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    YEAR 13 CHECK LIST Inherited Change

    Uploaded by

    Antonia Semweya
    details on everything that is essential for you to know about chapter 16: inherited change, to excel in your Cambridge international a level biology exam

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    YEAR 13 CHECK LIST Inherited Change

    Uploaded by

    Antonia Semweya
    33 views2 pages
    details on everything that is essential for you to know about chapter 16: inherited change, to excel in your Cambridge international a level biology exam

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    YEAR 13 CHECK LIST Inherited change.docx

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    details on everything that is essential for you to know about chapter 16: inherited change, to excel in your Cambridge international a level biology exam

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    33 views2 pages

    YEAR 13 CHECK LIST Inherited Change

    Uploaded by

    Antonia Semweya
    details on everything that is essential for you to know about chapter 16: inherited change, to excel in your Cambridge international a level biology exam

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 2

    Final touch 2019 O/N

    Inherited change check list

    1. explain what is meant by homologous pairs of chromosomes

    2. explain the meanings of the terms haploid and diploid and the need for a reduction
    division (meiosis) prior to fertilisation in sexual reproduction
    I
    3. outline the role of meiosis in gametogenesis in humans and in the formation of pollen
    grains and embryo sacs in flowering plants
    I
    4. describe, with the aid of photomicrographs and diagrams, the behaviour of
    chromosomes in plant and animal cells during meiosis, and the associated behaviour of
    the nuclear envelope, cell surface membrane and the spindle (names of the main
    stages are expected, but not the sub-divisions of prophase)
    d
    5. explain how crossing over and random assortment of homologous chromosomes during
    meiosis and random fusion of gametes at fertilisation lead to genetic variation including
    the expression of rare, recessive alleles
    d
    6. explain the terms gene, locus, allele, dominant, recessive, codominant, linkage, test
    cross, F1 and F2, phenotype, genotype, homozygous and heterozygous.
    d
    7. use genetic diagrams to solve problems involving monohybrid and dihybrid crosses,
    including those involving autosomal linkage, sex linkage, codominance, multiple alleles
    and gene interactions (the term epistasis does not need to be used; knowledge of the
    expected ratio for various types of epistasis is not required. The focus is on problem
    solving)
    d
    8. use genetic diagrams to solve problems involving test crosses d) use the chi-squared
    test to test the significance of differences
    d
    9. between observed and expected results (the formula for the chi-squared test will be
    provided) (see Mathematical requirements) d
    10. explain that gene mutation occurs by substitution, deletion and insertion of base pairs
    in DNA and outline how such mutations may affect the phenotype
    d
    11. outline the effects of mutant alleles on the phenotype in the following human
    conditions: albinism, sickle cell anaemia, haemophilia and Huntington’s disease
    d
    12. explain the relationship between genes, enzymes and phenotype with respect to the
    gene for tyrosinase that is involved with the production of melanin
    d
    Final touch 2019 O/N

    a) distinguish between structural and regulatory genes and between repressible and
    inducible enzymes
    d
    b) explain genetic control of protein production in a prokaryote using the lac operon
    d
    c) explain the function of transcription factors in gene expression in eukaryotes
    d
    d) explain how gibberellin activates genes by causing the breakdown of DELLA protein
    repressors, which normally inhibit factors that promote transcription
    d

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