L293D Motor Driver Module Arduino Tutorial

L293D Motor Driver Module
Arduino Tutorial – DC motor

control
L293D Motor Driver
L293D is a 16 pin motor driver IC consist of quadruple half H drivers. It can
simultaneously control the direction and speed of two DC motors. L293d is
a suitable device to use for stepper motors, gear motors etc.
The IC has an operating voltage range from 4.5 V to 36 V. The L293 and
L293D models can drive current up to 1A and 600mA respectively.
L293d pin diagram

L293D pinout 16 Pin PDIP Package
IC L293D pin functions

Pin 1: Enable 1,2 – This is an active high input. When the pin is high it
enables the driver channels 1 and 2.
Input High state – Enabled.
Input Low state – Disabled.
Pin 2: Input 1 – Digital input to control the output 1. The state of all
outputs OUT1, OUT2, OUT3, OUT4 will be same as the input state applied
at the corresponding inputs.
Output = Input.
High input – High output.
Low input – Low output.
Pin 3: Output 1 – Connected to one of the terminals of the motor 1;

motor 1 – connected across the output 1 and 2.
Pin 4: GND – Heatsink and Ground Connection. The GND connection
itself used as the heat sink to disperse the heat.
Pin 5: GND – Heatsink and Ground Connection.
Pin 6: Output 2 – Connected to the remaining terminal of the motor 1.
Motor terminals should be connected with respect to the inputs assigned.
Pin 7: Input 2 – Digital input to control the output 2.
Pin 8: Vcc2 – Supply to the motors, 4.5V to 36V. The supply must be
connected to a source capable enough to drive the current requirement of
the load.
Pin 9: Enable3,4 – It is also an active high input. It is to enable and
disable the driver channels 3 and 4.
Pin 10: Input 3 – Digital input to control the output 3.
Pin 11: Output 3 – Connected to one of the terminals of the motor 2;
motor 2 – connected across the output 3 and 4.
Pin 12: GND – Heatsink and Ground Connection.
Pin 13: GND – Heatsink and Ground Connection. The Ground terminals
should be soldered to a metallic area in the PCB which is enough to
transfer the heat generated.
Pin 14: Output 4 – Connected to the remaining terminal of the motor 1.
Pin 15: Input 4 – Input to control the output 4. All the inputs are
permitted only up to a maximum of 7V.
Pin 16: Vcc1 – 5V supply for the functioning of the IC.
L293D working
The IC L293D works with an H bridge arrangement, which can alternate the
polarity across a load or change the direction of the current.
Refer: DC motor direction control

H bridge Truth table

Motor
S1 S2 S3 S4
Direction
0 0 0 0 Freerunning
1 0 0 1 Clockwise
0 1 1 0 Anticlockwise
1 1 0 0 Brake
0 0 1 1 Brake
The s1 and s3, s2 and s4 are not permitted to close at a time as it will short
circuit the supply.
Simply, what a motor driver does is it act as a current amplifier which gives
high current outputs to drive the motor from a low current control signal.
Driver IC or a driver circuit is a similar H bridge arrangement instead of
switches replaced with transistors, MOSFETs, etc. Hence low current input
signals can switch these devices and operate in the same way as an H
bridge circuit works.
L293D Function Table

INPUT OUTPUT Motor Direction
IN1/IN3 IN2/IN4 OUT1/OUT3 OUT2/OUT4
0 0 0 0 Brake
1 0 1 0 Clockwise
0 1 0 1 Anti-clockwise
1 1 1 1 Brake
L293D motor driver Arduino

interfacing
Driver IC L293D is available as module and Arduino shield. L293D Motor

Driver modules usually come with an inbuilt Lm317 voltage regulator circuit
or similar voltage regulating circuit, along with connectors.
There is no difference in program or connection vice while using the L293D

IC directly or through a module.
Connect the 4 inputs and 2 enable pins to the respective digital output pins
of the arduino as declared in the code.
Driver module
L293d motor driver module connection

with Arduino Uno
The below arduino code just show you how the motor direction changes
with the change in respective input states. As given in the code, for five
seconds the motor runs in the clockwise direction, then in the
counterclockwise direction and then stops; this repeats again.

L293D Motor Driver Module Arduino Tutorial

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L293D Motor Driver Module Arduino Tutorial

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L293D Motor Driver Module

Arduino Tutorial – DC motor

L293d pin diagram

IC L293D pin functions

Input Low state – Disabled.

High input – High output.

Low input – Low output.

Pin 3: Output 1 – Connected to one of the terminals of the motor 1;

Refer: DC motor direction control

H bridge Truth table

L293D Function Table

L293D motor driver Arduino

Driver IC L293D is available as module and Arduino shield. L293D Motor

There is no difference in program or connection vice while using the L293D

L293d motor driver module connection

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