Electrochemistry, Board Paper Question - CBSE Class 12-Science CHEMISTRY, Chemistry Part I Ncert Solutions - Meritnation

9/27/2019 Electrochemistry, Board Paper Question: CBSE Class 12-science CHEMISTRY, Chemistry Part I Ncert Solutions - Meritnation
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12-SCIENCE  STUDY  ASK & ANSWER  FEED ME 
Electrochemistry 
Live Classes
Electrochemistry All Boards CBSE Board
Concepts
Practice
E°cell for the given redox reaction is 2.71 V
Mg(s) + Cu2+ (0.01 M) → Mg2+(0.001 M) + Cu(s)
Calculate Ecell for the reaction. Write the direction of ow of current when an external opposite potential applied
Assignments
is
(i) less than 2.71 V and
Tests (ii) greater than 2.71 V
OR
Popular Questions
(a) A steady current of 2 amperes was passed through two electrolytic cells X and Y connected in series
Activities containing electrolytes FeSO4 and ZnSO4 until 2.8 g of Fe deposited at the cathode of cell X. How long did the
current ow? Calculate the mass of Zn deposited at the cathode of cell Y.
(Molar mass : Fe = 56 g mol–1 Zn = 65.3 g mol–1, 1F = 96500 C mol–1)
Revision Notes
1/2),
(b) In the plot of molar conductivity (∧m) vs square root of concentration (c
Board Paper Questions following curves are obtained
for two electrolytes A and B:
Answer the following:

(i) Predict the nature of electrolytes A and B.
(ii) What happens on extrapolation of ∧m to concentration approaching zero for electrolytes A and B?
SOLUTION:
∘ 0.0591 2+ 2+
Ecell =E − log [Mg ]/ [Cu ]
cell n
0.0591 0.001
=2. 71 − log
2 0.01
=2. 71 − 0. 0295 × (−1)
=2. 7395 V
i) When external potential is less than 2.71 then current will ow from copper to magnesium.
ii)When external potential is greater than 2.71 then current will ow from magnesium to copper.

OR
(a) Given: I = 2A
(i) Fe2+ 2e– → Fe
56 g of Fe requires = 2 × 96500 C charge
2×96500
2. 8 g of Fe requires = × 2. 8 C charge
56
Q= 9650 C
Q=It
Q 9650
t= = = 4825 sec
I 2
(ii) Zn2+ + 2e– → Zn
2 × 96500 C of electricity deposit Zn = 65.3 g
https://www.meritnation.com/cbse-class-12-science/chemistry/chemistry-part-i-ncert-solutions/electrochemistry/board-paper-question/46_5_137… 1/34
65.3
You are currently
1 C viewing study content for
of electricity another class.
deposit Click=
Zn here to go to your class (CBSE XI-Science) OR Change your class to CBSE XII-Science.
2×96500

65.3
9650 C of electricity deposit Zn= × 9650
2×96500 Type your Kamal Kaum Deep…
=3. 265g
(b) (i) A = Strong

electrolyte
B = Weak electrolyte

Live Classes (ii) On extrapolation of these graphs they cut the Y axis it means concentration is approaching zero and at that
point, we will say in nite dilution of their respective A and B.
Concepts When A and B cut on Y axis then we will say molar conductivity of A and B at in nite dilution.
Practice HIDE SOLUTION CBSE BOARD PAPER 2019
Assignments
Tests
Complete and balance the following chemical equations:
Popular Questions
(a) Fe
2+ − +
+ MnO + H →
4
Activities
(b) MnO−
4
+ H2 O + I
−
→
Revision Notes
SOLUTION:
(a) 5Fe2+ + MnO4- +8H+→ 5Fe3+ + Mn2+ +4H2O
Board Paper Questions
(b) 2 MnO−
4
+ H2 O + I
−
→ 2 MnO2 + 2 OH
−
+ IO3
−
HIDE SOLUTION CBSE BOARD PAPER 2018
(a) Write the cell reaction and calculate the e.m.f of the following cell at 298 K:
Sn (s) | Sn2+ (0.004 M) || H+ (0.020 M) | H2 (g) (1 bar) | Pt (s)
(Given : E0 2+
= −0. 14 V )
Sn / Sn
(b) Give reasons:

(i) On the basis of E° values, O2 gas should be liberated at anode but it is Cl2 gas which is liberated in the
electrolysis of aqueous NaCl.
(ii) Conductivity of CH3COOH decreases on dilution.
OR

(a) For the reaction
+ −
2 AgCl (s) + H 2 (g) (1 atm) → 2 Ag (s) + 2H (0. 1 M) + 2 Cl (0. 1 M),
ΔG° = −43600 J at 25°C

Calculate the e.m.f. of the cell.
[log 10–n = – n]

(b) De ne fuel cell and write its two advantages.
SOLUTION:
(a)
2+ −
Anode : Sn (s) → Sn(aq) + 2e
+ −
Cathode : 2H(aq) + 2e → H 2 (g)
+ 2+
Overall reaction Sn(s) + 2H → Sn(aq) + H 2 (g)
0 0
You are currently
E = viewing
E study
+2
content
− 0. 0 for another class. Click here to go to your class (CBSE XI-Science) OR Change your class to CBSE XII-Science.
c ell Sn/Sn
=011-40705070
− (−0. 14) or CALL ME PURCHASE
=0. 14 V
+2
[H2 ] [Sn ]
0 0.059
Ecell =E − log
cell 2 + 2
[H ]
0.059 (1) (0.004)
=0. 14 − log
2 2
(0.02)
Live Classes 0.059

=0. 14 − log (10)
2
Concepts =0. 14 − 0. 0295
=+0. 1105 V
Practice
(b) (i) Anode is positive in electrolytic cell and oxidation takes place. Therefore, at anode H2O, OH-, Cl- gets attracted
Assignments
(negative charge gets attracted to positive charge) but OH- cannot oxidise because hydrogen is in maximum
oxidation state and to oxidise H20, we need more electricity (overpotential) because of presence of hydrogen bond
Tests so, Cl- gets oxidised to produce Cl2 gas.
(ii) This can be explained by the fact that the number of ions per unit volume that carry the current in a solution
Popular Questions
decreases on dilution. Therefore, the conductivity of CH3COOH decreases on dilution.
Activities
OR
(a)
Revision Notes
+ −
Anode : H2 → 2H + 2e

Cathode : 2 AgCl + 2e
−
→ 2 Ag + 2 Cl
−
+ −
Overall reaction 2 AgCl (s) + H 2 (g) → 2 Ag (s) + 2H (aq) + 2 Cl (aq)
0
ΔG° = − nFE
cell
0
∴ E = 0. 226 V
cell
0.059 2 2
Ecell = 0. 226 − log (0. 1) (0. 1)
2
0.059 −4
Therefore, Ecell =0. 226 − log 10
2
=0. 226 + 0. 059 × 2
=0. 344 V
(b) Fuel cell is an electrochemical cell in which chemical energy of fuel is directly converted into electrical energy. It
converts the energy from the combustion of fuels such as H2, CO, CH4 etc directly into the electrical energy.
Fuel cell is designed in such a way that the materials to be oxidised at anode and reduced at cathode are stored
outside the electrodes , so as to maintain a constant supply. One of the most successful fuel cell is the H2-O2 fuel
cell. The H2-O2 fuel cell consists of a porous electrodes lled with catalysts like Pt,Ag etc.
Hydrogen fuel, or hydrogen-oxygen fuel, has many bene ts over other fuel forms, making it a potential leader in
alternative fuel technology.
Emissions: When looking at the advantages of hydrogen fuel, one of the most commonly known bene ts is that
cars using this fuel emit only water vapor from the tail pipe. This water then evaporates back into the air, completing
a cycle. This is one of the most desirable bene ts of using hydrogen fuel.
E ciency:Gasoline is less e cient than hydrogen fuel. Hydrogen has a higher energy density per unit of nt of fuel.
Or travel the same distance on a smaller amount of fuel, which could lead to smaller fuel tanks and roomier
vehicles. It is estimated that hydrogen vehicles can travel at least twice the distance of a regular car running on
gasoline using the same amount of fuel.mass than gasoline, which means that cars will be able to travel farther on
the same amount.
Calculate the degree of dissociation (α) of acetic acid if its molar conductivity (Λm) is 39.05 S cm2 mol−1. (2)
Given λ°(H+) = 349.6 S cm2 mol−1 and λ°(CH3COO−) = 40.9 S cm2 mol−1
SOLUTION:
The degree of dissociation of a weak electrolyte is given by the following relation
α = Λm / Λ0 ... Equation (1)
where α is the degree of dissociation of the electrolyte, Λm is the molar conductivity and Λ0 is the molar conductivity
at in nite dilution.
We are viewing
You are currently given that
study the ionic
content molar class.
for another conductivity atgo
Click here to intonite
your dilution ofXI-Science)
class (CBSE acetate and hydrogen
OR Change ionsto are
your class CBSE349.8 and 40.9
XII-Science. S
2 -1
cm mol respectively. Hence the limiting molar conductivity of acetic acid would be written as:
Λ0acetic acid = λ0(H+) + λ0(CH3COO- )
= 40.9 +12-SCIENCE
349.8  STUDY  ASK & ANSWER  FEED ME 
= 390.7 cm2 mol-1
Now, since we are given that the molar conductivity of acetic acid is Λm = 39.05 S cm2 mol-1.
Live Classes Therefore, substituting the values in equation (1), we get:
Concepts Degree of dissociation of acetic acid = α = Λm / Λ0 = 39.05

390.7
= 0.0999 ≃ 0.1
Practice
Assignments
Tests
(a) Calculate the mass of Ag deposited at cathode when a current of 2 amperes was passed through a solution
Popular Questions
of AgNO3 for 15 minutes. (3)
(Given : Molar mass of Ag = 108 g mol−1 lF = 96500 C mol−1)
Activities
(b) De ne fuel cell.
Revision Notes
SOLUTION:
(i)
t = 900 s
Charge = Current × Time = 2 A × 900 s = 1800 C
According to the reaction:
Ag+(aq) + e – = Ag(s)
We require 1F to deposit 1 mol or 108 g of Ag.

For 1800 C, the mass of Ag deposited = (108 g mol –1 × 1800 C)/(1 × 96500 C mol –1) = 2.0145 g.
(ii)
Galvanic cells that are designed to convert the energy of combustion of fuels like hydrogen, methanol, methane, etc.
directly into electrical energy are called fuel cells.
Write the name of the cell which is generally used in transistors. Write the reactions taking place at the anode
and the cathode of this cell. (2)
SOLUTION:
The dry cell (also known as Leclanche cell) is used in transistors.
The reactions taking place at the anode and cathode are given below.
At anode: Zn (s) → Zn
2+
+ 2e
−
At cathode: MnO2 + NH4
+ −
+ e → MnO (OH) + NH3
(a) The cell in which the following reaction occurs: (3)

3+ − 2+
2 Fe (aq) + 2 I (aq) −−−−−−→ 2 Fe (aq) + I2 (s)
has Ecell = 0·236 V at 298 K. Calculate the standard Gibbs energy of the cell reaction. (Given : 1 F = 96,500 C
o
mol−1)
(b) How many electrons ow through a metllic wire if a current of 0·5 A is passed for 2 hours? (Given : 1 F =
96,500 C mol−1)
SOLUTION:
(a)
Here, n = 2, T = 298 K
We know that:
= −2 × 96500 × 0.236
= −45548 J mol−1
−1
Live Classes = −45.548 kJ mol
Concepts (b)
I = 0.5 A
Practice
t = 2 hours = 2 × 60 × 60 s = 7200 s
Assignments
Thus, Q = It
Tests = 0.5 A × 7200 s
= 3600 C
Popular Questions
We know that 96500 C = 6.023 × 1023 number of electrons.

Activities
Then,
Revision Notes
3600 C =
6.023 × 10
23
× 3600
number of electrons
96500
22
= 2. 25 × 10 number of electrons
Hence, number of electrons will ow through the wire.
From the given cells:

Lead storage cell, Mercury cell, Fuel cell and Dry cell
Answer the following:
(i) Which cell is used in hearing aids?
(ii) Which cell was used in Apollo Space Programme?
(iii) Which cell is used in automobiles and inverters?
(iv) Which cell does not have long life?
SOLUTION:
(i) Mercury cell is used in hearing aids.
(ii) Fuel cell was used in the Apollo space programme.
(iii) Lead storage cell is used in automobiles and inverters.
(iv) Dry cell does not have a long life.
Calculate e.m.f of the following cell at 298 K:
2Cr(s) + 3Fe2+ (0.1M) → 2Cr3+ (0.01M) + 3 Fe(s)
Given: E°(Cr3+ | Cr) = – 0.74 VE° (Fe2+ | Fe) = – 0.44 V
SOLUTION:
The balanced chemical reaction can be written as follows:

2+ 3+
You are currently
2 Cr (s) viewing study
+ 3 Fecontent
(0.for1 M)
another −
class.
− → Click
2 here
Cr to go to your
(0. class (CBSE
01 M) + 3 XI-Science)
Fe (s) OR Change your class to CBSE XII-Science.
Given :
o
E 3+
= − 0. 74 V Type your Kamal Kaum Deep…
Cr / Cr
o
E 2+
= − 0. 44 V
Fe / Fe
Electrochemistry
The cell can be represented as follows :
∣ ∣∣ ∣
3+ 2+
Cr ∣ Cr (0. 01 M) ∣∣ Fe (0. 1 M)∣ Fe (s)
Live Classes ∣ ∣∣ ∣
o
E can be calculated as follows :
Cell
Concepts o o o
E = E 2+
− E 3+
Cell Fe / Fe Cr / Cr
Practice
o
E = − 0. 44 − (−0. 74) = 0. 30 V
Cell
Assignments
2
3+
[Cr ]
o 2.303 RT
Ecell = E − log
Tests Cell nF 2+
3
[Fe ]
2
(0.01)
Popular Questions
ECell = 0. 30 −
0.0591
log 3
6
(0.1)
Activities ECell = 0. 30 + 0. 01
ECell = 0. 31 V

Revision Notes
(a) Calculate E°cell for the following reaction at 298 K:

2Al(s) + 3Cu2+ (0.01 M) → 2Al3+ (0.01M) + 3Cu(s)
Given: Ecell = 1.98V
(b) Using the E° values of A and B, predict which is better for coating the surface of iron [E°(Fe2+/Fe) = –0.44V]
to prevent corrosion and why?
Given: E°(A2+/A) = –2.37V : E° (B2+/B) = –0.14V

OR
(a) The conductivity of 0.001 mol L–1 solution of CH3COOH is 3.905 × 10–5 S cm–1. Calculate its molar
conductivity and degree of dissociation (α).
Given λ0 (H+) = 349.6 S cm2 mol–1 and λ0 (CH3COO–) = 40.9 S cm2 mol–1
(b) De ne electrochemical cell. What happens if external potential applied becomes greater than E°cell of
electrochemical cell?
SOLUTION:
(a)
o RT
Ecell = E − ln Q
cell nF
o 2.303 RT
Ecell = E − log Q
cell nF
o 2.303RT
E = Ecell + log Q
cell nF
o 0.0591
E = 1. 98 + = 1. 99V
cell 6
(b)
For electroplating of iron, we require cathode couple that gives positive Eocell value.
When we compare the values of given options, we get

Eocell = Eocathode − Eoanode
Case 1
Eocell = E°(A2+/A) − E°(Fe2+/Fe) = (−2.37 + 0.44) = −1.93 V
Case 2
Eocell = E°(B2+/B) − E°(Fe2+/Fe) = (−0.14 + 0.44) = 0.3 V
Due to B's positive E° value, it is the obvious choice for coating the surface of iron.
OR
(a)
12-SCIENCE
× 1000
 STUDY
= 39.05 ASK &
 S cm2 ANSWER 
mol−1 FEED ME 
Here,
κ = Measured conductivity
c = Electrolyte concentration
Live Classes
Degree of dissociation = Molar conductance/Molar conductance at in nite dilution
Concepts
= 39.05/390.5
Practice = 0.1
Assignments
(b) An electrochemical cell is a device capable of generating electrical energy from chemical reactions.
If external potential is higher than E°cell potential value of the cell, the ow of current is reversed and recharging of
Tests
cell takes place.
Popular Questions
Activities
Revision Notes
How much charge is required for the reduction of 1 mol of Zn2+ to Zn?
SOLUTION:
Zn2+ + 2e- → Zn
Number of electrons involved = 2
Charge required for the reduction of Zn2+ = 2F
We know
1F = 96,487 C
Thus,
2F = 2 × 96487 = 1,92,974 C
Calculate e.m.f. and ∆G for the following cell:
2+ 2+
Mg (s) ∣ (0. 001 M)∣ ∣ (0. 0001 M)∣
∣Mg ∣ ∣ Cu ∣ Cu (s)
Given : E0 2+
= −2. 37 V, E
0
2+
= +0. 34 V.
(Mg / Mg) (Cu / Cu)
OR
(a) The conductivity of 0.20 mol L−1 solution of KCl is 2.48 × 10−2 S cm−1. Calculate its molar conductivity and
degree of dissociation (α). Given λ0 (K+) = 73.5 S cm2 mol−1 and λ0 (C1−) = 76.5 S cm2 mol−1.
(b) What type of battery is mercury cell? Why is it more advantageous than dry cell?
SOLUTION:
For the given cell representation, the cell reaction will be
Mg(s) + Cu2+(0.0001 M) → Mg2+(0.001 M) + Cu(s)
The standard emf of the cell will be given by
E °cell = E ° 2+ − E° 2+
Cu / Cu Mg / Mg
= 0. 34 − (−2. 37)
= 2. 71 V
The Nernst equation for the cell reaction at 25 ºC will be
2+
[Mg ]
∘ 0.0591
Ecell = E − log
011-40705070
cell n or CALL ME
[Cu ]
2+ PURCHASE
0.0591 0.001
= 12-SCIENCE
2. 71 − 2 STUDY
log  ASK & ANSWER  FEED ME 
0.0001
= 2. 71 − 0. 02955 (log 10)
Electrochemistry
= 2. 71 −0. 02955 (1)
= 2. 68045 V ≈ 2. 68 V
Live Classes We know
Δ G = −nFEcell
Concepts
= −2 × 96500 × 2. 68
−1
= −517240 J mol
Practice
−1
= −517. 24 kJ mol
Assignments OR
Tests (a)
Conductivity of KCl solution = 2.48×10–2 S cm–1
Concentration of KCl solution = 0.20 mol L–1
Popular Questions
= 0.20 × 1000 mol cm–3
= 200 mol cm–3
Activities
Molar conductivity
Revision Notes κ
Λ m =
c
Board Paper Questions 2.48×10 −2

S cm
−1
=
200 mol cm −3
−6 2 −1
= 124 × 10 S cm mol
Given :
o 2 −1
λ + = 73. 5 S cm mol
K
o 2 −1
λ −
= 76. 5 S cm mol
Cl
Degree of dissociation
Λm
α = ∘
. . . . . (i)
Λm
∘
Λ°m(KCl) = λ° + + λ −
K Cl
= 73. 5 + 76. 5
2 −1
= 150 S cm mol
∘
Substituting the values of Λ m and Λ in (i), we get
m(KCl)
−6 2 −1
124×10 S cm mol −6
α = = 0. 82 × 10
−1
150 S cm 2 mol
(b)
Mercury cell is a type of primary battery. In primary batteries, the charging reaction occurs only once and after it has
been used over a period of time, the battery becomes dead and cannot be reused.
Mercury cell is more advantageous than dry cell because dry cell has a very short life span due to the conversion of
zinc to zinc chloride that makes the zinc casing porous. Due to this porous casing, the substance inside the cell
leaks out and corrodes the metal, reducing the lifetime of the cell. While, in the case of mercury cell, the overall
reaction does not involve formation of any ion in the solution whose concentration can change during its life time.
(a) Following reactions occur at cathode during the electrolysis of aqueous copper(II) chloride solution :
2+ −
Cu (aq) + 2e −−−−−→ Cu (s) E° = 0. 34 V

− 1
H + (aq) + e −−−−−→ H 2 (g) E° = 0. 00 V
2

On the basis of their standard reduction electrode potential (E°) values, which reaction is feasible at the
cathode and why ?
(b) State Kohlrausch law of independent migration of ions. Write its one application.
SOLUTION:
(a) Given:
2+ −
You are currently
Cu viewing+
(aq) study
2econtent
→ for
Cuanother class. Click here
(s) E° = to go to34 V
+0. your class (CBSE XI-Science) OR Change your class to CBSE XII-Science.
+ − 1
H 011-40705070
(aq) + e →
2
or
H 2 (g) E°
CALL ME = 0. 00 V
PURCHASE
The relationship between
12-SCIENCE 
the 
STUDY standard
ASK &free energy
ANSWER 
change
FEED and
ME the

standard emf of a cell reaction is given by
ΔG° = −nF E°
Thus, the more positive the standard reduction potential of a reaction, the more negative is the standard free energy
change associated with the process and, consequently, the higher is the feasibility of the reaction.
Live Classes
Since E∘ 2+
has a greater positive value than E∘H +
/H
, the reaction that is feasible at the cathode is
Cu / Cu
Concepts
2+ −
Cu (aq) + 2e → Cu (s)
Practice
(b) According to Kohlrausch's law of independent migration of ions, "The limiting molar conductivity of an
Assignments
electrolyte can be represented as the sum of the limiting molar conductivities of the anion and cation of the
electrolyte."
Tests The law is used to determine the limiting molar conductivity of weak electrolytes whose molar conductivity
increases steeply on dilution.
Popular Questions

Activities
Revision Notes

Calculate the emf of the following cell at 25°C :
Zn | Zn2+ (0.001 M) || H+ (0.01 M) | H2(g) (1 bar) | Pt(s)
0 0
E 2+ = −0. 76 V, E + = 0. 00 V
(Zn / Zn) (H /H2 )
SOLUTION:
Zn(s) + 2H+(aq) → Zn2+(aq) + H2(g)

The standard emf of the cell will be
∘ ∘ ∘
E = E + − E 2+
cell H /H2 / Zn
Zn
∘
E = 0 − (−0. 76) = 0. 76 V
cell
2+
[Zn ]
∘ 0.0591
Ecell = E − log
cell n + 2
[H ]
0.0591 0.001
= 0. 76 − log
2 2
(0.01)
= 0. 76 − 0. 02955 (log 10)
= 0. 76 − 0. 02955 (1)
= 0. 73045 V ≈ 0. 73 V
Thus, the emf of the cell at 25 ºC is 0.73 V.
(a) Following reactions occur at cathode during the electrolysis of aqueous silver chloride solution :
+ −
Ag (aq) + e −−−−→ Ag (s) E° = + 0. 80 V

+ − 1
H (aq) + e −−−−→ H 2 (g) E° = 0. 00 V
2

On the basis of their standard reduction electrode potential (E°) values, which reaction is feasible at the
cathode and why ?
(b) De ne limiting molar conductivity. Why conductivity of an electrolyte solution decreases with the decrease
in concentration ?
SOLUTION:
(a) Given:
+ −
Ag 011-40705070
(aq) + e or (s) E°
→ Ag CALL ME = +0. 80 V
PURCHASE
+ − 1 Type your Kamal Kaum Deep…
H (aq) + e → H 2 (g) E° = 0. 00 V
12-SCIENCE 2 STUDY  ASK & ANSWER  FEED ME 
The relationship between the standard free energy change and emf of a cell reaction is given by
ΔG° = −nF E °
Live Classes Thus, the more positive the standard reduction potential of a reaction, the more negative is the standard free energy
change associated with the process and, consequently, the higher is the feasibility of the reaction.
Concepts
Since E ∘ +
has a greater positive value than EH
∘
+
/H
, the reaction which is feasible at the cathode is given by
Ag / Ag
Practice + −
Ag (aq) + e → Ag (s)
Assignments (b) The limiting molar conductivity of an electrolyte is de ned as its molar conductivity when the concentration of
the electrolyte in the solution approaches zero.
Tests
The conductivity of an electrolyte solution is the conductance of ions present in a unit volume of the solution. The
number of ions (responsible for carrying current) decreases when the solution is diluted or the concentration is
Popular Questions
decreased. As a result, the conductivity of an electrolyte solution decreases with the decrease in concentration.
Activities
Revision Notes
Calculate emf of the following cell at 25 °C :

2+ +
Fe ∣
∣Fe (0. 001 M)∣
∣ |H (0. 01 M)| H 2 (g) (1 bar) Pt (s)
2+ +
E° (Fe Fe ) = −0. 44 V E° (H H 2 ) = 0. 00 V
SOLUTION:
Fe(s) + 2H+(aq) → Fe2+(aq) + H2(g)
o o o
E = E + − E 2+
cell H /H2 / Fe
Fe
o
⇒ E = 0 − (−0. 44) = 0. 44 V
cell
2+
[Fe ]
∘ 0.0591
Ecell = E − log
cell n + 2
[H ]
0.0591 0.001
= 0. 44 − log
2 2
(0.01)
= 0. 44 − 0. 02955 (log 10)
= 0. 44 − 0. 02955 (1)
= 0. 41045 V ≈ 0. 41 V

2+ +
Fe ∣
∣Fe (0. 001 M)∣
∣ |H (0. 01 M)| H 2 (g) (1 bar) Pt (s)
2+ +
E° (Fe Fe ) = −0. 44 V E° (H H 2 ) = 0. 00 V
SOLUTION:
Fe(s) + 2H+(aq) → Fe2+(aq) + H2(g)

o o o
E = E +
− E 2+
cell H /H2 / Fe
Fe
o
⇒ E = 0 − (−0. 44) = 0. 44 V
cell
The Nernst
You are currently equation
viewing for for
study content theanother
cell reaction athere
class. Click 25 toºCgowill be class (CBSE XI-Science) OR Change your class to CBSE XII-Science.
to your
011-40705070 or CALL
2+ ME
[Fe ]
PURCHASE
∘ 0.0591
Ecell = E
cell
− log
2
n +
12-SCIENCE  STUDY
[H ]
 ASK & ANSWER  FEED ME 
0.0591 0.001
= 0. 44 − log 2

2
(0.01)
= 0. 44 − 0. 02955 (log 10)
= 0. 44 − 0. 02955 (1)

Live Classes
= 0. 41045 V ≈ 0. 41 V
Concepts
Practice
Assignments
Tests 2+ +
Fe ∣
∣Fe (0. 001 M)∣
∣ |H (0. 01 M)| H 2 (g) (1 bar) Pt (s)
Popular Questions 2+ +
E° (Fe Fe ) = −0. 44 V E° (H H 2 ) = 0. 00 V
Activities
SOLUTION:
Revision Notes
Fe(s) + 2H+(aq) → Fe2+(aq) + H2(g)
o o o
E = E + − E 2+
cell H /H2 Fe / Fe
o
⇒ E = 0 − (−0. 44) = 0. 44 V
cell
2+
[Fe ]
∘ 0.0591
Ecell = E − log
cell n + 2
[H ]
0.0591 0.001
= 0. 44 − log
2 2
(0.01)
= 0. 44 − 0. 02955 (log 10)
= 0. 44 − 0. 02955 (1)
= 0. 41045 V ≈ 0. 41 V
(a) Calculate ∆rG° for the given reaction:

Mg (s) + Cu2+ (aq.) → Mg2+ (aq.) + Cu (s)
Given : E°cell = +2·71 V, 1 F = 96500 Cmol−1
(b) Name the type of cell which was used in Apollo space programme for providing electrical power.
SOLUTION:
(a) Consider the cell reaction.
Mg (s) + Cu2+ (aq.) → Mg2+ (aq.) + Cu (s) E°cell = +2·71 V

Here, the change in the standard Gibbs free energy is given as:
∆rG° = −nFE°cell = −2 × 96500 × 2.71 = −523030 Jmol−1

b) The fuel cell that uses the reaction of hydrogen with oxygen to form water was used in the Apollo space programme to
provide electrical power.
(a) De ne the following terms :
(i) Limiting molar conductivity

(ii) Fuel cell
(b) Resistance of a conductivity cell lled with 0.1 mol L−1 KCl solution is 100 Ω. If the resistance of the same
011-40705070
cell when lled with 0.02 L−1ME
or molCALL KCl solution is 520 Ω, calculate the conductivity and molar conductivity of
PURCHASE
0.02 mol L−1 KCl solution. The conductivity of 0.1 mol L−1 KCl solution is 1.29 ×Type
10−2 Ω−1 cm−1. Kamal Kaum Deep…
your
OR
(a) State Faraday's rst law of electrolysis. How much charge in terms of Faraday is required for the reduction
of 1 mol of Cu2+ to Cu.
Live Classes
(b) Calculate emf of the following cell at 298 K:
Mg(s) | Mg2+(0.1 M) || Cu2+ (0.01) | Cu(s)
Concepts
[Given Eocell = +2.71 V, 1 F = 96500 C mol–1]
Practice SOLUTION:
(a)
Assignments
(i) When concentration of an electrolyte approaches zero, then its molar conductivity is known as limiting molar
conductivity.
Tests
(ii)
Fuel cells are the galvanic cells in which the energy of combustion of the fuels like hydrogen, methanol. etc is
Popular Questions
directly converted into electrical energy.
Activities
(b)
Given that:
Revision Notes
Concentration of the KCl solution = 0.1 mol L−1
Resistance of cell lled with 0.1 mol L−1 KCl solution = 100 ohm
Cell constant = G* = conductivity × resistance
1.29×10−2 ohm−1cm−1 × 100 ohm = 1.29 cm−1 = 129 m−1
Cell constant for a particular conductivity cell is a consant.
−1
Conductivity of 0.02 mol L−1 KCl solution = Cell constant

= G* =
129 m −1
= 0. 248 Sm
Resistance R 520 ohm
Concentration = 0.02 mol L−1

= 1000×0.02 mol m−3 = 20 mol m−3
Now,
−3 −1
Molar conductivity =Λ m =
κ
c
=
248×10 S m
−3
= 124 × 10
−4
S m
2
mol
−1
20 mol m
Therefore, the molar conductivity of 0.02 mol L−1 KCl solution is 124 × 10 −4 S m2 mol−1 .
OR
(a)
Faraday's rst law of electrolysis states that "the amount of chemical reaction which occurs at any electrode during
electrolysis by a current is proportional to the quantity of electricity passed through the electrolytic solution or melt".
The reduction of one mol of Cu2+ to Cu can be represented as:

2+ −
Cu + 2e → Cu
Since, in this reaction there are two moles of electrons involved, so the amount of charge required is 2F.
(b) The cell reaction can be represented as:

Mg(s) + Cu2+(aq.) → Mg2+(aq.) + Cu(s)
Given,
o
E = + 2. 71 V
cell
T = 298 K
According to the Nernst equation :

2+
[Mg ]
o 0.0591 0.0591 0.1
E = E − log = 2. 71 − log
cell 2 2+ 2 0.01
[Cu ]
= 2. 71 − 0. 0295 log 10 = 2. 71 − 0. 0295
= 2. 6805 V

(ii) Fuel cell
(b) Resistance
You are currently of acontent
viewing study conductivity
for anothercell
class.lled
Clickwith 0.1
here to go mol L−1
to your KCl(CBSE
class solution is 100
XI-Science) OR Ω. If the
Change resistance
your ofXII-Science.
class to CBSE the same
−1
cell when lled with 0.02 mol L KCl solution is 520 Ω, calculate the conductivity and molar conductivity of
0.02 mol L−1 KCl solution.
011-40705070 or The conductivity
CALL ME of 0.1 mol L−1 KCl solution is 1.29 × 10−2 Ω−1 cm−1.
PURCHASE
12-SCIENCE  STUDY  ASK & ANSWER  FEED
OR ME 
(a) State Faraday's rst law of electrolysis. How much charge in terms of Faraday is required for the reduction
Electrochemistry
of 1 mol of Cu2+to Cu.
Live Classes
Mg(s) | Mg2+(0.1 M) || Cu2+ (0.01) | Cu(s)
Concepts
SOLUTION:
Practice
(a)
Assignments
conductivity.
(ii)
Tests
Popular Questions
Activities (b)
Given that:
Revision Notes
1.29×10−2 ohm−1cm−1 × 100 ohm = 1.29 cm−1 = 129 m−1
−1
Conductivity of 0.02 mol L−1 KCl solution = =

Cell constant G* 129 m −1
= = 0. 248 Sm

= 1000×0.02 mol m−3 = 20 mol m−3
Now,
−3 −1
Molar conductivity =Λ m =
κ
c
=
248×10 S m
−3
= 124 × 10
−4
S m
2
mol
−1
20 mol m
Therefore, the molar conductivity of 0.02 mol L−1 KCl solution is 124 × 10 −4 S m2 mol−1 .
OR
(a)

2+ −
Cu + 2e → Cu

Mg(s) + Cu2+(aq.) → Mg2+(aq.) + Cu(s)
Given,
o
E = + 2. 71 V
cell
T = 298 K

2+
[Mg ]
o 0.0591 0.0591 0.1
E = E − log = 2. 71 − log
cell 2 2+ 2 0.01
[Cu ]
= 2. 71 − 0. 0295 log 10 = 2. 71 − 0. 0295
= 2. 6805 V
State Kohlrausch's law of independent migration of ions. Why does the conductivity of a solution decrease with
dilution?
SOLUTION:
Kohlrausch's
You are currently viewing law
studyof independent
content for another migration of ions:
class. Click here Ityour
to go to states
classthat the
(CBSE limitingOR
XI-Science) molar conductivity
Change of an
your class to CBSE electrolyte
XII-Science. can
be represented as the sum of the individual contributions of its anion and cation.
Conductivity of a solution
12-SCIENCE 
decreases
STUDY  ASKwith dilution
& ANSWER 
because
FEED itME
leads

to decrease in number of ions per unit volume.

Live Classes
(a) Calculate ∆rG° for the reaction

Concepts
Mg (s) + Cu2+ (aq) → Mg2+ (aq) + Cu (s)
Given : E°cell = + 2·71 V, 1 F = 96500 C mol−1
Practice (b) Name the type of cell which was used in Apollo space programme for providing electrical power.
Assignments SOLUTION:
(a) For the cell reaction,

Tests
Mg (s) + Cu2+ (aq) → Mg2+ (aq) + Cu (s) E°cell = + 2·71 V
Popular Questions
The change in the standard Gibbs free energy is given as:
Activities ∆rG° = −nFE°cell = −2×96500×2.71 = -523030 Jmol−1
b) The fuel cell which uses the reaction of hydrogen with oxygen to form water was used in Apollo space programme for
Revision Notes
providing electrical power.

(ii) Fuel cell
(b) Resistance of a conductivity cell lled with 0.1 mol L−1 KCl solution is 100 Ω. If the resistance of the same
cell when lled with 0.02 mol L−1 KCl solution is 520 Ω, calculate the conductivity and molar conductivity of
0.02 mol L−1 KCl solution. The conductivity of 0.1 mol L−1 KCl solution is 1.29 × 10−2 Ω−1 cm−1.

OR
(a) State Faraday's First Law of Electrolysis. How much charge in terms of Faraday is required for the reduction
of 1 mol of Cu2+ to Cu.

Mg(s) | Mg2+(0.1 M) || Cu2+ (0.01) | Cu(s)
SOLUTION:
(a)
conductivity.
(ii)
(b)
Given that:
1.29×10−2 ohm−1cm−1 × 100 ohm = 1.29 cm−1 = 129 m−1
−1
Conductivity of 0.02 mol L−1 KCl solution = =

Cell constant G* 129 m −1
= = 0. 248 Sm

= 1000×0.02 mol m−3 = 20 mol m−3
Now,
−3 −1
Molar conductivity =Λ m
κ 248×10 S m −4 2 −1
= = = 124 × 10 S m mol
c −3
20 mol m
Therefore, the molar conductivity of 0.02 mol L−1 KCl solution is 124 × 10 .
−4 2 −1
S m mol
OR
(a) 12-SCIENCE  STUDY  ASK & ANSWER  FEED ME 

2+ −
Live Classes Cu + 2e → Cu
Concepts
Practice Mg(s) + Cu2+(aq.) → Mg2+(aq.) + Cu(s)
Given,
Assignments o
E = + 2. 71 V
cell
Tests T = 298 K

Popular Questions 2+
[Mg ]
o 0.0591 0.0591 0.1
E = E − log = 2. 71 − log
cell 2 2+ 2 0.01
[Cu ]
Activities
= 2. 71 − 0. 0295 log 10 = 2. 71 − 0. 0295
Revision Notes
= 2. 6805 V

The standard electrode potential (E°) for Daniell cell is + 1·1 V. Calculate the ΔG° for the reaction (2)
(1 F = 96500 C mol−1).
SOLUTION:
E° for Daniel cell = 1.1 V
Zn(s) + Cu2+ (aq) → Zn2+ (aq) + Cu(s)

1F = 96500 C mol−1
ΔG° = ?
n = 2 (no. of e−s exchanged)

Since, ΔG° = −nFE°
Therefore, ΔG° = −2 × 96500 × 1.1
ΔG° = −212300 J mol−1

ΔG° = −212.3 kJ mol−1
Calculate the emf of the following cell at 25°C : (3)
Given E°cell = + 0.46 V and log 10n = n.
SOLUTION:
Ag (s) |Ag+ (10−3 M) || Cu2+ (10−1 M)| Cu(s)
T = 298 K
Cell reaction:

n=2
Live Classes
Concepts
Practice

Assignments
Tests
Popular Questions
The conductivity of 0.20 M solution of KCl at 298 K is 0.025 S cm−1. Calculate its molar conductivity. (2)
Activities SOLUTION:
κ (S cm−1) = 0.025 S cm−1 and molarity (mol L−1) = 0.20 M
Revision Notes
Calculate the emf of the following cell at 298 K: (3)
SOLUTION:
At anode: Fe → Fe2+ + 2e-
At cathode: 2H+ + 2e- → H2

So, total number of electrons (n) transferred = 2
Given: Eocell = +0.44 Volt

Temperature (T) = 298 K
Therefore, Ecell = 0.44(−0.02955 × − 3) = 0.44 + 0.08865 = 0.53 Volt.
SOLUTION:
Calculate
You are currently the emf
viewing of content
study the following cellclass.
for another at 298 K: (3)
Click here to go to your class (CBSE XI-Science) OR Change your class to CBSE XII-Science.

SOLUTION:
Electrochemistry
At anode: Fe →Fe2+ + 2e-

Live Classes
Concepts Given: Eocell = +0.44 Volt
Practice Temperature (T) = 298 K
Assignments
Tests
Popular Questions
Activities
Revision Notes
SOLUTION:
Calculate the emf of the following cell at 298 K: (3)
SOLUTION:
At anode: Fe → Fe2+ + 2e-

Given: Eocell = +0.44 Volt

Temperature (T) = 298 K
(a) What type of a battery is the lead storage battery? Write the anode and the cathode reactions and the overall reaction
occurring in a lead storage battery when current is drawn from it.
(b) In the button cell, widely used in watches, the following reaction takes place
Determine E° and ΔG° for the reaction
OR 011-40705070 or CALL ME PURCHASE

(a) De ne molar conductivity of a solution and explain how molar conductivity changes with change
Type your in concentration of Deep…
Kamal Kaum
solution for a weak and
12-SCIENCE  a strong
STUDYelectrolyte.
 ASK & ANSWER  FEED ME 
(b) The resistance of a conductivity cell containing 0.001 M KCl solution at 298 K is 1500Ω. What is the cell constant if the
conductivity of 0.001 M KCl solution at 298 K is 0.146 × 10−3 S cm−1?
SOLUTION:
Live Classes (a) A lead storage battery has a secondary cell. Thus, it can be recharged by passing direct current through it.
Therefore, it can be reused.
Concepts
It is used in automobiles.
Practice In a lead storage cell, the anode is made of spongy lead and the cathode is a grid of lead packed with lead dioxide.
The electrolyte used is H2SO4.
Assignments
At anode:
Tests
At cathode:
Popular Questions
Activities
Overall cell reaction:
Revision Notes

(b) From the given reaction, it is known that zinc is oxidised and silver is reduced in the button cell.
The reactions occurring at the anode and cathode are −
Anode:
Cathode:
We know that
ΔrG0 = − nE0F
Here,
n=2
F = 96500 C mol−1
ΔrG0 = − 2 × 1.56 × 96500 J mol−1
= − 301080 J mol−1
OR
(a) Molar conductivity of a solution at a given concentration is the conductance of volume V of a solution
containing 1 mole of the electrolyte kept between two electrodes with the area of cross-section A and distance of
unit length.
Now, l = 1 and A = V (volume containing 1 mole of the electrolyte).
∴ = κV
Molar conductivity increases with a decrease in concentration. This is because the total volume V of the solution
containing one mole of the electrolyte increases on dilution.
Variation of molar conductivities with dilution:

For strong electrolytes, molar conductivity slowly increases with dilution.
For weak electrolytes, molar conductivity increases steeply on dilution, especially near lower concentrations.
The variation of with for strong and weak electrolytes is shown in the following plot:

Live Classes
(b) Given,
Concepts
Conductivity, κ = 0.146 × 10−3 S cm−1
Practice Resistance, R = 1500 Ω
Assignments ∴ Cell constant = κ × R
= 0.146 × 10−3 × 1500

Tests
= 0.219 cm−1
Popular Questions
Activities
Revision Notes
OR
(a) De ne molar conductivity of a solution and explain how molar conductivity changes with change in concentration of
solution for a weak and a strong electrolyte.
SOLUTION:
(a) A lead storage battery has a secondary cell. Thus, it can be recharged by passing direct current through it.
In a lead storage cell, the anode is made of spongy lead and the cathode is a grid of lead packed with lead dioxide.
At anode:
At cathode:
Anode:
Cathode:
We know that
ΔrG0 = − nE0F
Here,
n = 2 viewing study content for another class. Click here to go to your class (CBSE XI-Science) OR Change your class to CBSE XII-Science.
You are currently
F = 96500 C mol−1
ΔrG0 = −12-SCIENCE
2 × 1.56 × 96500 J mol−1 ASK & ANSWER
STUDY  FEED ME 
 
= − 301080 J mol−1
Electrochemistry
OR 
Live Classes containing 1 mole of the electrolyte kept between two electrodes with the area of cross-section A and distance of
unit length.
Concepts
Practice
Assignments
∴ = κV
Tests
Popular Questions
Activities
Revision Notes
The variation of
Board Paper Questions with for strong and weak electrolytes is shown in the following plot:
(b) Given,
Resistance, R = 1500 Ω
∴ Cell constant = κ × R
= 0.146 × 10−3 × 1500
= 0.219 cm−1
OR
(a) De ne molar conductivity of a solution and explain how molar conductivity changes with change in concentration of
solution for a weak and a strong electrolyte.
SOLUTION:
(a) A lead storage battery has a secondary cell. Thus, it can be recharged by passing direct current through it.
In a lead storage cell, the anode is made of spongy lead and the cathode is a grid of lead packed with lead dioxide.
At anode:

At cathode:
Live Classes
Concepts
Practice
Anode:
Assignments Cathode:
Tests
Popular Questions
Activities
We know that
Revision Notes
ΔrG0 = − nE0F
Here,
n=2
F = 96500 C mol−1
ΔrG0 = − 2 × 1.56 × 96500 J mol−1

= − 301080 J mol−1
OR
containing 1 mole of the electrolyte kept between two electrodes with the area of cross-section A and distance of
unit length.
∴ = κV

The variation of with for strong and weak electrolytes is shown in the following plot:
(b) Given,

∴ Cell constant = κ × R
= 0.146 × 10−3 × 1500
= 0.219 cm−1
(a) What type of a battery is lead storage battery? Write the anode and cathode reactions and the overall cell reaction occurring
Electrochemistry
in the operation ofa lead storage battery.
(b) Calculate the potential for half-cell containing 0.10 M K2Cr2O7 (aq), 0.20 M Cr3+ (aq) and 1.0 × 10−4 M H+ (aq)
The half-cell reaction is and the standard electrode potential is given
Live Classes
as E0 = 1.33 V.
OR
Concepts
(a) How many moles of mercury will be produced by electrolysing 1.0 M
Hg (NO3)2 solution with a current of 2.00 A for 3 hours?
Practice [Hg(NO3)2 = 200.6 g mol−1]
(b) A voltaic cell is set up at 25°C with the following half-cells Al3+ (0.001 M) and Ni2+ (0.50 M). Write an equation for the
Assignments reaction that occurs when the cell generates an electric current and determine the cell potential.
Tests
SOLUTION:
Popular Questions
(a) A lead storage battery is a secondary battery.
Activities
The following chemical equations take place in a lead storage battery.
At anode:
Revision Notes
At cathode:
The overall cell reaction is given by,
When a battery is charged, the reverse of all these reactions takes place.
Hence, on charging, PbSO4(s) present at the anode and cathode is converted into Pb(s) and PbO2(s) respectively.
(b) The half-cell reaction is given as:
Using Nernst equation, half cell electrode potential can be calculated as:
Given: E = 1. 33 V
o
cell
2
3+
[Cr ]
o RT
Ecell = E − ln
cell nF +
14
[K2 Cr2 O7 ][H ]
2.303×8.314×298 (0.2)
= 1. 33 − log 14
6×96500 −4
(0.1)(1×10 )
= 1. 33 + 0. 035
= 1. 36 V
OR
(a) Quantity of electricity passed = (2A) × (3 × 60 × 60s) = 21600 C
Thus, 2F i.e. 2 × 96500 C deposit Hg = 1 mole 21600 C will deposit Hg
(b)
Express viewing
You are currently the relation
study between
content forconductivity
another class.and molar
Click conductivity
here to of a(CBSE
go to your class solution held in OR
XI-Science) a cell.
Change your class to CBSE XII-Science.
011-40705070 or
SOLUTION: CALL ME PURCHASE
The molar conductivity
12-SCIENCE 
of a solution
STUDY 
at&aANSWER
ASK given concentration
 FEED is 
ME related to conductivity of that solution, by the
following relation.
Electrochemistry where,Λm is molar conductivity and is the conductivity of the solution.
Live Classes HIDE SOLUTION CBSE BOARD PAPER 2011

Concepts
Practice
Determine the values of equilibrium constant (KC) and ΔG° for the following reaction:
Assignments
Tests
SOLUTION:
Popular Questions
Activities
Revision Notes

The galvanic cell of the given cell reaction is depicted as:
Now, the standard cell potential is
In the given equation, n = 2

F = 96500 C mol−1
Then,
Express the relation among the conductivity of solution in the cell, the cell constant and the resistance of solution in the cell.
SOLUTION:
The conductivity of a solution, the cell constant and the resistance of a cell are related by the following expression.
What type of a battery is lead storage battery? Write the anode and the cathode reactions and the overall reactions occurring in
a lead storage battery.

SOLUTION:
A lead storage
You are currently battery
viewing study isfor
content a secondary
another class.battery.
Click here to go to your class (CBSE XI-Science) OR Change your class to CBSE XII-Science.
The following chemicalorequations

011-40705070 CALL MEtake place in a lead storage battery.
PURCHASE
At anode:
12-SCIENCE STUDY  ASK & ANSWER  FEED ME 

At cathode:
Live Classes
When a battery is charged, the reverse of all these reactions takes place.
Concepts
Hence, on charging, PbSO4(s) present at the anode and cathode is converted into Pb(s) and PbO2(s) respectively.
Practice
Assignments
Tests
Two half-reactions of an electrochemical cell are given below:

Popular Questions
Activities
Construct the redox equation from the standard potential of the cell and predict it the reaction is reactant favoured or product
Revision Notes
favoured.

SOLUTION:
The redox equation is written as
The EMF of the cell is calculated as
Since, the EMF is positive, the reaction is product favoured.
(a) State Kohlrausch law of independent migration of ions. Write an expression for the molar conductivity of acetic acid at
in nite dilution according to Kohlrausch law.
(b) Calcualte for acetic acid.
Given that (HCl) = 426 S cm2 mol−1
(NaCl) = 126 S cm2 mol−1
(CH3COONa) = 91 S cm2 mol−1
OR
(a) Write the anode and cathode reactions and the overall reaction occurring in a lead storage battery.
(b) A copper-silver cell is set up. The copper ion concentration is 0.10 M. The concentration of silver ion is not known. The cell
potential when measured was 0.422 V. Determine the concentration of silver ions in the cell. (Given
)
SOLUTION:
(a)
Kohlrausch law of independent migration of ions: It states that the limiting molar conductivity of an electrolyte can
be represented as the sum of the individual contributions of its anions and cations.
Though acetic acid is a weak acid, it will dissociate completely at in nite dilution.
Now, if Limiting molar conductivity of H+ ions
Limiting molar conductivity of CH3COO− ions
Limiting molar conductivity of CH3COOH
Then,
In general,
You are currently if an
viewing electrolyte
study content for gives cations
another class. andto go anions,
Click here then
to your class its XI-Science)
(CBSE limiting molar conductivity
OR Change your class toisCBSE
given by
XII-Science.

Where, 12-SCIENCE
= Limiting
 molarconcentration
STUDY of cations
ASK & ANSWER  and anions
FEED ME  respectively
(b)
Live Classes
Concepts
Practice
Assignments OR
Tests (a)
A lead storage battery consists of a lead anode, a grid of lead packed with lead oxide (PbO2) as the cathode, and a
Popular Questions
38% solution of sulphuric acid (H2SO4) as an electrolyte.
Activities When the battery is in use, the following cell reactions take place:
At anode:
Revision Notes
At cathode:
When a battery is charged, the reverse of all these reactions take place.
Hence, on charging, present at the anode and cathode is converted into and respectively.
(b) The given cell is
The net cell reactions is
This involves transfer of 2 electrons. Thus, n = 2

According to Nernst equation
Substituting the value of in equation (i), we get
(a) De ne molar conductivity of a substance and describe how for weak and strong electrolytes, molar conductivity changes
with concentration of solute. How is such change explained?
(b) A voltaic cell is set up atSTUDY
12-SCIENCE 
25°C with the following half cells:
ASK & ANSWER  FEED ME 
+ 2+ 
Ag (0.001 M) | Ag and Cu (0.10 M) | Cu
What would be the voltage of this cell?
Electrochemistry
( )
OR
(a) State the relationship amongst the cell constant of a cell, the resistance of the solution in the cell and the conductivity of
Live Classes
the solution. How is molar conductivity of a solute related to the conductivity of its solution?
(b) A voltaic cell is set up at 25°C with the following half-cells:
Concepts Al | Al3+ (0.001 M) and Ni | Ni2+ (0.50 M)
Calculate the cell voltage.
Practice
Assignments
SOLUTION:
Tests (a) Molar conductivity is de ned as the conductance of a solution containing 1 g molecule or 1 mol of electrolyte
such that the entire solution is placed between two electrodes one cm apart. It is denoted as ^m. In the case of
Popular Questions
strong electrolytes, when the concentration is zero, molar conductivity attains a de nite value known as limiting
molar conductivity. It is denoted by ^m, which can be calculated.
Activities
For weak electrolytes, when concentration reaches zero, the graph of ^mvs. becomes parallel to the y-axis.
Thus, the limiting molar conductivity cannot be calculated.
Revision Notes

(b)

OR
The conductivity ( ) of the solution in a cell is the reciprocal of its resistivity.
The quantity is cell constant.
l→ Distance between 2 electrodes

a→ Area of cross section
R→ Resistance
Also, conductivity,
Thus, ^m=
(b) For the given cell,
Eº cell = Eº right− Eº left
Also, Ecell= Eºcell+
The net reaction is
∴ n= 6


Live Classes
Concepts
Practice
Conductivity of 0.00241 M acetic acid solution is 7.896 × 10−5 S cm−1. Calculate its molar conductivity in this solution. If
for acetic acid be 390.5 S cm2 mol−1, what would be its dissociation constant?
Assignments
OR
Three electrolytic cells A, B and C containing solutions of zinc sulphate, silver nitrate and copper sulphate respectively, are
Tests
connected in series. A steady current of 1.5 ampere was passed through them until 1.45 g of silver was deposited at the
cathode of cell B. How long did the current ow? What mass of copper and what mass of zinc were deposited in the concerned
Popular Questions
cells?
(Atomic masses of Ag = 108, Zn = 65.4, Cu = 63.5)
Activities
SOLUTION:
Revision Notes
Conductivity of acetic acid, K = 7.896 × 10−5 S cm−1
for acetic acid = 390.5 S cm2 mol−1

Molar conductivity,
Degree of dissociation,
Dissociation constant of acetic acid, Ka
OR
96500 C are required to deposit 1 mole of silver.

Ag+ + e− Ag
Since 108 g of Ag is deposited by 96500 C,
1.45 g of Ag is deposited by
Q = It
Now, Cu2+ + 2e− Cu
∴Deposited Cu
Also, Zn2+ + 2e− Zn
∴ Deposited Zn
De ne Conductivity and molar conductivity for the solution of an electrolyte.
SOLUTION:
Conductivity is the reciprocal of resistivity. It is denoted by k (Kappa). If k is the conductivity and C is the
conductance of a solution,
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and
Live Classes Or,
Concepts Molar conductivity of a solution is de ned as the conductance of all the ions produced from one mole of an
electrolyte dissolved in V cm3 of solution, when the electrodes are one cm apart and the area of the electrodes is so
Practice large that the entire solution is contained between them. It is represented By Λm.
Assignments HIDE SOLUTION CBSE BOARD PAPER 2007

Tests
Popular Questions
Calculate the standard cell potential of the galvanic cell in which the following reaction takes place:
Activities
Also calculate the ΔrG Θ value of the reaction.
Revision Notes
(Given and F = 96500 C mol−1)

SOLUTION:
For the cell reaction ,
The electrochemical reactions taking place at the cathode and anode are as follows:
Number of electrons involved = 6
(a) Write the formulation for the galvanic cell in which the reaction,
takes place.
Identify the cathode and the anode reactions in it.
(b) Write Nernst equation and calculate the emf of the following cell:
OR
(a) Explain with one example each the terms weak and strong electrolytes.
(b) Write the Nernst equation and calculate the emf of the following cell:
SOLUTION:
(a) The galvanic cell is represented as
The reaction at the anode is given by
The reaction at the cathode is given by
(b) The 011-40705070 or for the

Nernst equation CALLgiven
ME cell is
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Here, Eºcell= Eºcathode− Eºanode
Live Classes = 0 − (−0.14)

= 0.14 V
Concepts
Practice
Assignments = 0.14 − 0.059
= 0.081 V
Tests
OR
Popular Questions
(a) Strong electrolytes completely ionise when dissolved in water.
Activities For example, sodium chloride dissociates as Na+& Cl−.
Weak electrolytes do not ionise completely when dissolved in water.

Revision Notes
For example, carbonic acid dissociates as H+&
(b) The Nernst equation for the given cell is
Here,
(a) Calculate the emf of the cell

Mg(s) | Mg2+ (0.1M) || Cu2+ (1 × 10−3 M) | Cu (s)
Given: E° Cu2+/Cu = +0.34V, E° Mg2+/Mg = −2.37 V
(b) Explain with examples the terms weak and strong electrolytes.
OR
(a) The resistance of a conductivity cell containing 0.001 M KC1 solution at 298 K is 1500 Ω. What is the cell constant if the
(b) Predict the products of electrolysis in the following:
A solution of H2SO4 with platinum electrodes.
SOLUTION:
(a) For the given cell,
= +0.34 − (−2.37) V
= +2.71 V
Now, emf of the cell is given by

Live Classes
= 2.651 V
Concepts
(b) Strong electrolytes are substances which dissociate completely (100%) in solution. Strong acids (such as HCl,
HNO3), strong bases (such as NaOH, KOH) and salts that are not weak acids or weak bases (such as NaCl, KBr) are
Practice
strong electrolytes.
Assignments Weak electrolytes are substances which dissociate partially (1% − 10%) in solution. Weak acids (such as CH3COOH,
H2CO3) and weak bases (such as NH3, C5H5N) are weak electrolytes.
Tests
OR
Popular Questions
(a)
Activities Given,
Revision Notes
Cell constant = κ × R
= 0.146 × 10−3 × 1500
= 0.219 cm−1
(b) At the cathode, the following reduction reaction occurs to produce H2 gas.
At the anode, the following processes are possible.
For dilute sulphuric acid, reaction (i) is preferred to produce O2 gas.

For concentrated sulphuric acid, reaction (ii) occurs.
(a) Explain why electrolysis of aqueous solution of NaCl gives H2 at cathode and Cl2 at anode. Write overall reaction.
(b) Calculate the emf of the cell Zn/Zn2+ (0.1 M) || Cd2+ (0.01 M)/Cd at 298 K, [Given and
Or
(a) Account for the following:
(i) Alkaline medium inhibits the rusting of iron.
(ii) Iron does not rust even if the zinc coating is broken in a galvanised iron pipe.
(b)
(i) Construct a galvanic cell using the above data.

(ii) For what concentration of Ag + ions will the emf of the cell be zero at 25°C, if the concentration of Cu2+ is 0.01 M?
[log 3.919 = 0.593]
SOLUTION:
(a) At cathode, the following reduction reactions can take place:
A reduction
You are currently reaction
viewing withforhigher
study content anotherreduction potential
class. Click here to go tois preferred.
your class (CBSETherefore, theChange
XI-Science) OR reaction
your at the
class to cathode during
CBSE XII-Science.
electrolysis is
This is why electrolysis of aqueous solution of NaCl gives H2 at the cathode.

At anode, the following oxidation reactions can take place:
Live Classes
Concepts
At anode, the reaction with lower value of E0 is preferred. But, due to overvoltage, oxidation of chloride ion occurs
Practice
and chlorine gas is obtained. Hence, the reaction at the anode during electrolysis is
Assignments
Tests
This is why electrolysis of aqueous solution of NaCl gives Cl2 at the anode.
Popular Questions
The overall cell reaction is given below.
Activities .
Revision Notes
(b) emf of the given cell
Thus, the emf of the give cell is 0.36 V.

OR
(a)
(i) Alkaline medium decreases the availability of ions. In the rusting of iron, ions facilitate the oxidation of iron
by rst picking up electrons produced from water, and then, by reducing the oxygen. Thus, alkaline medium inhibits
the rusting of iron.
(ii) The layer of zinc on the surface of iron produces a protective layer of basic zinc carbonate [ZnCO3.Zn(OH)2]. This
is produced by the reaction between zinc, carbon dioxide and moisture in air. Also, zinc, being more electropositive,
undergoes oxidation rst.
Thus, even if the zinc coating is broken in a galvanised iron pipe, iron does not rust because of the protective layer
of basic zinc carbonate.
(b) (i)
(ii) The reaction having more reduction potential occurs at the cathode. Thus,
Cathode reaction:
Anode reaction:
For the given galvanic cell,

Live Classes
Concepts
Practice
Assignments
Tests
Popular Questions
Activities
Revision Notes
(a) De ne electrical conductivity and molar conductivity of a solution and write the units of molar conductivity.
(b) The E° values corresponding to the following two reduction electrode processes are:
(i)
(ii)
Formulate the galvanic cell for their combination. What will be the standard cell potential for it? Calculate for the cell
reaction. (F = 96500 C mol -1) (2, 3)
OR
(a) In the button cell, widely used in watches and other devices, the following reaction takes place:
Determine E° and for the reaction.

Given
(b) Explain with examples the terms weak and strong electrolytes. How can these be distinguished?
SOLUTION:
(a) Electrical conductivity of a solution is the conductance of the solution enclosed in a cell containing two
electrodes having unit cross-sectional area and separated by one cm.
Molar conductivity of a solution at a given concentration is the conductance of volume V of the solution containing
1 mole of the electrolyte kept between two electrodes having the area of cross-section A and separated by a
distance of unit length.
Now, l = 1 and A = V (Volume containing 1 mole of the electrolyte)

So,
Unit of molar conductivity is S m2 mol−1 or S cm2 mol−1.

(b) The galvanic cell representation is
Cu+|Cu2+||Cu+|Cu
The standard cell potential is
We know that
Here,
n=1
F = 96500
You are currently C mol
viewing −1content for another class. Click here to go to your class (CBSE XI-Science) OR Change your class to CBSE XII-Science.
study
So, 011-40705070 or CALL ME PURCHASE

= − 34740 J mol−1
OR
Electrochemistry  reaction, it is known that zinc is oxidised and silver is reduced in the button cell.
(a) From the given
Live Classes
Anode:
Concepts
Cathode:
Practice
Assignments
Tests
We know that
Popular Questions
Activities
Here,
Revision Notes
n=2
F = 96500 C mol−1
(b) Strong electrolytes are substances which dissociate completely (100%) in solution. Strong acids (such as HCl,
HNO3), strong bases (such as NaOH, KOH) and salts that are not weak acids or weak bases (such as NaCl, KBr) are
strong electrolytes.
Weak electrolytes are substances which dissociate partially in solution. Weak acids (such as CH3 COOH3 C5 H5 N)
are weak electrolytes.
Strong and weak electrolytes can be distinguished by their conducting power, which is expressed in terms of degree
of dissociation. For strong electrolytes, it is almost equal to 1, while for weak electrolytes, its value is less than 1.
Write the cell reactions which occur in lead storage battery (i) when the battery is in use and (ii) when the battery is on
charging.
SOLUTION:
i. Cell reactions which occur in lead storage battery when it is in use −
At anode:
At cathode:
Overall reaction:
ii. Cell reactions which occur in lead storage battery when it is being charged −
At anode:
At cathode:
Overall reaction:
Conductivity
You are currently of study
viewing 0.00241 M acetic
content acidclass.
for another is 7.896 10−5toSgo
Click× here cmto−1your
. Calculate its molar
class (CBSE conductivity
XI-Science) and
OR Change if classfor
your to acetic acid is 390.5
CBSE XII-Science.
S cm2 mol−1, what is its dissociation constant?
SOLUTION:
Given,
κ = 7.896 × 10 −5 S m−1
c = 0.00241 mol L−1

Live Classes
Then, molar conductivity,
Concepts
Practice
= 32.76 S cm2 mol−1

Assignments
Again, = 390.5 S cm2 mol−1
Tests
Now,
Popular Questions
Activities
= 0.084
Revision Notes Dissociation constant,
= 1.86 × 10−5 mol L−1
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Electrochemistry, Board Paper Question - CBSE Class 12-Science CHEMISTRY, Chemistry Part I Ncert Solutions - Meritnation

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What are the reactions occurring in a lead acid battery during charging and discharging?

What are the reactions occurring in a lead acid battery during charging and discharging?

What are the differences between strong and weak electrolytes?

What are the differences between strong and weak electrolytes?

9/27/2019 Electrochemistry, Board Paper Question: CBSE Class 12-science CHEMISTRY, Chemistry Part I Ncert Solutions - Meritnation

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Answer the following:

=2. 71 − 0. 0295 × (−1)

(a) Given: I = 2A

(i) Fe2+ 2e– → Fe

56 g of Fe requires = 2 × 96500 C charge

(ii) Zn2+ + 2e– → Zn

2 × 96500 C of electricity deposit Zn = 65.3 g

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(b) (i) A = Strong

Practice HIDE SOLUTION CBSE BOARD PAPER 2019

HIDE SOLUTION CBSE BOARD PAPER 2018

(b) Give reasons:

ΔG° = −43600 J at 25°C

Live Classes 0.059

Concepts =0. 14 − 0. 0295

Board Paper Questions

=0. 226 + 0. 059 × 2

HIDE SOLUTION CBSE BOARD PAPER 2018

Concepts Degree of dissociation of acetic acid = α = Λm / Λ0 = 39.05

We require 1F to deposit 1 mol or 108 g of Ag.

HIDE SOLUTION CBSE BOARD PAPER 2017

HIDE SOLUTION CBSE BOARD PAPER 2017

(a) The cell in which the following reaction occurs: (3)

We know that 96500 C = 6.023 × 1023 number of electrons.

Hence, number of electrons will ow through the wire.

HIDE SOLUTION CBSE BOARD PAPER 2017

From the given cells:

HIDE SOLUTION CBSE BOARD PAPER 2016

Calculate e.m.f of the following cell at 298 K:

2Cr(s) + 3Fe2+ (0.1M) → 2Cr3+ (0.01M) + 3 Fe(s)

Given: E°(Cr3+ | Cr) = – 0.74 VE° (Fe2+ | Fe) = – 0.44 V

Activities ECell = 0. 30 + 0. 01

ECell = 0. 31 V

(a) Calculate E°cell for the following reaction at 298 K:

When we compare the values of given options, we get

HIDE SOLUTION CBSE BOARD PAPER 2015

Calculate e.m.f. and ∆G for the following cell:

The standard emf of the cell will be given by

= 0. 34 − (−2. 37)

The Nernst equation for the cell reaction at 25 ºC will be

= 2. 71 − 0. 02955 (log 10)

= 2. 68045 V ≈ 2. 68 V

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Board Paper Questions 2.48×10 −2

= 73. 5 + 76. 5

HIDE SOLUTION CBSE BOARD PAPER 2015

HIDE SOLUTION CBSE BOARD PAPER 2015

Board Paper Questions

Zn | Zn2+ (0.001 M) || H+ (0.01 M) | H2(g) (1 bar) | Pt(s)

Zn(s) + 2H+(aq) → Zn2+(aq) + H2(g)

The Nernst equation for the cell reaction at 25 ºC will be

= 0. 76 − 0. 02955 (log 10)

= 0. 76 − 0. 02955 (1)