Type of Boilers
Type of Boilers
Type of Boilers
Type of Boilers
1. Fire tube (for low capacity, low pressure and variable load applications)
2. Water tube (for high capacity and high pressure applications)
Water Tube Boiler – Water and steam pass through boiler tubes
Boiler System
Here there is a closed process. Condensed steam during the process is returned to the boiler in
closed processes. In open processes, there is no any return. Steam trap only permit water to
pass through it. Therefore steam traps are used to maximize heat usage at steam for the
process.
There are different way to reduce energy loss (or increase the efficiency) of boilers and get
maximum benefits out of boiler as follow.
1. Improve boiler efficiency by reducing the excess air level in the boiler
Burner manufacturer design the excess air factor. Higher the excess air factor lowers the
overall boiler efficiency. Excess air factor depends on the fuel we used. It varies from
1.05 – 1.4 when the fuel is switched gas to solid fuel respectively. There is an atomizer in
the burner for fuel atomization. Atomized fuel increases surface area for better reaction
with oxygen. This will reduce the excess air factor.
𝐹𝑆
Blow down rate = 𝐵−𝐹
2000×ℎ𝑓𝑔 100
At 10 bar capacity = ℎ ; if feed water temperature is 70°C
𝑔 10 𝑏𝑎𝑟 − ℎ70 10 𝑏𝑎𝑟
The term from and at 100°C means when boiler should is operated at 1 bar (100°C
saturated) and feed water temperature is at 100°C, the boiler generate steam at a rate of
2000 kg/h
Question
Answer
Answers for part (i) and (ii) are given in the note.
2000×2256.9
= 2473.4
= 1825 kg/h