Exercícios de Derivadas e Limites
Exercícios de Derivadas e Limites
Exercícios de Derivadas e Limites
Engenharia Elétrica
Luiz Fernando Schmidt
1
Parte 1 – Determine as Derivadas
y=(x 2+5)3+3x
2 2
y ' =(3( x +5) +3)⋅2x
dy
dy dy du
= → y= f (u)=u 3+3x → =3u 2+3 → 2 2
dx du dx du y '=2x⋅3( x +5) +3
du 2
y ' =6x (x +5) +3
2
u=g ( x)=(x 2+5)→ =2x
dx
B) f ( x )=√ (x −3)3
3
y=( x −3) 2 dy dy du
= ⋅
dx du dx
3 1
3 →
y= f (u)=u → y '= u 2
2
1
2
= u ⋅1 = √ u = √
dy 3 2 3 3 x−3
dx 2 2 2
u= f ( g)= x −3 → u ' =1
C) f (x )=√ 3x +5x−10
2
dy dy du
= ⋅
dx du dx
1
y=(3x 2+5x−10) 2 dy 1 −
1
= ( 3x 2+5x−10) 2 ⋅(6x+5)
dx 2
1 1
1 − →
y = f (u)=u → y ' = u 2
2
2 dy 1 6x+5
=
dx 2 √ 3x 2+5x−10
u=g ( x)=(3x 2+5x−10) → u ' =(6x+5)
dy 6x+5
=
dx 2 √ 3x 2+5x−10
sen ( x )
D) f (x )=
2x 3+3
d d
2x3+3⋅ sen( x) − sen( x)⋅ 2x 3+3
Regra do Quociente : dy dx dx
=
dx 3
( 2x +3) 2
→
g ( x)⋅ f ' (x ) − f ( x)⋅ g ' ( x)
h'= 2 3 2
g (x) dy ( 2x +3) cos( x) − 6x sen (x )
=
dx ( 2x3+3)2
2
E) f ( x )=(−2x 4+3x2−1)⋅(3x 2−5)3
2 2 5 3
=(3x −5) (−60x +112x −48x)
2x 3+4
F) f (x )=
x 2−4x+1
Regra do Quociente :
d d
x 2−4x+1⋅ 2x 3+4 − 2x 3+4⋅ x 2−4x+1
dy dx dx
=
dx 2
( x −4x+1) 2
4 3 2 4 3
dy (6x −24x +6x ) − (4x −8x +8x−16)
=
dx ( x 2−4x+1)2
3
4
G)
(
f (x )
2x+1
3x−2 )
3
y ' = f ' (u )=4u 3 = 4 ( 2x+1
3x−2 )
4
dy dy du
= ⋅
dx du dx
→ y= (
2x+1
3x−2 ) → u=g (x)= ( 2x+1
3x−2 )
→
g ( x) f ' (x )− f ( x ) g ' ( x)
u'=
g 2 (x )
3
dy du
⋅ =4
du dx
2x+1
3x−2
⋅( −7
( 3x−2)2 )
3
dy du 4( 2x+1) −7
⋅ = ⋅
du dx (3x−2) (3x−2)2
3
3
dy du −28(2x+1)
⋅ =
du dx (3x−2)5
3
H) f (x )=
( 2x−1
3x 2+ x−2 )
dy dy du
= ⋅
dx du dx
dy 2
=3u
du
2
dy
dx
=3
(2x−1
3x 2+x−2 )( −6x 2+6x−3
3x 2+x−22 )
2 2
dy 3 (1−2x) ⋅−3(2x −2x+1)
=
dx (3x 2+ x−2) 4
2 2
dy −9(1−2x) (2x −2x+1)
=
dx (3x 2+ x−2) 4
4
−5x
I) y=e
y ' =u ' e u
=−5xe−5x
=−5 e−5x
2
J) y=e x −3x
y '=u ' e u
2
2 x −3x
y ' =( x −3x) e
2
=(2x−3) e x −3x
Parte 2
Unidade 1 - Exercício 6 – Função 1° Grau
A)
TF= R$ 4000,00
CP=50x
fc=TF +50x
fc( x)=4000+50x
B)
fc (0)=4000+50⋅0=4000
fc(10)=4000+50⋅10=4500
fc(20)=4000+50⋅20=5000
fc(30)=4000+50⋅30=5500
fc(40)=4000+50⋅40=6000
5
eixo x=quantidade
eixo y=custo
C)
fc (15)=4000+50⋅15
fc (15)=4000+750
fc (15)=4750
O valor de x para o lucro máximo pode ser verificado calculando o vértice x da parábola
b −100
Xv=− → = 50 = preço R $ 50,00
( 2a) −2
Alternativa ( D)
6
Unidade 1 - Exercíco 4 – Exponencial
N (t )=768⋅4t+ 1
98304=768⋅4t+1
98304
4t+1=
768
(2 2)t+1=27
2t+2=7
2t=5
5
t= =2,5=2h30m
2
Alternativa (a )
P (t)=40−20cos ( π − π )
12t 4
180 180
P (12)=40−20cos ( − )
12⋅12 4
P (12)=40−20cos (−43,75)
P (12)=25,55 MW
lim 6x 2
x →1
lim 6⋅12=6
x →1
Alternativa (b)
2 5 1
x ( 2− + 2 )
2
2x −5x+1 x x 2 1
lim 2
→ lim → lim =
x →−∞ 4x +3x−7 x →−∞ 2 3 7 4 2
x ( 4+ − 2 ) x →−∞
x x
Alternativa( c)
7
Unidade 2 – Página 47 – Exercício 5
Para tempo acima de t=2, Δ t=( t+h)−t =h
1 1
Δ y= −
(1+t+h) (1+t )
1 1 1 1 3−(3+h)
− −
Δ y (1+t+h) (1+t) (3+h) (3) 3(3+h) h 1 h 1
= = = = ⋅ = =
Δt h h h (9+9h) h h(9+9h) 9+9h
1 1
lim = m/ s Alternativa( a)
h→0 9+9h 9
1 2
h( x)= 2
= x−2 → h ' ( x)=−2x−2−1 =−2x−3 =− 3
x x
dy d 2 d 2
= ( 2x−3)( x −5x)+ (x −5x)(2x−3)
dx dx dx
2
= 2( x −5x)+(2x−5)( 2x−3)
= 2x 2−10x+4x 2−6x−10x+15
= 6x 2−26x+15, Altenativa(a)
8
Unidade 3 – Página 29 – Exercício 6
Alternativa (a) de fora ; de dentro ; de fora
y=cos (x 2+2x−1)−3sen (x )
x (t)=7,8+9,2 t−2,1t 3
x ' (t)=9,2−6,3 t 2
x ' (1)=9,2−6,3⋅12
x ' (1)=2,9
Alternativa(a)2,9 m/ s
x '=9,2−6,3 t 2
12x 2−24x=0
Os pontos críticos :
y ' 4x3−12x2 = x 2 ( 4x−12) x 2−2x=0
A derivada segunda é :
0
y ' =4x3−12x2 x 2= =x1=0
( 4x−12) x (x−2)=0
y ' ' =12x 2−24x 0 12
(4x−12)= 2 → x = = x2=3
x 4 0
x1= =0
( x−2)
0
(x−2)= =x2=2
x