Riphah International University: Subject: Topic: Submitted To: Submitted By: Class: Roll No
Riphah International University: Subject: Topic: Submitted To: Submitted By: Class: Roll No
Riphah International University: Subject: Topic: Submitted To: Submitted By: Class: Roll No
Outline:
1. Criticism
2. Literary Criticism
3. History of Literary Criticism
4. Qualities of a good critic
5. Aristotle as a critic
Literary Criticism
Criticism:
A remark or comment that expresses approval or disapproval of something
or someone is known as criticism. Like; the activity of making careful
judgment about the good and bad qualities of book, movie etc. A person who
does this activity is known as a critic.
Literary Criticism:
The word ‘Criticism’ is derived from the Greek root ‘krinei’ which means to
judge and the term ‘kritikos’ which means a judge of literature.
Criticism is the reasoned consideration of literary works and issues. It
applies, as a term, to any argumentation about literature, whether or not
specific works are analyzed. Plato’s cautions against the risky consequences
of poetic inspiration in general in his Republic are thus often taken as the
earliest important example of literary criticism.
Literary criticism is an independent field of study. It justifies the literary
work. It is a systematic study of literature. It examines the excellences and
defects of a literary work and finally evaluates its artistic worth.
History of Literary Criticism:
Literary criticism begins with the Greeks, but little of their work has
survived. Aristotle’s Poetics is mostly devoted to drama; and Plato’s theories
of literature are scarcely literary criticism. From the Romans the major
works are Horace’s Ars Poetica and the works on rhetoric composed by
Cicero and Quintilian. The first important critical essay in the Christian era
is Longinus’s On His Sublime, and the first medieval critic of note was
Dante who, in his De Vulgari Eloquentic, addressed himself to the problems
of language appropriate to poetry.