Create assignment, 18042, Homework 6, Aug 03 at 12:35 pm 1

This print-out should have 10 questions.

Multiple-choice questions may continue on 70 N
the next column or page – find all choices 20◦
before answering. The due time is Central 15 kg
time.
µ = 0.1
Batman on the Rope
07:01, calculus, numeric, > 1 min, normal. Find the work done by the 70 N force.
001 Correct answer: 328.892 J.
Batman, whose mass is 80 kg, is holding on Explanation:
to the free end of a 12 m rope, the other Consider the force diagram
end of which is fixed to a tree limb above. n
He is able to get the rope in motion as only
Batman knows how, eventually getting it to F
θ
swing enough that he can reach a ledge when
the rope makes a 60◦ angle with the vertical. fk
The acceleration of gravity is 9.8 m/s2 .
How much work was done against the force
of gravity in this maneuver?
Correct answer: 4704 J. mg
Explanation: ~ · ~s, where ~s is the distance
Work is W = F
The work done is given by the expression,
traveled. In this problem ~s = 5ı̂ is only in the
x direction.
W = m g ∆y .

The change in height, ∆y, is ⇒ W A = F x sx

= F sx cos θ
∆y = ` − ` cos θ . = (70 N) (5 m) cos 20◦
= 328.892 J .
Thus

W = m g (` − ` cos θ) 003
Find the work done by the force of friction.
= m g ` (1 − cos θ)
Correct answer: −61.5293 J.
= (80 kg) (9.8 m/s2 ) Explanation:
× (12 m) (1 − cos 60◦ ) To find the frictional force, Ff riction = µ N ,
= 4704 J . we need to find N from vertical force balance.
Note that N is in the same direction as the
y component of F and opposite the force of
gravity. Thus
Dragging a Block 01
07:01, calculus, numeric, > 1 min, normal.
F sin θ + N = m g
002
A 15 kg block is dragged over a rough, hor- so that
izontal surface by a constant force of 70 N
N = m g − F sin θ .
acting at an angle of 20◦ above the horizontal.
The block is displaced 5 m, and the coefficient Thus the friction force is
of kinetic friction is 0.1.
The acceleration of gravity is 9.8 m/s2 . ~ f riction = −µ N ı̂ = −µ (m g − F sin θ)ı̂ .
F
 Create assignment, 18042, Homework 6, Aug 03 at 12:35 pm 2

The work done by friction is then Solution:

~ f riction · ~s = −|Ff | |s|
WB = F 1
∆M E = − m v 2
= −µ (m g − F sin θ) sx 2
= −(0.1) [(15 kg) (9.8 m/s2 ) 1
= − (70 kg) (4 m/s)2
− (70 N) sin 20◦ ] (5 m) 2
= −560 J .
= −61.5293 J .

004 006
If the block was originally at rest, determine b) How far does he slide?
its final speed. Correct answer: 1.16499 m.
Correct answer: 5.97063 m/s. Explanation:
Explanation: Basic Concepts:
The net work done on the block is equal to
the change in kinetic energy, so Wf riction = ∆M E
1
m v 2 − 0 = W A + WB Wf riction = Fk d cos θ = −Fk d ,
2
r since θ = 180◦ ⇒ cos θ = −1 .
2 [WA + WB ]
v= Fk = µk Fn = µk m g .
s m
2 (328.892 J−61.5293 J) Given:
=
15 kg
= 5.97063 m/s . µk = 0.70
g = 9.81 m/s2 .
Holt SF 05Rev 47 Solution:
07:04, highSchool, numeric, > 1 min, wording-
variable. ∆M E = −µk m g d
005
A 70.0 kg base runner begins his slide into
second base while moving at a speed of 4.0
m/s. The coefficient of friction between his ∆M E
clothes and Earth is 0.70. He slides so that d=
−µk m g
his speed is zero just as he reaches the base. −560 J
The acceleration of gravity is 9.81 m/s2 . =
−0.7 (70 kg) (9.81 m/s2 )
a) How much mechanical energy is lost due = 1.16499 m .
to friction acting on the runner?
Correct answer: −560 J.
Explanation:
Holt SF 05C 02
Basic Concept:
07:04, highSchool, numeric, > 1 min, wording-
1 variable.
∆M E = KEf − KEi = − m vi 2 ,
2 007
3
since vf = 0 m/s. A 2.0 × 10 kg car accelerates from rest under
Given: the action of two forces. One is a forward
force of 1140 N provided by traction between
m = 70.0 kg the wheels and the road. The other is a 950 N
vi = 4.0 m/s . resistive force due to various frictional forces.
 Create assignment, 18042, Homework 6, Aug 03 at 12:35 pm 3

How far must the car travel for its speed to since vf = 0 m/s.
reach 2.0 m/s?
Correct answer: 21.0526 m. Wnet = Fnet d cos θ 0 = −Fnet d
Explanation:
Basic Concepts: since θ 0 = 180◦ ⇒ cos θ 0 = −1.
1
Wnet = ∆K = Kf − Ki = mvf2 Fnet = mg sin θ + Fk
2
1 Fk = µk Fn = µk mg cos θ
since vi = 0 m/s ⇒ Ki = mvi2 = 0 J.
2
Given:
Fnet = F1 − F2
vi = 4.0 m/s
Wnet = Fnet d cos θ = Fnet d
θ = 25◦
since θ = 0◦ ⇒ cos θ = 1.
m = 20.0 kg
Given:
µk = 0.20
m = 2.0 × 103 kg g = 9.81 m/s2
F1 = 1140 N
F2 = 950 N Solution:
vf = 2.0 m/s
Solution: Fnet = mg sin θ + µk mg cos θ
1 = mg(sin θ + µk cos θ)
(F1 − F2 ) d = mvf2
2 = (20 kg)(9.81 m/s2 )
mvf2 · [sin 25◦ + (0.2) cos 25◦ ]
d=
2(F1 − F2 ) = 118.481 N
(2000 kg)(2 m/s)2
d= Thus
2(1140 N − 950 N)
= 21.0526 m 1
− mvi2 = −Fnet d
2
Holt SF 05Rev 22 mvi2
d=
07:04, highSchool, numeric, > 1 min, wording- 2Fnet
variable. (20 kg)(4 m/s)2
008 =
2(118.481 N)
In a circus performance, a monkey on a sled = 1.35042 m
is given an initial speed of 4.0 m/s up a 25◦
incline. The combined mass of the monkey
and the sled is 20.0 kg, and the coefficient Holt SF 05Rev 40
of kinetic friction between the sled and the 08:04, highSchool, numeric, > 1 min, wording-
incline is 0.20. variable.
The acceleration of gravity is 9.81 m/s2 . 009
How far up the incline does the sled move? An 80.0 N box of clothes is pulled 20.0 m up
Correct answer: 1.35042 m. a 30.0◦ ramp by a force of 115 N that points
Explanation: along the ramp.
Basic Concepts: The acceleration of gravity is 9.81 m/s2 .
1 If the coefficient of kinetic friction between
Wnet = ∆K = Kf − Ki = − mvi 2 the box and ramp is 0.22, calculate the change
2
 Create assignment, 18042, Homework 6, Aug 03 at 12:35 pm 4

in the box’s kinetic energy. Explanation:

Correct answer: 1195.16 J. Basic Concepts:
Explanation: The egg’s kinetic energy at the pad’s surface
Basic Concepts: equals the gravitational potential energy as-
sociated with the egg at the window.
Wnet = ∆KE
KEi = P E
Wnet = Fnet d cos θ 0 = Fnet d
since θ 0 = 0 ⇒ cos θ 0 = 1. The egg’s deceleration by the pad causes it to
travel a distance ∆x ≤ d in a time interval
Fg,d = Fg sin θ ∆t.

Fk = µk Fn = µk Fg cos θ 1 1
∆x = (vi + vf )∆t = vi ∆t
2 2
Given:
since vf = 0 m/s.
Fg = 80.0 N
1
d = 20.0 m KE = mv 2
2
Fapplied = 115 N
µk = 0.22 P Eg = mgh
g = 9.81 m/s2 Given:
θ = 30.0◦
m = 56.0 g
Solution: h = 12.0 m
d = 5.00 cm
∆KE = Fnet d
∆t = 6.25 ms
= (Fapplied − Fk − Fg,d ) d
g = 9.81 m/s2
= (Fapplied − µk Fg cos θ − Fg sin θ)d
= [115 N − (0.22)(80 N) cos 30 ◦ Solution:
− (80 N) sin 30 ◦ ](20 m) 1 2
mv = mgh
= 1195.16 J 2 i
r
2mgh p
Holt SF 05Rev 56 vi = = 2gh
m
08:04, highSchool, numeric, > 1 min, wording-
variable.
010 1
∆x = vi ∆t
An egg is dropped from a third-floor win- 2
dow and lands on a foam-rubber pad without 1p
= 2gh ∆t
breaking. 2q
The acceleration of gravity is 9.81 m/s2 . 1
= 2(9.81 m/s2 )(12 m)
If a 56.0 g egg falls 12.0 m from rest and the 2
5.00 cm thick foam pad stops it in 6.25 ms, · (0.00625 s)
by how much is the pad compressed? Assume = 0.0479502 m
constant upward acceleration as the egg com-
presses the foam-rubber pad. (Assume that
the potential energy that the egg gains while
the pad is being compressed is negligible.)
Correct answer: 0.0479502 m.