 1.8 mm, Effective section thickness
twe = tw
7.0 DESIGN OF BRACKETS

TOP BRACKET

BOTTOM BRACKET
6.1 DESIGN OF TOP BRACKET

M12 SS ANCHOR
BOLT

M12 SS
BOLT AND NUT
WITH WASHER

STEEL BRACKET
7.2 DESIGN OF BOTTOM BRACKET
STEEL
BRACKET

M12 SS
BOLT AND NUT
WITH WASHER

M12 SS ANCHOR BOLT