Hand Sanitizer

April 1st, 2020 (Version 1)

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Content

▪ Biocide: Percent by mass (weight) w/w and Percent by volume v/v

▪ Hand Sanitizer formulations with
▪ Luviset® 360
▪ Cosmedia® Ultragel 300
▪ Cosmedia® Triple C
▪ Rheocare® TTA
▪ Salcare® SC 81 UP
▪ Rheocare® HSP 1180
▪ Neutralization of polymers
▪ Mechanism
▪ Comparison of neutralizing agents for high ethanol content gels
▪ List of polymers with insufficient ethanol compatibility

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Biocide: Percent by mass (weight) w/w and Percent by volume v/v
Table 1:
Volume versus mass percent
The alcohol content of a formulation can be expressed Concentration
as a percentage by volume or mass (weight). As Biocide Percent by volume v/v Percent by mass w/w
alcohols have a lower density than water, this leads to [ml/100ml] [g/100g]
different numerical values with respect to Ethanol 70 62.4
concentration. It is therefore important to distinguish Ethanol 80 73.5
between the two as it can otherwise lead to Ethanol 90 85.4
misunderstandings on the composition of a given Isopropanol 70 63.1
product. Table 1 gives an overview of commonly used Isopropanol 80 73.5
alcohols and concentrations expressed by volume or n-Propanol 60 53.9
weight percent and their corresponding numerical n-Propanol 70 63.5
values.
Calculation from % by volume to % by mass for selected alcohol concentrations by Kramer et al.*
*https://www.rki.de/DE/Content/Infekt/EpidBull/Archiv/2016/Ausgaben/17_16.pdf?__blob=publicationFile

For further Information please look: WHO Guidelines on Hand Hygiene

Information: our formulations are given as percent by mass (weight)!

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Hand Sanitizer with Luviset® 360
SC-DE-20-42-14 Prototype – stability test ongoing
Specifications Phase Ingredients INCI % by weight Function
Appearance:
A Water, demin. Aqua 15.55
from almost clear to
slightly bluish Ethanol absolut pH.Eur. Alcohol 46.00 Biocide

pH value (23°C): Isopropanol Isopropyl Alcohol 27.00 Biocide

8.2 Luviset® 360 Acrylates Copolymer 7.00 Rheology modifier

Glycerin Glycerin 3.00 Humectant

pH value (10%; 23°C):
Perfume Cotton Touch (Symrise) Parfum 0.30 Fragrance
7.0
D-Panthenol Care Panthenol 0.50 Plasticizer

Viscosity: Edeta® BD Disodium EDTA 0.05 Complexing agent

(Brookfield; RVF; AMP Ultra PC 2000 (Angus Chemie) Aminomethyl Propanol 0.60 Neutralizing agent
spindle 5; 10 rpm; 23°C):
4000 mPa*s
Cold process:
1. Add all ingredients and stir until a homogeneous gel is formed.

Storage test (5°C, RT, 40°C) – ongoing!

Additional information: Flammable liquid. Label accordingly!

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Hand Sanitizer with Luviset® 360
SC-DE-20-42-15 Prototype – stability test ongoing
Specifications Phase Ingredients INCI % by weight Function
Appearance:
A Water, demin. Aqua 18.55
from almost clear to
slightly bluish Ethanol absolut pH.Eur. Alcohol 70.00 Biocide

pH value (23°C): Luviset® 360 Acrylates Copolymer 7.00 Rheology modifier

8.2 Glycerin Glycerin 3.00 Humectant

Perfume Cotton Touch (Symrise) Parfum 0.30 Fragrance

pH value (10%; 23°C):
D-Panthenol Care Panthenol 0.50 Plasticizer
7.1
Edeta® BD Disodium EDTA 0.05 Complexing agent

Viscosity: AMP Ultra PC 2000 (Angus Chemie) Aminomethyl Propanol 0.60 Neutralizing agent
(Brookfield; RVF;
spindle 5; 10 rpm; 23°C):
5600 mPa*s Cold process:
1. Add all ingredients and stir until a homogeneous gel is formed.

Storage test (5°C, RT, 40°C) – ongoing!

Additional information: Flammable liquid. Label accordingly!

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Hand Sanitizer with Cosmedia® Ultragel 300
SC-DE-20-043-4 Prototype – stability test ongoing
Specifications Phase Ingredients INCI % by weight Function
Appearance:
A Water, demin. Aqua 33.00
clear colourless gel
Glycerin Glycerin 3.00 Humectant
pH value (23°C):
~ 4.5 B Cosmedia® Ultragel 300 Polyquaterium-37 1.00 Rheology modifier

C Ethanol absolut pH.Eur. Alcohol 63.00 Biocide

pH value (10%; 23°C):

~ 4.2
Cold process:
1. Mix phase A and add phase B while stirring.
2. Slowly add phase C while stirring.

Viscosity:
(Brookfield; RVF; Storage test (-5°C, RT, 40°C) – ongoing!
spindle 5; 10 rpm; 23°C):
~ 25000 mPa*s

Additional information: Flammable liquid. Label accordingly!

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Hand Sanitizer with Cosmedia® Triple C
SC-DE-09-266-1
Specifications Phase Ingredients INCI % by weight Function
Appearance:
A Water, demin. Aqua 32.90
opaque gel
Glycerin Glycerin 3.00 Humectant
pH value (23°C):
5.0 - 5.5 Ethanol absolut pH.Eur. Alcohol 62.00 Biocide

Cosmedia® Triple C Polyquaterium-37, Dicaprylyl Carbonate, Lauryl 2.00 Rheology modifier

B
Glucoside

C Potassium Hydroxide (10% solultion) Potassium Hydroxide 0.10 pH Adjustment

Viscosity: D Perfume Parfum q.s. Fragrance
(Brookfield; RVF;
spindle 4; 10 rpm; 23°C):
6000 - 6500 mPa*s
Cold process:
1. Mix phase A at room temperature and add phase B while stirring.
2. Stir until a homogenous gel is built.
3. Adjust the pH with phase C.
4. At the end add phase D.

Additional information: Flammable liquid. Label accordingly!

Additional information: Light and fresh hand gel with a caring effect on the skin.

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Hand Sanitizer with Cosmedia® Triple C
SC-DE/09/266/2
Specifications Phase Ingredients INCI % by weight Function
Appearance:
A Water, demin. Aqua 32.50
opaque whitish gel
Glycerin Glycerin 3.00 Humectant
pH value (23°C):
5.0 - 5.5 Ethanol absolut pH.Eur. Alcohol 62.00 Biocide

Cosmedia® Triple C Polyquaterium-37, Dicaprylyl Carbonate, Lauryl 2.00 Rheology modifier

B
Glucoside

C Euperlan® PCO Styrene/Acrylates Copolymer, Coco-Glucoside 0.50 pH Adjustment

Viscosity: Perfume. Parfum q.s. Fragrance
(Brookfield; RVF;
spindle 4; 10 rpm; 23°C):
6000 mPa*s
Cold process:
1. Mix phase A at room temperature and add phase B while stirring.
2. Stir until a homogenous gel is built.
3. Add phase C one after another.
4. If necessary adjust the pH to pH 5.0 -5.5.

Additional information: Flammable liquid. Label accordingly!

Additional information: Light and fresh hand gel with a caring effect on the skin.

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Hand Sanitizer with Rheocare® TTA
SC-DE-20-043-16 Prototype – stability test ongoing
Specifications Phase Ingredients INCI % by weight Function
Appearance:
A Water, demin. Aqua 26.00
translucent, blue-ish
liquid Glycerin Glycerin 3.00 Humectant

pH value (23°C): B Rheocare® TTA Acrylates Copolymer 8.00 Rheology modifier

~ 7.0 C Potassium Hydroxide (20% solultion) Potassium Hydroxide q.s. pH Adjustment

D Ethanol absolut pH.Eur. Alcohol 63.00 Biocide

pH value (10%; 23°C):
5.5

Cold process:
1. Mix phase A and add phase B while stirring.
Viscosity: 2. Adjust pH to pH 7.0 by using phase C.
(Brookfield; RVF; 3. Slowly add phase D while stirring.
spindle 5; 10 rpm; 23°C):
~ 2000 mPa*s
Storage test (-5°C, RT, 40°C) – ongoing!

Additional information: Flammable liquid. Label accordingly!

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Hand Sanitizer with Rheocare® TTA
SC-DE-20-043-17 Prototype – stability test ongoing
Specifications Phase Ingredients INCI % by weight Function
Appearance:
A Water, demin. Aqua 19.00
translucent, blue-ish
liquid Glycerin Glycerin 3.00 Humectant

pH value (23°C): B Rheocare® TTA Acrylates Copolymer 8.00 Rheology modifier

~ 7.2 C Potassium Hydroxide (20% solultion) Potassium Hydroxide q.s. pH Adjustment

D Ethanol absolut pH.Eur. Alcohol 70.00 Biocide

pH value (10%; 23°C):
6.0

Cold process:
1. Mix phase A and add phase B while stirring.
Viscosity: 2. Adjust pH to pH 7.0 by using phase C.
(Brookfield; RVF; 3. Slowly add phase D while stirring.
spindle 5; 10 rpm; 23°C):
~ 1600 mPa*s
Storage test (-5°C, RT, 40°C) – ongoing!

Additional information: Flammable liquid. Label accordingly!

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Hand Sanitizer with Salcare® SC 81 UP
SC-DE-20-043-27 Prototype – stability test ongoing
Specifications Phase Ingredients INCI % by weight Function
Appearance:
A Water, demin. Aqua 26.00
clear, colourless
Glycerin Glycerin 3.00 Humectant
pH value (23°C):
7.3 B Salcare® SC81 UP Acrylates Copolymer 8.00 Rheology modifier

C Potassium Hydroxide (20% solultion) Potassium Hydroxide q.s. pH Adjustment

pH value (10%; 23°C): D Ethanol absolut pH.Eur. Alcohol 63.00 Biocide

6.1

Cold process:
Viscosity:
1. Mix phase A and add phase B while stirring.
(Brookfield; RVF; 2. Adjust pH to pH> 7.0 by using phase C.
spindle 5; 10 rpm; 23°C): 3. Slowly add phase D while stirring.
~ 9000 mPa*s

Storage test (-5°C, RT, 40°C) – ongoing!

Additional information: Flammable liquid. Label accordingly!

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Hand Sanitizer with Salcare® SC 81 UP
SC-DE-20-043-28 Prototype – stability test ongoing
Specifications Phase Ingredients INCI % by weight Function
Appearance:
A Water, demin. Aqua 19.00
clear, colourless
Glycerin Glycerin 3.00 Humectant
pH value (23°C):
7.6 B Salcare® SC 81 UP Acrylates Copolymer 8.00 Rheology modifier

C Potassium Hydroxide (20% solultion) Potassium Hydroxide q.s. pH Adjustment

pH value (10%; 23°C): D Ethanol absolut pH.Eur. Alcohol 70.00 Biocide

6.3

Cold process:
Viscosity:
1. Mix phase A and add phase B while stirring.
(Brookfield; RVF; 2. Adjust pH to pH> 7.0 by using phase C
spindle 5; 10 rpm; 23°C): 3. Slowly add phase D while stirring.
~ 6000 mPa*s

Storage test (-5°C, RT, 40°C) – ongoing!

Additional information: Flammable liquid. Label accordingly!

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Hand Sanitizer with Rheocare® HSP 1180
SC-DE-20-043-2 Prototype – stability test ongoing
Specifications Phase Ingredients INCI % by weight Function
Appearance:
A Glycerin Glycerin 3.00 Humectant
clear, colourless gel
Ethanol absolut pH.Eur. Alcohol 63.00 Biocide
pH value (23°C):
6.7 Rheocare® HSP 1180 Polyacrylamidomethylpropane 34.00 Rheology modifier
Sulfonic Acid

B AMP Ultra PC 2000 (Angus Chemie) Aminomethyl Propanol q.s.* pH Adjustment

pH value (10%; 23°C):
7.4 Cold process:
1. Mix phase A until a homogenous gel is formed.
2. Neutralize using phase B (~ pH 4.5 - 7.5).

Viscosity: *Amount of AMP can be calculated:

(Brookfield; RVF; Quantity of AMP [%] = weight of polymer [%/1000] * acid value of polymer * degree of neutralization [100%] * 1.59 [factor for AMP] / 0.95 [active matter of AMP]
spindle 5; 10 rpm; 23°C):
~ 6000 mPa*s Storage test (-5°C, RT, 40°C) – ongoing!

Attention: Rheocare® HSP 1180 is acidic and before pH adjustment the formulation could have a ~ pH 1.0!!

Attention: pH adjustment is neither possible with Potassium Hydroxide nor with Sodium Hydroxide.

Attention: Higher amounts of AMP Ultra PC 2000 (~2.0%) could be needed for pH adjustment.
Additional information: Very sticky during application – more unpleasant than other polymers e.g. Cosmedia® Ultragel 300, Rheocare® TTA, Salcare® SC 81 UP…
Additional information: Flammable liquid. Label accordingly!

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Hand Sanitizer with Rheocare® HSP 1180
SC-DE-20-043-3 Prototype – stability test ongoing
Specifications Phase Ingredients INCI % by weight Function
Appearance:
A Glycerin Glycerin 3.00 Humectant
clear, colourless gel
Ethanol absolut pH.Eur. Alcohol 70.00 Biocide
pH value (23°C):
5.9 Rheocare® HSP 1180 Polyacrylamidomethylpropane 27.00 Rheology modifier
Sulfonic Acid

B AMP Ultra PC 2000 (Angus Chemie) Aminomethyl Propanol q.s.* pH Adjustment

pH value (10%; 23°C):
4.5 Cold process:
1. Mix phase A until a homogenous gel is formed.
2. Neutralize with phase B (~ pH 4.5 - 7.5).

Viscosity: *Amount of AMP can be calculated:

(Brookfield; RVF; Quantity of AMP [%] = weight of polymer [%/1000] * acid value of polymer * degree of neutralization [100%] * 1.59 [factor for AMP] / 0.95 [active matter of AMP]
spindle 5; 10 rpm; 23°C):
~ 3000 mPa*s Storage test (-5°C, RT, 40°C) – ongoing!

Attention: Rheocare® HSP 1180 is acidic and before pH adjustment the formulation could have a ~ pH 1.0!!

Attention: pH adjustment is neither possible with Potassium Hydroxide nor with Sodium Hydroxide.

Attention: Higher amounts of AMP Ultra PC 2000 (~2.0%) could be needed for pH adjustment.
Additional information: Very sticky during application – more unpleasant than other polymers e.g. Cosmedia® Ultragel 300, Rheocare® TTA, Salcare® SC 81 UP…
Additional information: Flammable liquid. Label accordingly!

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Neutralization / alkaline swellable polymers - mechanism

▪ Polymers that undergo the AS mechanism are ionic, e.g. polyacrylates COO- -
COO -
COO
▪ When the polymer is dissolved in water, the carboxylic acid groups are COO+-
Na+ - +
Na COO Na- OH-
protonated and the polymer molecule is neutral COO--- COO
COO - +
Na ++
COO COO COOH
- -
COO
COO+ NaNaNa+
Na ++ ++Na COOH
▪ The addition of an alkaline neutralizer, e. g. NaOH, activates thickening -
OOC
Na Na+ COO--
Na
Na COO -
COO---
COO
COO -
- OH
COO - - +
+ +Na +
COO +
OH- ++ Na NaNa
▪ Carboxylic acid groups are deprotonated resulting in negatively charged OH
COO Na
Na -- COO
Na
-- ---
- COO
COOH
COO COO
+ COO
carboxylates – this leads to swelling of the polymer via charge repulsion OH
-
OH +COOH
Na -OOC
- ---
OOC
OOC
OOC
OOC
Na COO
COO
COO
Na
Na
++Na
Na
Na+Na
- ++
+ -
OHOH-
++ + HOOC
Na
+ Na -
NaNa Na-+ Na Na++ COO--- ++
COO
▪ Cations (e. g. Na+) enter the intermolecular space, resulting in osmotic OH+ COOH COOH
COO
COO
COO
COO
-
---- COO
COO
COOH
COOH
Na
Na +
----OOC NaNa+++
Na
++ COO OOC
-
swelling. Na+ OH ++- +
Na
Na HOOC OOC
OOC Na
Na+
Na
OH
Na Na +HOOC
- - - Na
+
+ - Na
- -OOC OH
OOC
OOC -
Na+
Na
Na COO --- - HOOCOOC
OOC
Na+COO COO COOH
COO HOOC
COOH - Na
+
+ +
OH
Na Na ++
OH +Na
- Na
OHNa

— covalent bonds

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Neutralization
Luviset® Cosmedia® Cosmedia® Rheocare® Salcare® Rheocare®
360 Ultragel 300 Triple C TTA SC 81 UP HSP 1180
NaOH/ */●
KOH ● * (turbidity inherent to ✓ ✓ ×
raw material)

AMP ✓ * * - - ✓
TEA ✓ * * - - -
Neutrol TE ✓ * * - - -

✓ clear formulation / ● turbid / × does not work / - not tested / * no neutralisation required, only pH adjustment

Amount of neutralizing agent can be calculated (rough estimation) for Luviset ® 360 and Rheocare® HSP 1180.

example: Quantity of AMP [%] = weight of polymer [%/1000] * acid value of polymer * degree of neutralization [100%] * 1.59 [factor for AMP] / 0.95 [active matter of AMP]

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Overview tested polymers with weak ethanol compatibility
No ethanol tolerance > 60% / thickening effect is not given for:

▪ Cosmedia® ACE (Sodium Polyacrylate, Dicaprylyl Carbonate,

Polygylceryl-3 Caprate) ▪ Luviskol® VA 37 (VP/VA Copolymer)

▪ Cosmedia® SP (Sodium Polyacrylate) ▪ Luviskol® VA 73 (VP/VA Copolymer)

▪ Dehyquart® Guar TC (Guar Hydroxypropyltrimonium Chloride) ▪ Luviskol® VA 64 W (VP/VA Copolymer)

▪ Hispagel® 200 (Glycerin, Glyceryl Polyacrylate) ▪ Luviskol® VA 64 Powder (VP/VA Copolymer)

▪ Hydagen® 558 P (Alginate) ▪ Rheocare® XGN (Xanthan Gum)

▪ Luvigel® EM (Caprylic/Capric Triglyceride, Sodium Acrylates ▪ Salcare® SC 80 (Steareth-10 Alyl Ether/Acrylates
Copolymer) Copolymer)
▪ Luvigel® FIT UP (Acrylates/C10-C30 Alkyl Methacrylate ▪ Salcare® SC 91 (Sodium Acrylates Copolymer,
Copolymer) Paraffinum Liquidum, PPG-1 Trideceth-6
▪ Luviskol® K 30 Powder (PVP) ▪ Tinovis® GTC UP (Acrylates/Beheneth-25 Methyacrylate
▪ Luviskol® K 30 Super Solution (PVP) Copolymer)

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Screening of selected polymers with 80% Ethanol

▪ Cosmedia® Triple C: separation

▪ Cosmedia® Ultragel 300: directly after preparation looking okay, but after a few days storage at -5°C the product is
thin (like water)

▪ Rheocare® TTA: with 10% Rheocare® TTA 2000mPas and opaque/white - looking okay directly after preparation
and after a few days

▪ Salcare® SC 81 UP: thickening effect is not given

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