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    The History and Development of The Martial Arts

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    Mădălina Nanu
    Taekwondo originated in Korea in the mid-1950s through the union of various martial arts schools and styles under the guidance of General Choi Hong-Hi. While taekwondo techniques have been depicted in Korean art from 37 BC, taekwondo itself cannot be directly traced back more than 2000 years. Previously, Korea had a long tradition of indigenous martial arts practiced by nobles and warriors, though these decreased in popularity after the Japanese occupation. After Korean independence in 1945, five schools teaching styles derived from Japanese karate laid the foundation for what later became modern taekwondo. In the mid-1950s, leaders of these schools finally agreed on the name "Taekwondo".

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    The History and Development of The Martial Arts

    Uploaded by

    Mădălina Nanu
    97 views2 pages
    Taekwondo originated in Korea in the mid-1950s through the union of various martial arts schools and styles under the guidance of General Choi Hong-Hi. While taekwondo techniques have been depicted in Korean art from 37 BC, taekwondo itself cannot be directly traced back more than 2000 years. Previously, Korea had a long tradition of indigenous martial arts practiced by nobles and warriors, though these decreased in popularity after the Japanese occupation. After Korean independence in 1945, five schools teaching styles derived from Japanese karate laid the foundation for what later became modern taekwondo. In the mid-1950s, leaders of these schools finally agreed on the name "Taekwondo".

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    The history and development of the martial arts

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    Taekwondo originated in Korea in the mid-1950s through the union of various martial arts schools and styles under the guidance of General Choi Hong-Hi. While taekwondo techniques have been depicted in Korean art from 37 BC, taekwondo itself cannot be directly traced back more than 2000 years. Previously, Korea had a long tradition of indigenous martial arts practiced by nobles and warriors, though these decreased in popularity after the Japanese occupation. After Korean independence in 1945, five schools teaching styles derived from Japanese karate laid the foundation for what later became modern taekwondo. In the mid-1950s, leaders of these schools finally agreed on the name "Taekwondo".

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    97 views2 pages

    The History and Development of The Martial Arts

    Uploaded by

    Mădălina Nanu
    Taekwondo originated in Korea in the mid-1950s through the union of various martial arts schools and styles under the guidance of General Choi Hong-Hi. While taekwondo techniques have been depicted in Korean art from 37 BC, taekwondo itself cannot be directly traced back more than 2000 years. Previously, Korea had a long tradition of indigenous martial arts practiced by nobles and warriors, though these decreased in popularity after the Japanese occupation. After Korean independence in 1945, five schools teaching styles derived from Japanese karate laid the foundation for what later became modern taekwondo. In the mid-1950s, leaders of these schools finally agreed on the name "Taekwondo".

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    History of Taekwondo (summary)

      
    Taekwondo was created in the mid-1950s with the significant participation of General Choi Hong-Hi,
    from the union of various combat schools and styles. Grave decorations in the Kingdom of Koguryo from
    37 BC BC, in the north of Korea still show common taekwondo techniques and prove that at least
    taekwondo-like fighting practices were known in Korea over 2000 years ago.
     
    The history and development of the martial arts practiced there is as varied as the history of Korea, which
    was divided into several kingdoms in ancient times. The weaponless art of fighting by means of kicks and
    punches enjoyed great prestige among nobles and warriors in all Korean kingdoms. Regardless of whether
    they were known in the kingdoms of Koguryo, Silla, Baekje or Koryo under the names Subak, Subyokta,
    Kwontaek, Byon or Taekyon, they all served the purpose of being able to defend themselves in battle after
    losing their weapons. After the unification of the four kingdoms, the unarmed struggle became less and
    less important and popular. Martial arts were rarely practiced during the long Japanese
    occupation. During this time, she mixed strongly with the karate newly discovered by the Japanese - just
    like before with the Chinese kung fu. Despite everything, art has been preserved to this day. When Korea
    was liberated from Japan after the Second World War, similar martial arts existed under different names
    such as Tae-Soo-Do, Kung-Su or Tang-Soo-Do, the schools of which also practiced different forms. In the
    mid-1950s, the highest Dan holders of the leading schools in Korea finally agreed on the name
    "Taekwondo". There were similar martial arts under different names such as Tae-Soo-Do, Kung-Su or
    Tang-Soo-Do, whose schools also practiced different forms. In the mid-1950s, the highest Dan holders of
    the leading schools in Korea finally agreed on the name "Taekwondo". There were similar martial arts
    under different names such as Tae-Soo-Do, Kung-Su or Tang-Soo-Do, whose schools also practiced
    different forms. In the mid-1950s, the highest Dan holders of the leading schools in Korea finally agreed
    on the name "Taekwondo".
     

    History, origin and development (detailed version)


     
    As in many countries from which martial arts originated, Korea has a centuries-old tradition of martial
    arts. However, there is no direct causal influence from them on the emergence and initial development of
    what should later become taekwondo.
     
    The occasional claim that one of the propagated forerunners of taekwondo originated from the legendary
    founder of the state, Dangun, that taekwondo is ultimately more than 4,000 years old and thus the oldest
    martial art in East Asia, has no historical basis. However, Korea can undoubtedly look back on a martial
    arts tradition that is around one and a half millennia old, but taekwondo cannot prove any direct
    connection to these.
     
    Origin and development of taekwondo
     
    After 1910, Greater Korea was annexed to Japan. Everything that made up Korean culture and history was
    systematically suppressed and banned. This also applied to traditional Korean forms of combat such as
    Taekgyeon and Ssireum. The Japanese colonial masters brought styles of fighting such as Jiu Jitsu,
    Kendo, Judo or Karate from home.
     
    The five styles of origin
     
    During the occupation of Korea, the Japanese dispersed gatherings of more than ten Koreans with their
    whips. Martial arts or martial arts were traditionally a social activity in Korea. Unlike in Japan, there were
    no forms, so training alone was not common. How u. a. Song Dok-ki for the Taekgyeon tradition,
    competitions always played a big role. So there was no direct ban on martial arts or art, but the ban on
    assembly naturally affected Taekgyeon, Ssireum and Gungsul just like all other Korean traditions, so they
    were wiped out by a hair.
     
    After the independence of Korea in 1945, Koreans who had learned Japanese karate in Japan and
    Manchuria returned to their homeland. They opened the five original martial arts schools that would later
    become taekwondo. All of these schools ended on Kwan, which literally means "hall".
     
    Lee Won-Kuk had learned Shotokan karate from Gichin Funakoshi and began teaching Dangsudo in his
    school, the Cheongdo-Kwan ("Hall of True Way") in Seoul in 1944. Lee fled to Japan in 1953 for political
    reasons and emigrated to the United States in 1976.
    Hwang Ki probably learned karate in Manchuria, which was also occupied by Japanese, from 1936, even if
    he later adopted the style as a Chinese. In 1945 he founded the MooDuk Kwan in Seoul (such as the “Hall
    of Fighting Virtues”). At first he also called his style Dangsudo, later, in Korea, Subakdo. Internationally,
    he retained the name Dangsudo (written "Tang Soo Do", abbreviated TSD), under which his style is still
    practiced today, especially in the United States.
    Chun Sang-Sup had learned judo and karate while studying in Japan and in 1946 he joined Yeonmu-
    Kwan, the largest Seoul judo school, where he also taught gongsudo in addition to judo. Chun is believed
    to have been lost in the Korean War. His students then changed the school name to Jido-Kwan ("Way of
    Wisdom").
    Yoon Byung-In returned from Japan as the highest ranking Korean Karateka, where he had achieved 5th
    Dan in Shudokan Karate with Kanken Toyama (Shudokan style founder). He is said to have learned Kwon
    Bop (Chinese Quanfa / Kung fu) in Manchuria. He also founded Changmu-Kwan in Seoul's YMCA in 1946
    and called his style (presumably for political, that is, anti-Japanese reasons) Kwon-Bop ("fist
    method"). Yoon was probably deported to North Korea during the Korean War.
    Ro Byung-Jik had learned Shotokan karate with Gichin Funakoshi together with Lee Won-Kuk and wore
    1st Dan on his return. He founded his first school before independence in Kaesŏng in what is now North
    Korea, but moved to Seoul in 1946 due to a lack of success and opened the Seongmu-Kwan (derived from
    "Seong Do Kwan", the Korean pronunciation of the Japanese Shotokan).
     
    The Dangsudo style
     
    All of them initially called their style Dangsudo (Tangsoodo), "Path of the (Dang) China Hand", or
    Gongsudo (Kongsoodo), "Path of the Empty Hand". In both cases, it is the Korean pronunciation of what
    is read in Japanese karate. The word "karate" was changed in the 1930s from "(Dang) China hand" to
    "empty hand". In these five first Seoul Taekwondo schools, one or the other type of karate was originally
    trained, and it was introduced to foreigners until the 1960s as "Korean karate". However, there were
    different standards for Dan exams between the schools. So before the Korean War there were first talks
    about a possible umbrella organization,
     
    This first association disintegrated after a few months because Hwang Ki single-handedly founded the
    Korean Dangsudo Association in Seoul, whereupon Son Duk-sung also left the Gongsudo Association. In
    the meantime, Son Duk-sung had taken over the leadership of the Cheongdo-Kwan, then the largest
    civilian martial arts school.
     

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