Career Counseling System

CHAPTER 1
Introduction and Background

University of Lahore, Chenab Campus 1

Career Counseling System

1. Introduction and Background

1.1. Background
Career planning can be defined as the process through which students make decisions
associated with their career. Career pursuing is usually done in adolescent when one begins to
discover different career choices and relate it to their interests. Numerous components can
impact the students’ decision to take after a specific profession pathway. These components
include individual interest, family, instructors, the media, electronic data, and introduction to
the occupation itself. There is much impact on parents and teachers on students for choosing
science and engineering as a subject. [1]

There are many students who have devastated their future under pressure of parents. Because
they forced their children to take the field of their choice. In some cases, the student hasn’t
shown interests in the selected field. So, in the result, they abolished their future because of
immoral guidance of parents and instructors. The final career prediction is extraordinarily
predicted by the career choice. As we have analyzed that our nearby students are facing the
problems associated with their career such as confusion in career choice, they don’t know
about their personality, they don’t know about the upcoming merit of universities, confusion
in selecting a university. So, it is examined that the numerous student facing these problems
in their academic phase. This is a very critical phase in students’ life in which they have to
take a big decision about their career. In the result, their decision can bright or destroy their
future. So, in this phase of life, it is important to take decision wisely hence for wise
decisions they need career counseling.

Career choice is an important and difficult decision some people choose their career under
pressure but it causes huge loss. A career should be select according to interest, abilities, and
personality.

Selecting institute is very confusing for students because some of the quality institutes have
high merit. Thus, students can’t approach these institutes due to their low merit but in some
cases, they can approach these institutes but they distract because of the lake of knowledge.
They don’t have knowledge about which institute offers scholarships. Some students deserve
quality education with scholarships but these intelligent pupils have a lake of knowledge
about scholarships.

University of Lahore, Chenab Campus 2

Career Counseling System

Career counseling and direction is necessary for undeveloped individuals to be able to

discover the abilities inclinations and to outline their future. The student must need career
counseling and proper academic guidance to explore their future.

In order to solve these problems, we are presenting a system “Career counseling”. The
proposed system is distributed in three android application. There are two main modules of
this system are; AIM IT and PLAN IT. These applications will play the role of career
counselors. This system will be beneficial for students and their career because in this system
we have targeted students.

There are some techniques used in our project for the implementation of the system. We have
used regression analysis statistical technique of data mining in PLAN IT module for merit
prediction process by the analysis of previous year’s merit. We have used the Myer-Briggs
Type Indicator theory of self-assessment test in AIM IT module for personality type
prediction.

1.1.1. Career Counselling

There is a number of influences that can possessions to career growth, these factors include
comforts, capabilities, standards, behavior background, and surroundings. Career counseling
is a manner that can help us in knowing and recognize our self in order to make career
decisions. It is not only for making decisions or deciding the foremost and professions it is
more than decision making procedure. It is really an enduring process, meaning that
throughout our life may be changed, we may be changed and maybe the situations will
change in future and we will continually have to style the career verdicts.

The goal of career counseling is to not only help us to make the decisions we need to make
now but to give us the knowledge and skills we need to make future career and life decisions.
[4]
In some cases, it is found this stress is beneficial to a certain level which stimulates
students to look for help and this eventually reduces the chance of less optimal decision. [5]
Career counselors and career guidance workshops also have an impact on a career decision. [6]

As we observe that career counseling is an essential factor for identifying the real potential
and guiding students toward the right career path. Students need to know the importance of
career coaching and right guidance before they are going to choose an academic stream after
taking board exams. It will be helpful in choosing a career goal, planning and give a direction
to students for a better future ahead. It is a need as most student pick commonly known

University of Lahore, Chenab Campus 3

Career Counseling System

domains as their career option. It is an effort for students’ career guidance right from their
school about the available career options as per their interest and stream of academics.
Through career counseling, an analysis can be done for students which will help them find
out their interests and also strengths and weaknesses. As our point of view, career counseling
should be done after intermediate because these are the levels where students choose a
particular stream as their specialization and also, it will be helpful for them to decide the
stream they should opt for. Various students are not satisfied with the stream they choose and
tend to change it; this happens in the absence of proper guidance about options available as
per their interest and different education stream. Usually, individuals finish up in taking the
wrong career assortment in direction to attain the goals. Also, they comprehend that the
career choice they have selected isn’t destined for them, or it dawns upon them the selection
they have selected isn’t solid enough to keep them interested or excited during their
professional lives. As a result, they incline to rely on the expert’s advice, and that is where a
guide steps in. People find themselves in state of dilemma before making important decisions
in their lives. Everyone pursues guidance from parents and friends before deciding on what to
wear. Being a rational individual, people continuously want to get what’s best for them.
Shouldn’t the same logic be applied while choosing a career, or changing career paths. In
other words, when students are finally done with their high school, the real confusion as of
what subjects to take up, which college to seek admission in, what profession to go with,
starts. Student often don’t know what they want to study and which profession or career will
be suitable for them or which career is matched with their so, to evade these confusions
career counseling is introduced for students, because it helps to classify comforts, choice the
suitable scheme for career, and lastly, make the selection of the correct career. A career guide
helps the pupils by informing them about the better career opportunities and the right
direction to do the best performance in the field they have chosen for themselves.

1.1.2. Importance of Career Counselling

There are various aids of career counseling some of them are described below. When it
comes to select any career from the number of choices it is easy to feel confused to select the
right career path, career counseling can help in selecting the accurate as far as analytic what
career to emphasis on. Here are some benefits of career counseling:
• Career counseling helps to discard the confusion for those students who complete their
education. Sometimes students fall into confusion in making the right choices for their

University of Lahore, Chenab Campus 4

Career Counseling System

future career. So, by seeking the help of career advisor they can develop clarity in their
mind about to choose the right career path.
• It will classify choices in a career as per interest. Whether students are fresh on the
employment soon, they may be astonished at the full variety of career options available
today. It can save time and efforts by working on realistic career goals that are right for
you.
• It helps in analyzing the strength and weakness when someone involves in career
counseling, as someone will most probable to working with the trained professional or
experienced personnel who can provide them various aptitude and career assessment
tests. These tests are designed to match their natural skills, strength, and abilities with
key components of specific careers. They will also be able to examine their strength
and weakness. So, they can avoid working in the direction of a career that will only
lead to frustration.
• When you come to set the goal of your life, career counseling will play an important
role in the goal-setting process by the help of career counseling it will produce a
greater result. The career counselor can help you to detect the desirable phases to
influence the significant goals along the way as you explore new career options. This
can be a major benefit for you if you struggle with reaching goals or making changes,
as you will be accountable not only to yourself but to another person.
• Career Counselling helps students in comprehend and discovery of their right career
options.
• It is very significant to set a specific goal in life. Many people become confused while
defining the goal and because of confusion they cannot be able to make any goal in
their life, but career counseling will help them in making a goal and removing their
confusion in choosing a career. [6]
• Career counseling can save time and money. Sometimes student selects the career
without their interests by the force of parents or suggestions of friends or surrounding
people. So, this can cause failure for them after some time, they realized that they have
chosen wrong career choice, then they again try move forward in their interesting field
and but in this case they waste a portion of their quality time and money. [6]
Afterward intended the benefits of career counseling for students’ academics it is scrutinized
that this is very significant for their bright future.

University of Lahore, Chenab Campus 5

Career Counseling System

1.2. Statement of the problem

We observed that thousands of students appear in the college admission test every year. Some
of them appeared in MCAT (Medical College Entrance Test) conducted under the
supervision of UHS (University of Health Sciences) [7] and some of them appeared in UET
(University of Engineering and Technology) [8] entry test. But, it is examined that very few
numbers of students got admission in university where they had applied. There are some
reasons such as the problem of career selection, institute selection, the lake of knowledge
about the merit of the institute, they don’t know about their personality. There are many
dilemmas facing by students after high school often students are confused with their careers
that they have to do now? Although many times people around them give advice. Many times
student go out on the wrong path due to confusion or on advise of their elders, they will not
determine their goal, they surrounded by negativity and sometimes they waste their quality
time and money on the wrong path and later they realize they are going on wrong. So,
because of these reasons usually, the student got confused at this phase of life and never take
the best-fit decision about their career, in this case, the steps to the path of failure. Most of
them don’t have knowledge about scholarships. They have a lake of knowledge about which
universities offer scholarships because of this reason many scholars waste their time and
failed to gain a quality education. These problems can extinguish the career of students
because they are failed to get proper guidance about their career.

1.3. Project Overview Statement

In the proposed project “Career Counselling System” we have targeted the students because it
is very important for them in their academic career. The main modules of our project are as
follow:
• PLAN IT
In this module, we will solve problems such as institute selection and merit
prediction. It is consist of students’ academic profile, merit calculator, merit predictor,
wish-list, news, and notification. It will predict the upcoming merit of targeted
universities. So, students will get help in selecting universities. They can add desired
universities in wish-list. They will get notifications and news about universities added
in wish-list.
• AIM IT

University of Lahore, Chenab Campus 6

Career Counseling System

In this module, students will get help in choosing their career according to their
personality type. It will consist of a personality test, strength, and weakness, college
major, daily tips, love life, and friendships. Students/users will take a personality in
result they will know about their personality type. According to personality type, they
will introduce their college major, professions, strength and weakness, love life and
friendships.
• MANAGE IT
In this module, an admin will manage the system by updating adding and deleting the
existing record of the system. They will manage the database of the system.

This particular project deal with the problems facing by students while taking decisions about
their academic career.
The disadvantages with existing applications are that they are not predicting merit and filter
professions according to the student’s personality and ability. We can enhance proficiency.

1.3.1. Project Goal

The leading aim line of the planned project is to forecast the upcoming merit of targeted
universities and suggest a suitable career to the user according to their personality type.

1.3.2. Objectives

• Predict the upcoming merit of the institute.

• Develop an intelligent application.
• Profession prediction according to the user’s personality type.
• Calculate the personality type of user by taking a personality test.
• Display the best result within seconds according to user’s input.
• Notify users about universities they have added to the wish-list.
• Calculate the aggregate of students according to merit criteria of targeted universities.

1.4. Assumptions and Risks

The risks and assumptions for the proposed project are described below:
Assumptions:
• Users may have access to the internet connection.
• The project will be completed on time.

University of Lahore, Chenab Campus 7

Career Counseling System

• The user may have a profile before the recommendation.

• The application will give the expected result.
• The universities will provide their merit list on their website.

Risks:

• The scope is more than estimated time might it not be capable to implement all
modules.
• Due to less time, we might not be capable to deliver the project on time.
• The user may fail to access the internet connection on a Smartphone.
• We are using an online database so it may be costly.
• Most of the data for the project is gathered from internet sources, it may be incorrect.

1.5. Why Android?

We are using android operating system for our application because Android is an open source
and Linux-based Operating System for mobile devices such as smartphones and tablet
computers. Android was developed by the Open Handset Alliance, led by Google, and other
companies.
Android offers a unified approach to application development for mobile devices which
means developers need only develop for Android, and their applications should be able to run
on different devices powered by Android. [10]

1.5.1. Reasons

• The Android operating system provides us an open-source podium.

• Android OS allow us the reusability of gears.
• It can be native access to Google map infrastructure.
• It allows the Larger Developer and communal reach.
• It is famous and increased promotion.
• It allows Inter-Application Integration.
• It reduced the cost of development. The success ratio of the Android operating system is
very high.
• Android allows the Rich Development Environment.
• Android provides us Stretchy Gradle-based physique system.

University of Lahore, Chenab Campus 8

Career Counseling System

• Android is a fast and feature-rich emulator.

• It allows the Instant Run to push changes to run the app without building new APK.
• Android supports extensive testing tools and frameworks.
• Android is built-in support for Google Cloud Platform, making it easy to integrate Google
Cloud Messaging and App Engine.

1.5.2. Features

There are various features of Android some of them are enlisted below:

i. Beautiful UI

Android OS supports a beautiful user-interface its basic screen provides a beautiful and
instinctive user interface. [10]

ii. Connectivity

Android supports the connectivity of GSM/EDGE, IDEN, CDMA, EV-DO, UMTS,

Bluetooth, WI-FI, LTE, NFC, and WiMAX. [10]

iii. Storage

Android has built-in database SQLite, it is a lightweight relational database, and it is used for
data storage purposes. [10]

iv. Media support

Android operating system supports the media such as; H.263, H.264, MPEG-4 SP, AMR,
AMR-WB, AAC, HE-AAC, AAC 5.1, MP3, MIDI, Ogg Vorbis, WAV, JPEG, PNG, GIF,
and BMP.[10]

v. Multi-touch

It has native support for multi-touch which was initially made available in handsets such as
the HTC Hero. [10]

1.6. Firebase Database

We have used the Firebase Database because it is an online database and it stores the data
very efficiently. Firebase Database is not a Relational Database. Firebase is a real-time
database which allows storing a tree of lists of objects. It allows synchronizing data
between different devices. It is a NoSQL JSON database.

University of Lahore, Chenab Campus 9

Career Counseling System

1.6.1. Firebase Pros and Cons

Pros Cons
Firebase is providing the auto-scaling built- Firebase has very limited queries and
in feature. indexes.
Firebase can start for free for study purpose. It needs to build indexes manually.
It only needs to start paying once we hit 50
connection.
Firebase provides a real-time database It may need to build an event log manually.
Firebase provides us built-in support for It cannot support aggregation.
authentication services like Facebook,
Google, and Twitter.
It supports JSON (JavaScript Object It is not used widely in enterprises.
Notation) storage which means that no
barrier between data and objects.

1.7. Software Engineering Methodology

In this project, we have used two models for the development of the proposed system;
prototype model and incremental model.

The prototype model is used in this project because it became easy for us to detect the errors
and missing functionality at the earlier stage of development in this methodology working
model of the system is given to users so they can get better sympathetic of system. The
visualization of the prototype model is shown below:

Figure 1-1 Prototype Model

Incremental model is used because of its flexibility, in this model, every module will permit
through the requirement, design, implementation and testing phases. This model is less costly
as compared to others. It is also easy to debug and test during the smaller iteration. The risks
are easily handled in this model because the risky pieces identified during iteration.

University of Lahore, Chenab Campus 10

Career Counseling System

Figure 1-2 Prototype Model

University of Lahore, Chenab Campus 11

Career Counseling System

CHAPTER 2
Literature Review

University of Lahore, Chenab Campus 12

Career Counseling System

2. Literature Review

There are few articles, research and related projects on “Career Counselling System” in
which students are embattled for career guide, there are some research papers in which
researchers analyzed that career guidance for students is very essential for their bright future
and some relatable projects we have discussed in this chapter.

2.1. Related Articles

Overview of articles of some related technologies used in the proposed project are described
below:

2.1.1. Personality Prediction:

 Jonathon Bollag’s article about ‘Myer Briggs Type Indicator’, in which author
described that the MBTI (Myer-Briggs Type Indicator) is a self-help assessment test
through which author translating an individual’s specific interests, preferences, and
needs into a rich and fulfilling work and personal life, and in providing direction for
those seeking a new professional career. [13]

 The Myers Briggs Type Indicator, in this article author, has described the MBTI which
is a 126 self-assessment portfolio that provides the individual with some sympathetic
into his or her personality. He described that the Myers Briggs Indicator was initially
constructed on an irreplaceable usual of concepts and ideologies about personality, it
appears that over the sequence of up-to-date thinking various programs have tried to
bond with the sixteen personality types from the Myers Briggs Indicator to constructing
the agendas that are actual for each individual. [15]

 Allen H. Hammer described that the mutual strong and MBTI (Myer Briggs Type
Indicator) career report was deliberated to help an individual to recognize their career
favorites and comforts in order to help people to find the career that will match with
their personality type. There are 16 personality types describe by MBTI and each type is
provoked with different obstacles and complexities. Everyone has their strengths and
weakness they are contingent on while career exploration.  Allen H. Hammer explains
in a text entitled Introduction to Type and Careers potential obstacles and potential
strengths for each of the 16 personality types. [17]

University of Lahore, Chenab Campus 13

Career Counseling System

2.1.2. Merit Prediction Technique:

Priyanka Sinha’s research on ‘Multivariate Polynomial Regression’, in this article author has
discussed a data mining technique that is used for value forecasting when there are multiple
values that contribute to the approximation of values. The conclusion of this research is
described that data mining is consists of data sets with a variety of properties in real time
problems. The values of such problems can be predicted by several forms of regression.
When there are multiple values it can be predicted by the Multivariate Polynomial
Regression. These values might be similar or related to each other and can be converted to an
independent variable set which can be used for better regression approximation using feature
reduction techniques. [14]

2.1.3. Career Counselling:

 An author underscored additional significant characteristic by the study in which they

have labeled that very few numbers of high school students or high school graduates
option to specialized career counseling on their own inspiration, outside the
educational foundation. In this article author elaborate the importance of career
counseling for high school students and also he highlighted the need for national
policies to be developed need to make the career counseling system should
compulsory in high schools. The results established the properties drawn, in order to
determine the want and worth of counseling and career guidance and the mistreatment
welfares. [18]

 In another research, authors concluded that the highest school students possess the
appropriate knowledge, positive attitude but lack of proper practices. The effort to
show the importance of career counseling for students in high school they described
that the Students consider career counseling to be really significant and they are really
concerned in acquiring appropriate guidance. Parents seemed to play an influential
role in their choices. It is evident that very few schools provide with career counseling
session and there is no concept of the presence of career counselors in any school of
Pakistan. [16]

2.2. Related Projects

There are many projects which are presented in the Android OS, these all describe the career
guide. All of them have different purposes but the same thing is they all have target career

University of Lahore, Chenab Campus 14

Career Counseling System

guidance. Approximately of them only for personality test with different logics and
techniques. Some of them are given below:

2.2.1. Career Guide

This Career Guide is an android application. It helps you to know information about different
career options and suggest you different institutes which are offering the selected career it is
an Indian application so they only target the Indian institutes. In this application, various
fields are displayed like designing, Engineering, accounting, etc. when user select any of
them it will show the detailed description of the selected field and best fit institutes. [19]

Limitations and Bottlenecks:

 This application only targets Indian institutes.
 Professions are not suggested according to personality.

2.2.2. Career Guide

This is an android application that contains a lot of departments and different fields of study
also suggests institutes which are offering these courses and it described the eligibility,
aggregate, duration, admission criteria and description of institutes. It is an Indian application
and they only targeted institutes of India. [20]

Limitations and Bottlenecks:

 Country constraint.
 The profession is not filtered according to the user’s personality.
 University’s merit is not predicted.
 There is no information about scholarships.

2.2.3. Career Guide [After 10th, 12th and Jobs]

This application is also doing the same as other they suggest a different type of departments
and related fields and the description of them. It filters the trendy professions and also gives
the resume guidelines, tips and advice too. [21]

Limitations and Bottlenecks:

 The profession is not filtered according to the user’s personality type.

University of Lahore, Chenab Campus 15

Career Counseling System

 They are not predicting upcoming merit.

2.2.4. Career Guidelines

Career Guidelines only suggest departments with their descriptions and institutes. It is only
targeted institutes which are situated in India. [22]

2.2.5. Personality Trait Test

This is an android application This Personality test or assessment are deliberated to produce
rapidly and correctly defined personality types according to the Briggs Myers theory. It is
founded on the philosophy of 16 Personality types which is initially developed by
Psychologist Isabel Briggs Myers on Research work of Carl Jung. They are only taking a
personality test. [23]

2.2.6. Know Yourself Personality Trait Test

This is an android application only taking a personality test of users by using another theory
of psychology and describe the users’ personality by asking a different type of psychological
question. [24]

2.2.7. Ilmkidunya.com

This a web application they are doing many things like information about admission open in
institutes over Pakistan and they are also providing information about institutes which are
offering scholarships. [25]
Limitations and Bottlenecks:

 This web application is not predicting upcoming merit of institutes.

 There is no guidance for the student’s career.

2.2.8. Indeed.com

This website only describes sixteen personality types and enlist professions according to
types. [26] They are not taking a personality test.

University of Lahore, Chenab Campus 16

Career Counseling System

2.2.9. 16personalities.com
This website takes a personality test of the user by asking some questions and then display
the result of users’ personality by using Briggs Myers’ personality type theory. [27]

2.2.10. Humanmertics.com

This website is the same as above which are taking only a personality test by asking a
different question to the user and then display the result to the user. This personality test is
based on Carl Jung’s and Isabel Briggs Myers’ personality type theory. [28]

University of Lahore, Chenab Campus 17

Career Counseling System

CHAPTER 3

Software Requirements
And
Specifications

University of Lahore, Chenab Campus 18

Career Counseling System

3. Requirement Analysis

3.1 Use case Diagrams

The devotions of use case diagrams can be supposed to be as follows:

 Use case diagram is used to collect the requirements of a system.

 It is used to get an outside view of a system.

 It is used to identify the external and internal factors influencing the system.

 It shows the interaction between the requirements and actors.

3.1.1. AIM IT

Figure 3-1 AIM IT Use Case Diagram

University of Lahore, Chenab Campus 19

Career Counseling System

3.1.2. PLAN IT

Figure 3-2 PLAN IT Use Case Diagram

University of Lahore, Chenab Campus 20

Career Counseling System

3.1.3. MANAGE IT

Figure 3-3 MANAGE IT Use Case Diagram

University of Lahore, Chenab Campus 21

Career Counseling System

3.2. AIM IT Use cases

The use case for AIM IT have premeditated. It will be labeled how the user will perform a
task on our application. Apiece use case is characterized as an arrangement of modest phases,
start with a user's goal and finish when that aim is satisfied. The use case for AIM IT are
enlisted below:
• Take Test
• Professions
• General
• Strength and Weakness
• College Major
• Tip of the Day
• Love Life &Friendship

3.2.1. Take Test

Use Case ID UC001

Use Case Name Take test
Created By Areesha Nadeem
Created Date 14-03-2019

Actor User
Description This feature is a substantial feature of our application in which user
will take their personality test by answering the given questionnaire.
Pre-conditions User must access to an application.
Post-conditions User successfully got their personality type
Priority High
Includes/Extend Personality type

Main Success Scenario System Response

User will answer the question by clicking on The software will calculate the score of the
a button. User should answer honestly with user’s test
a proper concentrate on questions

3.2.2. Professions

Use Case ID UC002

Use Case Name Professions
Created By Areesha Nadeem
Created Date 17-03-2019

Actor User
Description In this feature, the application will filter the professions according to

University of Lahore, Chenab Campus 22

Career Counseling System

the user’s personality test and suggest that multiple professions to

users for their career.
Pre-conditions User must take a personality test.
Post-conditions User successfully suggested the filtered professions
Priority High
Includes/Extend Personality type

Main Success Scenario System Response

User will check suggested profession by The software will display the list of
clicking the “profession” button. professions according to the user’s
personality type.

3.2.3. Strength and Weakness

Use Case ID UC004

Use Case Name Strength and weakness
Created By Mudassar Arshad
Created Date 18-03-2019

Actor User
Description In this feature strength and weakness of user according to their
personality type will be described.
Pre-conditions Users must take a personality test.
Post-conditions User successfully check their strength and weakness according to
their personality type
Priority Moderate.
Includes/Extend Personality type

Main Success Scenario System Response

User will check their strength and weakness The software will display the strength and
by clicking “strength and weakness” button. weakness of the user according to their
personality type.

3.2.4. Tip of the Day

Use Case ID UC005

Use Case Name Tip of the day
Created By Mudassar Arshad
Created Date 18-03-2019

Actor User
Description This feature is an optional feature of our application in which user
will get daily tips or advice.

University of Lahore, Chenab Campus 23

Career Counseling System

Pre-conditions Users must take a personality test.

Post-conditions User will check daily tips successfully.
Priority Low
Includes/Extend Personality type

Main Success Scenario System Response

User will check the tips by clicking the The software will display daily tips
button tips of the day. according to the user’s personality type.

University of Lahore, Chenab Campus 24

Career Counseling System

3.2.5. College Major

Use Case ID UC006

Use Case Name College Major
Created By Areesha Nadeem
Created Date 26-03-2019

Actor User
Description This is an optional feature of the proposed application in which
application will suggest the college major according to the user’s
personality type.
Pre-conditions User must take a personality test.
Post-conditions Users will get the college major according to their personality type.
Priority Low
Includes/Extend Personality type

Main Success Scenario System Response

Users will check their college major by The application will display the college
click on the button “College Major” major according to the user’s personality
type.

3.2.6. General

Use Case ID UC007

Use Case Name General
Created By Areesha Nadeem
Created Date 26-03-2019

Actor User
Description This feature is an optional feature of the proposed application.
Pre-conditions User must take a personality test.
Post-conditions User will check the general information.
Priority Low
Includes/Extend Personality type

Main Success Scenario System Response

User will check the general information by The software will display general
clicking the button “General” information.

3.2.7. Love Life & Friendship

Use Case ID UC008

Use Case Name Love Life& Friendship

University of Lahore, Chenab Campus 25

Career Counseling System

Created By Areesha Nadeem

Created Date 01-04-2019

Actor User
Description This an optional feature. User will check their love life and
friendships according to their personality type.
Pre-conditions User must take a personality test.
Post-conditions Users will check their love life and friendships.
Priority Low
Includes/Extend Personality type

Main Success Scenario System Response

Users will check their love life and The application will display the love life
friendships by click on the button “love life and friendships of the user according to
and friendships” their personality type.

3.3. PLAN It Use Cases

Use cases for PLAN it is enlisted below:

• Sign Up
• My Profile
• Wishlist
• Notifications
• Merit
• Find University
• News
• Help

3.3.1. Sign Up

Use Case ID PUC001

Use Case Name Sign Up
Created By Areesha Nadeem
Created Date 14-04-2019

Actor User
Description This feature is a significant feature of our application in which user
can get registration to an application. User should enter his/her
email, password and confirm password.
Pre-conditions User must enter his credential
Post-conditions User successfully got registered in Database
Priority High
Includes Validation
Main Success Scenario System Response

University of Lahore, Chenab Campus 26

Career Counseling System

User will input his/her username Username will be stored in Database by

software
User will enter his/her Email address The email will be stored in the database by
software
User will input his/her password Password will be stored in database
successfully
User will confirm his/her password The software will match the user’s
password with the password stored in the
database
Extensions
1. Username is already used.
User will be required to use another username.
2. The two passwords are different.
Users need to retype the password.

3.3.2. My Profile

Use Case ID PUC002

Use Case Name My Profile
Created By Areesha Nadeem
Created Date 14-04-2019

Actor User
Description In this feature, users can view edit and save their academic
information in the database by filling the required fields.
Pre-conditions User must be logged in to the application.
Post-conditions User will successfully edit view and save the record.
Priority High

Main Success Scenario System Response

Users will enable editing by clicking on the The application will enable editing.
button Edit.
Users will edit, view, update and save the The application will show the success
profile in the database. message like “record saved successfully”
Users will save their profile by clicking the The application will store data in the
button “Save” database

3.3.3. News

Use Case ID PUC002

Use Case Name My Profile
Created By Mudassar Arshad
Created Date 15-04-2019

Actor User

University of Lahore, Chenab Campus 27

Career Counseling System

Description Users can view the latest news of one week regarding universities
they have added to wish list.
Pre-conditions User must add any university to wish list.
Post-conditions User can see the news details on their related websites.
Priority Moderate

Main Success Scenario System Response

User will open news by clicking the button The application will display news
“News”
User will view given news.

3.3.4. Wishlist

Use Case ID PUC002

Use Case Name Wishlist
Created By Areesha Nadeem
Created Date 16-04-2019

Actor User
Description User can add desired universities in wishlist
Pre-conditions User must subscribe to the desired universities
Post-conditions User will receive a notification related to these university's events.
Priority Moderate

Main Success Scenario System Response

User will add desired universities to wishlist
The application will add desired
universities to wish list.
User will open wishlist by clicking the The application will display the list of
button wish list universities in the wish list.
User can add universities in wishlist Applicatthe ion will add the university to
manually wishlist
Use can delete universities from wishlist The application will delete the university
from wishlist

3.3.5. Find University

Use Case ID PUC002

Use Case Name Find Universities
Created By Mudassar Arshad
Created Date 16-04-2019

Actor User
Description In this feature, the upcoming merit of the targeted university will be

University of Lahore, Chenab Campus 28

Career Counseling System

displayed with the name, department, and the area of the university.
Pre-conditions Users must have their profile.
Post-conditions User can add searched university in wishlist
Priority High

Main Success Scenario System Response

User will open university’s lists by clicking The application will show the categories of
the button “Find My University ” universities.
User will select the category by clicking the The application will display the
button. departments according to the selected
category with their upcoming merit.

3.3.6. Notifications

Use Case ID PUC002

Use Case Name Notifications
Created By Areesha Nadeem
Created Date 16-04-2019

Actor User
Description In this feature, the user will view the notifications about universities
that they have added in the wishlist.
Pre-conditions User must have some universities in the wish list.
Post-conditions User will view the notifications successfully.
Priority Moderate

Main Success Scenario System Response

User will open notifications by clicking the The application will show the notifications.
notification button
User will view the list of notifications about Wishlist will display by the system.
universities he has added in the wish list.

3.3.7. Merit

Use Case ID PUC002

Use Case Name Merit
Created By Areesha Nadeem
Created Date 14-04-2019

Actor User
Description User can calculate his aggregate according to different university’s
merit criteria or merit calculating formula.
Pre-conditions User must have completed his profile.
Post-conditions User will successfully view his aggregate.
Priority Moderate

University of Lahore, Chenab Campus 29

Career Counseling System

Main Success Scenario System Response

User will open merit by clicking merit Calculated aggregate for all universities
button will be shown on the screen.
User will fill the required field The application will calculate the merit.

University of Lahore, Chenab Campus 30

Career Counseling System

3.3.8. Help

Use Case ID PUC002

Use Case Name Help
Created By Mudassar Arshad
Created Date 16-04-2019

Actor User
Description User can get help in this feature
Pre-conditions User must be authenticated
Post-conditions User get help successfully
Priority Low

Main Success Scenario System Response

User will contact with application help The system will set a call to application
support represented represents.
User can view the application wizard The system will show the document to the
document for help. user.

3.4. MANAGE It Use Cases

Use cases for MANAGE It is enlisted below:
• Notifications
• News
• Universities
• Add Record
• Delete Record
• View Record
• Edit Record

3.4.1. Notification

Use Case ID MUC001

Use Case Name My Profile
Created By Mudassar Arshad
Created Date 18-04-2019

Actor Admin
Description This feature is for backend control. Admin will send or update the
notification to the audience.
Pre-conditions Admin must be authenticated.
Post-conditions Admin add notifications successfully
Priority High

University of Lahore, Chenab Campus 31

Career Counseling System

Main Success Scenario System Response

Admin will open the news fill the details The system will send a notification.
and press the send button

3.4.2. News

Use Case ID MUC002

Use Case Name News
Created By Areesha Nadeem
Created Date 18-04-2019

Actor Admin
Description Admin will enter the news and send it to the audience.
Pre-conditions Admin must be authenticated.
Post-conditions News successfully send the updated news.
Priority High

Main Success Scenario System Response

Admin will open the new The system will show the news
Admin will fill the news The system will send a confirmation
message.
Admin will update the news The system will update the news.
Admin will delete the news The system will delete the news.

3.4.3. Universities

Use Case ID MUC003

Use Case Name Universities
Created By Areesha Nadeem
Created Date 18-04-2019

Actor User
Description Admin will add delete and update the universities record
Pre-conditions Admin must be authenticated.
Post-conditions Admin will successfully add delete and update the record.
Priority High

Main Success Scenario System Response

Admin will open universities by clicking the The system will show the universities.
button
Admin will add university’s record The system will add a record in the
database.
Admin will delete university’s record The system will delete record in the
database.
Admin will update universities record The system will update the record in the

University of Lahore, Chenab Campus 32

Career Counseling System

database.

3.5. Requirement Exploration

The requirements are metaphors of the services that a software system must deliver and the
restrictions under which it must activate. It can assortment from high-level theoretical
statements of amenities or system restrictions to detailed mathematical functional
specifications. Requirement analysis is an important phase in which the requirements of the
proposed system is deliberated. It is the basic core of developing any project. The need for
the proposed system is discussed in this phase. Requirement analysis provides the foundation
of the desired system. It is the purpose that the offered a set of requirements owns the
following abilities; correctness, unambiguousness, completeness, consistency, verifiability,
modifiability and traceability.
Requirement analysis is a challenging phase as customers and their comforts are brought into
the process of determining requirements. The quality of any project is highly dependent on
the usefulness of the requirements analysis. Since the requirements form the basis for all
future work on the project, it is of the utmost importance that the project team creates a
complete and precise depiction of all requirements that the project must be performed.
We can analyze the requirements into two further phases for our proposed system.

Functional Requirements: The requirement which stipulates that what the system should
do. It will define a precise performance of the purpose of the system when the convinced
ailment is met. Requirements in which consumer directly cooperate.
In other words, it is the user point of view. Basically, functional requirements are statements
of facilities that the system should provide, how the system should respond to specific inputs
and how the system should perform in precise circumstances. [29]
Non-Functional Requirements: The requirement which specifies how the system
accomplishes the convinced purpose. It will define how a system should work and what
restrictions there are on its functionality.
Non-functional requirements are the restrictions on the facilities or purposes presented by the
[29]
system such as timing restraints, limitations on the development process, standards, etc.
these are the requirements that define the features on the back end from which user does not
have to interact. The requirements which fulfill the functional requirements. It’s about the
system.

University of Lahore, Chenab Campus 33

Career Counseling System

3.6. AIM IT Functional requirements

Functional requirements of the proposed project are enlisted below:

 Personality test
 Welcome activity
 Result
 User manual
 Professions
 Tip of the day
 College major
 General
 Strength and weakness
 Merit prediction
 Scholarships

3.6.1. Welcome

This feature is optional when user first-time login to an application welcome activity will
display to the user in which user will write his/her name and click on Get Started button for
navigate to home activity. Welcome activity is used to decorum the users and also used for
beautification.
FR1: The application will welcome the user on the first time they open it.
FR2: The welcome screen will contain Get Started Button.
FR3: In Welcome activity, there will be one text view in which the user will
enter his/her name.
FR4: User will be navigated to the home page after clicking the button on
welcome activity.

3.6.2. User Manual

User Manual is optional in any application in which user will introduce about the application.
This feature is used for beautification of application, user guidance and for making it user-
friendly interface.
FR5: The user manual will introduce the user about the application.
FR6: Short description of features will show in the user manual.
FR7: The user manual should contain the ‘Skip’ button.
FR8: User should skip the user manual if they are not interested to read it.
FR9: User will redirect to welcome activity after skipping the user manual.

University of Lahore, Chenab Campus 34

Career Counseling System

3.6.3. Home

Home activity is the main activity of any application. It contains the main features or modules
of any system.
FR10: Buttons for navigating to sub-activities will be situated on home activity.
FR11: User’s name will be displayed on the top of home activity.
FR12: Result of a user’s personality type will be updated on home activity.

3.6.4. Personality Test

This is an essential feature of the proposed application in which user can test their personality
by answering the given questionnaire.
FR13: Personality test should contain close-ended questions.
FR14: Result of the personality test will display in another activity named result.

3.6.5. Result

The result is an essential feature of the proposed application in which the result of the
personality test will display in detail. User’s personality type will be calculated in this feature.
FR15: Calculate personality type will display in percentage.
FR16: A progress bar will be displayed according to percentage.

3.6.6. Professions

This is also an essential feature of proposed application in which professions according to the
user’s personality will be filtered and displayed in professional activity.
FR17: Profession according to user’s personality type and interests will be
filtered.

3.6.7. Strength and Weakness

In this feature strength and weakness of user’s according to their personality type will be
described. It will also display the predicted personality type and title on top.
FR18: User’s strength and weakness according to their personality type will be
described.

University of Lahore, Chenab Campus 35

Career Counseling System

3.6.8. Tip of the Day

This is neither essential nor optional feature of proposed application in which daily tips for
the user will display on the screen.
FR19: Daily tips for the user will be displayed on the screen named tips of the
day.

3.7. PLAN IT

This is a significant feature of planned application in which upcoming merit of targeted

universities will be predicted through which users will know about the institutes in which
their merit will lie.
User can make their academic profile in which they required to enter their marks and
qualification. The functional requirements of “PLAN IT” are enlisted and elaborated below:
 Registration
 Login
 My Profile
 Notification
 News
 Wish List
 Merit Calculator
 Find My University
 Help
 Logout

3.7.1. Registration

This feature is considered as a significant feature of any Application where any new user gets
registered. Here certain fields are needed to be filled up, that includes Name, Email,
Password, Confirm Password. The data provided here will be entered in the Database and
will authenticate the user when he will try to login again.
FR20: The application should register the users.
FR21: Users will enter Email ID.
FR22: Users will enter a password.
FR23: Users will re-enter the password.
FR24: The application will authenticate the Email ID.

University of Lahore, Chenab Campus 36

Career Counseling System

FR25: The application will authenticate the Password.

FR26: The application will show the authentication message.
FR27: Users will press the “Register” button for registration.
FR28: The application will show the success message.

3.7.2. Login

Login considered as a significant feature of any Application in which registered user can log
in to the application. If any new user tries to login they must have to register their self to the
application only authorized user can access the application.
FR29: Users will enter Email.
FR30: Users will enter Password.
FR31: Email and Password must be authenticated from Database accordingly.
FR32: The application should display the authentication error message.
FR33: Login activity should contain the button “Sign Up”.
FR34: User will navigate to sign up activity by pressing the button “Sign Up”.
FR35: User will login to the application by pressing the button “Login”

3.7.3. My Profile

This feature is an essential feature of PLAN IT module in this feature user will make their
profile by filling the required fields. User can edit and save their profile in the database.
FR36: Users will enter their full name.
FR37: Users will enter their Email ID.
FR38: Users should enter their obtained mark in matric.
FR39: Users should enter their total marks in matric.
FR40: Users should select the category (CS, Bio, etc.) in which they have
completed their matric.
FR41: Users should select the category (ICS, ICOM, FSC, etc.) in which they
have completed their intermediate.
FR42: Users should enter their obtained marks in intermediate.
FR43: Users should enter their total marks in intermediate.
FR44: Users should select the category (ECAT, MCAT, NTS, etc.)in which they
have completed their Test.
FR45: Users should enter their obtained marks in the test.
FR46: User will enable the editing of profile by clicking the button “Edit”
FR47: Profile data will be stored in the database.
FR48: Users will save their profile by clicking the button “Save”
FR49: The application will show the confirmation message like “Record is saved
successfully”.

3.7.4. Wish List

In this feature, the user will add their desired universities in the wishlist.

University of Lahore, Chenab Campus 37

Career Counseling System

FR50: Users will add the desired university in wishlist manually.

3.7.5. News

In this feature, the user will get the news about the universities they have added in the wish
list.
FR51: Users will check the updated news about the universities they have added in
wishlist.

3.7.6. Notification

In this feature, the user will get the notifications about the universities they have added in
wishlist.
FR52: Users will check the updated notifications about the universities they have
added in wishlist.

3.7.7. Merit Calculator

In this feature, the user can calculate their merit by filling the required fields. Merit will be
calculated according to the merit criteria of targeted universities.
FR53: User will calculate their merit by entering their marks and other required
fields.
FR54: The application should calculate the merit according to the merit criteria of
targeted universities.

3.7.8. Find My University

This is an essential feature of PLAN IT module in which the user will find university
according to their merit. In this feature, the upcoming merit of targeted universities will be
predicted by an application.
FR55: Users will select the category of universities like Engineering, IT, etc.
FR56: The application will display the departments of the selected category.
FR57: The application will display the predicted merit of departments.
FR58: The application should display the name and area of the university.

3.7.9. Help

This is an optional feature of our project. In this feature, the user can get help from the wizard
document. User will get help by a call to the application support assistant.
FR59 User will get help from wizard document of an application.

University of Lahore, Chenab Campus 38

Career Counseling System

FR60 User will get help by calling to support the assistant of an application.

3.7.10. Logout

This is an essential feature. In this feature user will logout from the application.
FR61: Users will logout by pressing the button “logout”.

3.8. MANAGE IT

This module is for backend operation in which the admin will manage the application’s
process by updating deleting and adding the records in database functional requirements for
MANAGE IT are addressed below:
FR62: Admin will add news in the database.
FR63: Admin will add notification in database.
FR64: Admin will login to the application.
FR65: Admin will add universities in database.
FR66: The database will view, add, delete and edit the record.

3.9. Non-Functional Requirements

The non-functional requirements of the proposed application are elaborated below:

3.9.1. Efficiency

The Application should be efficient to provide the requested result and prohibit the user from
disappointment.
NF1: The application should work efficiently.
NF2: The application will produce a result within seconds.
NF3: Data will store in the database within milliseconds.
NF4: All features of the application will perform efficiently.

3.9.2. Reliability

The Application must be reliable to provide feature and functionality for what is being
developed.
NF4: The application should be reliable.
NF5: There should be no faults and failure in application.

University of Lahore, Chenab Campus 39

Career Counseling System

3.9.3. Maintainability

The system should be kept flexible to accept contemporary changes.

NF6: The system will be easy to maintain.

NF7: The application will be easy to enhance.
NF8: The application shall be easy to repair.

3.9.4. Portability

The Application will work correctly and efficiently on different systems.

NF9: The application will work correctly on different devices.

3.9.5. Correctness

The Application must perform corrective action related to its functions.

NF10: The application will yield the expected result.

3.9.6. Usability

The product must provide easy access and must be easy to deal with.
NF11: The application will be easy to use.
NF12: The application will be easy to understand.
NF13: The application will be user-friendly.

3.9.7. Operability

The whole installation of the system will be in a harmless and consistent operative condition,
according to pre-defined operational requirements.

3.10. System Requirements

The system requirements of the proposed system are given below:
SR1: The application will be run on the Android operating system.
SR2: The maximum API level should be 26-27.
SR3: The minimum API level should be 14-15.
SR4: The Linux Kernel version should less than equal to 4.10.

University of Lahore, Chenab Campus 40

Career Counseling System

3.11. Hardware and Software Requirements

• Windows 10 (32, 64-bit operating system)

• Android Studio 3.2.1

• Visual Studio 2017

• MS Excel

• Firebase Database [9]

3.12. Technical Requirements

The application developed in java language using Android SDK (Software Development Kit).
SDK includes several development tools; debugger, software libraries, and an android
emulator. Target API (Application Program Interface) level is 26-27 Android version number
is 8.0-8.1 Android Code Name is Oreo and Linux Kernel version is 4.10. Minimum API level
is 14-15 Android version number is 4.0-4 Android code Name is Ice Cream Sandwich and
Linux Kernel version is 3.0.1

• Google Play Services (Updated Version)

• Supported Integrated Development Environment (IDE) is Android Studio powered by
IntelliJ Platform (2.3.1 version)
• Language: Android Programming, Java, C#
• Tools: Android Studio, MS Excel, Visual Studio

3.7. Data Gathering

Data is web scraped from various URLs. These sources contained the matched information
according to the proposed project such as the data related to Myer-Briggs Type Indicator
theory, merit lists of targeted universities and the information about universities we gathered
from the university’s web sites. All the data we have used in this project is gathered from
various web sites that we have mentioned in references properly.

University of Lahore, Chenab Campus 41

Career Counseling System

CHAPTER 4
Working Methodology

University of Lahore, Chenab Campus 42

Career Counseling System

4. Working Methodology

The methodology of the proposed system is briefly described in this chapter the visualization
of the working methodology is revealed in figure 4-1.

Figure 4-2: Working Methodology

4.1. Merit Prediction

For generating the proposed application, we used the polynomial regression technique of data
mining for merit prediction. In this technique, we used predictive data mining which is the
process of approximation of the principles based on the specified data set. This technique is
explained briefly.

4.1.1. Statistical Prediction Technique

In this proposed project we have used polynomial linear regression statistical technique of
data mining for predicting merit of universities by the analysis of previous years’ merits of
selected universities. As we study that data mining is the method of extracting some unknown
useful information from a given set of data. There are two forms of data mining – predictive
data mining and descriptive data mining. As we are using predictive data mining technique

University of Lahore, Chenab Campus 43

Career Counseling System

because we want to predict the value or approximating the future value based on preceding
results. It is the process of estimation of the values based on the given data set. The value can
be achieved by regression analysis on the given data set. It is specified that the number of
processes that can be used typically Polynomial Regression Technique, the various forms of
implementing analysis, problems and possible solutions. [13]
The method which is used to approximate a relationship from the given data to reveal the
situation of data set is method is called regression. The relationship can be used for various
computation like the prediction of future values. [30]
There is a various method of Regression Analysis like Simple Linear Regression,
Multivariate Linear Regression, Polynomial Regression, Multivariate Polynomial Regression,
etc. we have done experiment with this method of regression and determine that the
Multivariate Polynomial Regression technique is producing the expected result. Thus, we
have used this technique to predict the upcoming merit of universities. More description of
about multivariate polynomial regression is elaborated below.

Multivariate Polynomial regression

As we have studied that the Polynomial Regression can be useful on a solitary variable called
Simple Polynomial Regression or it can be calculated on manifold variables as Multiple
Polynomial Regression. [31][32]Problem with Multivariate Polynomial Regression:
The main dispute with Multivariate Polynomial Regression is the problem of
Multicollinearity. When there are numerous variables, there are high probabilities that the
variables are independent of each other. In such cases, due to this relationship amongst
variables, the regression equation computed does not properly fit the curve on the original
path.
For solving the problem of Multicollinearity with Multivariate Polynomial Regression, the
degree of Polynomial Equation can be plotted to higher. It will convert associated regression
variables into independent variables which result in an improved approximation of the
regression curve.

University of Lahore, Chenab Campus 44

Career Counseling System

Multivariable Higher Degree Polynomial Regression

we have used the multivariate higher degree polynomial regression to improve the estimation
accuracy and simplify the model. We have carried out the higher degree polynomial
regression on the simulated
Years ECAT Marks Previous Merit
data set 2010 101 80.93 shown in
table 4-1 to 2011 96 73.8 obtain its
2012 118 78
accuracy.
2013 107 79.9
2014 107.5 78.2
2015 96 77.3
2016 110 78
2017 81 77.77
2018 99 75.21

Table 4-1: Data Set

First, we have made a scatter chart as shown in figure 4-2, then draw a Trendline on two
variables X and Y. where X holds the years and Y holds the percentage of previous years’
merit then generate the R-Square and Trendline equation as shown below:
Trendline Equation:
y = 0.0029x6 - 34.505x5 + 173892x4 - 5E+08x3 + 7E+11x2 - 6E+14x + 2E+17 (4:1)
R-Square:
R² = 0.9914 (4:2)

University of Lahore, Chenab Campus 45

Career Counseling System

84
R² = 0
82
80
78
76
74
72
70
68
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019

Figure 4-3 Scatter Chart Multivariate Polynomial Regression

Afterward, by solving the Trendline equation we got the expected result with minor
differences as shown in table 4-2

X Y
Years ECAT Previous Expected Differences
Marks Merit Result
2010 101 82.09 79.08 3.01
2011 96 75 77.27 -2.27
2012 118 79 78.37 0.63
2013 107 79.97 79.18 0.79
2014 107.5 78.72 78.8 -0.08
2015 96 77.17 76.41 0.76
2016 110 76.51 77.11 -0.6
2017 81 77.63 76.77 0.86
2018 99 73.3 76.04 -2.74

Table 4- 2 Higher Degree Polynomial Regression Result and Differences

4.1.2. University Selection

University will be selected and recommended from the given list of universities according to
the predicted merit and student’s academic profile.

4.2. Personality and Profession Prediction

We have used the theory of Myer-Briggs Type Indicator for taking a personality test in the
implementation of our project’s module personality Type and profession prediction.

University of Lahore, Chenab Campus 46

Career Counseling System

4.2.1. Introduction to Myer-Briggs Type Indicator

Myer-Briggs Type Indicator is a self-assessment test. It is a theory to indicate a person’s

personality type from 16 personalities. MBTI is a tool which is often used to help the persons
to recognize their own statement preferences and how they cooperate with others. People
should have an awareness about MBTI, it can help them to adopt the relational methods to
diverse circumstances and spectators. MBTI is derived from its underpinning theory from the
work of Carl Jung and “Psychological Type”. Isabel Briggs Myers and her mother Katharine
Briggs developed the system to make Jung’s work more accessible and useful in people’s
everyday lives.[33] Jung developed psychological types based on four functions, namely,
Feeling (F), Thinking (T), Intuition (N), and Sensing (S), plus four attitudes, namely,
Extraversion (E), Introversion (I), Judging (J), and Perceiving (P). The Myers-Briggs Type
Indicator (MBTI), the most widely used professional personality test, it is a measure of
personality traits. The MBTI defines an individual’s preference in four planes. These are
Introversion versus Extroversion, Intuitive Perception versus Sensing Perception, Thinking
versus Feeling and finally Perceiving versus Judging. [34] There are 16 different personality
types in all: ISTJ/ ISFJ/ INFJ/ INTJ/ ISTP /ISFP/ INFP/ INTP/ ESTP/
ESFP/ENFP/ENTP/ESTJ/ESFJ/ENFJ/ENTJ. Each personality type is unique. It is the
combination of the four preferences that make you who you are, not the sum of them. Many
career planning experts believe that when you know your personality type, as discovered
through using this or another personality inventory, you can make better decisions about your
career. For instance, this information can help you choose a career or figure out whether a
particular job will be a good fit for you. (Mckay, 2016 Career Planning Myers-Briggs Type
Indicator (MBTI))

4.2.2. Questionnaire Survey

The questionnaire we have used for taking a personality test is designed by Katharine C.
Briggs & Isabel Briggs Myers. In which they have designed 50 psychological questions for
testing the personality type of person.

4.2.3. Personality Type

The personality type of user will be calculated by using the technique described by Katharine
C. Briggs & Isabel Briggs Myer. They have described sixteen personality types and identify

University of Lahore, Chenab Campus 47

Career Counseling System

one of them by taking personality tests. The scoring method of calculating personality type is
briefly described below:

Myer-Briggs Type Indicator Scoring Method:

We have used the scoring algorithm according to the scoring method used by Katharine C.
Briggs & Isabel Briggs Myers for calculating the personality type. The manual scoring
method of scheming personality type is labeled as; Circle the question number with your
corresponding choice. (For example: If you chose “A” for question 1, then circle “1A” under
the J category. Note: the questions are listed under the letter category for which they
correspond and are therefore out of order.) After you have circled your choices to each of the
questions, add up the points for each of your circled choices within each category. (For
example: if you circled 3A, 9A, 13A, 16A, and 36B under the E category, your total points
would be 2+2+1+2+2=9 points.).

4.2.4. Profession Prediction

Myer-Briggs described the sixteen profession title and other suitable professions according to
personality type. The profession is predicted conferring to the result of the personality test.
The profession is inherited with a student’s academic profile. Professions will be filtered
according to the academic result of users.

University of Lahore, Chenab Campus 48

Career Counseling System

CHAPTER 5
Design

University of Lahore, Chenab Campus 49

Career Counseling System

5. Design

5.1. Architecture Design

Architecture design of the proposed system in which it is described how the system will
work. The architecture diagram visualizes the working of the system as shown in figure 5.2.1.

Figure 5- 4 Architecture Diagram

5.2. System Design

In systems design, the design of functions and operations are termed in detail, including
screen layouts, business rules, process diagrams, and other documentation. The output of this
stage will describe the new system as a collection of modules or subsystems. Designed
fundamentals define the anticipated software features in detail, these design basics are
intended to describe the software in adequate detail. We have designed our system in this
chapter by using UML (Unified Modeling Language) Diagrams. The UML Diagrams used to
express the design of the system by using the graphical notation. UML shows the
visualization of the system. It helps us to communicate and explore the potential design of
the system and validate the architectural design of the system. We have used the UML
diagram for visualization of the proposed system.

5.3. Class Diagrams

The purpose of the class diagram is to model the static view of an application. The other
purposes are summarized as:

 Examination and scheme of the static view of software.

 Class diagram visualize the structure of the software system as it structural diagram

University of Lahore, Chenab Campus 50

Career Counseling System

 Term the duties of a system.

 The base for component and deployment diagrams.

5.3.1. AIM IT

Figure 5-2 AIN IT Class Diagram

University of Lahore, Chenab Campus 51

Career Counseling System

5.3.2.. PLAN It Class Diagram

Figure 5-2 PLAN IT Class Diagram

University of Lahore, Chenab Campus 52

Career Counseling System

5.3.3. Manage It Class Diagram

Figure 5-3 MANAGE IT Class Diagram

University of Lahore, Chenab Campus 53

Career Counseling System

5.4. Sequence Diagrams

We have used the sequence diagram for visualization of the interaction between the objects.
The devotions of the sequence diagram are as follow:
 It will model high-level interaction between active objects in a system
 It will model the interaction between object instances within a collaboration that realizes
a use case

5.4.1. AIM IT Sequence Diagram

Figure 5-4 AIM IT Sequence Diagram

University of Lahore, Chenab Campus 54

Career Counseling System

5.4.2. MANAGE IT Add Record Sequence Diagram

Figure 5-0- 5 Add Record Sequence Diagram

University of Lahore, Chenab Campus 55

Career Counseling System

5.4.3. MANAGE IT Delete Record Sequence Diagram

Figure 5-6 Delete Record Sequence Diagram

5.4.4. MANAGE IT Update Record Sequence Diagram

Figure 5-7 Update Record Sequence Diagram

University of Lahore, Chenab Campus 56

Career Counseling System

5.5. State chart Diagrams

We have used State chart diagram to model the dynamic aspects of our system. The
devotions of the state chart diagram are described below:

 State chart diagram is used to model the dynamic feature of a system.

 It is used to model the lifetime of a reactive system.

 It is used to describe different states of an object during its lifetime.

 It describes a state machine to model the states of an object.

5.5.1. AIM State Chart Diagram

Figure 5-8 AIM IT State Chart Diagram

University of Lahore, Chenab Campus 57

Career Counseling System

5.5.2. PLAN It State Chart Diagram

Figure 5-9 PLAN IT State Chart Diagram

University of Lahore, Chenab Campus 58

Career Counseling System

5.5.3. Manage It State Chart Diagram

Figure 5-10 MANAGE IT State chart Diagram

University of Lahore, Chenab Campus 59

Career Counseling System

CHAPTER 6
Testing

University of Lahore, Chenab Campus 60

Career Counseling System

6. Testing

6.1 Testing
Software testing is the process of testing bugs in lines of code of a program that can be
performed by manual or automation testing. The testing of any software system is used to
measure the quality of a software system or its services. Software testing allows us to
understand the risks of software implementation. In general, it emphases on any action aimed
at evaluating an attribute or capability of a program or system and finding that it meets its
specification requirements.
It is the process of validation and verification of software program and satisfies the quality of
software.

• Verify that the software encounters the business and technical requirements that directed
its strategy and development.

• Verify whether the software conforms to requirement.

• Verify the software is occupied well as anticipated.

• It can be implemented with the same characteristics.
We can implement software testing at any phase of the software development process. Most of
the testing can be implemented when the requirements of the software system are defined and
the process of coding is completed. The test cases of our project are given below.

6.1.1. Test Case 1

Test Case Id: TC001 Test Case Name: Registration

System: PLAN IT Designed Date: 15-03-2019
Designed by: Areesha Nadeem Execution Date: 15-03-2019
Executed by: Areesha Nadeem

Pre-requisites: Access to an application.

Test Scenario: Verification of registration.
Step Actions Results
s
1 Open an application The application opened successfully.
2 Enter Username/Email and Password. Verifying Email and password is
entered or not.
3 Re-Enter password. The system is verifying passwords are
matched or not.

University of Lahore, Chenab Campus 61

Career Counseling System

4 Press button Sign up. Successfully registered.

Post requisites: Successfully registered to an application.
Test Data
Username/Email: [email protected]
Password: 123456789a

Status: Pass

6.1.2. Test Case 2

Test Case Id: TC002 Test Case Name: LoginTC

System: PLAN IT Module: Login
Designed by: Areesha Nadeem Designed Date: 16-03-2019
Executed by: Areesha Nadeem Execution Date: 16-03-2019

Prerequisites: User must be registered to an application.

Test Scenario: Verifying on login to an application.
Step Actions Results
s
1 Open an application. Application is opened successfully.
2 Enter username/Email and Password. User authentication is done by the
system.
3 Press button Login Logged in successfully.
Post requisites: Successfully logged in to an application.
Test Data
Username/Email: [email protected]
Password: 123456789a
Test Email Authentication
Username/Email: [email protected]
Password: 123456789a
Test Password Validation
Username/Email: [email protected]
Password: 12345
Status: Pass

6.1.3. Test Case 3

Test Case Id: TC003 Test Case Name: MyProfileTC

System: PLAN IT Module: My Profile
Designed by: Areesha Nadeem Designed Date: 17-03-2019
Executed by: Areesha Nadeem Execution Date: 17-03-2019

Prerequisites: Must be logged in to the application.

Test Scenario: Verify on My Profile feature of PLAN IT.
Step Actions Results

University of Lahore, Chenab Campus 62

Career Counseling System

s
1 Open “My Profile” by clicking the My Profile is opened.
button.
2 Enable Editing by clicking “Edit” button. Editing is enabled.
3 Fill personal information; Enter full name Personal Info filled effectively.
and Email.
4 Fill Matric Level given fields; select All fields are filled and the category is
category from snipper, Enter Total selected successfully.
Marks, Enter Obtain Marks.
5 Fill Inter Level fields; select category All fields are filled and the category is
from snipper, Enter Total Marks, Enter selected successfully.
Obtain Marks.
6 Fill Bachelors fields; Enter Total marks, All fields are filled successfully.
Enter Obtain Marks.
7 Fill Entrance Exams; Select Test, Enter All fields are filled successfully.
Obtained Marks
8 Press the button “Save” Record is saved successfully.
Post requisites: Profile is successfully edited and saved the record in the database.
Test Data:
Test Personal Info.
Full Name: Areesha Nadeem
Email: [email protected]
Test Inter Info
Engineering
Total Marks: 1000
Obtain Marks: 760
Bachelors Info
Total Marks: 1000
Obtained Marks: 850
Entrance Test
ECAT
Obtained Marks: 101
Status: Pass

6.1.4. Test Case 4

Test Case Id: TC004 Test Case Name: NewsTC

System: PLANIT Subsystem:
Designed by: Areesha Nadeem Designed Date: 17-03-2019
Executed by: Areesha Nadeem Execution Date: 17-03-2019

Prerequisites: User must add any university to wish list.

Test Scenario: Verify the working “News” activity.
Step Actions Results
s
1 Open “News” by clicking the button. News of universities added to wishlist
is display on the screen.
Post requisites: News of universities added in wish list are displayed successfully.

University of Lahore, Chenab Campus 63

Career Counseling System

Status: Pass

6.1.5. Test Case 5

Test Case Id: TC004 Test Case Name: NotifTC

System: PLANIT Module: Notification
Designed by: Areesha Nadeem Designed Date: 18-03-2019
Executed by: Mudassar Arshad Execution Date: 18-03-2019

Prerequisites: User must add any university to wish list.

Test Scenario: Verify the working “Notification” activity.
Steps Actions Results
1 Open “Notification” by clicking the Notification of universities added to
button. wishlist is display on the screen.
Post requisites: Notification of universities added in wish list are displayed successfully.
Status: Pass

6.1.6. Test Case 6

Test Case Id: TC005 Test Case Name: UniTC

System: PLANIT Module: Merit Prediction
Designed by: Areesha Nadeem Designed Date: 19-03-2019
Executed by: Mudassar Arshad Execution Date: 19-03-2019

Prerequisites: User must be access to an application.

Test Scenario: Verify the working “Find My University” activity.
Steps Actions Results
1 Open “Find University” by clicking the Multiple categories of universities are
button. display on the screen.
2 Select any category from the given list Departments of the university are
displayed on the screen with predicted
merit, university name, and area.
Post requisites: predicted merit of the selected university is displayed successfully.
Status: Pass

6.1.7. Test Case 7

Test Case Id: TC006 Test Case Name: list

System: PLANIT Module: Wishlist
Designed by: Areesha Nadeem Designed Date: 29-03-2019
Executed by: Mudassar Arshad Execution Date: 29-03-2019

Prerequisites: User must be login to an application.

Test Scenario: Verify the working “wish list” activity.
Step Actions Results

University of Lahore, Chenab Campus 64

Career Counseling System

s
1 Open “wish list” by clicking the button. Wishlist is displayed.
2 Delete any university from wishlist The added university is deleted from
wish list.
Post requisites: user will view the list of the added university in the wish list.
Status: Pass

6.1.8. Test Case 8

Prerequisites: User must be login to an application.

Test Scenario: Verify the working “Help” activity.
Step Actions Results
s
1 Open “Help” by clicking the button. Wizard document is shown on the
screen.
2 Call to application help support assistant The call is forwarded to the help
assistant.
Post requisites: user will get help successfully.
Status: Pass

6.1.9. Test Case 9

Test Case Id: TC007 Test Case Name: MeritCal

System: PLANIT Module: Merit Calculator
Designed by: Areesha Nadeem Designed Date: 02-04-2019
Executed by: Mudassar Arshad Execution Date: 02-04-2019

Prerequisites: User must be login to an application.

Test Scenario: Verify the working of “Calculate your merit” activity.
Step Actions Results
s
1 Open “Merit Calculator” by clicking the Merit calculator is opened.
button.
2 Fill the required fields Merit is calculated by an application
Post requisites: Merit will be calculated successfully
Status: Pass

6.1.10. Test Case 10

Test Case Id: TC008 Test Case Name: LogoutTC

System: PLANIT Module: Logout
Designed by: Areesha Nadeem Designed Date: 02-04-2019
Executed by: Areesha Nadeem Execution Date: 02-04-2019

Prerequisites: User must log in to an application.

University of Lahore, Chenab Campus 65

Career Counseling System

Test Scenario: Verify on logout

Step Actions Results
s
1 Click the button “Logout” Logged out successfully.
Post requisites: user logged out from application successfully.
Status: Pass

6.1.11. Test Case 11

Test Case Id: TC009 Test Case Name: TCUser

System: AIM IT Module: User Manual
Designed by: Areesha Nadeem Designed Date: 10-04-2019
Executed by: Areesha Nadeem Execution Date: 10-04-2019

Prerequisites: User must installed an application.

Test Scenario: Verify the working of the user manual and welcome activity.
Step Actions Results
s
1 Open an application. Application is opened successfully.
2 Swipe user manual description. Swiped successfully.
3 Press “Get Started” Navigate to welcome activity.
4 Enter the full name. Name is entered
5 Press “continue” button. Navigate to home activity and
username is display on the top of the
home.
Post requisites: Username is displayed on the top.
Test Data
Full Name: Areesha Nadeem
Status: Pass

6.1.12. Test Case 12

Test Case Id: TC010 Test Case Name: TCTEST

System: AIM IT Module: Retake Test
Designed by: Areesha Nadeem Designed Date: 10-04-2019
Executed by: Areesha Nadeem Execution Date: 10-04-2019

Prerequisites: User must access to an application.

Test Scenario: Verify the working of “Retake test” activity.
Step Actions Results
s
1 Open “Retake Test” by clicking the The questionnaire is displayed on the
button. screen.

University of Lahore, Chenab Campus 66

Career Counseling System

2 Answer the question by clicking the Questions are changing effectively and
button. the result is displayed on the screen.
3 Press button “continue” The calculated result is shown on the
home activity at the top under the
username
Post requisites: User’s result is displayed on the top of home activity.
Status: Pass

6.1.3. Test Case 13

Test Case Id: TC011 Test Case Name: Professions

System: AIM IT Module: Profession
Designed by: Areesha Nadeem Designed Date: 10-04-2019
Executed by: Areesha Nadeem Execution Date: 10-04-2019

Prerequisites: User must take a personality test.

Test Scenario: Verify the working of Professions activity.
Step Actions Results
s
1 Open “Professions” by clicking the List of the profession is displayed on
button. the screen with calculated personality
type.
Post requisites: Professions are displayed on the screen according to the calculated test
result.
Status: Pass

6.1.14. Test Case 14

Test Case Id: TC012 Test Case Name: TCsw

System: AIM IT Subsystem: Strength and Weakness
Designed by: Areesha Nadeem Designed Date: 10-04-2019
Executed by: Areesha Nadeem Execution Date: 10-04-2019

Prerequisites: User must take a personality test.

Test Scenario: Verify the working of Strength and weakness activity.
Step Actions Results
s
1 Open “Strength and weakness” by Strength and weakness according to
clicking the button. calculated personality type is display
on the screen.
Post requisites: Strength and weakness according to calculated personality type are
displayed on the screen successfully.
Status: Pass

University of Lahore, Chenab Campus 67

Career Counseling System

6.1.15. Test Case 15

Prerequisites: User must take a personality test.

Test Scenario: Verify the working of Love life and friendship activity.
Step Actions Results
s
1 Open “LOVELIFE FRIENDSHIP” by Love life friendship according to
clicking the button. calculated personality type is display
on the screen.
Post requisites: Love Life Friendship according to calculated personality type is displayed
on the screen successfully.
Status: Pass

6.1.16. Test Case 16

Test Case Id: TC0013 Test Case Name: TCtip

System: AIM IT Module: Tip of the day
Designed by: Areesha Nadeem Designed Date: 12-04-2019
Executed by: Mudassar Arshad Execution Date: 12-04-2019

Prerequisites: User must take a personality test.

Test Scenario: Verify the working of “Tip of the day” activity.
Step Actions Results
s
1 Open “Tip of the day” by clicking the Tip of the day according to calculated
button. personality type is displayed on the
screen.
Post requisites: Tip of the day according to calculated personality type is displayed on the
screen successfully.
Status: Pass

6.1.17. Test Case 17

Test Case Id: TC0014 Test Case Name: TCmajor

System: AIM IT Module: College Major
Designed by: Areesha Nadeem Designed Date: 12-04-2019
Executed by: Mudassar Arshad Execution Date: 12-04-2019

Prerequisites: User must take a personality test.

Test Scenario: Verify the working of “College Major” activity.
Step Actions Results
s
1 Open “College Major” by clicking the College Major according to calculated
button. personality type is displayed on the

University of Lahore, Chenab Campus 68

Career Counseling System

screen.
Post requisites: College Major according to calculated personality type is displayed on the
screen successfully.
Status: Pass

6.1.18. Test Case 18

Test Case Id: TC015 Test Case Name: TCGen

System: AIM IT Module: General
Designed by: Areesha Nadeem Designed Date: 13-04-2019
Executed by: Areesha Nadeem Execution Date: 13-04-2019

Prerequisites: User must take a personality test.

Test Scenario: Verify the working of “General” activity.
Step Actions Results
s
1 Open “General” by clicking the button. General according to calculated
personality type is displayed on the
screen.
Post requisites: General according to calculated personality type is displayed on the screen
successfully.
Status: Pass
6.2. Verification and Validation

6.2.1. Requirement Review

Verification Situation Functional and Non-Functional requirements review

Actor Development Team
Expected Result All requirements are gathered correctly, requirements are
feasible, complete, correct and atomic.
Output Requirements are finalized. Ready to be consumed in design.
Status Pass

6.2.2. Design Review

Verification Situation Design Review

Actor Development Team
Expected Result Functional requirements can be met via the proposed design.
Output Design is ready to be implemented
Status Pass

University of Lahore, Chenab Campus 69

Career Counseling System

6.2.3. Code Inspection

Verification Situation Code Inspection

Actor Development Team Member.
Expected Result The code is reviewed there is no synthetic error in the code.
Output Code is ready for testing.
Status Pass

6.2.4. Test Plan Review

Verification Situation Test Plan Review

Actor Development Team
Expected Result Test Plan is accreted and complete.
Output The test Plan document is ready to be shared with the Project
Manager
Status Pass

University of Lahore, Chenab Campus 70

Career Counseling System

CHAPTER 7
Results

University of Lahore, Chenab Campus 71

Career Counseling System

7. Results

There are two main modules of career counseling system with further sub-modules. All
modules are tested in the previous chapter. In this chapter, the output results of tested
modules will be displayed and discussed following.

7.1. AIM IT
AIM IT is specially designed to predict the personality type of user. There are some sub-
modules of AIM It such as welcome, profession, test, strength and weakness, college major,
general and the tip of the all these modules are working according to the personality type of
user as we have discussed in previous chapters.

Figure 7-1 AIM IT

University of Lahore, Chenab Campus 72

Career Counseling System

7.1.1. User Manual

When the user will install the application and open it for the first time the user manual will be
shown to the user. The user manual is consists of the short description of the application as
shown below:

Figure 7-2 User Manual

University of Lahore, Chenab Campus 73

Career Counseling System

7.1.2. Welcome

When users press the button get started they will navigate to the welcome screen. The
welcome screen will show to the user only for the first time they install the application. Users
will be required to enter their full name as shown in the figure.

Figure 7-3 Welcome

University of Lahore, Chenab Campus 74

Career Counseling System

7.1.3. Home

When users will click the button “continue” on welcome screen they will navigate to the
home activity the user name will be displayed on the top. When user will take their
personality type the personality type of users will be displayed at the top of home activity as
shown in figure 7.1.3.

Figure 7-4 Home

University of Lahore, Chenab Campus 75

Career Counseling System

7.1.4. Retake Test

When users will click on Retake Test they will navigate to the test questionnaire in which
user will answer the given questions and get their personality type in the result as shown in
figure 7.1.4.

Figure 7-5 Retake Test

University of Lahore, Chenab Campus 76

Career Counseling System

7.1.5. Professions
The professions according to the calculated personality type will be listed in Professions
page. Users will see the professions by click on the button “Professions” in-home activity.
The user’s personality type and a short description of their personality type will also display
with professions as shown in figure 7.1.5.

Figure 7-6 Profession

University of Lahore, Chenab Campus 77

Career Counseling System

7.1.6. College Major

The college major according to the user’s personality type will be shown in the college major
activity as shown in figure 7.1.6.

Figure 7-7 College Major

University of Lahore, Chenab Campus 78

Career Counseling System

7.1.7. Strength and Weakness

The strength and weakness of users according to their personality type will be shown in
strength and weakness activity.

Figure 7-8 Strength and Weakness

University of Lahore, Chenab Campus 79

Career Counseling System

7.1.8. Tip of the Day

The user will check the daily tips in “Tip of the Day” activity as shown below in the figure .
Users will be directed to the tips activity by clicking the button on home activity.

Figure 7-9 Tip of the Day

University of Lahore, Chenab Campus 80

Career Counseling System

7.2. PLAN IT
The main propose of PLAN-IT is to predict upcoming merit of targeted universities and
suggest the university for students. The user can also add the desired universities in the
wishlist. The application will display the news and notifications regarding the universities
added to wishlist the visualization of this module is shown in figure 7-10.

Figure 7-10 PLAN IT

University of Lahore, Chenab Campus 81

Career Counseling System

7.2.1. Register
The users must register their self to application. Only registered users get perks applications.
Users will be required to enter their email or username and password. User will get register to
the database by clicking the button Register as shown in figure 7-11.

Figure 7-11 Register

University of Lahore, Chenab Campus 82

Career Counseling System

7.2.2. Login
The user will login to an application if they are registered in the database. The users will be
required to enter their username or email and password as shown below. When users click the
button login they will navigate to the home page.

Figure 7-1 2 Login

University of Lahore, Chenab Campus 83

Career Counseling System

7.2.3. PLAN IT Home

The home page is consist of submodules. Users will navigate to the desired activity by
clicking the button. The home screen is shown below.

Figure 7-13 Home

University of Lahore, Chenab Campus 84

Career Counseling System

7.2.4. Profile
The users will make their profile in which they are required to enter their academic
information. User can view, update and save their profile. The profile data will store in the
database.

Figure 7-14 Profile

University of Lahore, Chenab Campus 85

Career Counseling System

7.2.5. News
The news regarding the universities added in wish list by the user will display on the screen
as shown below User will open news by clicking the button “News”

Figure 7-15 News

University of Lahore, Chenab Campus 86

Career Counseling System

7.2.6. Notifications
The notifications about the universities added in wish list will be displayed in the notification
page as shown in figure 7.2.6.

Figure 7- 6 Notification

University of Lahore, Chenab Campus 87

Career Counseling System

7.3. MANAGE IT
In this module, we will manage the other modules of our project. This module is basically
designed for admin who will login to application and update, add, and delete record in other
modules the data will be deleted updated or added in the database. Admin will send the news
and notifications about universities to Plan It module so the user will see the updated news.

Figure 7- 17 MANAGE IT

University of Lahore, Chenab Campus 88

Career Counseling System

7.4. Prediction Application

As we have to predict upcoming merit of targeted universities by the analysis of previous
data (merit lists). This prediction is done by using the polynomial linear regression the
statistical technique of data mining. So, for predicting merit we have developed a windows
application which will predict the future merit for universities. It contains a home page in
which the targeted universities will display to the user. User will select the desired university
then all the departments will display so users will select their desired department then the
merit of the selected department will be predicted by the application and it will display to the
user with percentage and progress bar. The visualization of this application is shown in figure
7-18.

Figure 7- 18 Prediction Module

7.5. Database Outputs

In this proposed project, we have used “Firebase” online database. All the data of our project
will store in Firebase database. It is very efficient and advances in storing data online. The
data will store in the form of nodes. There will be many parent nodes and child nodes.
Firebase is a real-time database. The authentication of user login will be authenticated by the
database. Firebase provides us a library for the user authentication. We will send notification
easily by using the firebase database. It allows us to schedule the notification. The
visualization of the database is shown below:

University of Lahore, Chenab Campus 89

Career Counseling System

Figure 7-19 News Database

In the above figure, data is stored in the form of nodes. In which, News is parent node “1” is
child node and child nodes of “1” are Link, description, publish date, title and universities
these nodes store the information of news as shown in figure 7-19.

Figure 7-20 Database of Plan It Modules

University of Lahore, Chenab Campus 90

Career Counseling System

In the above figure, the data of News, Notifications, profile, tips, and universities are parent
nodes these nodes consists of some child node which stores the information about these
modules.

Figure 7- 21 Profile Database

The user profile’s data is stored in the database as shown in figure 7-21 above. In which, the
required information that will be saved by the user in the database is displayed. The child
node of the profile is consist of like a code which is called push ID. The data of the profile is
described in child nodes of push id.

Figure 7-22 Tips Database

University of Lahore, Chenab Campus 91

Career Counseling System

The description of tips is store in the child nodes of “Tips” as shown in figure 7-22. In which,
an admin will add tips in the database and these tips will display to the user in Aim It module.

Figure 7- 23 Notification Database

The notification is added by admin in the database is displayed in the firebase database as
shown in figure 7-23. A notification has one child node which is pushing id and it is also
consist of two child node notification message and title.

University of Lahore, Chenab Campus 92

Career Counseling System

CHAPTER 8

Conclusion and Future Work

University of Lahore, Chenab Campus 93

Career Counseling System

8. Conclusion and Future work

8.1. Conclusion
We have developed the career counseling system through which user will get help in
choosing their career, selecting college majors and selecting a university. This system has
three modules such as AIM IT, PLAN IT, and MANAGE IT. In these modules, different
types of functionality related to career counseling will perform to solve the problems of
students while choosing a career and selecting institutes.
AIM IT will take a personality test of the user and predict their personality type and
profession prediction. According to personality type, it will display the list of the filtered
profession which is suggested to the user. It will also display strength and weakness, love life
and friendships, predicted college major regarded to the predicted personality type. This
application module will help users in choosing a career.
PLAN IT will predict the upcoming merit of a given list of university. User will know about
their merit by using this application. It will save the student profile in which they required to
enter their academic information. It also provides the wish list in which the user will add their
desired universities and get news and notifications regarding the desired universities. This
module application will help users in choosing the university/institute.
MANAGE IT will manage the other modules of the application. This module will be used by
admin. He will add delete and update data in PLAN IT and AIM IT by using this application
module.
For the implementation of the above modules, we have used regression analysis statistical
technique of data mining in PLAN IT for predicting the upcoming merit of universities. And
Myer-Briggs Type Indicator theory of self-assessment test in AIM IT to predict the
personality type, college major and professions.
Career counseling system plays an important role in the academic life of students. It will help
students to solve their problems such as career selection, information about merit, profession
prediction and institute selection. Career selection should be matched with the student’s
personality type. The merit of universities should be predicted, it will save the quality time of
students. The system is successfully developed and the testing results are shown in chapter-7.

University of Lahore, Chenab Campus 94

Career Counseling System

8.2. Future Work

8.2.1. Addition of modules

The more module will be added regarding the student’s academics related to the career
counseling system such as scholarships awareness.

8.2.2. Scope

The scope of this project will be increased like this application is targeted only 2-3
universities but in the future, we will add more.

8.2.3. Techniques

The system might be using another technique for personality type, merit and profession
prediction such as clustering, classification, etc. to enhance the accuracy of prediction.

8.2.4. Platform

The proposed application is an android application. In the future, it will be developed for
other platforms such as IOS and Web.

8.2.5. User-Interface

The addition of more requirements to make this system more efficient.

The Graphical user interface might be more simple and attractive to make the application
more user-friendly.

University of Lahore, Chenab Campus 95

Career Counseling System

Chapter 9
References

University of Lahore, Chenab Campus 96

Career Counseling System

References / Bibliography

[1] Uzair yaqoob, Fatima Arif, Maryam Samad, “Career counseling and its knowledge
among high school students in Pakistan,” 2017 Jul; 4(7):2261-2268.

[2] “How to Statics” [Online]. Available:

https://www.statisticshowto.datasciencecentral.com/

[3] Festim Halili, Avni Rustemi, “Predictive Modeling: Data Mining Regression Technique,”
IJCSMC, Vol. 5, Issue. 8, August 2016.

[4] Gati I, Saka N. High school students' career-related decision-making difficulties. J

Counsel Develop. 2001; 79(3):331.
[5] Aspden T, Cooper R, Liu Y, Marowa M, Rubio C, Waterhouse EJ, et al. What secondary
school career advisors in New Zealand know about pharmacy and how that knowledge
affects student career choices? Am J Pharm Educ. 2015; 79(1):7.
[6] “5 Benefits of Career Counselling to Students”, 01 Jan 2019. [Online]. Available:
https://www.collegenp.com/article/5-benefits-of-career-counselling-to-students/
[7] University of Health Sciences, 2017.Available: http://www.uhs.edu.pk/
[8] University of Electrical Technology, 2018. Available: http://www.uet.edu.pk/
[9] “Firebase”, Database. [Online]. Available: https://firebase.google.com/
[10]“Android-Overview”.[Online].Available:
https://www.tutorialspoint.com/android/android_overview.htm
[11] Ahmed Shibly. Android Operating System: Architecture, Security Challenges, and
Solutions. March 2016.
[12] Jonathon Bollag. “The MBTI Test and Making Decisions in College”. [Online].
Available:
https://www.academia.edu/38646524/The_MBTI_Test_and_Making_Decisions_in_College
[13] Priyanka Sinha. “Multivariate Polynomial Regression, Problems and Solutions”.
International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research, Volume 4, Issue 12, December-
2013 962 ISSN 2229-5518 IJSER © 2013.

[14] “Psychological Testing: Myer-Biggs Type Indicator”. [Online]. Available:

https://www.mentalhelp.net/articles/psychological-testing-myers-briggs-type-indicator/
[15] “Myer-Briggs Type Indicator Research Paper”. [Online]. Available:
https://www.papermasters.com/myers_briggs.html

[16] Allen H. Hammer “The Combined Strong and MBTI Career Report”. [Online].
Available: The Combined Strong and MBTI® Career Report

University of Lahore, Chenab Campus 97

Career Counseling System

[17] Niță Andreea Mihaela, Lecturer, Ph.D., Ilie Goga Cristina, Assistant Prof., Ph.D.
University of Craiova, Romania. A RESEARCH ON THE EDUCATIONAL COUNSELING
AND CAREER GUIDANCE IN ROMANIA. European Scientific Journal February 2015
/SPECIAL/ edition vol.2 ISSN: 1857 – 7881 (Print) e - ISSN 1857- 7431

[18] “Career” android application Available:

https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.eternalapps.a.careerguide

[19] “Career Guide”, Android application. Available:

https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.it.careerguide

[20] “Career Guide [After 10th, 12th and Jobs]”, Android Application:
Available: https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.v1k.careerguide.after10th

[21] “Career Guidelines”, Android application. Available:

https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.kachariya.careerguideline

[22] “Personality Trait Test”, Android Application. Available:

https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.aadi.personalitytraittest

[23] “Know Yourself Personality Trait Test”, Android Application. Available:

https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.excelatlife.knowyourself.
[24] “Ilmkidunya”, Web application. [Online]. Available: https://www.ilmkidunya.com/
[25] “Indeed”, website. [Online]. Available: https://www.indeed.com/career-advice/finding-
a-job/16-personality-types
[26] “16personalities”, website. [Online]. Available: https://www.16personalities.com/
[27] “Humanmertics”, website. [Online]. Available: http://www.humanmetrics.com/cgi-
win/jtypes2.asp
[28] CS2 Software Engineering note 2, CS2Ah Autumn 2004, Software requirements.
[29] Hetzel, W.C. 1988. The Complete Guide to Software Testing. 2nd ed. QED Information
Sciences, Inc., Wellesley, MA, USA.
[30] Gatignon, Hubert. (2010). Statistical Analysis of Management Data Second Edition.
New York: Springer Publication
[31] Gatignon, Hubert. (2010). Statistical Analysis of Management Data Second Edition.
New York: Springer Publication.
[32] Kleinbaum, David G, Kupper, Lawrence L, and, Muller, Keith E. Applied Regression
Analysis and Multivariable Methods 4th Edition. California: Thomson Publication.
[33]“MBTI”[Online].Available:https://www.imperial.ac.uk/media/imperial-
college/administration-and-support-services/staff-development/public/impex/MBTI.pdf
[34] Shedy Dee C. Mallari, RPm, LPT Jose Maria G. Pelayo III, MASD. “Myers-Briggs
Type Indicator (MBTI) Personality Profiling and General Weighted Average (GWA) of
Nursing Students”.

University of Lahore, Chenab Campus 98