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    Transmission and Reception of Radio Waves: Modulation Sidebands Noise Broadcasting

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    Randy Peroso
    Transmission and Reception of Radio Waves Radio waves carry information-encoded signals from a transmitter to a receiver. The information can be encoded directly onto the carrier wave or by modulating its amplitude or frequency. Amplitude modulation and frequency modulation are the most common modulation types used in radio broadcasting, with FM providing higher fidelity sound. Both analog and digital transmission systems can be used to transmit radio signals. Receivers use antennas to intercept radio waves and convert them back to electrical signals that are amplified and demodulated to extract the encoded information and convert it into sound or images.

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    Transmission and Reception of Radio Waves: Modulation Sidebands Noise Broadcasting

    Uploaded by

    Randy Peroso
    31 views1 page
    Transmission and Reception of Radio Waves Radio waves carry information-encoded signals from a transmitter to a receiver. The information can be encoded directly onto the carrier wave or by modulating its amplitude or frequency. Amplitude modulation and frequency modulation are the most common modulation types used in radio broadcasting, with FM providing higher fidelity sound. Both analog and digital transmission systems can be used to transmit radio signals. Receivers use antennas to intercept radio waves and convert them back to electrical signals that are amplified and demodulated to extract the encoded information and convert it into sound or images.

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    Transmission and Reception of Radio Waves Radio waves carry information-encoded signals from a transmitter to a receiver. The information can be encoded directly onto the carrier wave or by modulating its amplitude or frequency. Amplitude modulation and frequency modulation are the most common modulation types used in radio broadcasting, with FM providing higher fidelity sound. Both analog and digital transmission systems can be used to transmit radio signals. Receivers use antennas to intercept radio waves and convert them back to electrical signals that are amplified and demodulated to extract the encoded information and convert it into sound or images.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    31 views1 page

    Transmission and Reception of Radio Waves: Modulation Sidebands Noise Broadcasting

    Uploaded by

    Randy Peroso
    Transmission and Reception of Radio Waves Radio waves carry information-encoded signals from a transmitter to a receiver. The information can be encoded directly onto the carrier wave or by modulating its amplitude or frequency. Amplitude modulation and frequency modulation are the most common modulation types used in radio broadcasting, with FM providing higher fidelity sound. Both analog and digital transmission systems can be used to transmit radio signals. Receivers use antennas to intercept radio waves and convert them back to electrical signals that are amplified and demodulated to extract the encoded information and convert it into sound or images.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 1

     Transmission and Reception of Radio

    Waves

    For the propagation and interception of radio waves, a transmitter and receiver are employed. A
    radio wave acts as a carrier of information-bearing signals; the information may be encoded
    directly on the wave by periodically interrupting its transmission (as in dot-and-dash telegraphy)
    or impressed on it by a process called modulation . The actual information in a modulated signal
    is contained in its sidebands , or frequencies added to the carrier wave, rather than in the carrier
    wave itself. The two most common types of modulation used in radio are amplitude modulation
    (AM) and frequency modulation (FM). Frequency modulation minimizes noise and provides
    greater fidelity than amplitude modulation, which is the older method of broadcasting . Both AM
    and FM are analog transmission systems, that is, they process sounds into continuously varying
    patterns of electrical signals which resemble sound waves. Digital radio uses a transmission
    system in which the signals propagate as discrete voltage pulses, that is, as patterns of numbers;
    before transmission, an analog audio signal is converted into a digital signal, which may be
    transmitted in the AM or FM frequency range. A digital radio broadcast offers compact-disc-
    quality reception and reproduction on the FM band and FM-quality reception and reproduction
    on the AM band.
    In its most common form, radio is used for the transmission of sounds (voice and music) and
    pictures (television). The sounds and images are converted into electrical signals by a
    microphone (sounds) or video camera (images), amplified, and used to modulate a carrier wave
    that has been generated by an oscillator circuit in a transmitter. The modulated carrier is also
    amplified, then applied to an antenna that converts the electrical signals to electromagnetic
    waves for radiation into space. Such waves radiate at the speed of light and are transmitted not
    only by line of sight but also by deflection from the ionosphere .
    Receiving antennas intercept part of this radiation, change it back to the form of electrical
    signals, and feed it to a receiver. The most efficient and most common circuit for radio-
    frequency selection and amplification used in radio receivers is the superheterodyne. In that
    system, incoming signals are mixed with a signal from a local oscillator to produce intermediate
    frequencies (IF) that are equal to the arithmetical sum and difference of the incoming and local
    frequencies. One of those frequencies is applied to an amplifier. Because the IF amplifier
    operates at a single frequency, namely the intermediate frequency, it can be built for optimum
    selectivity and gain. The tuning control on a radio receiver adjusts the local oscillator frequency.
    If the incoming signals are above the threshold of sensitivity of the receiver and if the receiver is
    tuned to the frequency of the signal, it will amplify the signal and feed it to circuits that
    demodulate it, i.e., separate the signal wave itself from the carrier wave.
    There are certain differences between AM and FM receivers. In an AM transmission the carrier
    wave is constant in frequency and varies in amplitude (strength) according to the sounds present
    at the microphone; in FM the carrier is constant in amplitude and varies in frequency. Because
    the noise that affects radio signals is partly, but not completely, manifested in amplitude
    variations, wideband FM receivers are inherently less sensitive to noise. In an FM receiver, the
    limiter and discriminator stages are circuits that respond solely to changes in frequency. The
    other stages of the FM receiver are similar to those of the AM receiver but require more care in
    design and assembly to make full use of FM's advantages. FM is also used in television sound
    systems. In both radio and television receivers, once the basic signals have been separated
    from the carrier wave they are fed to a loudspeaker or a display device (usually a
    cathode-ray tube), where they are converted into sound and visual images,
    respectively.

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