Downloaded from SAE International by Columbia Univ, Tuesday, April 14, 2020

REV.
A
AEROSPACE ® AS5780
STANDARD Issued 2000-09
Revised 2005-10

Superseding AS5780

(R) Specification for Aero and Aero-Derived

Gas Turbine Engine Lubricants

1. SCOPE:

This specification defines basic physical, chemical, and performance limits for 5 cSt grades
of gas turbine engine lubricating oils used in aero and aero-derived marine and industrial
applications, along with standard test methods and requirements for laboratories performing
them. It also defines the quality control requirements to assure batch conformance and
materials traceability, and the procedures to manage and communicate changes in oil
formulation and brand. This specification invokes the Performance Review Institute (PRI)
product qualification process. Requests for submittal information may be made to the PRI at
the address in Appendix C, referencing this specification. Products qualified to this
specification are listed on a Qualified Products List (QPL) managed by the PRI. Additional
tests and evaluations may be required by individual equipment builders before an oil is
approved for use in their equipment. Approval and/or certification for use of a specific gas
turbine oil in aero and aero-derived marine and industrial applications is the responsibility of
the individual equipment builders and/or governmental authorities and is not implied by
compliance with or qualification to this specification.

2. REFERENCES:

2.1 Applicable Documents:

The publications referred to in this specification are listed in Appendix C, Section C.1.
Reference in this specification to any related document means the edition and all
amendments current at the date of use of that document. In the event of a conflict
between the text of this document and references cited herein, the text of this document
takes precedence.

2.2 Other Applicable References:

Other applicable references are listed in Appendix C, Section C.2 for information purposes
only.

SAE Technical Standards Board Rules provide that: “This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sciences. The use of this report is
entirely voluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement arising therefrom, is the sole responsibility of the user.”
SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be reaffirmed, revised, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and suggestions.
Copyright © 2005 SAE International
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying,
recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of SAE.
TO PLACE A DOCUMENT ORDER: Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada)
Tel: 724-776-4970 (outside USA)
Fax: 724-776-0790
Email: [email protected]
SAE WEB ADDRESS: http://www.sae.org
 Downloaded from SAE International by Columbia Univ, Tuesday, April 14, 2020

SAE AS5780 Revision A

2.3 Definitions:

STANDARD PERFORMANCE CAPABILITY CLASS (SPC): Lubricant intended for less

demanding service.

HIGH PERFORMANCE CAPABILITY CLASS (HPC): Lubricant intended for more

demanding service in which engine operating conditions and/or service durations require
higher thermal capability.

BATCH: The volume of basestock, additive or finished lubricant receiving final certification
analysis and testing.

PERFORMANCE REVIEW INSTITUTE (PRI): An SAE affiliate with the objectives of

providing global, unbiased, independent manufacturing process and product assessments
and certification services.

QUALIFIED PRODUCTS GROUP (QPG): A mandated body designated by the PRI

Qualified Product Management Council (QPMC) in accordance with PRI PD2000. This
body is responsible for assessing whether a manufacturer's products comply with the
relevant standards. The Mandated Body is known as a Qualified Products Group (QPG)
and is composed of members from the Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEMs) and
Government Agencies. The QPMC has mandated a QPG for Aerospace Gas Turbine Oils.

QUALIFIED PRODUCTS LIST (QPL): A list of products qualified by the QPG to this
specification and issued by the PRI.

QUALIFICATION REFERENCE NUMBER (QRN): A unique reference number assigned

by the QPG to each formulation qualified to this specification.

3. COMPOSITION:

The composition of gas turbine oils used in aero and aero-derived marine and industrial
applications shall be based on polyol ester base-stock chemistry. Other base-stock
chemistries may be considered for qualification at the discretion of the QPG.

Additives containing barium or organic compounds of titanium are prohibited. If a tricresyl

phosphate (TCP) additive is used, the TCP additive shall not contain more than 0.2% by
weight of ortho cresol containing isomers of tricresyl phosphate.

All chemical ingredients contained in aviation turbine lubricants must comply with all legal,
environmental, toxicological and regulatory requirements of the countries in which the
products are manufactured and sold. A Materials Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) or other
equivalent document shall be available to cover these regulatory requirements.

-2-
 Downloaded from SAE International by Columbia Univ, Tuesday, April 14, 2020

SAE AS5780 Revision A

4. TESTS REQUIREMENTS:

The test requirements in this section are a mandatory requirement for the initial qualification
of turbine engine oils to this specification. These requirements are primarily aimed at civil
aero and aero-derived marine and industrial applications, but that does not preclude their
use for military applications where considered desirable. All tests must be conducted by
laboratories approved for the purpose in accordance with Section 5. The tests are grouped
into the following property categories:

• Physical Properties
• Chemical Properties
• Stability Properties
• Deposition Properties
• Tribological Properties

TABLE 1 - Physical Properties

Property Test Method Limits

SPC and HPC
Viscosity, mm2/s @:
100 °C ASTM D 445 or IP71 4.9 to 5.4
40 °C ASTM D 445 or IP71 23.0 min.
-40 °C ASTM D 445 or IP71 13,000 max.

Viscosity Stability, 72 hours @ -40 °C, % Change ASTM D 2532 6 max.

Pour Point, °C ASTM D 97/IP15 -54 max.

Flash Point, °C ASTM D 92/IP36 246 min.

Evaporation, 6.5 hours @ 204 °C, wt % ASTM D 972 10 max.

Foaming Tendency, Sequence I, II, III, mL ASTM D 892/IP146 25/0 max. (1)

Shear Stability, % Viscosity change @ 40 °C ASTM D 2603 (2) 4 max.

NOTES:

1. Volume after aeration/Volume after 1 minute settling.

2. ASTM D 2603 should be conducted with the following modifications:

Calibrate the instrument to achieve 11.5% ± 0.5% viscosity loss to a 30 ml sample of ASTM
Reference Fluid A when irradiated for 5 minutes. Using the same power setting, irradiate a 30 ml
sample of the turbine lubricant for 30 minutes.

-3-
 Downloaded from SAE International by Columbia Univ, Tuesday, April 14, 2020

SAE AS5780 Revision A

TABLE 2 - Chemical Properties

Property Test Method Limits

SPC HPC
TAN, mg KOH/g ARP5088 1.0 max. 1.0 max.

FED-STD-791, Method
Sediment/Ash, mg/L 3010 Sed: 10 max. Sed: 10 max.
Ash: 1 max. (1) Ash: 1 max. (1)
No undissolved No undissolved
water water

FED STAN 791, Method

Lubricant Compatibility: 3403 Mod (2) / Def Stan
Sediment, mg/L 05-50 (Part 61) Method 10 max. 10 max.
Turbidity 24 None None

Elastomer Compatibility,
AMS 3217/4, 72 hours at FED-STD-791, Method 5 min. 5 min.
204 °C, % swell 3604 25 max. 25 max.

Elastomer Compatibility,
% weight change after
24/120 hours:
Fluorocarbon @ 200 °C 10/15 max. 11/15 max.
LCS Fluorocarbon @ 200 °C 10/20 max. 12/20 max.
Nitrile @ 130 °C Report Report
Silicone @ 175 °C Def Stan 05-50 (Part 61) Report Report
Perfluoroelastomer @ 200 °C Method 22 N/A Report

-4-
 Downloaded from SAE International by Columbia Univ, Tuesday, April 14, 2020

SAE AS5780 Revision A

TABLE 2 (Continued)

Property Test Method Limits

SPC HPC
Trace Metals, mg/L See Note (3) Al, 2 max. Al, 2 max.
Fe, 2 max. Fe, 2 max.
Cr, 2 max. Cr, 2 max.
Ag, 1 max. Ag, 1 max.
Cu, 1 max. Cu, 1 max.
Sn, 4 max. Sn, 4 max.
Mg, 2 max. Mg, 2 max.
Ni, 2 max. Ni, 2 max.
Ti, 2 max. Ti, 2 max.
Si, 10 max. Si, 10 max.
Pb, 2 max. Pb, 2 max.
Mo, 3 max. Mo, 3 max.
Zn, 2 max. Zn, 2 max.

NOTES:

1. If the total sediment does not exceed 1 mg/L, the ash content requirement shall be waived.

2. Per 4.4.1 of MIL-PRF-23699F.

3. The trace metal content of the oil shall be determined by a facility which meets the
requirements of Section 5 of this specification. Appropriate spectrometric calibration
standards, covering the concentration ranges of interest should be utilized.

-5-
 Downloaded from SAE International by Columbia Univ, Tuesday, April 14, 2020

SAE AS5780 Revision A

TABLE 3 - Stability Properties

Property Test Method Limits

SPC HPC
Oxidation & Corrosion
Stability, FED-STD-791, Method 5308
72 hours @ 175 °C mod (1)
Viscosity Change, % -5 to +15 0 to +10
TAN Change, mg KOH/g 2.0 max. 1.0 max.
Sediment, mg/100 mL 50 max. 25 max.
2
Metal Wt. Change, mg/cm
Steel ±0.2 ±0.2
Silver ±0.2 ±0.2
Aluminum ±0.2 ±0.2
Magnesium ±0.2 ±0.2
Copper ±0.4 ±0.4

Oxidation & Corrosion

Stability, FED-STD-791, Method 5308
72 hours @ 204 °C mod (1)
Viscosity Change, % -5 to +25 0 to +22.5
TAN Change, mg KOH/g 3.0 max. 2.0 max.
Sediment, mg/100 mL 50 max. 25 max.
2
Metal Wt. Change, mg/cm
Steel ±0.2 ±0.2
Silver ±0.2 ±0.2
Aluminum ±0.2 ±0.2
Magnesium ±0.2 ±0.2
Copper ±0.4 ±0.4

Oxidation & Corrosion

Stability, FED-STD-791, Method 5308
72 hours @ 218 °C mod (1)
Viscosity Change, % Report Report
TAN Change, mg KOH/g Report Report
Sediment, mg/100 mL 50 max. 25 max.
2
Metal Wt. Change, mg/cm
Steel ±0.2 ±0.2
Silver ±0.2 ±0.2
Aluminum ±0.2 ±0.2
Titanium
(two test pieces) ±0.2 ±0.2

-6-
 Downloaded from SAE International by Columbia Univ, Tuesday, April 14, 2020

SAE AS5780 Revision A

TABLE 3 (Continued)

Property Test Method Limits

SPC HPC
Thermal Stability & Corrosivity,
96 hours @ 274 °C FED-STD-791, Method 3411
Viscosity Change, % ±5.0 max. ±5.0 max.
TAN Change, mg KOH/g 6.0 max. 6.0 max.
2
Metal Wt. Change, mg/cm ±4.0 max. ±4.0 max.

Def Stan 05-50 (Part 61)

Oxidative Stability Method 9
Temperature Parameters
@ 192 hours
E temperature, °C 185 min. 190 min.
A Temperature, °C 190 min. 190 min.
V Temperature, °C 185 min. 190 min.
B Temperature, °C Report 205 min.
Z Temperature, °C Report 210 min.

Effective Life @ 200 °C

Volatilization loss, hours 90 min. N/A
Acidity increase, hours 100 min. N/A
Viscosity increase, hours 60 min. N/A
Insolubles increase, hours 225 min. N/A

Effective Life @ 250 °C

Volatilization loss, hours 3 min. 4.9 min.
Acidity increase, hours 0.5 min. 1.4 min.
Viscosity increase, hours 1.0 min. 1.9 min.
Insolubles increase, hours 20 min. 22 min.

1. The FED-STD-791, Method 5308 procedure shall be modified as stated in Appendix B.

-7-
 Downloaded from SAE International by Columbia Univ, Tuesday, April 14, 2020

SAE AS5780 Revision A

TABLE 4 - Deposition Properties

Property Test Method Limits

SPC HPC
Fed Std 791 Method 3410,
ERDCO Bearing Rig, severity 1.5 (1)
Demerits 80 max. 40 max.
Deposits, g 3.0 max. 1.5 max.
Oil Consumption, ml 2000 max. 4000 max.
Viscosity @ 40 °C -5 min. 0 min.
Increase, % 30 max. 35 max.
TAN Increase, mg KOH/g 2.0 max. 2.0 max.

HLPS Dynamic Coking @

375 °C ARP5996
@ 20 hours, Deposit, mg Report 0.4 max.
@ 40 hours, Deposit, mg N/A 0.6 max.

1. Test duration is 100 hours for SPC oils and 200 hours for HPC oils.

TABLE 5 - Tribological Properties

Property Test Method Limits

SPC and HPC
Load Carrying Capability FED-STD-791, Method 6508 (1) See Note 2

Load Carrying Capability, Load

Stage AIR4978 Appendix E, WAM 15 min.

1. Standard reference oil may be obtained from: Fuels and Lubricants Division, Attn: J. T.
Shimski, Bldg. 2360, Naval Warfare Center Aircraft Division, 22229 Elmer Road, Unit 4,
Patuxent River, MD 20670.

2. The average of six determinations for each class of the oil shall not be less than 102% of the
reference oil (Hercolube A) when tested in accordance with FED-STD791, Method 6508,
“Load Carrying Ability of Lubricating Oils (Ryder Gear Machine)”. All six determinations shall
be made on the same machine. The reference oil average rating used to obtain the relative
ratings shall also be reported.

-8-
 Downloaded from SAE International by Columbia Univ, Tuesday, April 14, 2020

SAE AS5780 Revision A

5. LABORATORIES:

The laboratories used to generate data in order to show compliance with this specification
may belong to the supplier, the user or an independent organization. However, all
laboratories used to conduct tests under this specification must be approved under an
accreditation scheme as required by PRI Program Document 2104.

6. QUALITY CONTROL:

The following tests shall be conducted on each batch of turbine oil prior to packaging and
shipping. The batch number and AS5780 qualification reference number (QRN) shall be
displayed on all certificates of analysis. A batch that fails to pass any of the requirements of
this section shall be deemed not to comply with the requirements of AS5780. That batch
shall not therefore be marked or delivered as compliant with AS5780.

Immediate notification to the PRI is mandatory where any recall of finished product is
deemed necessary. This must include the name and contact information of the person(s)
with whom the PRI can communicate pertinent details and verification. It also needs to
reference the Specification number (AS5780) and the Qualification Reference Number
(QRN) as well as the affected batch number(s). A description of the nature and the
magnitude of the problem, list of the users thought to be affected and potential
consequences to the user would be desirable.

-9-
 Downloaded from SAE International by Columbia Univ, Tuesday, April 14, 2020

SAE AS5780 Revision A

TABLE 6 - Quality Control Specifications

Property Test Method Limits

SPC and HPC
Viscosity, mm2/s @:
-40 °C ASTM D 445/IP71 13,000 max.
40 °C ASTM D 445/IP71 23.0 min.

Pour Point, °C ASTM D 97/IP15 -54 max.

Flash Point, °C ASTM D 92/IP36 246 min.

T.A.N., mgKOH/g ARP5088 1.0 max

Foaming Tendency, Sequence

I, II, III, mL ASTM D 892/IP146 25/0 max. (1)
Thermal Stability & Corrosivity, FED-STD-791, Method
96 hours @ 274 °C 3411
Viscosity Change, % ±5.0 max.
TAN Change, mg KOH/g 6.0 max.
Metal Wt. Change, mg/cm2 ±4.0 max.

FED-STD-791, Method
Sediment, mg/L 3010 10 max.

Oxidation & Corrosion Stability, FED-STD-791, Method

72 hours @ 204 °C 5308 mod (2) Per Table 3

Trace Metals Per Table 2

SPC HPC
HLPS Dynamic Coking,
20 hours @ 375 °C, mg ARP5996 (3) Report 0.6 max.

NOTES:

1. Volume after aeration/Volume after 1 minute settling.

2. The FED-STD-791, Method 5308 procedure shall be modified as stated in Appendix B.
3. Alternative tests may be acceptable at the discretion of the QPG.

- 10 -
 Downloaded from SAE International by Columbia Univ, Tuesday, April 14, 2020

SAE AS5780 Revision A

7. MANUFACTURING TOLERANCES:

Turbine engine oils for aero and aero-derived marine and industrial applications are to be
manufactured, blended, handled, and packaged in a manner that assures consistent
composition, performance and quality.

Additives shall be of the same composition and manufactured at the same plants and by the
same methods as those used in the qualified formulation. Additive treat rates for each
manufactured batch shall not vary from those specified in Table 7.

TABLE 7 - Additive Batch Concentration Tolerances

Nominal Composition of the Range as Percentage of the

Approved Material, %wt Nominal Value
>2 ± 5
<2 ±10
<0.1 ±20

Basestocks shall be of the same composition and manufactured at the same plants and by
the same methods as those used in the qualified formulation. Incidental cross contamination
by neopentyl polyol esters other than those used in the original qualification, but suitable by
nature and quality for use in aviation turbine oil applications, shall not exceed 1.0% by
weight.

Finished Turbine engine oils shall be of the same composition and manufactured at the
same plants and by the same methods as those used in the qualified formulation.

8. TRACEABILITY:

All basestocks and additives used in the manufacture of each batch of turbine engine oil
must have specifications suitable to assure their consistency and fitness for use, and be
traceable to the specific batch numbers used by their manufacturer. Basestock and additive
data, including the manufacturer’s name, batch number, and specification analyses, must be
maintained by the turbine engine oil manufacturer for a period not less than 5 years from the
date of manufacture of the turbine engine lubricant made therefrom.

All finished batches of turbine engine oils must be traceable to the specific batch numbers
used by their manufacturer. Turbine engine oil data, including the QRN, manufacturer’s
name, batch number, specification analyses, and a representative sample of not less than
one case (24 x U.S. quart cans or equivalent volume), must be maintained by the turbine
engine oil manufacturer for a period not less than three years from the date of manufacture
of the turbine engine lubricant. Certificates of analysis for finished batches of oil shall show
the relevant QRN.

- 11 -
 Downloaded from SAE International by Columbia Univ, Tuesday, April 14, 2020

SAE AS5780 Revision A

8. (Continued):

Brand names under which turbine engine oils will be sold to users must be traceable to their
formulations and qualification data through their QRNs. Qualification data for specific brand
names shall be retained for a period of not less than five years after the retirement of the
brand name. When a single brand name is used for multiple oil formulations, each
formulation shall have a unique QRN. Analysis certificates must clearly show the
appropriate QRN for the formulation used and the batch number of the product. All product
containers shall show the batch number of the product.

9. QUALIFICATION:

Turbine engine oils satisfying all of the requirements of this specification may be qualified by
the Qualified Product Group (QPG) and listed by brand name and QRN on a Qualified
Products List (QPL). Qualification testing, review of test results, and recertification of
qualification for QPL listing shall be in accordance with PRI documents PD2000, PD2001,
PD2104 and the instructions from the PRI. Such qualification indicates only that the
formulations satisfy this specification and does not imply suitability or approval for use in any
applications. The QPG shall provide copies of the current Qualified Products List via the
PRI web site assigned to the QPG. Certification Type Approvals will be required by
equipment builders and government regulatory authorities before an oil may be used in civil
aviation applications. In addition, equipment builders may require flight evaluations or
controlled service use prior to granting approval for use in their equipment.

Development and manufacturing organizations submitting products for PRI qualification

under this specification must comply with the quality system requirements for manufacturing
organizations as stated in PD2104.

The QPG reserves the right to sample representative qualified oils from the field on an
annual basis and analyze them to determine if any changes have occurred in composition or
performance since qualification. Oil samples which demonstrate material change in
composition or fail any requirements contained within this specification are subject to
investigation by the QPG and can result in removal from the QPL and may be subjected to
warranty and liability claims.

Recertification of qualification is required every 5 years. Recertification consists of a letter

certifying that there have been no changes in the material ingredients, manufacturing
processes or site of production since qualification and that the product meets all of the
requirements of this specification.

NOTE: The responsible agency for the QPL is the Performance Review Institute,
161 Thornhill Road, Warrendale PA 15086-7527, Phone 724-772-1616,
Fax 724-772-1699, website address www.pri.sae.org.

- 12 -
 Downloaded from SAE International by Columbia Univ, Tuesday, April 14, 2020

SAE AS5780 Revision A

10. CHANGE MANAGEMENT:

The turbine engine oil manufacturer shall seek written commitment from the suppliers of the
basestocks and additives that no changes in the manufacturing location, methods or
procedures used to make the basestocks and/or additives, nor in the specifications to which
the basestocks and/or additives are supplied, shall be made without prior written agreement
of the turbine oil manufacturer.

Any changes related to turbine engine oils qualified under this specification shall require
written notification to the QPG before the changed oil may be used in applications requiring
AS5780 qualification. Examples of changes requiring notification are:

a. Changes in the oil formulation.

b. Changes in the composition of the basestocks.

c. Changes in the composition of the additives.

d. Changes in the source of first tier suppliers and/or manufacturing plant location for the
basestocks, additives, or finished oil. Oil manufacturers shall demonstrate equivalent
controls over second tier raw material suppliers.

e. Changes in the manufacturing process.

f. Changes in the brand name under which a formulation is marketed (including rebrands).

g. Business changes such as mergers, acquisitions by other companies, plant closings,

and discontinuation of products.

Oils so changed shall be subject to full or partial requalification at the discretion of the QPG.
The procedures governing this process shall be defined in PRI document PD2104.

11. NOTES:

11.1 The change bar ( l ) located in the left margin is for the convenience of the user in locating
areas where technical revisions, not editorial changes, have been made to the previous
issue of this document. An (R) symbol to the left of the document title indicates a
complete revision of the document.

PREPARED BY
SAE COMMITTEE E-34, PROPULSION LUBRICANTS

- 13 -
 Downloaded from SAE International by Columbia Univ, Tuesday, April 14, 2020

SAE AS5780 Revision A

APPENDIX A
REPORT ITEMS

A.1 This appendix lists tests that do not have associated specification limits at this time. The
tests in Table A1 shall still be performed and the data submitted to the QPG as required
for AS5780 qualification. The two main aims of this are; to provide performance data
which is considered of significance by some engine OEMs; and to enable data on these
tests to be accumulated so that appropriate specification limits can be proposed in the
future. Where a report item forms part of a larger test matrix where limits are applied to
other parameters, then this has been left in the main body of the specification. For
instance a report requirement for TAN change in FTM 791 5308 where limits are applied
to the accompanying metal weight changes.

A.2 Where considered appropriate, guidance limits have been provided in the third column of
Table A1. The guidance is based on current knowledge and is intended to assist the oil
formulator in meeting OEM engine approval criteria that may be required once the
lubricant has achieved AS5780 qualification. The guidance limits shall not be used
as criteria for assessing the suitability of the lubricant for AS5780 qualification
while the test remains in this appendix.

TABLE A1 - Tests Requiring Only “Report”

Property Test Method Guidance

SPC HPC
Acid Assay, Mole % FED-STD-791, Method
3500 (1)
Viscosity, mm2/s @ 200 °C ASTM D 341
Viscosity Index ASTM D 2270 (2)
Pressure - Viscosity Coefficient Wedeven Method
Density @ 15 °C, kg/m3 ASTM D 4052
Specific Heat joules/kg °C (3) ASTM D 2766 or
E 1269
Thermal Conductivity Holometrix (4)
Electrical Conductivity ASTM D 2624
Elastomer Compatibility, Snecma Method
Fluorocarbon, 1800 hours at:
100 °C, % swell 20 max. 20 max.
120 °C, %swell 20 max. 20 max.
140 °C No shrinkage (5) No shrinkage (5)
160 °C No shrinkage (5) No shrinkage (5)
Hydrolytic Stability @ 90 °C Def Stan 05-50
(Part 61), Method 6
Vapor Phase Coking @ 371 °C, ARP5921 (Draft) (6)
Deposit, mg 200 max.
High Temperature Deposition, Alcor HTDT
Deposit, mg 1.0 max.

- 14 -
 Downloaded from SAE International by Columbia Univ, Tuesday, April 14, 2020

SAE AS5780 Revision A

TABLE A1 (Continued)

Severe wear AIR4978 Appendix B, 38 min. 38 min.

Ball load @ 1.5 mm WSD, kg ALTE severe wear
procedure
Mild wear AIR4978 Appendix B, 1.30 max. 1.30 max.
WSD @ 20 kg ball load, mm ALTE mild wear
procedure

Thermal Ageing, 550 hours at Turbomeca method

150 °C and 180 °C (7)
Anti-oxidant content, %:
150 °C Report 50 min.
180 °C Report 15 min.
Density change, %
150 °C Report 0.5 max.
180 °C Report 1.0 max.
Viscosity @ 40 °C change, %
150 °C 10 max. 5 max.
180 °C 25 max. 15 max.
Viscosity @ 100 °C,
change, % 8 max. 4 max.
150 °C 15 max. 10 max.
180 °C
Acidity change, mg KOH/g
150 °C 8 max. 2 max.
180 °C 15 max. 5 max.
Flash point change, °C
150 °C 70 max. 25 max.
180 °C 85 max. 50 max.
Sediment, mg/100 ml
150 °C Report 2 max.
180 °C Report 4 max.

Thermal Ageing, 72 hours at Turbomeca method

225 °C
Acidity change, mg KOH/g N/A 20 max.
Flash point change, °C N/A 100 max.
Particulate generation @ Pressurized bomb 120 max. 120 max.
125 psig, 329.5 °C (625 °F), test method
18 hours, mg

- 15 -
 Downloaded from SAE International by Columbia Univ, Tuesday, April 14, 2020

SAE AS5780 Revision A

1. Alternate methods may be applicable but FED-STD-791, Method 3500, shall be used as the
reference method.

2. ASTM D 2270 may be used to determine the slope within the normal temperature range to
175 °C.

3. The method used shall be reported with the test results. Specific heat shall be determined at
15, 40, 100, 150 and 200 °C.

4. Alternative methods may be used provided the method used is also reported.

5. Determinations of % swell are conducted periodically throughout the test. The term, “no
shrinkage”, shall be taken as meaning no reduction in the % swell of the test pieces as the
test progresses.

6. New equipment is being commissioned. A round robin will be conducted prior to setting
limits for this test.

7. Each of the degradation parameters should also be determined and reported after test
durations of 150, 330, and 750 hours.

- 16 -
 Downloaded from SAE International by Columbia Univ, Tuesday, April 14, 2020

SAE AS5780 Revision A

APPENDIX B
CORROSIVENESS AND OXIDATION STABILITY

B.1 The corrosion and oxidation stability test shall be performed in accordance with
FED-STD-791, Method 5308, “Corrosiveness and Oxidation Stability of Light Oils (Metal
Squares),” with the following modifications:

B.1.1 Three separate tests, each conducted for 72 hours, shall be conducted with bath
temperatures of 175 °C ± 2.5 °C, 204 °C ± 2.5 °C and 218 °C ± 2.5 °C.

B.1.2 A liquid-medium or fluidized sand bath heating apparatus may be used in place of an
aluminum block heater.

B.1.3 An electrolytic-grade, silver test square shall be substituted for the cadmium plated
steel test square. In the 218 °C test, substitute titanium conforming to AMS-T-9046,
type 1, composition C in place of the copper and magnesium. Stainless steel or nickel-
chrome wire may be used to tie the metal coupons together at all test conditions. The
weight loss for titanium shall be reported as the average of the two squares. The
condenser water temperature shall be maintained at 18 °C ± 2.5 °C.

B.1.4 The total acid number shall be determined in accordance with ARP5088.

B.2 The post-test sludge content shall be determined as follows:

B.2.1 Decant oil from the test tube through a pre-weighed 10.0 micron polytetrafluoro-
ethylene (Teflon) filter (Militec LCWP 047-00 or equivalent) and measure filtrate
volume.

B.2.2 Set filtrate aside for viscosity and acid number tests.

B.2.3 Remove all sludge from the test equipment with a rubber policeman, wash the
equipment and filtered sludge with petroleum ether, oven dry the sludge sample, weigh
and calculate the sludge weight per 100 ml of oil.

B.2.4 Do not add the petroleum ether washings to the oil filtrate used for viscosity and acid
number. Petroleum ether with a boiling range of 30 to 60 °C, n-heptane shall be used
in place of 1,1,1-trichloroethane (O-T-620).

- 17 -
 Downloaded from SAE International by Columbia Univ, Tuesday, April 14, 2020

SAE AS5780 Revision A

APPENDIX C
REFERENCES

C.1 APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS:

The following documents and publications are referred to in this specification. Methods
issued by other standardization bodies that are equivalent to the methods listed in Table
A are shown in brackets. However, the status of method equivalence should be checked
before using anything other than the primary method. Unless otherwise stated, the most
recent version of the method shall be used.

TABLE C1 - Applicable Documents

Designation Title
ASTM Annual Book of ASTM Standards Section 5, Petroleum Products,
Lubricants, and Fossil Fuels
IP Energy Institute - Standard Methods for Analysis and Testing of
Petroleum and Related Products
ISO International Organization for Standardization - International
Standards on Petroleum Products
ASTM D 97 Determination of Pour Point
(IP 15, ISO 3016,)
ASTM D 92 Determination of Open Flash and Fire Point - Cleveland Method
(IP 36, ISO 2592)
ASTM D 445 Determination of Kinematic Viscosity and Calculation of Dynamic
(IP 71, ISO 3104, Viscosity
BS 2000:Part 71)
ASTM D 892 Determination of Foaming Characteristics of Lubricating Oils
(IP 146)
ASTM D 972 Evaporation Loss of Lubricating Greases and Oils
ASTM D 2270 Calculation of Viscosity Index from Kinematic Viscosity
(IP226, ISO 2909)
ASTM D 2532 Standard Test Method for Viscosity and Viscosity Change After
Standing at Low Temperature of Aircraft Turbine Lubricants
ASTM D 2603 Test Method for Sonic Shear Stability of Polymer-containing
Oils
ASTM D 2624 Electrical Conductivity of Aviation and Distillate Fuels
(IP 274, ISO 6297)
ASTM D 2766 Specific Heat of Liquids and Solids
ASTM D 4052 Determination of Density - Oscillating U-Tube Method
(IP 365, ISO 12185)
ASTM E 1269 Specific Heat Capacity by Differential Scanning Calorimetry
ISO 4259 Method for Determination and Application of Precision Data in
(IP 367) Relation to Methods of Test for Petroleum Products

- 18 -
 Downloaded from SAE International by Columbia Univ, Tuesday, April 14, 2020

SAE AS5780 Revision A

TABLE C1 (Continued)

Def Stan 05-50 Methods for Testing Fuels, Lubricants, and Associated Products
(Part 61) Methods for Testing Gas Turbine Engine Synthetic Lubricants
Method 6 Hydrolytic Stability
Designation Title
Method 9 Resistance to Oxidation
Method 22 Assessment of the Compatibility of Gas Turbine Lubricants with
Elastomers
Method 24 Assessment of the Compatibility of Mixtures of Gas Turbine
Lubricating Oils

Fed. Test Method Std Federal Test Method Standard

No. 791 Lubricants, Liquid Fuels, and Related Products; Methods of Testing
FED-STD-791 No. 3010 Solid Particle Contamination in Aircraft Turbine Engine Lubricants
(Gravimetric Procedure)
FED-STD-791 No. 3403 Compatibility of Turbine Lubricating Oils
FED-STD-791 No. 3410 High Temperature Deposit and Oil Degradation Characteristics of
Aviation Turbine Oils
FED-STD-791 No. 3500 Monobasic Acid Components of Synthetic Ester Lubricants by Gas
Chromatography
FED-STD-791 No. 3604 Swelling of Synthetic Rubber by Aircraft Turbine Lubricants
FED-STD-791 No. 3411 Thermal Stability and Corrosivity of Aircraft Turbine Engine
Lubricants
FED-STD-791 No. 5308 Corrosiveness and Oxidation Stability of Light Oils (Metal Squares)

PRI Performance Review Institute

PD2000 Governance and Administration of an Industry Managed Product
Qualification Program
PD2104 Aerospace Quality Assurance, Product Standards, Qualification
Procedure, Gas Turbine Oils

SAE Society of Automotive Engineers Standards and Practices

AIR4978 Temporary Methods for Assessing the Load Carrying Capacity of
Aircraft Propulsion Systems
ARP5088 Test Method for the Determination of Total Acidity in Polyol Ester
and Diester Gas Turbine Lubricants by Automatic Potentiometric
Titration
ARP5921 (Draft) U.S. Navy Vapour Phase Coking Test
ARP5996 Evaluation of Coking Propensity of Aviation Lubricants by the Hot
Liquid Process Simulator (HLPS) Single Phase Flow Technique

US DoD U.S. Department of Defense

MIL-PRF-23699 Lubricating Oil, Aircraft Turbine Engine, Synthetic Base, 21 May
1997

- 19 -
 Downloaded from SAE International by Columbia Univ, Tuesday, April 14, 2020

SAE AS5780 Revision A

TABLE C1 (Continued)

Undesignated
Pressure Bomb Test Pratt & Whitney Pressurized Bomb Test Method
Designation Title
HTDT Alcor High Temperature Deposition Tester (HTDT)
Holometrix Holometrix Method for Thermal Conductivity
Wedeven Method Pressure - Viscosity Coefficient

TABLE C2 -Addresses for Obtaining Documents

ORGANIZATION/STANDARD ADDRESS/SOURCE
ASTM ASTM
100 Barr Harbor Drive
West Conshohocken
PA 19428-2959
USA
www.astm.com
British Standards (BS) and ISO British Standards Institution
Sales Department
389 Chiswick High Street
LONDON W4 4AL
Defence Standards (Def Stan) Ministry of Defense
Directorate of Standardization
Kentigern House
65 Brown Street
GLASGOW G2 8EX
www.dstan.mod.uk
Federal Test Method Standards and Standardization Documents Order Desk
US DoD Specifications Bldg. 4D, 700 Robins Avenue
Philadelphia
PA 19111-5094
USA
Holometrix www.ngb.netzsch.com
IP Energy Institute
61 New Cavendish Street
LONDON
W1G 7AR
UK
www.energyinst.org.uk
International Organization for Standardization ISO Central Secretariat:
(ISO) International Organization for Standardization (
1, rue de Varembé, Case postale 56
CH-1211 Geneva 20, Switzerland
www.iso.org

- 20 -
 Downloaded from SAE International by Columbia Univ, Tuesday, April 14, 2020

SAE AS5780 Revision A

TABLE C2 (Continued)

Performance Review Institute (PRI) Performance Review Institute

161 Thorn Hill Road
Warrendale
PA 15086-7527
USA
www.pri.sae.org
Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) SAE World Headquarters
400 Commonwealth Drive
Warrendale
PA 15096-0001
USA
www.sae.org

C.2 OTHER APPLICABLE REFERENCES:

The following documents and publications are provided for information purposes only:

TABLE C3 - Other Applicable References

Designation Title
DCSEA 299/A, Huile Synthetique Pour Turbomachines D’aviation Type 5 mm2/s à
14 April 2003 100°C, Direction Centrale Service des Essences des Armées
(DCSEA).
Def Stan 91-101/Issue Lubricating Oil Gas Turbine Engine, Synthetic Grade 5 cSt, JSD
3, Amdt 1, 30 August OX-27, UK Ministry of Defence
2002
PWA521(Type II, 5 cSt), Lubricant, Aircraft Turbine Engine, Synthetic Base, June 9, 1966,
Pratt and Whitney

- 21 -