Photovoltaic Model Based On Data Sheet Values Using PDF
Photovoltaic Model Based On Data Sheet Values Using PDF
Photovoltaic Model Based On Data Sheet Values Using PDF
Abstract—We develop an energy management system, The value of is generally high and is therefore often
which also takes into account regenerative generation plants neglected [3], [4], [5]. Some authors neglect the series due
such as photovoltaic or hydroelectric power plants. This paper to its small value [6], [7] and sometimes both resistors are
discusses and describes a single-diode photovoltaic module, neglected [8]. In this paper, the possibility of Matlab
which isneeded for the development of a hybrid power system
and its energy management system. The photovoltaic model is
providing robust solvers for systems of non linear equations
based on five parameters from the datasheet. The equivalent is used. Only three equations are needed which leads to very
circuit diagram, the equations used and the necessary low computational load. The proposed model is able to
parameters from the datasheet of the photovoltaic modules to match the MPP given in the datasheet with low error.
be simulated are shown. In addition, we present a Matlab
script, which uses the previously described Matlab simulation II. MATHEMATICAL EQUATIONS OF PHOTOVOLTAIC MODEL
model of the photovoltaic module to output a table (.xls file) The output current of the photovoltaic module mainly
containing the maximum power point (MPP) as a function of depends on the illumination-dependent photocurrent and
irradiance and temperature. The generated .xls-file can be
is calculated as:
used for long-term simulations since more complicated
algorithms like the maximum power point tracker are not
considered in this type of simulation. = − −
Keywords—photovoltaic module, modelling, Matlab, Where the current through the diode and through the parallel
maximum power point, hybrid power system, energy management resistor is calculated as [9]:
system.
I. INTRODUCTION = −1
In 2017, the world’s primary energy demand was about
585 TJ and will increase to about 742 TJ in 2040 [1]. In
order to supply this energy demand, regenerative energies are =
also used. The influence of regenerative energies on an
existing electrical grid can be investigated by modeling. There are three key points in the V-I characteristic: short
Furthermore, renewable energy models, such as circuit point, open circuit point and maximum power point.
photovoltaic, can be used to study the structure and stability For each of these three points, one equation describes the
(frequency and voltage) of a hybrid power system [2]. In output current of the photovoltaic module [9]:
such a grid, an energy management system can be connected
to a wide variety of electrical generation systems, so that a
modular structure of the management system is sought. The = − −1 −
task of such a management system is to maintain the
frequency and voltage stability as well as to find an
economically optimal operation point. Fig. 1 shows a single- =0 = − −1 −
diode model for a photovoltaic module, which consists of an
illumination-dependent current source, which is connected in
parallel to a diode and the resistor Rsh. Furthermore, the = − −1 −
model takes into account the series resistance Rs.
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2019 1st Global Power, Energy and Communication Conference (IEEE GPECOM2019), June 12-15, 2019, Cappadocia, Turkey
TABLE I. ELECTRICAL PARAMETERS OF SOL3N After differentiating equation (13) and solving to the
Electrical parameters of SOL3N derivative of the current with voltage, the following equation
results [9]:
– Short circuit current 0.22 A
( , )
– Maximum power point current 0.20 A =
( , )
– Open circuit voltage 1.2 V
– Maximum power point voltage 1.0 V Inserting equation (14) in equation (12) results in:
= − +
The fact that the second term in parenthesis is significantly Converting equation (8) to , results in:
smaller than the first term results in the following
simplification [9]: =
= +
III. MATLAB SCRIPT FOR CALCULATING OF DIODE FACTOR,
THE SERIES AND PARALLEL RESISTANCE
Fig. 2 shows the first part of the Matlab script, which is
Converting equation (9) to : used to enter the necessary data from the data sheet. These
data are used in the following Matlab/Simulink model of the
= − photovoltaic module and to calculate the diode factor ,
series resistance and parallel resistance . The
temperature coefficients for poly-Si are between -0.29 %/°C
Inserting equation (7) and equation (10) in equation (6), and -0.48 %/°C for voltage and between 0.03 %/°C and
results in: 0.07 %/°C for current [11].
= −
− −
( , )
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2019 1st Global Power, Energy and Communication Conference (IEEE GPECOM2019), June 12-15, 2019, Cappadocia, Turkey
Fig. 4 shows the function named fcndPdU1(x, PV_par) contains the equations of the photovoltaic module. After each
for determining the solution vector of the resistance and simulation, the maximum value of power, which comes back
. The equation system used is based on equations (16), as "max(simout)" from the simulation, is stored in the array.
(17) and (18). The last equation for calculating F(2) is based
on the assumption that the saturation current of the diode is
on the order of 10-10 A [11].
Fig. 7. Matlab script for creating an array, which contains the maximum
power data depending on the irradiance and the temperature
Fig. 4. Matlab function for calculating ,
Fig. 8 shows the Matlab script for creating an
Fig. 5 shows the Matlab function named diode_factor(x, Array_PV.xls-file, which contains a spreadsheet for the
PV_par) for determining the diode factor . The equation entire simulation data, one for the temperature axis data, one
system used is based on equation (17). for the irradiation intensity axis data, and one for the
maximum power values.
Fig. 5. Matlab function for calculating Table II shows the spreadsheet named data of the .xls-
file. The table shows the simulation results for the MPP of
IV. MATLAB SCRIPT FOR CREATING A . XLS-FILE CONTAINING the exemplarily selected photovoltaic module SOL3N [10]. It
THE MPP POWER OF A PHOTOVOLTAIC MODULE contains the information about the power in the maximum
Fig. 6 shows an example of the creation of an array power point (in W) at the corresponding module temperature
containing the values of the temperature axis. The structure (in °C) and irradiance (in W/m²).
of the script for creating the array, which contains the values
TABLE II. SAVING THE SIMULATION DATA IN A .XLS -FILE
for the irradiance, is corresponding.
Fig. 6. Matlab script for creating an array containing the temperature axis
data
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2019 1st Global Power, Energy and Communication Conference (IEEE GPECOM2019), June 12-15, 2019, Cappadocia, Turkey
V. MATLAB/SIMULINK MODEL OF THE PHOTOVOLTAIC The shown subsystem called I_sc_new and V_oc_new
MODULE are used to calculate the temperature dependent short circuit
Fig. 9 shows the entire simulation model of the _ and the temperature dependent open circuit voltage
photovoltaic module. The subsystem named photovoltaic _ and are based on equations (20) and (21) [12]:
module contains the equation system of a photovoltaic
module and outputs the current , which is described in _ = + ( − )
equation (1). Using a controllable voltage source, the P-V
characteristic of the photovoltaic module can be simulated at _ = − ( − )
different temperatures and irradiations. The voltage at the
photovoltaic module is changed by using the ramp on the
controllable voltage source. The multiplication of the current
(I_act) with the voltage (V_act) gives the generated
power of the photovoltaic module, which is returned as a
variable named simout to the workspace of Matlab.
= + ( − )
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2019 1st Global Power, Energy and Communication Conference (IEEE GPECOM2019), June 12-15, 2019, Cappadocia, Turkey
The shown subsystem called I_D is used to calculate the described above is used. There is also a comparison between
diode current and is based on equation (2): this model and the one from Matlab in this chapter for the
photovoltaic module ASEC-265G6S6A.
A. Comparison between measurement and simulation
results
Fig. 18 shows the comparison between the simulated and
measured power of the SOL3N photovoltaic module with a
constant module temperature of 25 °C and different
irradiance levels. The deviation between the measured and
the simulated values is small, as shown in the figure below.
This figure also shows that under standard test conditions
Fig. 15. Inside view of subsystem named I_D
(STC) the values given in the datasheet are equal to the
values shown in the figure. The MPP of 0.2 W specified in
Fig. 16 shows the last subsystem named I_sh, which is
the datasheet is achieved in the same way as the MPP
used to calculate the current through the resistor and
based on equation (3). voltage of 1.0 V. The open circuit voltage is also in the
figure at 1.2 V as described in the data sheet.
Fig. 18. comparison between measurement and simulation results for the
P-V characteristic of photovoltaic module SOL3N for different
irradiance levels and constant temperature
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2019 1st Global Power, Energy and Communication Conference (IEEE GPECOM2019), June 12-15, 2019, Cappadocia, Turkey
TABLE III. ELECTRICAL PARAMETERS OF ASEC-265G6S6A power point tracker.For this purpose, the previously
Electrical parameters of SOL3N described Matlab model can be used.
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