GR No. 188708, July 31, 2013 People vs. Macabando Facts

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GR No.

188708, July 31, 2013

People Vs. Macabando

Facts:

Appellant broke bottles on the road holding G.I. pipe, and shouted that he wanted
to get even. Afterwards, he uttered that he would burn his house. At 6:35 pm, Cornelio
saw smoke coming from appellant’s house. He got a pail of water, and poured its
contents into the fire. Eric Quilantang, a neighbor, ran to the barangay headquarters to
get a fire extinguisher. When Eric approached the burning house, the appellant, who
was carrying a traveling bag and a gun, told him not to interfere; the appellant then fired
3 shots in the air. The appellant also told the people around that whoever would put out
the fire would be killed.

Appellant’s Defense: He admitted that he felt angry because one of his radio
cassettes for sale had been stolen. He denied making a threat to burn his house and
maintained that he did not own a gun. He added that the gunshots came from the
explosion of firecrackers that he intended to use during the New Year celebration.

The prosecution charged the appellant with the crime of destructive arson under
Article 320 of the RPC. The RTC found him guilty. The CA affirmed.

Issue:

Is the accused guilty of the crime Destructive Arson?

Ruling:

No, the accused is not of guilty of destructive Arson.

Article 320 contemplates the malicious burning of structures, both public and
private, hotels, buildings, edifices, trains, vessels, aircraft, factories and other military,
government or commercial establishments by any person or group of persons. On the
other hand, P.D. No. 1613 contemplates the malicious burning of public and private
structures, regardless of size, not included in Article 320 of the RPC, as amended by
Republic Act No. 7659.. The elements of simple arson under Section 3(2) of P.D. No.
1613 are: (a) there is intentional burning; and (b) what is intentionally burned is an
inhabited house or dwelling. Both these elements have been proven.

In the present case, The Information alleged that the appellant set fire to his own
house, and that the fire spread to other inhabited houses. These allegations were
established during trial through the testimonies of the prosecution witnesses which the
trial and appellate courts found credible and convincing, and through the report of the
Bureau of Fire Protection which stated that damaged houses were residential, and that
the fire had been intentional.

Hence, the accused can be charged of Arson under PD 1613

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