Kohn v. Johnson Case Brief

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Kohn v.

Johnson
Supreme Court of Alabama, 1990
Chief Justice Hornsby:

Facts: Kohn (defendant) was orally contracted to construct an addition to Johnson’s (plaintiff’s) house for
$6,500, which was later increased to $6,800. Once construction was completed, numerous problems with
the renovation were revealed. These problems included an improperly-laid and finished foundation,
numerous leaks in the ceiling, walls, and windows, an un-level ridge of the roof, and a roof that vibrated
when a nearby train passed by the house. Oddis Bruner, an expert in the construction industry with 42
years of experience, performed an inspection of the residence and determined that all of the alleged
defects were a result of poor workmanship. Such claims were backed up by numerous pieces of evidence,
such finishing nails being passed by in favor of standard nails, which rust and then “back out” of the
wood. Johnson made several attempts to get Kohn to rectify the damage, but he never did, so Johnson
filed suit against Kohn. The trial court ruled in favor of Johnson, awarding her $15,000 for monetary loss
and $20,000 for mental anguish, and Kohn appealed.

Issue 1: Did the defendant provide a finished product that required only minor alternations, as he argued?

Issue 2: Does the theory of economic waste apply in this case?

Issue 3: Did the trial court abuse its discretion by refusing to allow the jury to visit the site of the damages
incurred?

Holding 1: No

Holding 2: No

Holding 3: No

Rationale 1: Johnson would have to put considerable expense into making the addition to her house safe
and livable, estimated to be about $16,000, and the owner is typically entitled to recover such losses in
similar cases.

Rationale 2: The addition has massive defects that caused rotting, leaking, and sagging, and a foundation
that could be prone to shifting or even collapsing. This is not economic waste, and the defendant
presented no evidence to indicate that repairing the defects in the addition would amount to economic
waste. The recovery of $15,000 in damages to remedy the defects is not clearly disproportionate to the
loss of value on the house suffered by Johnson.

Rationale 3: The plaintiff produced numerous photos depicting the condition of the house addition, and it
is the trial judge’s discretion as to whether or not this is enough evidence to warrant not scheduling a site
visit. Thus, the judge was not out of line and did not abuse his discretion.

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